1
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Schutz GF, de Ávila Gonçalves S, Alves RMV, Vieira RP. A review of starch-based biocomposites reinforced with plant fibers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129916. [PMID: 38311134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Renewable and biodegradable resources have gained increasing attention as promising alternatives to synthetic plastics. Among the diverse raw materials employed in bioplastics production, starch emerges as an attractive, low-cost, and largely available source. However, the inherent properties of starch-based materials often limit their utility across various applications, necessitating strategic modifications to enhance their performance. A common approach to boost these materials involves incorporating natural fillers into biopolymer matrices. Incorporating natural fibers within starch matrices enables the development of biocomposites with improved properties while retaining their renewable and biodegradable characteristics. This review briefly addresses fundamental aspects of starch structure, obtention, and processing, as well as the main pre-treatments of natural fibers and processing methods currently applied to produce starch-based composites. It also highlights the most recent advances in this field, elucidates the effect of the incorporation of fibers on the biocomposite properties, and discusses the critical parameters affecting the synergic combination between starch and fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Frey Schutz
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia Química (FEQ), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sayeny de Ávila Gonçalves
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia Química (FEQ), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Vercelino Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos (ITAL), Centro de Tecnologia de Embalagem (CETEA), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roniérik Pioli Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Engenharia Química (FEQ), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Ferreira EDSB, da Silva FS, Luna CBB, Costa ARDM, de Sousa FM, de Carvalho LH, Wellen RMR, Araújo EM. Toward Producing Biopolyethylene/Babassu Fiber Biocomposites with Improved Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:419. [PMID: 38337308 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of polymeric biocomposites containing natural fibers has grown over the years due to the properties achieved and its eco-friendly nature. Thus, biocomposites involving a polymer from a renewable source (Biopolyethylene (BioPE)) and babassu fibers (BFs), compatibilized with polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) (PE-g-MA and PE-g-AA, respectively) were obtained using melt mixing and injection molded into tensile, impact, and HDT specimens. Babassu fiber was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biocomposites were characterized using torque rheometry, TGA, tensile strength, impact strength, thermomechanical properties, Shore D hardness, and SEM. The data indicate that the torque during the processing of compatibilized biocomposites was higher than that of BioPE/BF biocomposites, which was taken as an indication of a possible reaction between the functional groups. Compatibilization led to a substantial improvement in the elastic modulus, tensile strength, HDT, and VST and a decrease in Shore D hardness. These results were justified with SEM micrographs, which showed babassu fibers better adhered to the surface of the biopolyethylene matrix, as well as an encapsulation of these fibers. The system investigated is environmentally sustainable, and the results are promising for the technology of polymeric composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabiano Santana da Silva
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Menezes de Sousa
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Laura Hecker de Carvalho
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Renate Maria Ramos Wellen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Edcleide Maria Araújo
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil
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3
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Santosh MS, Purushotham S, Gopinathan P, Guna V, Dileepkumar VG, Kumar M, Reddy N. Natural sub-bituminous coal as filler enhances mechanical, insulation and flame retardant properties of coir-polypropylene bio-composites. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6955-6965. [PMID: 36725791 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Additives provide substantial improvement in the properties of composites. Although bio-based composites are preferred over synthetic polymer and metal-based composites, they do not have the requisite properties to meet specific needs. Hence, organic, inorganic and metallic additives are included to improve the properties of bio-based composites. Coal is a readily available resource with high thermal insulation, flame resistance and other properties. This work demonstrates the addition of 20-30% natural sub-bituminous coal as filler for coir-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites and exhibits an increased tensile strength by 66% and flexural strength by 55% compared to the composites without any filler. Such composites are intended for insulation applications and as a replacement for gypsum-based false ceiling tiles. Various ratios of coal samples were included in the composites and their effect on mechanical, acoustic, thermal insulation, flame and water resistance have been determined. A substantial improvement in both flexural and tensile properties has been observed due to the addition of coal. However, a marginal improvement has been observed in both thermal conductivity (0.65 W/mK) and flame resistance values due to the presence of coal. Adding coal increases the intensity of noise absorption, particularly at a higher frequency, whereas water sorption of the composites tends to decrease with an increase in the coal content. The addition of coal improves and adds unique properties to composites, allowing coir-coal-PP composites to outperform commercially available gypsum-based insulation panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Santosh
- Coal to Hydrogen Energy for Sustainable Solutions (CHESS) Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Digwadih Campus, PO: FRI, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India.
| | - Sanjay Purushotham
- Center for Incubation Innovation Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology Campus, Thataguni Post, Bengaluru, 560082, India
| | - P Gopinathan
- Resource Quality Assessment (RQA) Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Digwadih Campus, PO: FRI, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India
| | - Vijaykumar Guna
- Center for Incubation Innovation Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology Campus, Thataguni Post, Bengaluru, 560082, India
| | - V G Dileepkumar
- Coal to Hydrogen Energy for Sustainable Solutions (CHESS) Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Digwadih Campus, PO: FRI, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Coal Carbonization Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Digwadih Campus, PO: FRI, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India
| | - Narendra Reddy
- Center for Incubation Innovation Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology Campus, Thataguni Post, Bengaluru, 560082, India.
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4
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Chen Y, Wei X, Yang X, Song G, Dou W, Chen J, Qian Y, Han L. Will the aging products of soil-reinforcement fibers stress plant growth and soil health? CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139464. [PMID: 37442383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil-reinforcement fibers are widely used for soil remediation and erosion prevention in ecologically vulnerable regions with sparse vegetation coverage and are incorporated into the soil for prolonged periods. However, the potential risks posed by aging fiber materials to soil health and plant growth have been largely neglected. This study explored the effects of aging solutions for polyethylene terephthalate (PET), coir, and carbon fibers on the physiological characteristics and vegetation coverage of ryegrass, as well as soil properties. Results indicated that PET and carbon fibers decreased ryegrass density and inhibited chlorophyll synthesis. All three fiber aging solutions aggravated leaf peroxidation, as represented by a sharp increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Leaf peroxidase activities improved, whereas the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities under the carbon fiber treatment were significantly lower than those under the PET and coir fiber treatments. The three fiber aging solutions significantly reduced soil H2O2 activity, improved soil leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity. Besides, coir fiber aging solution improved soil hemicellulose (CB) activity significantly. Aging solutions of PET and coir fibers increased the number of soil bacterial colonies, while the carbon fiber aging solution increased the number of soil actinomyces colonies. Overall, our findings demonstrate that fiber aging solutions decrease plant density, cause leaf damage, and alter soil characteristics in the short term. However, these solutions have minimal impact on soil health. The coir fiber aging solution has minimal effects on plant growth and soil properties, and is still a viable alternative to traditional non-degradable soil-reinforcing fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dongxiaofu No.1, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wei
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dongxiaofu No.1, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dongxiaofu No.1, Beijing, China
| | - Guilong Song
- Institute of Turfgrass, School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Dou
- Institute of Turfgrass, School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- Institute of Turfgrass, School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Qian
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dongxiaofu No.1, Beijing, China.
| | - Liebao Han
- Institute of Turfgrass, School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Beijing, China.
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5
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Experimental analysis of duo-fiber interaction on the tensile strength of surface-modified flax–kenaf-reinforced epoxy composite. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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6
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Both AK, Choudhry D, Cheung CL. Valorization of hemp fibers into biocomposites via one‐step pectin‐based green fabrication process. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar Both
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Deepa Choudhry
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Chin Li Cheung
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
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7
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Hasan KF, Xiaoyi L, Shaoqin Z, Horváth PG, Bak M, Bejó L, Sipos G, Alpár T. Functional silver nanoparticles synthesis from sustainable point of view: 2000 to 2023 ‒ A review on game changing materials. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12322. [PMID: 36590481 PMCID: PMC9800342 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The green and facile synthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is getting tremendous attention for exploring superior applications because of their small dimensions and shape. AgNPs are already proven materials for superior coloration, biocidal, thermal, UV-protection, and mechanical performance. Originally, some conventional chemical-based reducing agents were used to synthesize AgNPs, but these posed potential risks, especially for enhanced toxicity. This became a driving force to innovate plant-based sustainable and green metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, the synthesized NPs using plant-based derivatives could be tuned and regulated to achieve the required shape and size of the AgNPs. AgNPs synthesized from naturally derived materials are safe, economical, eco-friendly, facile, and convenient, which is also motivating researchers to find greener routes and viable options, utilizing various parts of plants like flowers, stems, heartwood, leaves and carbohydrates like chitosan to meet the demands. This article intends to provide a comprehensive review of all aspects of AgNP materials, including green synthesis methodology and mechanism, incorporation of advanced technologies, morphological and elemental study, functional properties (coloration, UV-protection, biocidal, thermal, and mechanical properties), marketing value, future prospects and application, especially for the last 20 years or more. The article also includes a SWOT (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis regarding the use of AgNPs. This report would facilitate the industries and consumers associated with AgNP synthesis and application through fulfilling the demand for sustainable, feasible, and low-cost product manufacturing protocols and their future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.M. Faridul Hasan
- Fiber and Nanotechnology Program, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
- Faculty of Wood Engineering and Creative Industry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Liu Xiaoyi
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Zhou Shaoqin
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
- Center of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Center/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Péter György Horváth
- Faculty of Wood Engineering and Creative Industry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Miklós Bak
- Faculty of Wood Engineering and Creative Industry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
| | - László Bejó
- Faculty of Wood Engineering and Creative Industry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
| | - György Sipos
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Faculty of Forestry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Tibor Alpár
- Fiber and Nanotechnology Program, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
- Faculty of Wood Engineering and Creative Industry, University of Sopron, 9400, Sopron, Hungary
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8
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Amin MN, Salami BA, Zahid M, Iqbal M, Khan K, Abu-Arab AM, Alabdullah AA, Jalal FE. Investigating the Bond Strength of FRP Laminates with Concrete Using LIGHT GBM and SHAPASH Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214717. [PMID: 36365710 PMCID: PMC9656809 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The corrosion of steel reinforcement necessitates regular maintenance and repair of a variety of reinforced concrete structures. Retrofitting of beams, joints, columns, and slabs frequently involves the use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. In order to develop simple prediction models for calculating the interfacial bond strength (IBS) of FRP laminates on a concrete prism containing grooves, this research evaluated the nonlinear capabilities of three ensemble methods—namely, random forest (RF) regression, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LIGHT GBM) models—based on machine learning (ML). In the present study, the IBS was the desired variable, while the model comprised five input parameters: elastic modulus x thickness of FRP (EfTf), width of FRP plate (bf), concrete compressive strength (fc′), width of groove (bg), and depth of groove (hg). The optimal parameters for each ensemble model were selected based on trial-and-error methods. The aforementioned models were trained on 70% of the entire dataset, while the remaining data (i.e., 30%) were used for the validation of the developed models. The evaluation was conducted on the basis of reliable accuracy indices. The minimum value of correlation of determination (R2 = 0.82) was observed for the testing data of the RF regression model. In contrast, the highest (R2 = 0.942) was obtained for LIGHT GBM for the training data. Overall, the three models showed robust performance in terms of correlation and error evaluation; however, the trend of accuracy was obtained as follows: LIGHT GBM > XGBoost > RF regression. Owing to the superior performance of LIGHT GBM, it may be considered a reliable ML prediction technique for computing the bond strength of FRP laminates and concrete prisms. The performance of the models was further supplemented by comparing the slopes of regression lines between the observed and predicted values, along with error analysis (i.e., mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE)), predicted-to-experimental ratio, and Taylor diagrams. Moreover, the SHAPASH analysis revealed that the elastic modulus x thickness of FRP and width of FRP plate are the factors most responsible for IBS in FRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasir Amin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-13-589-5431; Fax: +966-13-581-7068
| | - Babatunde Abiodun Salami
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Mudassir Iqbal
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Kaffayatullah Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mohammad Abu-Arab
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Abdulalim Alabdullah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fazal E. Jalal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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9
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Ali B, Hawreen A, Ben Kahla N, Talha Amir M, Azab M, Raza A. A critical review on the utilization of coir (coconut fiber) in cementitious materials. CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 2022; 351:128957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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10
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Tee ZY, Yeap SP, Hassan CS, Kiew PL. Nano and non-nano fillers in enhancing mechanical properties of epoxy resins: a brief review. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.2015778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yi Tee
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Swee Pin Yeap
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- UCSI-Cheras Low Carbon Innovation Hub Research Consortium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cik Suhana Hassan
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peck Loo Kiew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia - Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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11
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Ali B, Fahad M, Ullah S, Ahmed H, Alyousef R, Deifalla A. Development of Ductile and Durable High Strength Concrete (HSC) through Interactive Incorporation of Coir Waste and Silica Fume. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072616. [PMID: 35407948 PMCID: PMC9000461 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The issue of brittleness and low post-peak load energy associated with the plain HSC led to the development of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) by using discrete fiber filaments in the plain matrix. Due to the high environmental impact of industrial fibers and plasticizers, FRC development is ecologically challenged. Sustainability issues demand the application of eco-friendly development of FRC. This study is aimed at the evaluation of coir as a fiber-reinforcement material in HSC, with the incorporation of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement. For this purpose, a total of 12 concrete mixes were produced by using three different doses of coir (0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by wt. of binder) with silica fume (0%, 5%, and 10% as volumetric replacements of cement). The examined parameters include compressive strength, shear strength, splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, and chloride ion permeability. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was adopted to observe the microstructure of the CF-reinforced concrete. The results revealed that due to the CF addition, the compressive strength of HSC reduces notably; however, the splitting tensile strength and shear strength experienced notable improvements. At the combined incorporation of 1.5% CF with 5% silica fume, the splitting tensile strength and shear strength of the concrete experienced improvements of 47% and 70%, respectively, compared to that of the control mix. The CF incorporation is detrimental to the imperviousness of concrete. The combined incorporation of CF and silica fume is recommended to minimize the negative effects of CF on the permeability resistance of concrete. The SEM results revealed that CF underwent a minor shrinkage with the age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Ali
- Department of Civil Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad-Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Muhammad Fahad
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Shahid Ullah
- Earthquake Engineering Center, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Hawreen Ahmed
- Department of Highway and Bridge Engineering, Technical Engineering College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Nawroz University, Duhok 42001, Iraq
- CERIS, Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georresources Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Rayed Alyousef
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Deifalla
- Structural Engineering Department, Structural Engineering and Construction Management, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt;
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12
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Mansingh BB, Binoj JS, Anbazhagan VN, Abu Hassan S, Goh KL, Siengchin S, Sanjay MR, Jaafar M, Liu Y. Characterization of
Cocos nucifera
L. peduncle fiber reinforced polymer composites for lightweight sustainable applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Selvi Binoj
- Micromachining Research Centre, Mechanical Engineering Mohan Babu School of Engineering and Technology, Mohan Babu University (MBU) Tirupati India
| | | | - Shukur Abu Hassan
- Department of Applied Mechanics & Design Centre for Composites, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia
| | - Kheng Lim Goh
- Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering Newcastle University in Singapore Singapore City Singapore
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai‐German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai‐German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Mariatti Jaafar
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal Malaysia
| | - Yucheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
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13
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A comprehensive review on polymer matrix composites: material selection, fabrication, and application. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Hasan KMF, Horváth PG, Kóczán Z, Le DHA, Bak M, Bejó L, Alpár T. Novel insulation panels development from multilayered coir short and long fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde polymeric biocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated about the developments of insulation panels from multilayered coir long and short fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde polymeric (PF) resin. The lengths of coir long fibers (CLF) were within 3 mm, whereas the short fibers (CSF) ranged from 0.1 mm to 1.25 mm. Four composite panels of 360, 680, 800, and 1000 kg/m3 densities were developed by employing hot pressing technology. The thermal conductivity, microstructural, mechanical, and physical properties of the composite panels were investigated. Perceived thermal conductivity values ranged within 0.046280 (0.000494) to 0.062400 (0.001146) Wm‒1 k‒1of the composites demonstrating superior insulation properties. Moreover, the current study also found that mechanical and thermal properties showed improvement with the increase of density. Low-density fiberboards had the lowest performances compared to high-density composite panels, with the exception of the 1000 kg/m3 density, in which fiber agglomeration occurred. Furthermore, all the developed composite panels display superior potentiality for use as effective insulation materials. The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis also shows an efficient bonding between the cellulosic coir materials and PF resin. The overall characteristics of the composite panels, especially medium fiberboard, show prominent potential for industrial production units by fulfilling the consumer requirements.
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