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Flow photochemistry — from microreactors to large-scale processing. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2023.100897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Strauch C, Schroeder S, Grelier G, Niggemann M. Homolytic N-S Bond Cleavage in Vinyl Triflimides Enabled by Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201830. [PMID: 35793203 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl triflimides are a new compound class with unknown reactivity. A computational analysis identified homolytic cleavage of the N-Tf bond induced by triplet-triplet energy transfer (EnT) as a highly interesting reaction type that might be accessible. A combination of experimental and mechanistic work verified this hypothesis and proved the generated radicals to be amenable to radical-radical coupling. Thereby, vinyl triflimides were transformed into a range of α-quaternary, β-trifluoromethylated amines in a 1,2-difunctionalization reaction with no need for external CF3 reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Strauch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schroeder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gwendal Grelier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Meike Niggemann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Steiner A, Nelson RC, Dallinger D, Kappe CO. Synthesis of Thiomorpholine via a Telescoped Photochemical Thiol–Ene/Cyclization Sequence in Continuous Flow. Org Process Res Dev 2022; 26:2532-2539. [PMID: 36032361 PMCID: PMC9396661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steiner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ryan C. Nelson
- Medicines for All Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, 737 North Fifth Street, P.O. Box 980100, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Doris Dallinger
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Roider T, Frommknecht N, Höltzel A, Tallarek U. Device for automated screening of irradiation wavelength and intensity – investigation of the wavelength dependence of photoreactions with an arylazo sulfone in continuous flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00142j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A system allowing the automatic change of LED arrays (normalized to the number of emitted photons) is presented to study photochemical reactions in continuous flow for their wavelength dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Roider
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frommknecht
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Polterauer D, Roberge DM, Hanselmann P, Littich R, Hone CA, Kappe CO. A continuous flow investigation of sulfonyl chloride synthesis using N-chloroamides: optimization, kinetics and mechanism. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We develop a continuous flow protocol for the synthesis of sulfonyl chlorides from disulfides and thiols, using 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCH) as a dual-function reagent for oxidative chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Polterauer
- Center for Continuous Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Paul Hanselmann
- Chemical Manufacturing Technologies, Lonza AG, CH-3930 Visp, Switzerland
| | - Ryan Littich
- Chemical Manufacturing Technologies, Lonza AG, CH-3930 Visp, Switzerland
| | - Christopher A. Hone
- Center for Continuous Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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