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Makhija E, Zheng Y, Wang J, Leong HR, Othman RB, Ng EX, Lee EH, Kellogg LT, Lee YH, Yu H, Poon Z, Van Vliet KJ. Topological defects in self-assembled patterns of mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro are predictive attributes of condensation and chondrogenesis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297769. [PMID: 38547243 PMCID: PMC10977694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic agents for cartilage regeneration, including the potential of cells to promote chondrogenesis in vivo. However, process development and regulatory approval of MSCs as cell therapy products benefit from facile in vitro approaches that can predict potency for a given production run. Current standard in vitro approaches include a 21 day 3D differentiation assay followed by quantification of cartilage matrix proteins. We propose a novel biophysical marker that is cell population-based and can be measured from in vitro monolayer culture of MSCs. We hypothesized that the self-assembly pattern that emerges from collective-cell behavior would predict chondrogenesis motivated by our observation that certain features in this pattern, namely, topological defects, corresponded to mesenchymal condensations. Indeed, we observed a strong predictive correlation between the degree-of-order of the pattern at day 9 of the monolayer culture and chondrogenic potential later estimated from in vitro 3D chondrogenic differentiation at day 21. These findings provide the rationale and the proof-of-concept for using self-assembly patterns to monitor chondrogenic commitment of cell populations. Such correlations across multiple MSC donors and production batches suggest that self-assembly patterns can be used as a candidate biophysical attribute to predict quality and efficacy for MSCs employed therapeutically for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Makhija
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Zheng
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han Ren Leong
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- Engineering Science Programme, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rashidah Binte Othman
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ee Xien Ng
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Hin Lee
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Tissue Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lisa Tucker Kellogg
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yie Hou Lee
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Cell Therapy Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hanry Yu
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiyong Poon
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Cell Therapy Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Krystyn J. Van Vliet
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
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Puggioni L, Boffetta G, Musacchio S. Giant vortex dynamics in confined bacterial turbulence. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:055103. [PMID: 36559438 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.055103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the numerical evidence of a new state of bacterial turbulence in confined domains. By means of extensive numerical simulations of the Toner-Tu-Swift-Hohenberg model for dense bacterial suspensions in circular geometry, we discover the formation a stable, ordered state in which the angular momentum symmetry is broken. This is achieved by self-organization of a turbulent-like flow into a single, giant vortex of the size of the domain. The giant vortex is surrounded by an annular region close to the boundary, characterized by small-scale, radial vorticity streaks. The average radial velocity profile of the vortex is found to be in agreement with a simple analytical prediction. We also provide an estimate of the temporal and spatial scales of a suitable experimental setup comparable with our numerical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Puggioni
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Boffetta
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Musacchio
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Worlitzer VM, Jose A, Grinberg I, Bär M, Heidenreich S, Eldar A, Ariel G, Be’er A. Biophysical aspects underlying the swarm to biofilm transition. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn8152. [PMID: 35704575 PMCID: PMC9200279 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn8152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria organize in a variety of collective states, from swarming-rapid surface exploration, to biofilms-highly dense immobile communities attributed to stress resistance. It has been suggested that biofilm and swarming are oppositely controlled, making this transition particularly interesting for understanding the ability of bacterial colonies to adapt to challenging environments. Here, the swarm to biofilm transition is studied in Bacillus subtilis by analyzing the bacterial dynamics both on the individual and collective scales. We show that both biological and physical processes facilitate the transition. A few individual cells that initiate the biofilm program cause nucleation of large, approximately scale-free, stationary aggregates of trapped swarm cells. Around aggregates, cells continue swarming almost unobstructed, while inside, trapped cells are added to the biofilm. While our experimental findings rule out previously suggested purely physical effects as a trigger for biofilm formation, they show how physical processes, such as clustering and jamming, accelerate biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco M. Worlitzer
- Department of Mathematical Modelling and Data Analysis, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Abbestrasse 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ajesh Jose
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Ilana Grinberg
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Markus Bär
- Department of Mathematical Modelling and Data Analysis, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Abbestrasse 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heidenreich
- Department of Mathematical Modelling and Data Analysis, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Abbestrasse 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Avigdor Eldar
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Ariel
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel
- Corresponding author. (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Avraham Be’er
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
- Corresponding author. (G.A.); (A.B.)
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