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Sforzi J, Lanfranco A, Stefania R, Alberti D, Bitonto V, Parisotto S, Renzi P, Protti N, Altieri S, Deagostino A, Geninatti Crich S. A novel pH sensitive theranostic PLGA nanoparticle for boron neutron capture therapy in mesothelioma treatment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:620. [PMID: 36635364 PMCID: PMC9837127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles with an innovative imaging-guided approach based on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for the treatment of mesothelioma. The herein-reported results demonstrate that PLGA nanoparticles incorporating oligo-histidine chains and the dual Gd/B theranostic agent AT101 can successfully be exploited to deliver a therapeutic dose of boron to mesothelioma cells, significantly higher than in healthy mesothelial cells as assessed by ICP-MS and MRI. The selective release is pH responsive taking advantage of the slightly acidic pH of the tumour extracellular environment and triggered by the protonation of imidazole groups of histidine. After irradiation with thermal neutrons, tumoral and healthy cells survival and clonogenic ability were evaluated. Obtained results appear very promising, providing patients affected by this rare disease with an improved therapeutic option, exploiting PLGA nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Sforzi
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Lanfranco
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- grid.16563.370000000121663741Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Bitonto
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Parisotto
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy ,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy ,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Martinho RP, Frydman L. Harnessing Water to Enhance Quadrupolar NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201490. [PMID: 36062375 PMCID: PMC9828088 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
17 O and 14 N are attractive targets for in vivo NMR spectroscopy and imaging, but low gyromagnetic ratios γ and fast spin relaxation complicate observations. This work explores indirect ways of detecting some of these sites with the help of proton-detected double resonance techniques. As standard coherence transfer methods are of limited use for such indirect detection, alternative routes for probing the quadrupolar spectra on 1 H were tested. These centered on modulating the broadening effects imparted onto protons adjacent to the low-γ species through J couplings through either continuous wave or spin-echo double-resonance decoupling/recoupling sequences. As in all cases, the changes imparted by these double-resonance strategies were small due to the fast relaxation undergone by the quadrupoles, the sensitivity of these approaches was amplified by transferring their effects onto the abundant water 1 H signal. These amplifications were mediated by the spontaneous exchanges that the labile 1 Hs bound to 17 O or 14 N undergo with the water protons. In experiments designed on the basis of double-resonance spin echoes, these enhancements were imparted by looping the transverse encodings together with multiple longitudinal storage periods, leading to decoupling-recoupling with exchange (D-REX) sequences. In experiments designed on the basis of continuous on/off quadrupolar decoupling, these solvent exchanges were incorporated into chemical-exchange saturation transfer schemes, leading to decoupling-recoupling with saturation transfer (D-REST) sequences. Both of these variants harnessed sizable proportions of the easily detectable water signals, in order to characterize the NMR spectra and/or to image with atomic-site specificity the 17 O and 14 N species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo P. Martinho
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of Science7610001RehovotIsrael
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of Science7610001RehovotIsrael
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Belorizky E, Fries PH. Nuclear relaxation rate enhancement by a 14N quadrupole nucleus in a fluctuating electric-field gradient. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:184108. [PMID: 34773943 DOI: 10.1063/5.0069362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider the longitudinal quadrupole relaxation rate enhancement (QRE) of a 1H nucleus due to the time fluctuations of the local dipolar magnetic field created by a close quadrupole 14N nucleus, the electric-field gradient (EFG) Hamiltonian of which changes with time because of vibrations/distortions of its chemical environment. The QRE is analytically expressed as a linear combination of the cosine Fourier transforms of the three quantum time auto-correlation functions GAA(t) of the 14N spin components along the principal axes A = X, Y, and Z of the mean (time-averaged) EFG Hamiltonian. Denoting the three transition frequencies between the energy levels of this mean Hamiltonian by νA, the functions GAA(t) oscillate at frequencies νA + sA/(2π) with mono-exponential decays of relaxation times τA, where the frequency dynamic shifts sA and the relaxation times τA are closed expressions of the magnitude of the fluctuations of the instantaneous EFG Hamiltonian about its mean and of the characteristic fluctuation time. Thus, the theoretical QRE is the sum of three Lorentzian peaks centered at νA + sA/(2π) with full widths at half maxima 1/(πτA). The predicted peak widths are nearly equal. The predicted dynamic shifts of the peaks are much smaller than their widths and amazingly keep proportional to the transition frequencies νA for reasonably fast EFG fluctuations. The theory is further improved by correcting the transition frequencies by the 14N Zeeman effects of second order. It is successfully applied to reinterpret the QRE pattern measured by Broche, Ashcroft, and Lurie [Magn. Reson. Med. 68, 358 (2012)] in normal cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Belorizky
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti-DSYS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal H Fries
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-MEM, 38000 Grenoble, France
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