1
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Gonzalez Solveyra E, Perez Sirkin YA, Tagliazucchi M, Szleifer I. Orientational Pathways during Protein Translocation through Polymer-Modified Nanopores. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10427-10438. [PMID: 38556978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Protein translocation through nanopores holds significant promise for applications in biotechnology, biomolecular analysis, and medicine. However, the interpretation of signals generated by the translocation of the protein remains challenging. In this way, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding on how macromolecules translocate through a nanopore and to identify what are the critical parameters that govern the process. In this study, we investigate the interplay between protein charge regulation, orientation, and nanopore surface modifications using a theoretical framework that allows us to explicitly take into account the acid-base reactions of the titrable amino acids in the proteins and in the polyelectrolytes grafted to the nanopore surface. Our goal is to thoroughly characterize the translocation process of different proteins (GFP, β-lactoglobulin, lysozyme, and RNase) through nanopores modified with weak polyacids. Our calculations show that the charge regulation mechanism exerts a profound effect on the translocation process. The pH-dependent interactions between proteins and charged polymers within the nanopore lead to diverse free energy landscapes with barriers, wells, and flat regions dictating translocation efficiency. Comparison of different proteins allows us to identify the significance of protein isoelectric point, size, and morphology in the translocation behavior. Taking advantage of these insights, we propose pH-responsive nanopores that can load proteins at one pH and release them at another, offering opportunities for controlled protein delivery, separation, and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Gonzalez Solveyra
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650, Argentina
| | - Yamila A Perez Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica Analítica y Química Física y CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Química de los Materiales, Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE). Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica Analítica y Química Física y CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Química de los Materiales, Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE). Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Igal Szleifer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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Bagherabadi M, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Ultrashort Peptide Grafting on Mesoporous Films and Its Impact on Ionic Mesopore Accessibility. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4245-4254. [PMID: 38346012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
An approach for direct in-pore solid-phase ultrashort peptide synthesis on mesoporous films using the amino acids arginine, leucine, and glycine is presented. Although the number of grafted amino acids remains low, the ionic mesopore accessibility can be gradually adjusted. The addition of arginine in up to five reaction cycles leads to a progressive increase in positive mesopore charge density, which gradually increases the anionic mesopore accessibility at acidic pH. At basic pH, the remaining silanol groups at the pore wall still dominate counter-charged cation mesopore accessibility. Thus, specific peptide sequence design is demonstrated to be a sensitive tool for molecular transport control in nanoscale pores. Overall, the direct in-pore solid-phase ultrashort peptide synthesis on mesoporous films using the sequences of different amino acids opens up exciting opportunities for the development of innovative materials with precisely tailored properties and functions based on specific peptide sequence design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Bagherabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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3
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Varol HS, Herberger T, Kirsch M, Mikolei J, Veith L, Kannan-Sampathkumar V, Brand RD, Synatschke CV, Weil T, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Electropolymerization of Polydopamine at Electrode-Supported Insulating Mesoporous Films. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:9192-9207. [PMID: 38027541 PMCID: PMC10653081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired, stimuli-responsive, polymer-functionalized mesoporous films are promising platforms for precisely regulating nanopore transport toward applications in water management, iontronics, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, or energy conversion. Nanopore technologies still require new, facile, and effective nanopore functionalization with multi- and stimuli-responsive polymers to reach these complicated application targets. In recent years, zwitterionic and multifunctional polydopamine (PDA) films deposited on planar surfaces by electropolymerization have helped surfaces respond to various external stimuli such as light, temperature, moisture, and pH. However, PDA has not been used to functionalize nanoporous films, where the PDA-coating could locally regulate the ionic nanopore transport. This study investigates the electropolymerization of homogeneous thin PDA films to functionalize nanopores of mesoporous silica films. We investigate the effect of different mesoporous film structures and the number of electropolymerization cycles on the presence of PDA at mesopores and mesoporous film surfaces. Our spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical analysis reveals that the amount and location (pores and surface) of deposited PDA at mesoporous films is related to the combination of the number of electropolymerization cycles and the mesoporous film thickness and pore size. In view of the application of the proposed PDA-functionalized mesoporous films in areas requiring ion transport control, we studied the ion nanopore transport of the films by cyclic voltammetry. We realized that the amount of PDA in the nanopores helps to limit the overall ionic transport, while the pH-dependent transport mechanism of pristine silica films remains unchanged. It was found that (i) the pH-dependent deprotonation of PDA and silica walls and (ii) the insulation of the indium-tin oxide (ITO) surface by increasing the amount of PDA within the mesoporous silica film affect the ionic nanopore transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Samet Varol
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician″, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tilmann Herberger
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marius Kirsch
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Joanna Mikolei
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lothar Veith
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Raoul D. Brand
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Weil
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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4
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Despot L, Hinduja C, Lehn R, Mikolei J, Richter T, Köbschall K, Stanzel M, Berger R, Hussong J, Ceolín M, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Molecular transport and water condensation inside mesopores with wettability step gradients. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6123-6134. [PMID: 37941961 PMCID: PMC10628989 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00594a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The wettabilities of nanoscale porous surfaces play important roles in the context of molecular and fluid transport or oil-water separation. The wettability pattern along a nanopore strongly influences fluid distribution throughout the membrane. Mesoporous silica thin films with gradually adjusted wettabilities were fabricated via cocondensation. With consecutive mesoporous layer depositions, double-layer mesoporous silica films with asymmetric or so-called Janus wettability patterns were generated. The effects of these wetting gradients on mass transport, water imbibition, and water vapor condensation were investigated with ellipsometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV), drop friction force instrument (DoFFIs), fluorescence microscopy and interferometry. By increasing the film thickness of the hydrophobic mesoporous silica top layer deposited on a hydrophilic mesoporous silica layer up to 205 nm, molecular transport through both the layers was prevented. However, water was observed to condense onto the bottom layer, and transport occurred for thinner top layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Despot
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Chirag Hinduja
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Robert Lehn
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Joanna Mikolei
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Timo Richter
- Institut für Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 10 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Kilian Köbschall
- Institut für Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 10 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Mathias Stanzel
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Jeanette Hussong
- Institut für Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 10 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Marcelo Ceolín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET Diag. 113 y 64 (1900) La Plata Argentina
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany
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5
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Wu X, Ren N, Tong G, Zhu X. Surface Chain-Transfer Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15740-15747. [PMID: 37901940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is a powerful method to graft various types of polymer chains to a given surface. While surface-initiated ROMP (SI-ROMP) serves as an efficient tool for surface modification and is therefore widely reported, the method requires grafting (1) the olefin substrate and (2) the metathesis catalyst to the surface prior to the polymerization with multiple synthetic and work up steps. To overcome this difficulty, we proposed the use of the chain-transfer reaction as an alternative method for surface modification. Terminal olefins are grafted to the surface without the need to graft the metathesis catalysts, and polymers with olefin backbones are polymerized and grafted simultaneously via both ROMP and chain transfer (cross-metathesis between olefins from backbones and surfaces). Compared to SI-ROMP, this surface-chain transfer ROMP (SC-ROMP) method avoids grafting the catalyst and growing polymer chains from the surface and could be achieved in a single step. Various types of surfaces like carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene nanosheets, and silica microspheres are used for demonstration. We envision that this work could bring a convenient and effective solution to surface modification via ROMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ning Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gangsheng Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer Co. Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Specialized Polymer Materials for Aerospace, 100 Huaning Road, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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6
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Wei X, Penkauskas T, Reiner JE, Kennard C, Uline MJ, Wang Q, Li S, Aksimentiev A, Robertson JW, Liu C. Engineering Biological Nanopore Approaches toward Protein Sequencing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16369-16395. [PMID: 37490313 PMCID: PMC10676712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological innovations have vastly improved the capacity to perform large-scale protein studies, while the methods we have for identifying and quantifying individual proteins are still inadequate to perform protein sequencing at the single-molecule level. Nanopore-inspired systems devoted to understanding how single molecules behave have been extensively developed for applications in genome sequencing. These nanopore systems are emerging as prominent tools for protein identification, detection, and analysis, suggesting realistic prospects for novel protein sequencing. This review summarizes recent advances in biological nanopore sensors toward protein sequencing, from the identification of individual amino acids to the controlled translocation of peptides and proteins, with attention focused on device and algorithm development and the delineation of molecular mechanisms with the aid of simulations. Specifically, the review aims to offer recommendations for the advancement of nanopore-based protein sequencing from an engineering perspective, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts across multiple disciplines. These efforts should include chemical conjugation, protein engineering, molecular simulation, machine-learning-assisted identification, and electronic device fabrication to enable practical implementation in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Tadas Penkauskas
- Biophysics and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Joseph E. Reiner
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Celeste Kennard
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Mark J. Uline
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sheng Li
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joseph W.F. Robertson
- Biophysics and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
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7
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Criado-Gonzalez M, Bondi L, Marzuoli C, Gutierrez-Fernandez E, Tullii G, Ronchi C, Gabirondo E, Sardon H, Rapino S, Malferrari M, Cramer T, Antognazza MR, Mecerreyes D. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoporous Thin Films as a Tool to Regulate Intracellular ROS Balance in Endothelial Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37467460 PMCID: PMC10401575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The design of soft and nanometer-scale photoelectrodes able to stimulate and promote the intracellular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is searched for redox medicine applications. In this work, we show semiconducting polymer porous thin films with an enhanced photoelectrochemical generation of ROS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To achieve that aim, we synthesized graft copolymers, made of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and degradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) segments, P3HT-g-PLA. In a second step, the hydrolysis of sacrificial PLA leads to nanometer-scale porous P3HT thin films. The pore sizes in the nm regime (220-1200 nm) were controlled by the copolymer composition and the structural arrangement of the copolymers during the film formation, as determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The porous P3HT thin films showed enhanced photofaradaic behavior, generating a higher concentration of ROS in comparison to non-porous P3HT films, as determined by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) measurements. The exogenous ROS production was able to modulate the intracellular ROS concentration in HUVECs at non-toxic levels, thus affecting the physiological functions of cells. Results presented in this work provide an important step forward in the development of new tools for precise, on-demand, and non-invasive modulation of intracellular ROS species and may be potentially extended to many other physiological or pathological cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luca Bondi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Marzuoli
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Raffaele Rubattino 81, 20134 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Edgar Gutierrez-Fernandez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- XMaS/BM28-ESRF, 71 Avenue Des Martyrs, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Gabriele Tullii
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Raffaele Rubattino 81, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ronchi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Raffaele Rubattino 81, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Gabirondo
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Stefania Rapino
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Malferrari
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tobias Cramer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Raffaele Rubattino 81, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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8
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Mikolei JJ, Richter D, Pardehkhorram R, Helbrecht C, Schabel S, Meckel T, Biesalski M, Ceolin M, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Nanoscale pores introduced into paper via mesoporous silica coatings using sol-gel chemistry. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:9094-9105. [PMID: 37129421 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01247f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesopores, with diameters between 2 and 50 nm, not only increase the specific surface area, but also generate hierarchically porous materials with specific properties such as capillary fluid transport, ion specific pore accessibility, or size exclusion. Paper is a strongly hierarchical, porous material with specific properties, such as capillary force-driven fluid transport. However, paper fibers change their morphology during the initial step of wood disintegration. This results in changes of the porous fiber structure. In particular paper fibers loose their mesopores during the final drying step in the fabrication process. Here, we investigate silica mesopore formation in paper by sol-gel chemistry and evaporation induced self-assembly to specifically introduce and rationally design mesopore formation and distribution in cotton linter and eucalyptus sulfate paper sheets. We demonstrate the importance of synchronizing the solvent evaporation rate and capillary fluid velocity to ensure mesopore formation as well as the influence of the fiber type and sol-gel solution composition. The combination of argon and krypton sorption, SAXS, TEM and CLSM provides systematic analysis of the porous structure and the silica distribution along the cellulose paper fiber length and cross-section. These results provide a deeper understanding of mesopore formation in paper and how the latter is influenced by paper fluidic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Mikolei
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - D Richter
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - R Pardehkhorram
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - C Helbrecht
- Paper Technology and Mechanical Process Engineering; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alexanderstraße 8, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Schabel
- Paper Technology and Mechanical Process Engineering; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alexanderstraße 8, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Meckel
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular and Paper Chemistry; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Biesalski
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular and Paper Chemistry; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Ceolin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, Diag. 113 y 64 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - A Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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9
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Yi W, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Lu Y, Yi L, Wang X. Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensing of Single Entities. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:13. [PMID: 37103594 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores/nanochannels, with their high stability, tunable geometry, and controllable surface chemistry, have recently become an important tool for constructing biosensors. Compared with traditional biosensors, biosensors constructed with solid-state nanopores/nanochannels exhibit significant advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, and high spatiotemporal resolution in the detection single entities (such as single molecules, single particles, and single cells) due to their unique nanoconfined space-induced target enrichment effect. Generally, the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel modification method is the inner wall modification, and the detection principles are the resistive pulse method and the steady-state ion current method. During the detection process, solid-state nanopore/nanochannel is easily blocked by single entities, and interfering substances easily enter the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel to generate interference signals, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. In addition, the problem of low flux in the detection process of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, these defects limit the application of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel. In this review, we introduce the preparation and functionalization of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, the research progress in the field of single entities sensing, and the novel sensing strategies on solving the above problems in solid-state nanopore/nanochannel single-entity sensing. At the same time, the challenges and prospects of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel for single-entity electrochemical sensing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yi
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianchun Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yebo Lu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lanhua Yi
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Pan W, You R, Zhang S, Chang Y, Zhou F, Li Q, Chen X, Duan X, Han Z. Tunable nanochannel resistive pulse sensing device using a novel multi-module self-assembly. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1251:341035. [PMID: 36925301 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanochannel-based resistive pulse sensing (nano-RPS) system is widely used for the high-sensitive measurement and characterization of nanoscale biological particles and biomolecules due to its high surface to volume ratio. However, the geometric dimensions and surface properties of nanochannel are usually fixed, which limit the detections within particular ranges or types of nanoparticles. In order to improve the flexibility of nano-RPS system, it is of great significance to develop nanochannels with tunable dimensions and surface properties. In this work, we proposed a novel multi-module self-assembly (MS) strategy which allows to shrink the geometric dimensions and tune surface properties of the nanochannels simultaneously. The MS-tuned nano-RPS device exhibits an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for nanoparticle detections after shrunk the geometric dimensions by MS strategy. Meanwhile, by tuning the surface charge, an enhanced resolution for viral particles detection was achieved with the MS-tuned nano-RPS devices by analyzing the variation of pulse width due the tuned surface charge. The proposed MS strategy is versatile for various types of surface materials and can be potentially applied for nanoscale surface reconfiguration in various nanofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rui You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuaihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ye Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Quanning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Ziyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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11
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Förster C, Lehn R, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Automated Multi- and Block-Copolymer Writing in Mesoporous Films Using Visible-Light PET-RAFT and a Microscope. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207762. [PMID: 36651003 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For high throughput applications, e.g., in the context of sensing especially when being combined with machine learning, large sample numbers in acceptable production time are required. This needs automated synthesis and material functionalization concepts ideally combined with high precision. To automate sensing relevant mesopore polymer functionalization while being highly precise in polymer placement, polymer amount control, and polymer sequence design, a process for polymer writing in mesoporous silica films with pore diameter in the range of 13 nm is developed. Mesoporous films are functionalized with different polymers in adjustable polymer amount including block-copolymer functionalization in an automated process using a visible-light induced, controlled photo electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. While transferring this PET-RAFT to a commercially available microscope, direct, automated laser writing of three different polymers, as well as polymer re-initiation is demonstrated. Using a laser diameter of ≈72 µm, significantly smaller polymer spots of ≈7 µm in diameter are realized. Micrometerscale resolved polymer images including block-copolymers are written into mesoporous layers covering millimeter scale areas requiring a writing time in the range of one second per polymer spot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Förster
- Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Lehn
- Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
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12
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Singh SL, Chauhan K, Bharadwaj AS, Kishore V, Laux P, Luch A, Singh AV. Polymer Translocation and Nanopore Sequencing: A Review of Advances and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6153. [PMID: 37047125 PMCID: PMC10094227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various biological processes involve the translocation of macromolecules across nanopores; these pores are basically protein channels embedded in membranes. Understanding the mechanism of translocation is crucial to a range of technological applications, including DNA sequencing, single molecule detection, and controlled drug delivery. In this spirit, numerous efforts have been made to develop polymer translocation-based sequencing devices, these efforts include findings and insights from theoretical modeling, simulations, and experimental studies. As much as the past and ongoing studies have added to the knowledge, the practical realization of low-cost, high-throughput sequencing devices, however, has still not been realized. There are challenges, the foremost of which is controlling the speed of translocation at the single monomer level, which remain to be addressed in order to use polymer translocation-based methods for sensing applications. In this article, we review the recent studies aimed at developing control over the dynamics of polymer translocation through nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarn Lata Singh
- Department of Physics, Mahila Mahavidyalaya (MMV), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Keerti Chauhan
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Atul S. Bharadwaj
- Department of Physics, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, UP, India
| | - Vimal Kishore
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Peter Laux
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR) Maxdohrnstrasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR) Maxdohrnstrasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR) Maxdohrnstrasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Förster C, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Recent developments in visible light induced polymerization towards its application to nanopores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1554-1568. [PMID: 36655782 PMCID: PMC9904278 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Visible light induced polymerizations are a strongly emerging field in recent years. Besides the often mild reaction conditions, visible light offers advantages of spatial and temporal control over chain growth, which makes visible light ideal for functionalization of surfaces and more specifically of nanoscale pores. Current challenges in nanopore functionalization include, in particular, local and highly controlled polymer functionalizations. Using spatially limited light sources such as lasers or near field modes for light-induced polymer functionalization is envisioned to allow local functionalization of nanopores and thereby improve nanoporous material performance. These light sources are usually providing visible light while classical photopolymerizations are mostly based on UV-irradiation. In this review, we highlight developments in visible light induced polymerizations and especially in visible light induced controlled polymerizations as well as their potential for nanopore functionalization. Existing examples of visible light induced polymerizations in nanopores are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Förster
- Macromolecular Chemistry – Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermanyannette.andrieu-brunsen@.tu-darmstadt.de
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Macromolecular Chemistry – Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermanyannette.andrieu-brunsen@.tu-darmstadt.de
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14
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Förster C, Veith L, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Visible light induced RAFT for asymmetric functionalization of silica mesopores. RSC Adv 2022; 12:27109-27113. [PMID: 36276013 PMCID: PMC9501659 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One key feature for bioinspired transport design through nanoscale pores is nanolocal, asymmetric as well as multifunctional nanopore functionalization. Here, we use a visible-light induced, controlled photo electron/energy transfer-reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization for asymmetric polymer placement into mesoporous silica thin films including asymmetric polymer sequence design. We report the asymmetric silica mesopore functionalization and local polymer sequence control of orthogonally charged stimuli-responsive polymers and their influence on ionic transport.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Förster
- Macromolecular Chemistry–Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, German
| | - Lothar Veith
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Macromolecular Chemistry–Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, German
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