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Choi S, Yoon KY, Dong G. Modular Synthetic Platform for Interior-Functionalized Dendritic Macromolecules Enabled by the Palladium/Norbornene Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18855-18860. [PMID: 38949482 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis of interior-functionalized dendritic macromolecules is generally tedious and labor-intensive, which has been a key factor hampering their practical applications. Here, we have revisited this long-standing challenge and devised a modular and convergent platform to synthesize multifunctional dendrons with all-carbon backbones up to four generations via an in situ functionalization strategy. Enabled by the palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis, different functional groups can be introduced to each generation of dendrons during the dendron growth, making it convenient for systematic comparison of their properties. The utility of this versatile platform is further showcased in the internal-functionalization-dependent properties of dendrons as organogels and aggregation-induced emission materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ki-Young Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Iguarbe V, Romero P, Elduque A, Giménez R. Silver Dendritic Gels with Luminescence and Aggregation-Induced Emission Effect. Gels 2024; 10:291. [PMID: 38786209 PMCID: PMC11120864 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This work reports on a novel family of silver metallogels based on discrete coordination complexes. Structurally, they consist of dendrimers containing a trinuclear silver metallacycle at the core, with the general formula [M(μ-pz)]3, and poly(benzyl)ether branched structures with different numbers or terminal alkoxy chains at the periphery. These silver metallodendrimers are able to gel low-polarity solvents such as dodecane or cyclohexane, giving rise to luminescent organogels at room temperature with the property of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). This property means that in solution or the sol state, they are weak emitters, but in the gel state, luminescence is considerably increased. In this particular case, they exhibit blue luminescence. Two different dendritic scaffolds have been studied, finding significant differences in solubility, gel formation and dependence of luminescence on temperature. The results show that properly tailored silver gelators can show luminescence in the gel state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Iguarbe
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Romero
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Anabel Elduque
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Giménez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Pérez-Ferreiro M, M. Abelairas A, Criado A, Gómez IJ, Mosquera J. Dendrimers: Exploring Their Wide Structural Variety and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4369. [PMID: 38006093 PMCID: PMC10674315 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers constitute a distinctive category of synthetic materials that bear resemblance to proteins in various aspects, such as discrete structural organization, globular morphology, and nanoscale dimensions. Remarkably, these attributes coexist with the capacity for facile large-scale production. Due to these advantages, the realm of dendrimers has undergone substantial advancement since their inception in the 1980s. Numerous reviews have been dedicated to elucidating this subject comprehensively, delving into the properties and applications of quintessential dendrimer varieties like PAMAM, PPI, and others. Nevertheless, the contemporary landscape of dendrimers transcends these early paradigms, witnessing the emergence of a diverse array of novel dendritic architectures in recent years. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive panorama of the expansive domain of dendrimers. As such, our focus lies in discussing the key attributes and applications of the predominant types of dendrimers existing today. We will commence with the conventional variants and progressively delve into the more pioneering ones, including Janus, supramolecular, shape-persistent, and rotaxane dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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Wang FP, Guan Y, Liu JW, Cheng H, Hu R. A functional nucleic acid-based fluorescence sensing platform based on DNA supersandwich nanowires and cation exchange reaction. Analyst 2023; 148:5033-5040. [PMID: 37667620 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01122d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and sensitive analysis of p53 DNA is important for early diagnosis of cancer. In this work, a fluorescence sensing system based on DNA supersandwich nanowires and cation exchange (CX)-triggered multiplex signal amplification was constructed for the detection of p53 DNA. In the presence of p53 DNA, the DNA self-assembles to form a DNA supersandwich nanowire that generates long double-stranded DNA. Subsequently, the cation exchange (CX) reaction between ZnS and Ag+ was utilized to release free Zn2+. With the participation of Zn2+, DNAzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of numerous catalytic molecular beacons, resulting in a greatly enhanced fluorescence signal due to the cycling of DNAzyme. The fluorescence values increased in proportion to the concentrations of p53 DNA in the range of 10 pM to 200 nM, and a detection limit (LOD) of 2.34 pM (S/N = 3) was obtained. This method provides an effective strategy for the quantitative detection of p53 DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Peng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Wen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Rong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
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Liu Z, Zhao X, Chu Q, Feng Y. Recent Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Metallogels. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052274. [PMID: 36903517 PMCID: PMC10005064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, stimuli-responsive supramolecular gels have received significant attention because their properties can be modulated through external stimuli such as heat, light, electricity, magnetic fields, mechanical stress, pH, ions, chemicals and enzymes. Among these gels, stimuli-responsive supramolecular metallogels have shown promising applications in material science because of their fascinating redox, optical, electronic and magnetic properties. In this review, research progress on stimuli-responsive supramolecular metallogels in recent years is systematically summarized. According to external stimulus sources, stimuli-responsive supramolecular metallogels, including chemical, physical and multiple stimuli-responsive metallogels, are discussed separately. Moreover, challenges, suggestions and opportunities regarding the development of novel stimuli-responsive metallogels are presented. We believe the knowledge and inspiration gained from this review will deepen the current understanding of stimuli-responsive smart metallogels and encourage more scientists to provide valuable contributions to this topic in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Qingkai Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (Y.F.)
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Iguarbe V, Romero P, Barberá J, Elduque A, Giménez R. Dual liquid Crystalline/Gel behavior with AIE effect promoted by Self-assembly of pyrazole dendrons. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Liu Z, Chu Q, Feng Y. Progress in Stimulus-Responsive Dendritic Gels ※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22080363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rajasekar M, Sree Agash SG, Rajasekar K. Review of photoresponsive and glycoside dendrimers in biomaterials and sensors applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35123-35150. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06563k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are branched molecules with well-defined lengths, shapes, molecular weights, and monodispersity in comparison to linear polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Rajasekar
- Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Geetha Sree Agash
- Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumarasan Rajasekar
- Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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