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Thayer KM, Stetson S, Caballero F, Chiu C, Han ISM. Navigating the complexity of p53-DNA binding: implications for cancer therapy. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:479-496. [PMID: 39309126 PMCID: PMC11415564 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-024-01207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Abstract The tumor suppressor protein p53, a transcription factor playing a key role in cancer prevention, interacts with DNA as its primary means of determining cell fate in the event of DNA damage. When it becomes mutated, it opens damaged cells to the possibility of reproducing unchecked, which can lead to formation of cancerous tumors. Despite its critical role, therapies at the molecular level to restore p53 native function remain elusive, due to its complex nature. Nevertheless, considerable information has been amassed, and new means of investigating the problem have become available. Objectives We consider structural, biophysical, and bioinformatic insights and their implications for the role of direct and indirect readout and how they contribute to binding site recognition, particularly those of low consensus. We then pivot to consider advances in computational approaches to drug discovery. Materials and methods We have conducted a review of recent literature pertinent to the p53 protein. Results Considerable literature corroborates the idea that p53 is a complex allosteric protein that discriminates its binding sites not only via consensus sequence through direct H-bond contacts, but also a complex combination of factors involving the flexibility of the binding site. New computational methods have emerged capable of capturing such information, which can then be utilized as input to machine learning algorithms towards the goal of more intelligent and efficient de novo allosteric drug design. Conclusions Recent improvements in machine learning coupled with graph theory and sector analysis hold promise for advances to more intelligently design allosteric effectors that may be able to restore native p53-DNA binding activity to mutant proteins. Clinical relevance The ideas brought to light by this review constitute a significant advance that can be applied to ongoing biophysical studies of drugs for p53, paving the way for the continued development of new methodologies for allosteric drugs. Our discoveries hold promise to provide molecular therapeutics which restore p53 native activity, thereby offering new insights for cancer therapies. Graphical Abstract Structural representation of the p53 DBD (PDBID 1TUP). DNA consensus sequence is shown in gray, and the protein is shown in blue. Red beads indicate hotspot residue mutations, green beads represent DNA interacting residues, and yellow beads represent both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Thayer
- College of Integrative Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
- Molecular Biophysics Program, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
| | - Sean Stetson
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
| | - Fernando Caballero
- College of Integrative Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
| | - Christopher Chiu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
| | - In Sub Mark Han
- Molecular Biophysics Program, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457 USA
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Klett T, Schwer M, Ernst LN, Engelhardt MU, Jaag SJ, Masberg B, Knappe C, Lämmerhofer M, Gehringer M, Boeckler FM. Evaluation of a Covalent Library of Diverse Warheads (CovLib) Binding to JNK3, USP7, or p53. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2653-2679. [PMID: 38974119 PMCID: PMC11226190 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s466829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Over the last few years, covalent fragment-based drug discovery has gained significant importance. Thus, striving for more warhead diversity, we conceived a library consisting of 20 covalently reacting compounds. Our covalent fragment library (CovLib) contains four different warhead classes, including five α-cyanoacacrylamides/acrylates (CA), three epoxides (EO), four vinyl sulfones (VS), and eight electron-deficient heteroarenes with a leaving group (SNAr/SN). Methods After predicting the theoretical solubility of the fragments by LogP and LogS during the selection process, we determined their experimental solubility using a turbidimetric solubility assay. The reactivities of the different compounds were measured in a high-throughput 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) DTNB assay, followed by a (glutathione) GSH stability assay. We employed the CovLib in a (differential scanning fluorimetry) DSF-based screening against different targets: c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7), and the tumor suppressor p53. Finally, the covalent binding was confirmed by intact protein mass spectrometry (MS). Results In general, the purchased fragments turned out to be sufficiently soluble. Additionally, they covered a broad spectrum of reactivity. All investigated α-cyanoacrylamides/acrylates and all structurally confirmed epoxides turned out to be less reactive compounds, possibly due to steric hindrance and reversibility (for α-cyanoacrylamides/acrylates). The SNAr and vinyl sulfone fragments are either highly reactive or stable. DSF measurements with the different targets JNK3, USP7, and p53 identified reactive fragment hits causing a shift in the melting temperatures of the proteins. MS confirmed the covalent binding mode of all these fragments to USP7 and p53, while additionally identifying the SNAr-type electrophile SN002 as a mildly reactive covalent hit for p53. Conclusion The screening and target evaluation of the CovLib revealed first interesting hits. The highly cysteine-reactive fragments VS004, SN001, SN006, and SN007 covalently modify several target proteins and showed distinct shifts in the melting temperatures up to +5.1 °C and -9.1 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Klett
- Laboratory for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Martin Schwer
- Laboratory for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Larissa N Ernst
- Laboratory for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Marc U Engelhardt
- Laboratory for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Simon J Jaag
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-) Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Benedikt Masberg
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-) Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knappe
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-) Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-) Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehringer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Frank M Boeckler
- Laboratory for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Biomedical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
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3
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Woodhead AJ, Erlanson DA, de Esch IJP, Holvey RS, Jahnke W, Pathuri P. Fragment-to-Lead Medicinal Chemistry Publications in 2022. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2287-2304. [PMID: 38289623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This Perspective is the eighth in an annual series that summarizes successful fragment-to-lead (F2L) case studies published each year. A tabulated summary of relevant articles published in 2022 is provided, and features such as target class, screening methods, and ligand efficiency are discussed both for the 2022 examples and for the combined examples over the years 2015-2022. In addition, trends and new developments in the field are summarized. In 2022, 18 publications described successful fragment-to-lead studies, including the development of three clinical compounds (MTRX1719, MK-8189, and BI-823911).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Woodhead
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A Erlanson
- Frontier Medicines, 151 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rhian S Holvey
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Biomedical Research, Discovery Sciences, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Puja Pathuri
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recent developments in molecular modeling tools and applications related to pharmaceutical and biomedical research. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115836. [PMID: 37939549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In modern pharmaceutical and biomedical research, molecular modeling represents a useful tool to explore processes and their mechanistic bases at the molecular level. Integrating experimental and virtual analysis is a fruitful approach to study ligand-receptor interaction in chemical, biochemical and biological environments. In these fields, molecular docking and molecular dynamics are considered privileged techniques for modeling (bio)macromolecules and related complexes. This review aims to present the current landscape of molecular modeling in pharmaceutical and biomedical research by examining selected representative applications published in the last years and highlighting current topics and trends of this field. Thus, a systematic compilation of all published literature has not been attempted herein. After a brief overview of the main theoretical and computational tools used to investigate mechanisms at molecular level, recent applications of molecular modeling in drug discovery, ligand binding and for studying protein conformation and function will be discussed. Furthermore, specific sections will be devoted to the application of molecular modeling for unravelling enantioselective mechanisms underlying the enantioseparation of chiral compounds of pharmaceutical and biomedical interest as well as for studying new forms of noncovalent interactivity identified in biochemical and biological environments. The general aim of this review is to provide the reader with a modern overview of the topic, highlighting advancements and outlooks as well as drawbacks and pitfalls still affecting the applicability of theoretical and computational methods in the field of pharmaceutical and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Vaas S, Zimmermann MO, Schollmeyer D, Stahlecker J, Engelhardt MU, Rheinganz J, Drotleff B, Olfert M, Lämmerhofer M, Kramer M, Stehle T, Boeckler FM. Principles and Applications of CF 2X Moieties as Unconventional Halogen Bond Donors in Medicinal Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10202-10225. [PMID: 37487500 PMCID: PMC10424184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
As an orthogonal principle to the established (hetero)aryl halides, we herein highlight the usefulness of CF2X (X = Cl, Br, or I) moieties. Using tool compounds bearing CF2X moieties, we study their chemical/metabolic stability and their logP/solubility, as well as the role of XB in their small molecular crystal structures. Employing QM techniques, we analyze the observed interactions, provide insights into the conformational flexibilities and preferences in the potential interaction space. For their application in molecular design, we characterize their XB donor capacities and its interaction strength dependent on geometric parameters. Implementation of CF2X acetamides into our HEFLibs and biophysical evaluation (STD-NMR/ITC), followed by X-ray analysis, reveals a highly interesting binding mode for fragment 23 in JNK3, featuring an XB of CF2Br toward the P-loop, as well as chalcogen bonds. We suggest that underexplored chemical space combined with unconventional binding modes provides excellent opportunities for patentable chemotypes for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vaas
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus O. Zimmermann
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jason Stahlecker
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc U. Engelhardt
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Janosch Rheinganz
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Drotleff
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Olfert
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Kramer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität
Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty
Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank M. Boeckler
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute
for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Vaas S, Zimmermann MO, Klett T, Boeckler FM. Synthesis of Amino Acids Bearing Halodifluoromethyl Moieties and Their Application to p53-Derived Peptides Binding to Mdm2/Mdm4. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1247-1274. [PMID: 37128274 PMCID: PMC10148652 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s406703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Therapeutic peptides are a significant class of drugs in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. To enhance their properties, such as stability or binding affinity, they are usually chemically modified. This includes, among other techniques, cyclization of the peptide chain by bridging, modifications to the backbone, and incorporation of unnatural amino acids. One approach previously established, is the use of halogenated aromatic amino acids. In principle, they are thereby enabled to form halogen bonds (XB). In this study, we focus on the -R-CF2X moiety (R = O, NHCO; X = Cl, Br) as an uncommon halogen bond donor. These groups enable more spatial variability in protein-protein interactions. The chosen approach via Fmoc-protected building blocks allows for the incorporation of these modified amino acids in peptides using solid-phase peptide synthesis. Results and Discussion Using a competitive fluorescence polarization assay to monitor binding to Mdm4, we demonstrate that a p53-derived peptide with Lys24Nle(εNHCOCF2X) exhibits an improved inhibition constant Ki compared to the unmodified peptide. Decreasing Ki values observed with the increasing XB capacity of the halogen atoms (F ≪ Cl < Br) indicates the formation of a halogen bond. By reducing the side chain length of Nle(εNHCOCF2X) to Abu(γNHCOCF2X) as control experiments and through quantum mechanical calculations, we suggest that the observed affinity enhancement is related to halogen bond-induced intramolecular stabilization of the α-helical binding mode of the peptide or a direct interaction with His54 in human Mdm4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vaas
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Markus O Zimmermann
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Theresa Klett
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Frank M Boeckler
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Correspondence: Frank M Boeckler, Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8 (Haus B), Tübingen, D-72076, Germany, Tel +49 7071 29 74567, Fax +49 7071 29 5637, Email
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Ábrányi-Balogh P, Keeley A, Ferenczy GG, Petri L, Imre T, Grabrijan K, Hrast M, Knez D, Ilaš J, Gobec S, Keserű GM. Next-Generation Heterocyclic Electrophiles as Small-Molecule Covalent MurA Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121484. [PMID: 36558935 PMCID: PMC9781958 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic electrophiles as small covalent fragments showed promising inhibitory activity on the antibacterial target MurA (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase, EC:2.5.1.7). Here, we report the second generation of heterocyclic electrophiles: the quaternized analogue of the heterocyclic covalent fragment library with improved reactivity and MurA inhibitory potency. Quantum chemical reaction barrier calculations, GSH (L-glutathione) reactivity assay, and thrombin counter screen were also used to demonstrate and explain the improved reactivity and selectivity of the N-methylated heterocycles and to compare the two generations of heterocyclic electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aaron Keeley
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György G. Ferenczy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Petri
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Imre
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MS Metabolomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katarina Grabrijan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Hrast
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ilaš
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - György M. Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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