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Kong Y, Jiang B, Tian Y, Liu R, Shaik F. Tailoring vinegar residue-derived all-carbon electrodes for efficient electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction to formate through heteroatom doping and defect enrichment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:283-297. [PMID: 39029254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (ECO2R) to formate is the most technically and economically feasible approach to achieve electrochemical CO2 value addition. Here, a few-layer graphene is prepared from vinegar residue. Then a series of heteroatom-doped vertical graphene electrodes (X-rGO, X=P/S/N/B/, NS/NP/NB, NSP/NSB/NPB/NSPB) are prepared. The NS-rGO has improved ECO2R to formate selectivity (Faraday Efficiency (FEHCOO-) = 78.7 %) thanks to the synergistic effect between N and S. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are introduced into the electrode, the doped heteroatoms are further removed by high-temperature to form the defects-rich electrode (NS-CQDs-rGO-1100), which has better catalytic performance (FEHCOO-=90 %, stability over 10 h) with electrochemical double layer capacitance of 12.5 mF cm-2. The intrinsic effect of heteroatom doping and defects on the ECO2R activity of the electrodes are explored by density functional theory calculation. This work broadens the field of preparation of graphene and opens the door to the development of cost-effective electrocatalysts for efficient ECO2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kong
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, and College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, and College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality Technology, Carbon Neutrality College (YULIN), Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuchen Tian
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, and College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, and College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Firdoz Shaik
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology, and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, India
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Wang Q, Bao T, Zhao X, Cao Y, Cao J, Li Q, Si W. Bi/CeO 2-Decorated CuS Electrocatalysts for CO 2-to-Formate Conversion. Molecules 2024; 29:2948. [PMID: 38998900 PMCID: PMC11243283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29132948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reaction (CO2RR) is extensively regarded as a promising strategy to reach carbon neutralization. Copper sulfide (CuS) has been widely studied for its ability to produce C1 products with high selectivity. However, challenges still remain owing to the poor selectivity of formate. Here, a Bi/CeO2/CuS composite was synthesized using a simple solvothermal method. Bi/CeO2-decorated CuS possessed high formate selectivity, with the Faraday efficiency and current density reaching 88% and 17 mA cm-2, respectively, in an H-cell. The Bi/CeO2/CuS structure significantly reduces the energy barrier formed by OCHO*, resulting in the high activity and selectivity of the CO2 conversion to formate. Ce4+ readily undergoes reduction to Ce3+, allowing the formation of a conductive network of Ce4+/Ce3+. This network facilitates electron transfer, stabilizes the Cu+ species, and enhances the adsorption and activation of CO2. Furthermore, sulfur catalyzes the OCHO* transformation to formate. This work describes a highly efficient catalyst for CO2 to formate, which will aid in catalyst design for CO2RR to target products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiaoling Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Xincunxi Road 266th, Zibo 255000, China; (Q.W.); (T.B.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Weimeng Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Xincunxi Road 266th, Zibo 255000, China; (Q.W.); (T.B.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (J.C.)
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Haaring R, Kang PW, Lee JW, Lee J, Lee H. Nonconductive Metal Oxide Gas Diffusion Layer for Mitigating Electrowetting during CO 2 Electrolysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28731-28741. [PMID: 38781021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) are extensively used for high current density electrochemical CO2 electrolysis (ECO2R), enabled by significantly reducing mass transfer resistance of CO2 to the catalyst layer. Conventionally, these GDEs are based upon hydrophobic carbon-based gas-diffusion layers (GDLs) that facilitate the gas transport; however, these supports are prone to flood with electrolyte during electrolysis. This potential-induced flooding, known as electrowetting, is related to the inherent conductivity of carbon and limits the activity of ECO2R. To investigate the effect of electrical conductivity more carefully, a GDE is constructed based on a Cu mesh with a nonconductive microporous GDL applied to this substrate, the latter composed of a mixture of metal oxide and polytetrafluoroethylene. With alumina as the metal oxide, a stable operation is obtained at -200 mA cm-2 with 70% selectivity for ECO2R (with over half toward C2+ products) without flooding as observed by in situ microscopy. On the contrary, with a Vulcan carbon-based GDL, the initial activity is rapidly lost as severe flooding ensues. It is reasoned that electrowetting is averted by virtue of the nonconductive nature of alumina, providing a new perspective on alternative GDL compositions and their influence on ECO2R performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Haaring
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Phil Woong Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Junpyo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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Chen G, Ma J, Gong W, Li J, Li Z, Long R, Xiong Y. Recent progress of heterogeneous catalysts for transfer hydrogenation under the background of carbon neutrality. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1038-1057. [PMID: 38126462 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Under the background of carbon neutrality, the direct conversion of greenhouse CO2 to high value added fuels and chemicals is becoming an important and promising technology. Among them, the generation of liquid C1 products (formic acid and methanol) has made great progress; nevertheless, it encounters the problem of how to use it efficiently to solve the overcapacity issue. In this review, we suggest that the catalytic transfer hydrogenation using formic acid and methanol as the hydrogen sources is a critical and potential route for the substitution for the fossil fuel-derived H2 to generate essential bulk and fine chemicals. We mainly focus on summarizing the recent progress of heterogeneous catalysts in such reactions, including thermal- and photo-catalytic processes. Finally, we also propose some challenges and opportunities for this development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Ma
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wanbing Gong
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Zheyue Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Ran Long
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Yujie Xiong
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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Haaring R, Kang PW, Guo Z, Lee JW, Lee H. Developing Catalysts Integrated in Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for CO 2 Electrolyzers. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2595-2605. [PMID: 37698057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusAs the demand for a carbon-neutral society grows rapidly, research on CO2 electrolysis has become very active. Many catalysts are reported for converting CO2 into value-added products by electrochemical reactions, which have to perform at high Faradaic and energy efficiency to become commercially viable. Various types of CO2 electrolyzers have been used in this effort, such as the H-cell, flow cell, and zero-gap membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) cell. H-cell studies are conducted with electrodes immersed in CO2-saturated electrolyte and have been used to elucidate reaction pathways and kinetic parameters of electrochemical CO2 reduction on many types of catalytic surfaces. From a transport phenomenological perspective, the low solubility and diffusion of CO2 to the electrode surface severely limit the maximum attainable current density, and this metric has been shown to have significant influence on the product spectrum. Flow and MEA cells provide a solution in the form of gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs) that enable gaseous CO2 to closely reach the catalyst layer and yield record-high current densities. Because GDEs involve a complicated interface consisting of the catalyst surface, gaseous CO2, polymer overlayers, and liquid electrolyte, catalysts with high intrinsic activity might not show high performance in these GDE-based electrolyzers. Catalysts showing low overpotentials at low current densities may suffer from poor electron conductivity and mass transfer limitations at high current densities. Furthermore, the stability of the GDE-based catalysts is often compromised as CO2 electrolysis is pursued with high activity, most notoriously by electrolyte flooding.In this Account, we introduce recent examples where the electrocatalysts were integrated in GDEs, achieving high production rates. The performance of such systems is contingent on both GDE and cell design, and various parameters that affect the cell performance are discussed. Gaseous products, such as carbon monoxide, methane, and ethylene, and liquid products, such as formate and ethanol, have been mainly reported with high partial current density using the flow or MEA cells. Different strategies to this end are described, such as controlling microenvironments by the use of polymers mixed within the catalyst layer or the functionalization of catalyst surfaces with ligands to increase local concentrations of intermediates. Unique CO2 electrolyzer designs are also treated, including the incorporation of light-responsive plasmonic catalysts in the GDE, and combining the electrolyzer with a fermenter utilizing a microbial biocatalyst to synthesize complex multicarbon products. Basic conditions which the catalyst should satisfy to be adapted in the GDEs are listed, and our perspective is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Haaring
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Woong Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zunmin Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Liu P, Sivakov V. Tin/Tin Oxide Nanostructures: Formation, Application, and Atomic and Electronic Structure Peculiarities. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2391. [PMID: 37686899 PMCID: PMC10490065 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
For a very long period, tin was considered one of the most important metals for humans due to its easy access in nature and abundance of sources. In the past, tin was mainly used to make various utensils and weapons. Today, nanostructured tin and especially its oxide materials have been found to possess many characteristic physical and chemical properties that allow their use as functional materials in various fields such as energy storage, photocatalytic process, gas sensors, and solar cells. This review discusses current methods for the synthesis of Sn/SnO2 composite materials in form of powder or thin film, as well as the application of the most advanced characterization tools based on large-scale synchrotron radiation facilities to study their chemical composition and electronic features. In addition, the applications of Sn/SnO2 composites in various fields are presented in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poting Liu
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany;
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Vladimir Sivakov
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany;
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Highly selective electrochemical CO2 reduction to formate using Sn@Cu electrocatalyst. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-022-01815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mosali VSS, Bond AM, Zhang J. Alloying strategies for tuning product selectivity during electrochemical CO 2 reduction over Cu. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15560-15585. [PMID: 36254597 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03539a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive reliance on fossil fuels has led to the release and accumulation of large quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere which has raised serious concerns related to environmental pollution and global warming. One way to mitigate this problem is to electrochemically recycle CO2 to value-added chemicals or fuels using electricity from renewable energy sources. Cu is the only metallic electrocatalyst that has been shown to produce a wide range of industrially important chemicals at appreciable rates. However, low product selectivity is a fundamental issue limiting commercial applications of electrochemical CO2 reduction over Cu catalysts. Combining copper with other metals that actively contribute to the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction process can selectively facilitate generation of desirable products. Alloying Cu can alter surface binding strength through electronic and geometric effects, enhancing the availability of surface confined carbon species, and stabilising key reduction intermediates. As a result, significant research has been undertaken to design and fabricate copper-based alloy catalysts with structures that can enhance the selectivity of targeted products. In this article, progress with use of alloying strategies for development of Cu-alloy catalysts are reviewed. Challenges in achieving high selectivity and possible future directions for development of new copper-based alloy catalysts are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M Bond
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
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