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Nag S, Mitra O, Tripathi G, Adur I, Mohanto S, Nama M, Samanta S, Gowda BHJ, Subramaniyan V, Sundararajan V, Kumarasamy V. Nanomaterials-assisted photothermal therapy for breast cancer: State-of-the-art advances and future perspectives. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103959. [PMID: 38228257 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains an enigmatic fatal modality ubiquitously prevalent in different parts of the world. Contemporary medicines face severe challenges in remediating and healing breast cancer. Due to its spatial specificity and nominal invasive therapeutic regime, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted much scientific attention down the lane. PTT utilizes a near-infrared (NIR) light source to irradiate the tumor target intravenously or non-invasively, which is converted into heat energy over an optical fibre. Dynamic progress in nanomaterial synthesis was achieved with specialized visual, physicochemical, biological, and pharmacological features to make up for the inadequacies and expand the horizon of PTT. Numerous nanomaterials have substantial NIR absorption and can function as efficient photothermal transducers. It is achievable to limit the wavelength range of an absorbance peak for specific nanomaterials by manipulating their synthesis, enhancing the precision and quality of PTT. Along the same lines, various nanomaterials are conjugated with a wide range of surface-modifying chemicals, including polymers and antibodies, which may modify the persistence of the nanomaterial and diminish toxicity concerns. In this article, we tend to put forth specific insights and fundamental conceptualizations on pre-existing PTT and its advances upon conjugation with different biocompatible nanomaterials working in synergy to combat breast cancer, encompassing several strategies like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy coupled with PTT. Additionally, the role or mechanisms of nanoparticles, as well as possible alternatives to PTT, are summarized as a distinctive integral aspect in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences (JCSMHS), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Oishi Mitra
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Garima Tripathi
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Israrahmed Adur
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Muskan Nama
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Souvik Samanta
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B H Jaswanth Gowda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences (JCSMHS), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Vino Sundararajan
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Fang Y, Gao N, Shao L. Photoemission Enhancement of Plasmonic Hot Electrons by Au Antenna-Sensitizer Complexes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3397-3404. [PMID: 38215310 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The photoemission of surface plasmon decay-produced hot electrons is usually of very low efficiencies, hindering the practical utilization of such nonequilibrium charge carriers in harvesting photons with less energy than the semiconductor band gap for more efficient solar energy collection and photodetection. However, it has been demonstrated that the photoemission efficiency of small metal clusters increases as the particle size decreases. Recent studies have also shown that the photoemission efficiency of surface plasmon-yielded hot carriers can be intrinsically improved through proper material construction. In this paper, we report that the photoemission efficiency of hot electrons on the Au nanodisk-cluster complex/TiO2 interface can be dramatically enhanced under optical nanoantenna-sensitizer design. Such an enhancement is dominantly attributed to three factors. First, the large plasmonic nanodisk antennas provide a significantly enhanced optical near field, which largely increases light absorption in the small Au clusters that are acting as hot electron injection sensitizers. Second, the sub-3 nm size of the Au clusters facilitates the collection of delocalized spreading charges by the semiconductor. Third, the hybrid interface and molecule-like energy level of the Au cluster result in a much longer lifetime of excited electrons. Our results provide a promising approach for the effective harvesting of solar energy with plasmonic antenna-sensitizer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Nan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
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