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Zhao H, Meng W, Lv X, Li J, Cai Z, Guo X, Wang Z, Guo L, Rong M, Shen C, Liu D, Song L. Nebulized inhalation of plasma-activated water in the treatment of progressive moderate COVID-19 patients with antiviral treatment failure: a randomized controlled pilot trial. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:960. [PMID: 39266946 PMCID: PMC11391605 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09886-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiviral drugs show significant efficacy in non-severe COVID-19 cases, yet there remains a subset of moderate COVID-19 patients whose pneumonia continues to progress post a complete course of treatment. Plasma-activated water (PAW) possesses anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. To explore the potential of PAW in improving pneumonia in COVID-19 patients following antiviral treatment failure, we conducted this study. METHODS This was a randomized, controlled trial. Moderate COVID-19 patients with antiviral treatment failure were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group. They inhaled nebulized PAW or saline respectively. This was done twice daily for four consecutive days. We assessed improvement in chest CT on day 5, the rate of symptom resolution within 10 days, and safety. RESULTS A total of 23 participants were included, with 11 receiving PAW and 12 receiving saline. The baseline characteristics of both groups were comparable. The experimental group showed a higher improvement rate in chest CT on day 5 (81.8% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.036). The cumulative disappearance rate of cough within 10 days was higher in the experimental group. Within 28 days, 4 patients in each group progressed to severe illness, and no patients died. No adverse reactions were reported from inhaling nebulized PAW. CONCLUSION This pilot trial preliminarily confirmed that nebulized inhalation of PAW can alleviate pneumonia in moderate COVID-19 patients with antiviral treatment failure, with no adverse reactions observed. This still needs to be verified by large-scale studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; No.: ChiCTR2300078706 (retrospectively registered, 12/15/2023); URL: www.chictr.org.cn .
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wanting Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhigui Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xingxing Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Mingzhe Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Cong Shen
- Department of PET-CT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Liqiang Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Bhatt P, Garad PS, Rayala VVSPK, Radhakrishnanand P, Sankaranarayanan K. Non-thermal plasma modulated l-tyrosine self-assemblies: a potential avenue for fabrication of supramolecular self-assembled biomaterials. RSC Adv 2024; 14:13984-13996. [PMID: 38686299 PMCID: PMC11056826 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01891e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aromatic amino acids (AAs) have garnered particular interest due to their pivotal roles in numerous biological processes and disorders. Variations in AA self-assembly not only affect protein structures and functions, but their non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and π-π stacking, yield versatile assemblies vital in bio-inspired material fabrication. Tyrosine (Tyr), a non-essential aromatic amino acid, holds multifaceted significance in the body as a protein building block, neurotransmitter precursor, thyroid hormone contributor, and melanin synthesis regulator. The proficiency of Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) in generating a spectrum of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species has spurred innovative research avenues in the studies of biomolecular components, including its potential for targeted cancer cell ablation and biomolecule modification. In this work, we have assessed the chemical as well as the structural changes in Tyrosine-derived self-assembled structures arising from the CAP-induced reactive species. For a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism, different treatment times, feed gases, and the role of solvent acidification are compared using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. LC-ESI-QQQ mass spectra unveiled the emergence of oxygenated and nitro derivatives of l-tyrosine following its interaction with CAP-derived ROS/RNS. SEM and TEM images demonstrated an enhanced surface size of self-assembled structures and the formation of novel nanomaterial-shaped assemblies following CAP treatment. Overall, this study aims to explore CAP's interaction with a single-amino acid, hypothesizing the creation of novel supramolecular structures and scrutinizing CAP-instigated transformations in l-tyrosine self-assembled structures, potentially advancing biomimetic-attributed nanomaterial fabrication which might present a novel frontier in the field of designing functional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bhatt
- Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Campus Postal Staff College Area Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar Ghaziabad 201002 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Prajakta Sharad Garad
- Department of Medical Device, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research SilaKatamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup Guwahati Assam-781101 India
| | - V V S Prasanna Kumari Rayala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research SilaKatamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup Guwahati Assam-781101 India
| | - P Radhakrishnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research SilaKatamur (Halugurisuk), P.O.: Changsari, Dist: Kamrup Guwahati Assam-781101 India
| | - Kamatchi Sankaranarayanan
- Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
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Kalita K, Phukan SJ, Garai S, Sankaranarayanan K. Polyoxometalates Mediated Amyloid Fibrillation Dynamics and Restoration of Enzyme Activity of Hen Egg White Lysozyme Treated under Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3423-3429. [PMID: 38284079 PMCID: PMC10809371 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are one of the most devastating disorders worldwide. Although a definite mechanistic pathway of neurodegenerative disorders is still not clear, it is almost clear that these diseases are initiated by protein misfolding. Hen Egg White Lysozyme (Lyz) can be converted to highly arranged amyloid fibrils and is therefore considered a good model protein for studying protein aggregation in connection to neurodegeneration. In this study, Lyz has been converted to fibrils using He-air gas fed single jet cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). The reactive oxygen species and the reactive nitrogen species produced by the plasma jet interact with the protein molecules and enhance the fibril formation. We monitored the fibrillation kinetics with the Thioflavin T (ThT) assay and observed that fibrils are formed when the samples are treated for 10 min with He-air gas fed CAP. Further, we studied the role of a special class of inorganic nanomaterials called polyoxometalates (POMs) in the process of the Lyz fibrillation using various biophysical techniques. The Keggin POMs used in this study are phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) and silico molybdic acid (SMA). Keggin POMs bring in structural self-assembly of the protein and disrupt the fibrils as evidenced in the ThT assay and TEM analysis. Molecular docking studies together with electrokinetic potential studies show the interactions between POMs and Lyz dominated via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. The enzyme activity of Lyz was assessed using the substrate Micrococcus lysodeikticus and after treatment with POMs results showed a significant increase in the activity. This study could pave way for looking into Keggin POMs for possible application in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaberi Kalita
- Physical
Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (An Autonomous Institute Under DST,
Government of India), Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Shankab J. Phukan
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somenath Garai
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kamatchi Sankaranarayanan
- Physical
Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (An Autonomous Institute Under DST,
Government of India), Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
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Bekeschus S. Gas plasmas technology: from biomolecule redox research to medical therapy. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:2071-2083. [PMID: 38088441 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Physical plasma is one consequence of gas ionization, i.e. its dissociation of electrons and ions. If operated in ambient air containing oxygen and nitrogen, its high reactivity produces various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) simultaneously. Technology leap innovations in the early 2010s facilitated the generation of gas plasmas aimed at clinics and operated at body temperature, enabling their potential use in medicine. In parallel, their high potency as antimicrobial agents was systematically discovered. In combination with first successful clinical trials, this led in 2013 to the clinical approval of first medical gas plasma devices in Europe for promoting the healing of chronic and infected wounds and ulcers in dermatology. While since then, thousands of patients have benefited from medical gas plasma therapy, only the appreciation of the critical role of gas plasma-derived RONS led to unraveling first fragments of the mechanistic basics of gas plasma-mediated biomedical effects. However, drawing the complete picture of effectors and effects is still challenging. This is because gas plasma-produced RONS not only show a great variety of dozens of types but also each of them having distinct spatio-temporal concentration profiles due to their specific half-lives and reactivity with other types of RONS as well as different types of (bio) molecules they can react with. However, this makes gas plasmas fascinating and highly versatile tools for biomolecular redox research, especially considering that the technical capacity of increasing and decreasing individual RONS types holds excellent potential for tailoring gas plasmas toward specific applications and disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic of Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Basumatary D, Bailung H, Jorvekar SB, Borkar RM, Sankaranarayanan K. Investigating the impact of inbuilt cold atmospheric pressure plasma on molecular assemblies of tryptophan enantiomers: in vitro fabrication of self-assembled supramolecular structures. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26640-26649. [PMID: 37681043 PMCID: PMC10480704 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancements in understanding the phenomenon of plasma interactions with matter, coupled with the development of CAPP devices, have resulted in an interdisciplinary research topic of significant importance. This has led to the integration of various fields of science, including plasma physics, chemistry, biomedical sciences, and engineering. The reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species generated from cold atmospheric plasma on interaction with biomolecules like proteins and peptides form various supramolecular structures. CAPP treatment of amino acids, which are the fundamental building blocks of proteins, holds potential in creating self-assembled supramolecular architectures. In this work, we demonstrate the process of self-assembly of aromatic amino acid tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers (l-tryptophan and d-tryptophan) into ordered supramolecular assemblies induced by the reactive species generated by a cold atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet. These enantiomers of tryptophan form organized structures as evidenced by FE-SEM. To assess the impact of CAPP treatment on the observed assemblies, we employed various analytical techniques such as zeta potential, dynamic light scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. Also, photoluminescence and time-resolved lifetime measurements revealed the transfiguration of individual Trp enantiomers. The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis demonstrated that CAPP irradiation led to the incorporation of oxygenated ions into the pure Trp molecule. These studies of the self-assembly of Trp due to ROS and RNS interactions will help us to understand the assembly environment. This knowledge may be utilized to artificially design and synthesize highly ordered functional supramolecular structures using CAPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepjyoti Basumatary
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Heremba Bailung
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 Assam India
| | - Sachin B Jorvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), PO: Changsari Kamrup Assam 781101 India
| | - Roshan M Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), PO: Changsari Kamrup Assam 781101 India
| | - Kamatchi Sankaranarayanan
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 Assam India
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von Woedtke T, Gabriel G, Schaible UE, Bekeschus S. Oral SARS-CoV-2 reduction by local treatment: A plasma technology application? PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS (PRINT) 2022; 20:e2200196. [PMID: 36721423 PMCID: PMC9880686 DOI: 10.1002/ppap.202200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reemphasized the importance of and need for efficient hygiene and disinfection measures. The coronavirus' efficient spread capitalizes on its airborne transmission routes via virus aerosol release from human oral and nasopharyngeal cavities. Besides the upper respiratory tract, efficient viral replication has been described in the epithelium of these two body cavities. To this end, the idea emerged to employ plasma technology to locally reduce mucosal viral loads as an additional measure to reduce patient infectivity. We here outline conceptual ideas of such treatment concepts within what is known in the antiviral actions of plasma treatment so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas von Woedtke
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), a Member of the Leibniz Health Technologies Research AllianceGreifswaldGermany
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental MedicineGreifswald University Medical CenterGreifswaldGermany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Department of Viral Zoonoses—One HealthLeibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), A Member of the Leibniz Infections Research AllianceHamburgGermany
- Institute of VirologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Ulrich E. Schaible
- Department of Cellular MicrobiologyProgram Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, A Member of the Leibniz Health Technologies and Leibniz Infections Research AlliancesParkalleeBorstelGermany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), a Member of the Leibniz Health Technologies Research AllianceGreifswaldGermany
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Khanikar RR, Kalita P, Narzary M, Basumatary D, Bharati AJ, Priyadarshi A, Swaminathan R, Bailung H, Sankaranarayanan K. Cold atmospheric plasma driven self-assembly in serum proteins: insights into the protein aggregation to biomaterials. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26211-26219. [PMID: 36275105 PMCID: PMC9476907 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04318a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of proteins is crucial in many biomedical applications. This work deals with understanding the role of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the self-assembly of two different proteins present in the serum - BSA and hemoglobin and to elucidate the process associated with the direct application of physical plasma on or in the human (or animal) body, which has implications in therapeutics. The work has been corroborated by several spectroscopic studies such as fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and SEM analysis. Through steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and by following the tryptophan fluorescence, we observed that the emission intensity was quenched for the protein when treated with plasma radiation. Circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that the structure of the protein was altered both in the case of BSA and hemoglobin. N-Acetyl tryptophanamide (NATA), which resembles the tryptophan in the protein, was treated with CAP and we observed the similar quenching of fluorescence as in the proteins, indicating that the protein underwent self-assembly. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy with a decrease in the lifetime revealed that the protein self-assembly was promoted with CAP treatment, which was also substantiated by SEM micrographs. The ROS/RNS produced in the CAP has been correlated with the protein self-assembly. This work will help to design protein self-assembled systems, and in the future, may bring possibilities of creating novel biomaterials with the help of plasma radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Ruchel Khanikar
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Parismita Kalita
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Monika Narzary
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Deepjyoti Basumatary
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Ashim Jyoti Bharati
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Anurag Priyadarshi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - R Swaminathan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - Heremba Bailung
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Kamatchi Sankaranarayanan
- Biophysics - Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, (An Autonomous Institute Under DST, Govt. of India) Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
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