1
|
Chethanakumar, Budri MB, Gudasi KB, Vadavi RS, Patil MK, Kumbar VM, Inamdar SR. Tri-armed Schiff base fluorescent sensor for the rapid recognition of Zn(II): application in live cell imaging, test strips and TLC. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4743-4754. [PMID: 38952194 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00774c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Various metal ions exist in nature and human beings and play limitless vital roles in both the atmosphere and biology. A fundamental and useful aspect is the qualitative and quantitative assessment of Zn(II) at concentration levels as low as parts per billion (ppb). Thus, the design and development of novel fluorescent turn-on receptors have gained significant interest because of their potential for use in live cell imaging to detect biologically relevant metal ions with high selectivity and sensitivity. The present research illustrates the design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent sensor [(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(hydrazine-2-yl-1-ylidene)tris(methaneylylidene)]tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenol) (THDBP) for the selective and sensitive probing of Zn(II). The sensor exhibited a fluorescence turn-on mechanism upon treatment with Zn(II) ions at λemi. 503 nm in aq. acetonitrile. The formation of a 1 : 3 complex between THDBP and Zn(II) is confirmed from the Job plot and ESI-MS spectrum. The evaluated limit of detection (LOD) and association constant (Ka) of the sensor THDBP for Zn(II) were found to be 1.03 × 10-10 M and 2.33 × 108 M-1, respectively. Further research demonstrates the practical application of the sensor for the detection of Zn(II) ions in live cells. The sensing ability of the sensor THDBP was also explored through inexpensive test strips and TLC sheets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chethanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mahantesh B Budri
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | | | - Ramesh S Vadavi
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mallikarjun K Patil
- Department of Physics, Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Karnatak University, 580003, Dharwad, India
| | - Vijay M Kumbar
- Dr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), 590010, Belagavi, India
| | - Sanjeev R Inamdar
- Department of Physics, Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Karnatak University, 580003, Dharwad, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kamel RM, El-Sakka SS, Abbas MMA, Soliman MHA. Eco-friendly Fluorescent Sensor for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Zn 2+ and Fe 3+ Ions: Applications in Human Hair Samples. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03798-3. [PMID: 38958904 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
A new eco-friendly sensor, 3-((6-((4-chlorobenzylidene)amino)pyridin-2-yl)imino)indolin-2-one (CBAPI) was synthesized and well characterized. The CBAPI sensor was employed for detecting Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions. It exhibited a low limit of detection at pH 6.0, with values of 2.90, for Zn2+ and 3.59 nmol L-1 for Fe3+ ions. The sensor demonstrated high selectivity over other interfering cations. Additionally, the high binding constants reflect the great affinity of sensor towards Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions. To further validate its quantification ability for Zn2+ ions, the synthesized CBAPI sensor was used to determine Zn levels in human hair samples, and the results were confirmed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The AGREE metric tool was used to assess the method's environmental impact and practical applicability. These positive outcomes indicated that the new method for detecting Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions is environmentally friendly and safe for humans. The developed CBAPI sensor represents a potential development in metal ion detection, combining sensitivity, selectivity, and rapidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt.
| | - Sahar S El-Sakka
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
| | - Maram M A Abbas
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
| | - M H A Soliman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li C, Zhao J. Organoplatinum Complex Exhibiting Aggregation-Enhanced Emission (AEE) and Dual-Channel Ion-Sensing Properties by Terminating the Molecular Configuration Transformation (MCT) and Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11757-11767. [PMID: 38866593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Emitters produce weak emissions when they undergo structural changes such as molecular configuration transformation (MCT) or excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) but give out strong emissions after terminating these distortions. Herein, an organoplatinum complex, Pt-ppy-ABP, carrying a salicylaldehyde-based Schiff base unit is synthesized. It exhibits weak emission in dilute solutions but shows bright emission at the aggregated state or after interacting with F- and Zn2+. This suggests that it has an aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) property and holds potential in ion detection. Supported by theoretical calculations and femtosecond transient absorption results, this complex suffers excited-state structural changes including MCT from a square-planar configuration to a tetrahedral one, as well as intramolecular rotation of a monodentate ligand and ESIPT, showing weak emission in its solutions. At the aggregated state, it releases strong yellow emissions because of the restraints of MCT and ligand rotation. Upon interacting with F- or Zn2+, it emits bright-red or -green emissions, achieving detection limits of 10-7 M. The sensing mechanism is concluded as deprotonation- and coordination-induced ESIPT terminations, respectively. Given its AEE property and ion-responsive emissions, its application in information encryption is also explored. Finally, these findings should provide valuable clues for the developments of chemosensors with dual-channel recognition abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang J, Tang L, Li L, Wu X, Yan L. Recent Advances in Organic Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Zinc Ions (Zn 2+). J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03770-1. [PMID: 38869709 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Zinc(II) ions (Zn2g) play crucial roles in the growth, propagation, and metabolism of animals, plants, and humans. Abnormal concentrations of Zn2+ in the environment and living organisms pose potential risks to environmental protection and human health. Therefore, it is imperative to develop rapid, reliable and in-situ detection methods for Zn2+ in both environmental and biological contexts. Furthermore, effective analytical methods are required for diagnosing diseases and understanding physiological metabolic mechanisms associated with Zn2+ concentration levels. Organic small-molecule fluorescent probes offer advantages such as fast, reliable, convenient, non-destructive detection capabilities and have significant application potential in Zn2+ detection and bioimaging; thus garnering extensive attention. Over the past two years alone, various organic small-molecule probes for Zn2+ based on different detection mechanisms and fluorophores have been rapidly developed. However, these probes still exhibit several limitations that need further resolution. In light of this context, we provide a comprehensive summary of the detection mechanisms, performance characteristics, and application scope of Zn2+ fluorescence probes since year 2022 while highlighting their advantages. We also propose solutions to address existing issues with these probes and outline future directions for their advancement. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference source offering insights into the development of advanced organic small-molecule-based fluorescence probes specifically designed for detecting Zn2+.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Liting Tang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Liqiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chethanakumar, Budri MB, Gudasi KB, Vadavi RS, Patil MK, Kumbar VM, Inamdar SR. A pyrene-induced PET-based chemosensor for biologically important Zn(II) ions: application in test strips and live cell imaging studies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1934-1947. [PMID: 38497319 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cation and anion sensing is vital owing to their universal dispersion in ecosystems and biological functions. It has been shown that fluorescent receptors based on organic platforms are efficient for detecting a number of ions and have many advantages such as low cost, superior sensitivity and simplicity in installation. This study demonstrates the design and synthesis of a novel receptor (E)-3-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]-2-(pyren-1-yl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (DTQ) for the rapid recognition of Zn(II) ions. DTQ exhibited a significant fluorometric "turn-on" characteristic towards Zn(II) at λmax 444 nm in aqueous acetonitrile by inhibiting the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) and -CN- process. The ESI-MS analysis and Job's plot experimental results confirmed stoichiometric 1 : 1 complex formation between DTQ and Zn(II). Fluorometric investigations revealed the detection limit and association constant of DTQ towards Zn(II), which were found to be 13.4 nM and 1.47 × 105 M-1, respectively. DTQ was employed to sense Zn(II) on low-cost test strips. The present research findings imply that DTQ can function as an effective sensor for Zn(II).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chethanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mahantesh B Budri
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | | | - Ramesh S Vadavi
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mallikarjun K Patil
- Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India
| | - Vijay M Kumbar
- Dr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), Belagavi, 590010, India
| | - Sanjeev R Inamdar
- Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nigam KK, Pandey MD. Zinc-Induced Luminescent l-Valine-Based Pseudopeptidic Soft Bioinspired Materials for Precise Tuning of Nanoassembly. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1393-1402. [PMID: 38386412 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Pseudopeptide-based bioinspired materials are emerging for selective recognition of biologically significant analytes and are applicable in the modern nanoscience field. Therefore, we have developed novel multifunctional C2-symmetric soft pseudopeptides by amino acid l-valine and salicylaldehyde fragments using a series of aliphatic linkers. They are highly selective and sensitive to Zn (II) ions under physiological conditions and reveal significant fluorescence enhancement with the PET mechanism. The molecular self-assembly shows zinc-induced morphological transformation of the rod-shaped assembly into a chain-like morphology. Such a metal-induced hierarchical nano-assembly may have relevance for specific nanobiotechnology applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Kumar Nigam
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Mrituanjay D Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jayapriya S, Ebenazer AF, Sampathkumar N, Rajesh J, Rajagopal G. Chromene Carbohydrazide- Schiff Base as a Highly Selective Turn-Off Fluorescence Chemosensor for In 3+ Ion and its Application. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03655-3. [PMID: 38460096 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
A new 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2 H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide design to synthesize a simple Schiff-base condition. The synthesized molecules' (probe L) photophysical properties were investigated in various solvent systems and solvent-poor-solvent assays. Probe L exhibits the absorbance band at 440 nm and the emission band at 488 nm in DMSO: H2O (7:3, v/v). Further, probe L shows selective turn-off emission recognition of In3+ ions in DMSO: H2O (7:3, pH = 7.4). By Job's plot and ESI mass analysis, probe L forms a 1:2 stoichiometry complex with an estimated association constant of 4.04 × 104 M- 2 with In3+ ions. Metal induces CHEQ (chelation-caused fluorescence quenching) to reduce the intensity of probe L's emission, and the estimated quenching constant was 4.52 × 104 M- 1. The limit of detection was found to be 5.93 nM; the time response of the sensor is instantaneous, and its reversible nature was confirmed using EDTA additions. Solid substrates (test strips) were designed and tested for fast, reliable, user-friendly, and real-time sensing of In3+ ions for on-site applications. The binding mechanism of probe L with In3+ ions was investigated using 1H NMR titration and DFT/TD-DFT studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Jayapriya
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tiruppur, 641 602, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Franklin Ebenazer
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tiruppur, 641 602, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Sampathkumar
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tiruppur, 641 602, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Rajagopal
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore, 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pramanik A, Das R, Jyoti Boruah P, Majumder S, Mohanta S. A very rare fluorescent chemosensor of zinc(II) exhibiting AIEE, ESIPT and TICT: Spectroscopic, crystallographic and theoretical exploration. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123780. [PMID: 38142491 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The basic systems in this study are HL (1; 1:2 condensation product of 2,6-diformyl-4-ethylphenol and o-anisidine) and its ZnII and CdII complexes of composition [ZnII(LH)Cl2]·CH3OH (2) and [CdII(LH)Cl2] (3), all of which are synthesized and characterized by CHN elemental analyses, single crystal X-ray crystallography, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum. It has been established from the following experimental and theoretical studies that 1 is a fluorescent turn on sensor of ZnII ion and it exhibits all of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), photoinduced electron transfer (PET), twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and aggregation induced enhanced emission (AIEE): (i) Detailed absorption and emission (steady state / time resolved) studies in various single solvents, in solvent mixtures, with pH variation, with various single metal ions, with mixtures of metal ions, on varying temperature and on varying viscosity; (ii) dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in solvent mixtures; (iii) density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations in ground and excites states of 1-3. It is shown that 1 can be efficaciously applied in inkless writing with the "write - erase - write" facility. The mechanisms/reasons of the observed properties have been addressed. The difference in fluorescence of ZnII and CdII complexes, unusual case of crystal structures of probe and complexes with ZnII and CdII, unusual features in the structures of 2 and 3 as well as a structure-property correlation have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Rampada Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Palash Jyoti Boruah
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793003, India
| | - Samit Majumder
- Department of Chemistry, Bhairab Ganguly College, Feeder Road, Belghoria, Kolkata 700056, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sasankasekhar Mohanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu G, Jia Z, Yu M, Zhang M, Xu C. A Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor Based on Chelation-Enhanced Fluorescence of Carbon Dots for Zinc Ion Detection. Molecules 2023; 28:7818. [PMID: 38067546 PMCID: PMC10708225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc ion, one of the most important transition metal ions in living organisms, plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of the organism. The disorder of zinc is associated with many major diseases. It is highly desirable to develop selective and sensitive methods for the real-time detection of zinc ions. In this work, double-emitting fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are prepared by a solvothermal method using glutathione, L-aspartic acid, and formamide as the raw materials. The carbon dots specifically recognize zine ions and produce a decrease in fluorescence intensity at 684 nm and an increase at 649 nm, leading to a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for zinc detection. Through surface modification and spectral analysis, the surface groups including carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups, and C=N in heterocycles of CDs are revealed to synergistically coordinate Zn2+, inducing the structural changes in the emission site. The CDs can afford a low limit of detection of ~5 nM for Zn2+ detection with good linearity in the range of 0.02-5 μM, showing good selectivity as well. The results from real samples including fetal bovine serum, milk powder, and zinc gluconate oral solution indicated the good applicability of the CDs in the determination of Zn2+.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Z.J.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mengdi Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Z.J.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Z.J.); (M.Y.)
| | - Changlong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nigam KK, Tamrakar A, Pandey MD. L-Phenylalanine-derived pseudopeptidic bioinspired materials: Zn(II) induced fluorescence enhancement and precise tuning of self-assembled nanostructures. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7266-7270. [PMID: 37740379 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00703k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The pseudopeptide, owing to its intriguing, sustainable, and easily accessible multifunctional properties, has attracted significant research interest over the years. C2-symmetric pseudopeptidic chiral bioinspired materials have been developed for their selective sensitivity to Zn(II) ions via a turn-on fluorescence under physiological conditions. Moreover, these are promising soft materials for precisely tuning their self-assembled nanostructures after incubating with Zn(II), opening avenues for exploring similar effects in various peptidomimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Kumar Nigam
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Arpna Tamrakar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Mrituanjay D Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu Y, Lewis W, Wai JL, Xiong M, Zheng J, Yang Z, Gordon C, Lu Y, New SY, Zhang XB, Lu Y. Ratiometric Detection of Zn 2+ Using DNAzyme-Based Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Sensors. CHEMISTRY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 5:1745-1759. [PMID: 38371491 PMCID: PMC10874629 DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
While fluorescent sensors have been developed for monitoring metal ions in health and diseases, they are limited by the requirement of an excitation light source that can lead to photobleaching and a high autofluorescence background. To address these issues, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based protein or small molecule sensors have been developed; however, most of them are not highly selective nor generalizable to different metal ions. Taking advantage of the high selectivity and generalizability of DNAzymes, we report herein DNAzyme-based ratiometric sensors for Zn2+ based on BRET. The 8-17 DNAzyme was labeled with luciferase and Cy3. The proximity between luciferase and Cy3 permiQed BRET when coelenterazine, the substrate for luciferase, was introduced. Adding samples containing Zn2+ resulted in a cleavage of the substrate strand, causing dehybridization of the DNAzyme construct, thus increasing the distance between Cy3 and luciferase and changing the BRET signals. Using these sensors, we detected Zn2+ in serum samples and achieved Zn2+ detection with a smartphone camera. Moreover, since the BRET pair is not the component that determines the selectivity of the sensors, this sensing platform has the potential to be adapted for the detection of other metal ions with other metal-dependent DNAzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Whitney Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Jing Luen Wai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of No0ingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Mengyi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chloe Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Siu Yee New
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of No0ingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wen J, Hua Q, Ding S, Sun A, Xia Y. Recent Advances in Fluorescent Probes for Zinc Ions Based on Various Response Mechanisms. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-32. [PMID: 37486769 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2238078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a vital metal element with extensive applications in various fields such as industry, metallurgy, agriculture, food, and healthcare. For living organisms, zinc ions are indispensable, and their deficiency can lead to physiological and metabolic abnormalities that cause multiple diseases. Hence, there is a significant need for selective recognition and effective detection of free zinc ions. As a probe method with high sensitivity, high selectivity, real-time monitoring, safety, harmlessness and ease of operation, fluorescent probes have been widely used in metal ion identification studies, and many convenient, low-cost and easy-to-operate fluorescent probes for Zn2+ detection have been developed. This article reviews the latest research advances in fluorescent chemosensors for Zn2+ detection from 2019 to 2023. In particular, sensors working through photo-induced electron transfer (PET), excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF), and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanisms are described. We discuss the use of various recognition mechanisms in detecting zinc ions through specific cases, some of which have been validated through theoretical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Wen
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Qianying Hua
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Sha Ding
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Aokui Sun
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yong Xia
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Enbanathan S, Munusamy S, Ponnan S, Jothi D, Manoj Kumar S, Sathiyanarayanan KI. AIE active luminous dye with a triphenylamine attached benzothiazole core as a portable polymer film for sensitively detecting CN- ions in food samples. Talanta 2023; 264:124726. [PMID: 37276676 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active 3-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4'-(diphenylamino)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acrylonitrile (BTPA) has been designed and synthesized herein, with the goal of detecting CN- ions at a low-level in semi-aqueous medium. The deliberate addition of the electron-deficient alkene BTPA increased its sensitivity and selectivity to CN- ions, with a better detection limit of 6.4 nM, unveiling the next-generation approach to creating sophisticated CN- ions selective chemosensors. The ESI-MS and NMR spectra analyses provided strong support for the structures of the chemosensors, while the UV-Vis, photoluminescence, and 1H-NMR titration experiments provided support for the sensing efficiencies. Subsequently, PVDF/BTPA electrospun nanofibers have been effectively produced as functional films. These nanofiber films exhibit outstanding mechanical strength, photo/thermal stability, and optical responsiveness to CN- ions, making them a potential choice for on-field emerging contaminant detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, United States.
| | - Sathiyanathan Ponnan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhanapal Jothi
- Department of Advanced Organic Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - Selin Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mishra S, Kumar Singh A. Benzothiazole-based novel fluorescence probe sensing 1, 3-diaminopropane. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122799. [PMID: 37187148 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Amines are extensively present in biological systems and are abundantly used in research, industries and agriculture. Systematic detection and quantification of certain amines can help us in food quality control and diagnosis of many diseases. A Schiff base probe HL was designed and successfully synthesized. It was proposed as a sensor for the exclusive detection of 1, 3- diaminopropane through turn-on fluorescence response in a variety of solvents including water. Micromolar limits of detection was achieved in all these solvents. Mechanism of detection was proposed by investigating mass spectrometric and NMR results. These were corroborated with DFT/TD-DFT calculations. Spiking experiments performed in various real water samples revealed the potential of the sensor to be used in day-to-day applications. Paper strip experiments demonstrated the suitability of the probe for real-life applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Mishra
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Design, synthesis, experimental investigations, theoretical corroborations, and distinct applications of a futuristic fluorescence chemosensor for the unveiling of Zn2+ ions. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
16
|
Rationally constructed imidazole derivatized Schiff-base based fluorescent sensor for reversible identification of copper ions and its applications in fingerprint imaging. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
17
|
Enbanathan S, Iyer SK. A novel phenanthridine and terpyridine based D-π-A fluorescent probe for the ratiometric detection of Cd 2+ in environmental water samples and living cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114272. [PMID: 36356527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A "turn-on" Donor-π-Acceptor (D-π-A) containing phenanthridine-functionalized extended π-conjugate terpyridine, 5-(4'-([2,2':6',2''-terpyridin]-4'-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]4-yl)7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo [a, i] phenanthridine (TBTP) was synthesised. It shows strong selectivity for the detection of toxic Cd2+ without interference from other metal ions. In the presence of Cd2+, the absorption of the TBTP changes dramatically along with the fluorescent emission with the large Stokes shift of 6300 cm-1. When the compound TBTP is exposed to UV light, its colour changes from blue to orange over the addition of Cd2+. Adding other transition metal ions has no effect. This is based on the mechanism of intramolecular charge transfer. The detection limit for Cd2+ was found to be around 1.181 × 10-8 M. An investigation of the sensing mechanism includes job plot, NMR titration, DFT calculation, and HRMS analyses. Excitingly, the recognition of Cd2+ in CH3CN: H2O (8:2, v/v) medium is quantitative without interference from Zn2+, which is a common interferent for Cd2+. Furthermore, the probe was used for detecting Cd2+ in real water samples and cell imaging in living cells was also performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Enbanathan S, Manickam S, Dhanthala Thiyagarajan M, Jothi D, Manojkumar S, Munusamy S, Murugan D, Rangasamy L, Balijapalli U, Kulathu Iyer S. Rational design of diphenyl-λ5σ4-phosphinine based fluorescent probe for the selective detection of Hg2+ ions: Real application in cell imaging and paper strips. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|