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Kosasang S, Ma N, Impeng S, Bureekaew S, Namiki Y, Tsujimoto M, Saothayanun T, Yamada H, Horike S. Prussian Blue Analogue Glasses for Photoinduced CO 2 Conversion. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17793-17800. [PMID: 38913361 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Crystal-to-glass transformation is a powerful approach to modulating the chemical and physical properties of crystals. Here we demonstrate that the glass transformation of cobalt hexacyanoferrate crystals, one of the Prussian blue analogues, increased the concentration of open metal sites and altered the electronic state while maintaining coordination geometries and short-range ordering in the structure. The compositional and structural changes were characterized by X-ray absorption fine structure, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray total scattering. The changes contribute to the flat band potential of the glass becoming closer to the redox potential of CO2 reduction. The valence band energy of the glass also shifts, resulting in lower band gap energy. Both the increased open metal sites and the optimal electronic structure upon vitrification enhance photocatalytic activity toward CO2-to-CO conversions (9.9 μmol h-1 CO production) and selectivity (72.4%) in comparison with the crystalline counterpart (3.9 μmol h-1 and 42.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soracha Kosasang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nattapol Ma
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis &; Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarawoot Impeng
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sareeya Bureekaew
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Yuji Namiki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tsujimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Taya Saothayanun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Diffraction and Scattering Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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2
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Li HY, Kong XJ, Han SD, Pang J, He T, Wang GM, Bu XH. Metalation of metal-organic frameworks: fundamentals and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5626-5676. [PMID: 38655667 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00873h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Metalation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been developed as a prominent strategy for materials functionalization for pore chemistry modulation and property optimization. By introducing exotic metal ions/complexes/nanoparticles onto/into the parent framework, many metallized MOFs have exhibited significantly improved performance in a wide range of applications. In this review, we focus on the research progress in the metalation of metal-organic frameworks during the last five years, spanning the design principles, synthetic strategies, and potential applications. Based on the crystal engineering principles, a minor change in the MOF composition through metalation would lead to leveraged variation of properties. This review starts from the general strategies established for the incorporation of metal species within MOFs, followed by the design principles to graft the desired functionality while maintaining the porosity of frameworks. Facile metalation has contributed a great number of bespoke materials with excellent performance, and we summarize their applications in gas adsorption and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, detection and sensing, and energy storage and conversion. The underlying mechanisms are also investigated by state-of-the-art techniques and analyzed for gaining insight into the structure-property relationships, which would in turn facilitate the further development of design principles. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities in MOF metalation have been discussed, and the promising future directions for customizing the next-generation advanced materials have been outlined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Centre, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xiang-Jing Kong
- Department of Chemical Science, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Song-De Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Jiandong Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Centre, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
- Department of Chemical Science, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Guo-Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Centre, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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3
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Romero-Angel M, Amrine R, Ávila-Bolívar B, Almora-Barrios N, Ganivet CR, Padial NM, Montiel V, Solla-Gullón J, Tatay S, Martí-Gastaldo C. Tailoring the efficiency of porphyrin molecular frameworks for the electroactivation of molecular N 2. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:10956-10964. [PMID: 38725524 PMCID: PMC11077505 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta07004b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The combination of compositional versatility and topological diversity for the integration of electroactive species into high-porosity molecular architectures is perhaps one of the main appeals of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of electrocatalysis. This premise has attracted much interest in recent years, and the results generated have also revealed one of the main limitations of molecular materials in this context: low stability under electrocatalytic conditions. Using zirconium MOFs as a starting point, in this work, we use this stability as a variable to discriminate between the most suitable electrocatalytic reaction and specific topologies within this family. Our results revealed that the PCN-224 family is particularly suitable for the electroreduction of molecular nitrogen for the formation of ammonia with faradaic efficiencies above 30% in the presence of Ni2+ sites, an activity that improves most of the catalysts described. We also introduce the fluorination of porphyrin at the meso position as a good alternative to improve both the activity and stability of this material under electrocatalytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Romero-Angel
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Roumayssa Amrine
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Neyvis Almora-Barrios
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Carolina R Ganivet
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Natalia M Padial
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Vicente Montiel
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - José Solla-Gullón
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Sergio Tatay
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Carlos Martí-Gastaldo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de València c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 46980 Paterna Spain
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4
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Qiu Z, Deng H, Neumann CN. Site-Isolated Rhodium(II) Metalloradicals Catalyze Olefin Hydrofunctionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401375. [PMID: 38314637 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Rh(II) porphyrin complexes display pronounced metal-centered radical character and the ability to activate small molecules under mild conditions, but catalysis with Rh(II) porphyrins is extremely rare. In addition to facile dimerization, Rh(II) porphyrins readily engage in kinetically and thermodynamically facile reactions involving two Rh(II) centers to generate stable Rh(III)-X intermediates that obstruct turnover in thermal catalysis. Here we report site isolation of Rh(II) metalloradicals in a MOF host, which not only protects Rh(II) metalloradicals against dimerization, but also allows them to participate in thermal catalysis. Access to PCN-224 or PCN-222 in which the porphyrin linkers are fully metalated by Rh(II) in the absence of any accompanying Rh(0) nanoparticles was achieved via the first direct MOF synthesis with a linker containing a transition-metal alkyl moiety, followed by Rh(III)-C bond photolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Qiu
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Constanze N Neumann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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5
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Hemmer K, Kronawitter SM, Grover N, Twamley B, Cokoja M, Fischer RA, Kieslich G, Senge MO. Understanding and Controlling Molecular Compositions and Properties in Mixed-Linker Porphyrin Metal-Organic Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2122-2130. [PMID: 38205788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive materials for photo- and thermally activated catalysis due to their unique structural features related to the porphyrin moiety, guest-accessible porosity, and high chemical tunability. In this study, we report the synthetic incorporation of nonplanar β-ethyl-functionalized porphyrin linkers into the framework structure of PCN-222, obtaining a solid-solution series of materials with different modified linker contents. Comprehensive analysis by a combination of characterization techniques, such as NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and N2 sorption analysis, allows for the confirmation of linker incorporation. A detailed structural analysis of intrinsic material properties, such as the thermal response of the different materials, underlines the complexity of synthesizing and understanding such materials. This study presents a blueprint for synthesizing and analyzing porphyrin-based mixed-linker MOF systems and highlights the hurdles of characterizing such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Hemmer
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Silva M Kronawitter
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02R590, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mirza Cokoja
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gregor Kieslich
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02R590, Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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6
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Schlachter A, Asselin P, Fortin D, Karsenti PL, Harvey PD. Strong Host-Guest Dependence on the Emissive Properties of MOF-5 and [Zn 2(BTTB)(DMF) 2•(H 2O) 3] n. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13757-13764. [PMID: 37578992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
3D-[Zn4O(1,4-BDC)3•x(solvent)]n (MOF-5; BDC = 1,4-benzodicarboxylate) and 3D-[Zn2(BTTB)(DMF)2•(H2O)3]n (MOF-D; BTTB = 4,4',4″,4‴-benzene-1,2,4,5-tetrayltetrabenzoate) have been investigated by means of steady-state UV-visible and fluorescence and time-resolved emission spectroscopy, as a function of solvent and power of the excitation irradiation. The low-temperature X-ray structures (173 K) were permitted to locate solvent molecules (here H2O) in the lattice. They were found distributed in the middle in the voids with no evidence of specific interactions (H-bond, coulombic, and dipole-dipole) with the framework. The fluorescence decays of the ligands (ππ* excited state), τF, for the host-guest composites MOF-5@solvent and MOF-D@solvent (solvent = air, MeCN, EtCN, MeOH, EtOH, and DMF) were found bi-exponential (short τF1 (ps), and long τF2 (ns)) with one important feature: upon cooling from 298 to 77 K, MOF-5's τF1 decreases and τF2 increases, while the opposite trend is generally observed in MOF-D. The low values for τF1 (ps) in MOF-5 are associated with the augmented probability of solvent-ligand collisions leading to nonradiative deactivation, which upon cooling to 77 K increases further as the scaffolding contracts. The augmentation in τF2 is readily associated with the increased rigidity of the ligands that are not submitted to this effect (at the surface of the MOF and as pendent groups). For the low emitter MOF-D, the reversed situation is noted but not as clearly due to the uncertainties in the data. Upon increasing the excitation flux, the fluorescence intensity increases linearly with the laser power indicating the absence of singlet-singlet annihilation, inferring the absence of efficient exciton migration. This observation is explained by the small absorptivity coefficients, which leads to a small J spectral overlap between absorption and fluorescence according to the Forster and Dexter theories, and consequently, a small rate for energy migration. This conclusion drastically changes the perception of the photocatalytic mechanism of MOF-5 and other MOFs exhibiting similar absorption features (i.e., no antenna effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Schlachter
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Paul Asselin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Paul-Ludovic Karsenti
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Pierre D Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
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7
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Dong YL, Liu HR, Wang SM, Guan GW, Yang QY. Immobilizing Isatin-Schiff Base Complexes in NH 2-UiO-66 for Highly Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hao-Ran Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shao-Min Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Guo-Wei Guan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Stanley PM, Su AY, Ramm V, Fink P, Kimna C, Lieleg O, Elsner M, Lercher JA, Rieger B, Warnan J, Fischer RA. Photocatalytic CO 2 -to-Syngas Evolution with Molecular Catalyst Metal-Organic Framework Nanozymes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207380. [PMID: 36394175 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Syngas, a mixture of CO and H2 , is a high-priority intermediate for producing several commodity chemicals, e.g., ammonia, methanol, and synthetic hydrocarbon fuels. Accordingly, parallel sunlight-driven catalytic conversion of CO2 and protons to syngas is a key step toward a sustainable energy cycle. State-of-the-art catalytic systems and materials often fall short as application-oriented concurrent CO and H2 evolution requires challenging reaction conditions which can hamper stability, selectivity, and efficiency. Here a light-harvesting metal-organic framework hosting two molecular catalysts is engineered to yield colloidal, water-stable, versatile nanoreactors for photocatalytic syngas generation with highly controllable product ratios. In-depth fluorescence, X-ray, and microscopic studies paired with kinetic analysis show that the host delivers energy efficiently to active sites, conceptually yielding nanozymes. This unlocked sustained CO2 reduction and H2 evolution with benchmark turnover numbers and record incident photon conversions up to 36%, showcasing a highly active and durable all-in-one material toward application in solar energy-driven syngas generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Stanley
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alice Y Su
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Vanessa Ramm
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Pascal Fink
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Ceren Kimna
- School of Engineering and Design, Department of Materials Engineering and Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- School of Engineering and Design, Department of Materials Engineering and Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Chair of Chemical Technology II, Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Julien Warnan
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
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