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Chen R, Maslekar N, Chakraborty S, Dinh LNM, Yao Y, Zetterlund PB, Kumar N, Agarwal V. Quorum sensing inhibiting dihydropyrrol-2-ones embedded polymer/graphene oxide nanocomposite waterborne antimicrobial coatings. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39101841 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
With increasing antibiotic resistance and hospital acquired microbial infections, there has been a growing interest to explore alternate antimicrobial approaches. This is particularly challenging when aiming to protect surfaces over a large area to avoid contact mediated infection transmission. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibition has emerged as an alternate antimicrobial approach overcoming evolutionary stress driven resistance observed in antibiotic treatment. However, specific surface orientation requirements and limited work on delivery of small molecule QS inhibiting compounds have limited their widespread applicability certainly when it comes to coating large surfaces. Here, we report antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings overcoming the dependence on molecular orientation of QS inhibiting dihydropyrrol-2-ones (DHP) analogues and release small molecule analogues. In a systematic study, we developed poly(styrene-stat-n-butyl acrylate)/graphene oxide (GO)/DHP analogue nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings that can be easily applied to surfaces of any length scale and studied their efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. The polymer nanocomposite was designed to undergo coating formation at ambient temperature. The antimicrobial coatings exhibited DHP dose dependent antimicrobial response both in the supernatant growth media with a ∼7-log10 reduction in cell growth and virtually a complete inhibition in cell adhesion on the surface in the best coating compared to controls. When compared, DHP-Br coatings outperformed other DHP analogues (-F and -Ph) both in limiting the cell growth in the media and cellular adhesion on the coating surface. This is the first example of nanocomposite coatings comprising QS inhibiting compounds, and their exceptional performance is expected to pave the way for further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxun Chen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Namrata Maslekar
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Le N M Dinh
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Yin Yao
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Per B Zetterlund
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Tzoumani I, Druvari D, Evangelidis M, Vlamis-Gardikas A, Bokias G, Kallitsis JK. Facile Synthesis of Dual-Functional Cross-Linked Membranes with Contact-Killing Antimicrobial Properties and Humidity-Response. Molecules 2024; 29:2372. [PMID: 38792232 PMCID: PMC11123689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), P(HEMA-co-DMAEMAx), copolymers were quaternized through the reaction of a part of (dimethylamino)ethyl moieties of DMAEMA units with 1-bromohexadecane. Antimicrobial coatings were further prepared through the cross-linking reaction between the remaining DMAEMA units of these copolymers and the epoxide ring of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate), P(DMAm-co-GMAx), copolymers. The combination of P(HEMA-co-DMAEMAx)/P(DMAm-co-GMAx) copolymers not only enabled control over quaternization and cross-linking for coating stabilization but also allowed the optimization of the processing routes towards a more facile cost-effective methodology and the use of environmentally friendly solvents like ethanol. Careful consideration was given to achieve the right content of quaternized units, qDMAEMA, to ensure antimicrobial efficacy through an appropriate amphiphilic balance and sufficient free DMAEMA groups to react with GMA for coating stabilization. Optimal synthesis conditions were achieved by membranes consisting of cross-linked P(HEMA78-co-DMAEMA9-co-qDMAEMA13)/P(DMAm-co-GMA42) membranes. The obtained membranes were multifunctional as they were self-standing and antimicrobial, while they demonstrated a distinct fast response to changes in humidity levels, widening the opportunities for the construction of "smart" antimicrobial actuators, such as non-contact antimicrobial switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tzoumani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
| | - Denisa Druvari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
| | - Miltiadis Evangelidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
| | - Alexios Vlamis-Gardikas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
| | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
| | - Joannis K. Kallitsis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (D.D.); (M.E.); (A.V.-G.); (G.B.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Street, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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Qu Y, Lu X, Zhu T, Yu J, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Hao Y, Wang Y, Yu Y. Application of an Antibacterial Coating Layer via Amine-Terminated Hyperbranched Zirconium-Polysiloxane for Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets. IET Nanobiotechnol 2024; 2024:4391833. [PMID: 38863970 PMCID: PMC11095072 DOI: 10.1049/2024/4391833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The massive growth of various microorganisms on the orthodontic bracket can form plaques and cause diseases. A novel amine-terminated hyperbranched zirconium-polysiloxane (HPZP) antimicrobial coating was developed for an orthodontic stainless steel tank (SST). After synthesizing HPZP and HPZP-Ag coatings, their structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thickness measurement, contact angle detection, mechanical stability testing, and corrosion testing. The cell toxicity of the two coatings to human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and human oral keratinocytes (hOKs) was detected by cell counting kit eight assays, and SST, HPZP@SST, and HPZP-Ag@SST were cocultured with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus mutans for 24 hr to detect the antibacterial properties of the coatings, respectively. The results show that the coatings are about 10 μm, and the water contact angle of HPZP coating is significantly higher than that of HPZP-Ag coating (P < 0.01). Both coatings can be uniformly and densely distributed on SST and have good mechanical stability and corrosion resistance. The cell counting test showed that HPZP coating and HPZP-Ag coating were less toxic to cells compared with SST, and the toxicity of HPZP-Ag coating was greater than that of HPZP coating, with the cell survival rate greater than 80% after 72 hr cocultured with hGFs and hOKs. The antibacterial test showed that the number of bacteria on the surface of different materials was ranked from small to large: HPZP@SST < HPZP-Ag@SST < SST and 800 μg/mL HPZP@SST showed a better bactericidal ability than 400 μg/mL after cocultured with S. aureus, E. coli, and S. mutans, respectively (all P < 0.05). The results showed that HPZP coating had a better effect than HPZP-Ag coating, with effective antibacterial and biocompatible properties, which had the potential to be applied in orthodontic process management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Qu
- Department of Stomatology, School of Stomatology of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuanping Hao
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao 266001, China
| | - Yuanfei Wang
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao 266001, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao 266001, China
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Lu SC, Chien HW, Yu SH, Chen WC, Chen HH. Dual-Coating of Fluorinated Polydimethylsiloxane/Fluorinated SiO 2 Nanoparticles for Superhydrophobic and High-Efficiency Bacteriostatic Surface. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300388. [PMID: 37991234 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
A simple two-step spray method is used to prepare superhydrophobic and bacteriostatic surfaces, involving dual-coating with polydimethylsiloxane-normal-fluorine (PDMS-NF) or branched-fluorine (PDMS-BF) in combination with fluorinated silica nanoparticles (FSiO2 -NPs) using a spray technique. This approach has the potential to create surfaces with both water-repellent and antimicrobial properties, which could be useful in a variety of applications. It is noteworthy that the dual-coating on cotton fabric exhibited an impressive dual-scale roughness and achieved superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 158° and a hysteresis of less than 3°. Additionally, the coating was subjected to an ultra-high concentration of bacteria (109 CFU/mL) and was still able to inhibit more than 80 % of attachment, demonstrating its effectiveness as a bacteriostatic surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chen Lu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Wen Chien
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 807618, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Yu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 807618, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
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Restivo E, Peluso E, Bloise N, Bello GL, Bruni G, Giannaccari M, Raiteri R, Fassina L, Visai L. Surface Properties of a Biocompatible Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Its Anti-Adhesive Effect against E. coli and S. aureus. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:24. [PMID: 38248691 PMCID: PMC10816734 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a polymer used in a variety of fields, including medical applications. Here, we aimed to verify if the brush and bar coater deposition techniques did not alter TPU properties. The topography of the TPU-modified surfaces was studied via AFM demonstrating no significant differences between brush and bar coater-modified surfaces, compared to the un-modified TPU (TPU Film). The effect of the surfaces on planktonic bacteria, evaluated by MTT assay, demonstrated their anti-adhesive effect on E. coli, while the bar coater significantly reduced staphylococcal planktonic adhesion and both bacterial biofilms compared to other samples. Interestingly, Pearson's R coefficient analysis showed that Ra roughness and Haralick's correlation feature were trend predictors for planktonic bacterial cells adhesion. The surface adhesion property was evaluated against NIH-3T3 murine fibroblasts by MTT and against human fibrinogen and human platelet-rich plasma by ELISA and LDH assay, respectively. An indirect cytotoxicity experiment against NIH-3T3 confirmed the biocompatibility of the TPUs. Overall, the results indicated that the deposition techniques did not alter the antibacterial and anti-adhesive surface properties of modified TPU compared to un-modified TPU, nor its bio- and hemocompatibility, confirming the suitability of TPU brush and bar coater films in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Restivo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit (UdR) Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.R.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (L.V.)
- . Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), University of Pavia Unit, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Peluso
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit (UdR) Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.R.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (L.V.)
- . Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), University of Pavia Unit, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit (UdR) Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.R.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (L.V.)
- . Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), University of Pavia Unit, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lo Bello
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering—DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy; (G.L.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Marialaura Giannaccari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit (UdR) Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.R.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (L.V.)
- . Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), University of Pavia Unit, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Raiteri
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering—DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy; (G.L.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit (UdR) Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.R.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (L.V.)
- . Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), University of Pavia Unit, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Kowalewska A, Majewska-Smolarek K. Self-Healing Antimicrobial Silicones-Mechanisms and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3945. [PMID: 37835994 PMCID: PMC10575179 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Organosilicon polymers (silicones) are an important part of material chemistry and a well-established commercial product segment with a wide range of applications. Silicones are of enduring interest due to their unique properties and utility. Recently, new application areas for silicone-based materials have emerged, such as stretchable electronics, wearable stress sensors, smart coatings, and soft robotics. For this reason, research interest over the past decade has been directed towards new methods of crosslinking and increasing the mechanical strength of polyorganosiloxanes. The introduction of self-healing mechanisms may be a promising alternative for such high-value materials. This approach has gained both growing research interest and a rapidly expanding range of applications. Inherent extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing methods have been used in the self-healing of silicones and have resulted in significant advances in polymer composites and coatings, including multicomponent systems. In this review, we present a summary of research work dedicated to the synthesis and applications of self-healing hybrid materials containing polysiloxane segments, with a focus on antimicrobial and antifouling coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kowalewska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland;
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Sessa L, Diana R, Gentile FS, Mazzaglia F, Panunzi B. AIEgen orthopalladated hybrid polymers for efficient inactivation of the total coliforms in urban wastewater. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15790. [PMID: 37737240 PMCID: PMC10516893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitorable AIE polymers with a bioactive pattern are employed in advanced biomedical applications such as functional coatings, theranostic probes, and implants. After the global COVID-19 pandemic, interest in developing surfaces with superior antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and antiviral activities dramatically increased. Many formulations for biocide surfaces are based on hybrid organic/inorganic materials. Palladium (II) complexes display relevant activity against common bacteria, even higher when compared to their uncoordinated ligands. This article reports the design and synthesis of two series of orthopalladated polymers obtained by grafting a cyclopalladated fragment on two different O, N chelating Schiff base polymers. Different grafting percentages were examined and compared for each organic polymer. The fluorescence emission in the solid state was explored on organic matrixes and grafted polymers. DFT analysis provided a rationale for the role of the coordination core. The antibacterial response of the two series of hybrid polymers was tested against the total coliform group of untreated urban wastewater, revealing excellent inactivation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Francesco Silvio Gentile
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Mazzaglia
- C.R.A. S.R.L., Calle Giovanni Legrenzi, 2, 30171, Venice, VE, Italy
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy
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