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Xiong Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu F, Hao F, Fan Z. Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Ammonia Synthesis and the Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304021. [PMID: 37294062 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural nitrogen cycle has been severely disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The overuse of N-containing fertilizers induces the increase of nitrate level in surface and ground waters, and substantial emission of nitrogen oxides causes heavy air pollution. Nitrogen gas, as the main component of air, has been used for mass ammonia production for over a century, providing enough nutrition for agriculture to support world population increase. In the last decade, researchers have made great efforts to develop ammonia processes under ambient conditions to combat the intensive energy consumption and high carbon emission associated with the Haber-Bosch process. Among different techniques, electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) can achieve nitrate removal and ammonia generation simultaneously using renewable electricity as the power, and there is an exponential growth of studies in this research direction. Here, a timely and comprehensive review on the important progresses of electrochemical NO3RR, covering the rational design of electrocatalysts, emerging CN coupling reactions, and advanced energy conversion and storage systems is provided. Moreover, future perspectives are proposed to accelerate the industrialized NH3 production and green synthesis of chemicals, leading to a sustainable nitrogen cycle via prosperous N-based electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Wang H, Cao X, Chen M, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Huang M, Xia L, Wang Y, Li T, Zheng D, Luo Y, Sun S, Zhao X, Sun X. Unveiling Cutting-Edge Developments in Electrocatalytic Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312746. [PMID: 38198832 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The excessive enrichment of nitrate in the environment can be converted into ammonia (NH3) through electrochemical processes, offering significant implications for modern agriculture and the potential to reduce the burden of the Haber-Bosch (HB) process while achieving environmentally friendly NH3 production. Emerging research on electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (eNitRR) to NH3 has gained considerable momentum in recent years for efficient NH3 synthesis. However, existing reviews on nitrate reduction have primarily focused on limited aspects, often lacking a comprehensive summary of catalysts, reaction systems, reaction mechanisms, and detection methods employed in nitrate reduction. This review aims to provide a timely and comprehensive analysis of the eNitRR field by integrating existing research progress and identifying current challenges. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the research progress achieved using various materials in electrochemical nitrate reduction, elucidates the underlying theoretical mechanism behind eNitRR, and discusses effective strategies based on numerous case studies to enhance the electrochemical reduction from NO3 - to NH3. Finally, this review discusses challenges and development prospects in the eNitRR field with an aim to guide design and development of large-scale sustainable nitrate reduction electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Haijian Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Xiqian Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650092, China
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Lu Xia
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Tingshuai Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yongsong Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650092, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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Liu Y, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Li H, Huang W, Yang Y, Ye M, Liu Y. The interface-mediated electron structure tuning of RuO x-Co 3O 4 nano-particles for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:162-170. [PMID: 38018516 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The energy-intensive processes for the industrial production of ammonia necessitates the development of new methods to be proposed that will aid in reducing the global energy consumption. Specifically, the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) to produce ammonia is more thermodynamically feasible than the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). However, it is hindered by a low catalytic activity due to its complex reaction pathways. Herein, we synthesized a novel electrocatalyst, RuOx-Co3O4 nanoparticles, with abundant interfaces, which exhibited an enhanced catalytic activity for efficient ammonia synthesis. This catalyst delivered a partial current density of 65.8 mA cm-2 for NH3 production, a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 89.7%, and a superior ammonia yield rate of up to 210.5 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V vs. RHE. X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the formed interfacial Ru-O-Co bond can decorate the electronic structures of the active sites and accelerate the absorption of NO3-, thus promoting the production of ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yagang Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hangqi Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Weidong Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yuanteng Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Minghao Ye
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Yanxia Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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Wan Y, Du W, Chen K, Zhang N, Chu K. Electrocatalytic nitrite-to-ammonia reduction on isolated Cu sites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:2180-2185. [PMID: 37709610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We report that isolated Cu atoms anchored on MnO2 nanowires (Cu1/MnO2) can be an effective catalyst towards the electrocatalytic NO2--to-NH3 reduction (NO2RR). A combination of experiments and theoretical calculations reveals that isolated Cu sites can effectively activate NO2-, lower the energy barrier of *NO→*NOH rate-determining step and suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution, thus facilitating both activity and selectivity towards the NO2RR. As a result, Cu1/MnO2 shows the maximum NH3-Faradaic efficiency of 93.3% with a corresponding NH3 yield rate of 439.8 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.7 V vs. RHE, together with an excellent electrocatalytic durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wenyu Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Zhang Y, Wan Y, Liu X, Chen K, Chu K. Nb-doped NiO nanoflowers for nitrite electroreduction to ammonia. iScience 2023; 26:107944. [PMID: 37810221 PMCID: PMC10558769 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrite to ammonia (NO2RR) is considered as an appealing route to simultaneously achieve sustainable ammonia production and abate hazardous nitrite pollution. Herein, atomically Nb-doped NiO nanoflowers are designed as a high-performance NO2RR catalyst, which exhibits the highest NH3-Faradaic efficiency of 92.4% with an NH3 yield rate of 200.5 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V RHE. Theoretical calculations unravel that Nb dopants can act as Lewis acid sites to render effective NO2- activation, decreased protonation energy barriers, and restricted hydrogen evolution, ultimately leading to a high NO2RR selectivity and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuying Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- College of Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Chen H, Wei G, You Z, Liang X, Liu P, Yang Y, Tan F, Wang S, Xing J, Suib SL. Ca substitution improves the catalytic activity of perovskite LaCoO 3 toward toluene: comprehension of electronic structure alteration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12015-12018. [PMID: 37727990 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03286h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
For perovskite La1-xCaxCoO3 (Ca-x, x = 0-0.3), Ca-0.2 with the closest O p band center to the Fermi level, displays the best catalytic activity for toluene oxidation. The O p band center determines the reducibility and active oxygen content. This finding is beneficial for the design of highly active perovskite catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Gaoling Wei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, P.R. China
| | - Zijuan You
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Fuding Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Suhua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
| | - Jieqi Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Steven L Suib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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Yu Z, Xie J, Ren T, Yu H, Deng K, Wang Z, Wang H, Wang L, Xu Y. Electrochemical Postmodification-Induced Surface Atom Rearrangement over Cu Nanodendrites for Enhanced Electrosynthesis of Ammonia from Nitrate. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16228-16235. [PMID: 37724563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing nitrate from wastewater as a N-source for ammonia synthesis via electrocatalysis is of significance for both environmental protection and ecological nitrogen cycle balance, which requires high-performance electrocatalysts to drive selective nitrate-to-ammonia transformation. In this work, an electrochemical postmodification strategy was developed to regulate the surface structure of presynthesized Cu nanodendrites at the atomic level. A combination of physicochemical characterization and electrochemical study demonstrates that such a treatment could induce surface Cu atom rearrangement and result in increased electrochemically active surface area and high density of surface-active sites, disclosing a high electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia capability, with an optimal NH3 yield rate of 0.2238 mmol h-1 cm-2 and a corresponding Faradaic efficiency of 94.43%. This study may provide a guiding design avenue for atomic arrangement engineering of metallic nanocrystals via electrochemical postmodification for nitrate reduction reaction and other energy conversion electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Tianlun Ren
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Kai Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hongjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - You Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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Zhang Z, Wang T, Song Chen J, Dong K, Sun S, Luo Y, Guo H, Sun X, Li T. Cr 3C 2 nanoparticles decorated carbon nanofibers for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia at ambient conditions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:693-700. [PMID: 37321088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate (NO3-) reduction is a promising approach to relieve nitrate pollution and produce value-added ammonia (NH3), but efficient and durable catalysts are required due to the large bond dissociation energy of nitrate and low selectivity. Herein, we propose chromium carbide (Cr3C2) nanoparticles loaded carbon nanofibers (Cr3C2@CNFs) as electrocatalysts to convert nitrate to ammonia. In phosphate buffer saline containing 0.1 mol L-1 NaNO3, such catalyst achieves a large NH3 yield of 25.64 mg h-1 mg-1cat. and a high faradaic efficiency of 90.08% at -1.1 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode, which also shows excellent electrochemical durability and structural stability. Theoretical calculations reveal the adsorption energy for nitrate at Cr3C2 surfaces reaches -1.92 eV and the potential determining step (*NO→*N) for Cr3C2 hits a low energy increase of 0.38 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Tan Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Song Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yongsong Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Haoran Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xuping Sun
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Tingshuai Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China.
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