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Omran BA, Rabbee MF, Baek KH. Biologically inspired nanoformulations for the control of bacterial canker pathogens Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and subsp. capsici. J Biotechnol 2024; 392:34-47. [PMID: 38925504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and C. michiganensis subsp. capsici (Cmc) are phytopathogenic bacteria that cause bacterial canker disease in tomatoes and peppers, respectively. Bacterial canker disease poses serious challenges to solanaceous crops, causing significant yield losses and economic costs. Effective management necessitates the development of sustainable control strategies employing nanobiotechnology. In this study, the antibacterial effects of four Aspergillus sojae-mediated nanoformulations, including cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 NPs), and CoFe2O4/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT) bionanocomposite, were evaluated against Cmm and Cmc. The diameters of the zone of inhibition of A. sojae-mediated Co3O4 NPs, ZnO NPs, CoFe2O4 NPs, and CoFe2O4/fMWCNT bionanocomposite against Cmm and Cmc were 23.60 mm, 22.09 mm, 27.65 mm, 22.51 mm, and 19.33 mm, 17.66 mm, 21.64 mm, 18.77 mm, respectively. The broth microdilution assay was conducted to determine the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. The MICs of Co3O4 NPs, ZnO NPs, CoFe2O4 NPs, and CoFe2O4/fMWCNT bionanocomposite against Cmm were 2.50 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, 2.50 mg/mL, and 2.50 mg/mL, respectively. While, their respective MBCs against Cmm were 5.00 mg/mL, 2.50 mg/mL, 5.00 mg/mL, and 5.00 mg/mL. The respective MICs of Co3O4 NPs, ZnO NPs, CoFe2O4 NPs, and CoFe2O4/fMWCNT bionanocomposite against Cmc were 2.50 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, 5.00 mg/mL, and 5.00 mg/mL. While, their respective MBCs against Cmc were 5.00 mg/mL, 2.50 mg/mL, 10.00 mg/mL, and 10.00 mg/mL. The morphological and ultrastructural changes of Cmm and Cmc cells were observed using field-emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy before and after treatment with sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of the nanoformulations. Nanoformulation-treated bacterial cells became deformed and disrupted, displaying pits, deep cavities, and groove-like structures. The cell membrane detached from the bacterial cell wall, electron-dense particles accumulated in the cytoplasm, cellular components disintegrated, and the cells were lysed. Direct physical interactions between the prepared nanoformulations with Cmm and Cmc cells might be the major mechanism for their antibacterial potency. Further research is required for the in vivo application of the mycosynthesized nanoformulations as countermeasures to combat bacterial phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma A Omran
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea; Department of Processes Design & Development, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Fazle Rabbee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea.
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2
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Asaftei M, Lucidi M, Anton SR, Trompeta AF, Hristu R, Tranca DE, Fiorentis E, Cirtoaje C, Lazar V, Stanciu GA, Cincotti G, Ayala P, Charitidis CA, Holban A, Visca P, Stanciu SG. Antibacterial Interactions of Ethanol-Dispersed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33751-33764. [PMID: 39130555 PMCID: PMC11307305 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are acknowledged as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Statistics show that the annual death toll caused by bacterial infections has reached 14 million, most of which are caused by drug-resistant strains. Bacterial antibiotic resistance is currently regarded as a compelling problem with dire consequences, which motivates the urgent identification of alternative ways of fighting bacteria. Various types of nanomaterials have been reported to date as efficient antibacterial solutions. Among these, carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon nanodots, carbon graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have been shown to be effective in killing a wide panel of pathogenic bacteria. With this study, we aim to provide additional insights into this topic of research by investigating the antibacterial activity of a specific type of multiwalled CNTs, with diameters from 50 to 150 nm, against two representative opportunistic pathogens, i.e., the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both included among the top antibiotic-resistant pathogens. We also test the synergistic effect of CNTs with different antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus and/or P. aeruginosa. Additionally, a novel approach for quantitatively analyzing bacterial aggregation in brightfield microscopy images was implemented. This method was utilized to assess the effectiveness of CNTs, either alone or in combination with antibiotics, in dispersing bacterial aggregates. Finally, atomic force microscopy coupled with a newly devised image analysis pipeline was used to examine any potential morphological changes in bacterial cells following exposure to CNTs and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Asaftei
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute
of the University of Bucharest, University
of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Massimiliano Lucidi
- Department
of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
- NBFC,
National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefan Razvan Anton
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aikaterini-Flora Trompeta
- Research
Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology (R-NanoLab),
School of Chemical Engineering, National
Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou, 15773 Athens, Greece
| | - Radu Hristu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denis E. Tranca
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Efstathios Fiorentis
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Cirtoaje
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Lazar
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute
of the University of Bucharest, University
of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George A. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriella Cincotti
- Department
of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Ayala
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Costas A. Charitidis
- Research
Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology (R-NanoLab),
School of Chemical Engineering, National
Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou, 15773 Athens, Greece
| | - Alina Holban
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institute
of the University of Bucharest, University
of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department
of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica
Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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Thompson E, Qureshi A. Pathogens in FRI - Do bugs matter? - An analysis of FRI studies to assess your enemy. J Orthop 2024; 53:59-72. [PMID: 38476676 PMCID: PMC10925936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a devasting complication for both patients and their treating Orthopaedic surgeon that can lead to loss of limb function or even amputation. The unique and unpredictable features of FRI make its diagnosis and treatment a significant challenge. It has substantial morbidity and financial implications for patients, their families and healthcare providers. In this article, we perform an in-depth and comprehensive review of FRI through recent and seminal literature to highlight evolving definitions, diagnostic and treatment approaches, focusing on common pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, polymicrobial infections and multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDRO). Furthermore, multiple resistance mechanisms and adaptations for microbial survival are discussed, as well as modern evidence-based medical and surgical advancements in treatment strategies in combating FRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmet Thompson
- Limb Reconstruction Service, Trauma & Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Amir Qureshi
- Limb Reconstruction Service, Trauma & Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Jiang J, Lv X, Cheng H, Yang D, Xu W, Hu Y, Song Y, Zeng G. Type I photodynamic antimicrobial therapy: Principles, progress, and future perspectives. Acta Biomater 2024; 177:1-19. [PMID: 38336269 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has significantly diminished the efficacy of existing antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections. Consequently, the need for finding a strategy capable of effectively combating bacterial infections has become increasingly urgent. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered one of the most promising emerging antibacterial strategies due to its non-invasiveness, low adverse effect, and the fact that it does not lead to the development of drug resistance. However, bacteria at the infection sites often exist in the form of biofilm instead of the planktonic form, resulting in a hypoxic microenvironment. This phenomenon compromises the treatment outcome of oxygen-dependent type-II PDT. Compared to type-II PDT, type-I PDT is not constrained by the oxygen concentration in the infected tissues. Therefore, in the treatment of bacterial infections, type-I PDT exhibits significant advantages over type-II PDT. In this review, we first introduce the fundamental principles of type-I PDT in details, including its physicochemical properties and how it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Next, we explore several specific antimicrobial mechanisms utilized by type-I PDT and summarize the recent applications of type-I PDT in antimicrobial treatment. Finally, the limitations and future development directions of type-I photosensitizers are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have accelerated the development of bacterial resistance. To achieve the effective eradication of resistant bacteria, pathfinders have devised various treatment strategies. Among these strategies, type I photodynamic therapy has garnered considerable attention owing to its non-oxygen dependence. The utilization of non-oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy not only enables the effective elimination of drug-resistant bacteria but also facilitates the successful eradication of hypoxic biofilms, which exhibits promising prospects for treating biofilm-associated infections. Based on the current research status, we anticipate that the novel type I photodynamic therapy agent can surmount the biofilm barrier, enabling efficient treatment of hypoxic biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huijuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Wenjia Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 211200, China.
| | - Yanling Hu
- Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, Nanjing 210048, China.
| | - Yanni Song
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Guisheng Zeng
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-13 Immunos, Singapore 138648.
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