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Scibetta S, Miceli M, Iuliano M, Stefanuto L, Carbone E, Piscopo P, Petrozza V, Romeo G, Mangino G, Calogero A, Gasperi T, Rosa P. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacity of 3,3-Disubstituted-3H-benzofuran-2-one Derivatives in a Cellular Model of Neurodegeneration. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:422. [PMID: 38672695 PMCID: PMC11051253 DOI: 10.3390/life14040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress represents a hallmark for many degenerative pathologies of the Central Nervous System. Throughout life, the constant pressure of noxious stimuli and/or episodes of traumatic events may expose the brain to a microenvironment where the non-balanced reactive oxygen species inevitably lead to neuronal loss and cognitive decline. HO-1, a 32 kDa heat-shock protein catalyzing the degradation of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), iron and biliverdin/bilirubin is considered one of the main antioxidant defense mechanisms playing pivotal roles in neuroprotection. Restoring the redox homeostasis is the goal of many natural or synthetic antioxidant molecules pursuing beneficial effects on brain functions. Here, we investigated the antioxidant capacity of four selected benzofuran-2-one derivatives in a cellular model of neurodegeneration represented by differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to catechol-induced oxidative stress. Our main results highlight how all the molecules have antioxidant properties, especially compound 9, showing great abilities in reducing intracellular ROS levels and protecting differentiated SH-SY5Y cells from catechol-induced death. This compound above all seems to boost HO-1 mRNA and perinuclear HO-1 protein isoform expression when cells are exposed to the oxidative insult. Our findings open the way to consider benzofuran-2-ones as a novel and promising adjuvant antioxidant strategy for many neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Scibetta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Martina Miceli
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Luca Stefanuto
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Elena Carbone
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Paola Piscopo
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
- Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Calogero
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
- Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Tecla Gasperi
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (L.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Rosa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.I.); (V.P.); (G.R.); (G.M.); (A.C.)
- Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), 04100 Latina, Italy
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Riccieri A, Spagoni L, Li M, Franchini P, Rossi MN, Fratini E, Cervelli M, Bologna MA, Mancini E. Comparative genomics provides insights into molecular adaptation to hypermetamorphosis and cantharidin metabolism in blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Integr Zool 2024. [PMID: 38488179 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae) are currently subdivided into three subfamilies: Eleticinae (a basal group), Nemognathinae, and Meloinae. These are all characterized by the endogenous production of the defensive terpene cantharidin (CA), whereas the two most derived subfamilies show a hypermetamorphic larval development. Here, we provide novel draft genome assemblies of five species sampled across the three blister beetle subfamilies (Iselma pallidipennis, Stenodera caucasica, Zonitis immaculata, Lydus trimaculatus, and Mylabris variabilis) and performed a comparative analysis with other available Meloidae genomes and the closely-related canthariphilous species (Pyrochroa serraticornis) to disclose adaptations at a molecular level. Our results highlighted the expansion and selection of genes potentially responsible for CA production and metabolism, as well as its mobilization and vesicular compartmentalization. Furthermore, we observed adaptive selection patterns and gain of genes devoted to epigenetic regulation, development, and morphogenesis, possibly related to hypermetamorphosis. We hypothesize that most genetic adaptations occurred to support both CA biosynthesis and hypermetamorphosis, two crucial aspects of Meloidae biology that likely contributed to their evolutionary success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ming Li
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paolo Franchini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Emiliano Fratini
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
- Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco A Bologna
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Emiliano Mancini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
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Bracciale L, Loreti P, Bianchi G. Cybersecurity vulnerability analysis of medical devices purchased by national health services. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19509. [PMID: 37945583 PMCID: PMC10636100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing integration of software within medical devices introduces the potential for cybersecurity threats. How significant is this risk, and to what extent are citizens currently exposed? In this study, we adopt a new data-gathering methodology using datasets provided in Open Contracting Data Standard (OCDS). This allowed us to perform an extensive analysis across over 36 countries within a 12-year range, searching 92 million public administration purchase records for potentially vulnerable medical devices. The findings reveal a concerning landscape wherein numerous medical devices purchased by national health services possessed or still possess 661 distinct vulnerabilities-more than half of which are deemed critical or high-severity. These vulnerabilities enable relatively simple attacks to impact data confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility severely. Even if patches were applied immediately upon discovery, these vulnerabilities would still result in roughly 3.2 years of system exposure from the time a device is purchased until a software vulnerability is announced, with all classes of devices affected, including high-risk IIB and III devices which accounts for 74% of instances. While a full analysis requires interactivity, this noninvasive methodology enables a large-scale study, emphasizing the need to move faster from the safety to the security of medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bracciale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
- CNIT, National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunication, Parma, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Loreti
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- CNIT, National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunication, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bianchi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- CNIT, National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunication, Parma, Italy
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