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Zhao H, Yao L, Zhao J, Zhang M, Wang LA, Lv J, Zhang J. Chemical Compounds, Bioactivities, and Potential Applications of the Mushroom Species of Genus Suillus (Agaricomycetes): A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:25-41. [PMID: 38421694 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023051919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The genus Suillus, also known as "Song mo," falls under the order Boletales and consists of various higher fungi. It establishes mycorrhizae primarily with pine trees and has a good taste and medicinal values. Herein, we reviewed the chemical compounds present in the genus Suillus, including polysaccharides, steroids, phenols, polyprenyl phenol derivatives, fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, and their reported bioactivities and potential applications. This review aims to promote the utilization of the resources belonging to the genus Suillus and serves as a theoretical basis for their future studies and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yao
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang 050081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Moxin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-An Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
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Abstract
Various viral diseases, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, influenza, and hepatitis, have emerged as leading causes of human death worldwide. Scientific endeavor since invention of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of pox virus in 1967 resulted in better understanding of virus replication and development of various novel therapeutic strategies. Despite considerable advancement in every facet of drug discovery process, development of commercially viable, safe, and effective drugs for these viruses still remains a big challenge. Decades of intense research yielded a handful of natural and synthetic therapeutic options. But emergence of new viruses and drug-resistant viral strains had made new drug development process a never-ending battle. Small-molecule fungal metabolites due to their vast diversity, stereochemical complexity, and preapproved biocompatibility always remain an attractive source for new drug discovery. Though, exploration of therapeutic importance of fungal metabolites has started early with discovery of penicillin, recent prediction asserted that only a small percentage (5-10%) of fungal species have been identified and much less have been scientifically investigated. Therefore, exploration of new fungal metabolites, their bioassay, and subsequent mechanistic study bears huge importance in new drug discovery endeavors. Though no fungal metabolites so far approved for antiviral treatment, many of these exhibited high potential against various viral diseases. This review comprehensively discussed about antiviral activities of fungal metabolites of diverse origin against some important viral diseases. This also highlighted the mechanistic details of inhibition of viral replication along with structure-activity relationship of some common and important classes of fungal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit G Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Sikkim University, Gangtok, India
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Heinke R, Schöne P, Arnold N, Wessjohann L, Schmidt J, Schmidt J. Metabolite profiling and fingerprinting of Suillus species (Basidiomycetes) by electrospray mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2014; 20:85-97. [PMID: 24881458 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The genus Suillus is known for the occurrence of a series of prenylated phenols and boviquinones. The extracts of four different Suillus species [S. bovinus, S. granulatus, S. tridentinus and S.variegatus) were investigated by using rapid ultra-performance Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) and direct infusion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS). While direct infusion ESI-FT-ICR mass spectra give a fast overview concerning the elemental compositions of the compounds and, therefore, hints to the main metabolites, UPLC/ESI-tandem mass spectrometry is shown to be a useful tool for their identification. A principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the UPLC/ESI-MS clearly showed that the metabolite profiles can be used not only for the identification and classification of such fungi but also as a sophisticated and powerful tool for the chemotaxonomy of fungi. Furthermore, a clear discrimination of various types of biological samples (fruiting bodies versus mycelial cultures) is also possible. The orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) two-class models of both UPLC/ESI-MS and ESI-FT-ICR-MS possess a clear differentiation of two compared Suillus species representing the between class variation and the within class variation. Based on generated S-plots and Loading plots, statistically significant metabolites could be identified as potential biomarker for one species.
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Dayan FE, Rimando AM, Pan Z, Baerson SR, Gimsing AL, Duke SO. Sorgoleone. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:1032-9. [PMID: 20385394 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sorgoleone, a major component of the hydrophobic root exudate of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], is one of the most studied allelochemicals. The exudate also contains an equivalent amount of a lipid resorcinol analog as well as a number of minor sorgoleone congeners. Synthesis of sorgoleone is constitutive and compartmentalized within root hairs, which can accumulate up to 20 microg of exudate/mg root dry weight. The biosynthesis pathway involves unique fatty acid desaturases which produce an atypical 16:3 fatty acyl-CoA starter unit for an alkylresorcinol synthase that catalyzes the formation of a pentadecatrienylresorcinol intermediate. This intermediate is then methylated by SAM-dependent O-methyltransferases and dihydroxylated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. An EST data set derived from a S. bicolor root hair-specific cDNA library contained all the candidate sequences potentially encoding enzymes involved in the sorgoleone biosynthetic pathway. Sorgoleone interferes with several molecular target sites, including inhibition of photosynthesis in germinating seedlings. Sorgoleone is not translocated acropetally in older plants, but can be absorbed through the hypocotyl and cotyledonary tissues. Therefore, the mode of action of sorgoleone may be the result of inhibition of photosynthesis in young seedlings in concert with inhibition of its other molecular target sites in older plants. Due to its hydrophobic nature, sorgoleone is strongly sorbed in soil which increases its persistence, but experiments show that it is mineralized by microorganisms over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck E Dayan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Koch B, Kilpert C, Steglich W. Cristatomentin, a Green Pigment of Mixed Biogenetic Origin fromAlbatrellus cristatus(Basidiomycetes). European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bräse S, Encinas A, Keck J, Nising CF. Chemistry and Biology of Mycotoxins and Related Fungal Metabolites. Chem Rev 2009; 109:3903-90. [DOI: 10.1021/cr050001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Arantxa Encinas
- Institut für Organische Chemie,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Julia Keck
- Institut für Organische Chemie,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carl F. Nising
- Institut für Organische Chemie,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Lang M, Jägers E, Polborn K, Steglich W. Structure and absolute configuration of the fungal ansabenzoquinone rhizopogone. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:214-217. [PMID: 19175325 DOI: 10.1021/np8007073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The main pigment of the basidiomycete Rhizopogon pumilionus is the [13]paracyclophane derivative rhizopogone (1). The structures of 1 and the accompanying 2-acetoxyrhizopogone (5) were determined by spectroscopic studies, including 1D and 2D NMR measurements. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned by comparison of its CD spectrum with that of secotridentoquinone (4). The structures of 1 and tridentoquinone (3) suggest a common biosynthesis originating from 2-geranylgeranyl-6-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (9). This supports the close taxonomic relationship of the genera Rhizopogon and Suillus (Boletales).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lang
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munchen, Germany
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Lang M, Mühlbauer A, Jägers E, Steglich W. Studies on the Biosynthesis of Bovilactone-4,4 and Related Fungal Meroterpenoids. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lang M, Mühlbauer A, Gräf C, Beyer J, Lang-Fugmann S, Polborn K, Steglich W. Studies on the Structure and Biosynthesis of Tridentoquinone and Related Meroterpenoids from the MushroomSuillus tridentinus (Boletales). European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ahmed Z, Albrecht U, Langer P. Synthesis of Leprapinic Acid, Calycine and Analogues by Sequential “[3+2] Cyclization/Suzuki/Lactonization” Reactions. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ahmed Z, Langer P. Synthesis of natural pulvinic acids based on a ‘[3+2] cyclization–Suzuki cross-coupling’ strategy. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kim WG, Kim JW, Ryoo IJ, Kim JP, Kim YH, Yoo ID. Boletunones A and B, highly functionalized novel sesquiterpenes from Boletus calopus. Org Lett 2004; 6:823-6. [PMID: 14986984 DOI: 10.1021/ol049953i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Highly functionalized novel sesquiterpenes, named boletunones A and B, were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruiting body of the mushroom Boletus calopus. Their structures and relative stereochemistry were established by various spectral analyses. [structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gon Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 115, Yusong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
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Mühlbauer A, Beyer J, Steglich W. The biosynthesis of the fungal meroterpenoids boviquinone-3 and -4 follows two different pathways. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gill M, Steglich W. Pigments of fungi (Macromycetes). FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1987; 51:1-317. [PMID: 3315906 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6971-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gaylord MC, Benedict RG, Hatfield GM, Brady LR. Isolation of diphenyl-substituted tetronic acids from cultures of Paxillus atrotomentosus. J Pharm Sci 1970; 59:1420-3. [PMID: 5471946 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600591010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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