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Hong Y, Jiang W, Kuang S, Hu K, Tang L, Liu Y, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Feng L. Growth, digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp Ctenopharyngodonidella fed graded levels of dietary threonine. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:34. [PMID: 26257911 PMCID: PMC4529687 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was carried out to investigate effects of threonine levels on growth, digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodonidella). Results Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency were significantly improved by dietary threonine (P < 0.05). Intestinal activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, alpha-amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase took the similar trends. Contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in intestine and hepatopancreas were significantly decreased by dietary optimal threonine supplementation (P < 0.05). Anti-superoxide anion capacity, anti-hydroxyl radical capacity, glutathione content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase in intestine and hepatopancreas were enhanced by dietary threonine (P < 0.05). Conclusions Dietary threonine could improve growth, enhance digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp. The dietary threonine requirement of sub-adult grass carp (441.9-1,013.4 g) based on weight gain was 11.6 g/kg diet or 41.5 g/kg of dietary protein by quadratic regression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hong
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Shengyao Kuang
- Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Animal Nutrition Institute, Chengdu, 610066 China
| | - Kai Hu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Ling Tang
- Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Animal Nutrition Institute, Chengdu, 610066 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China ; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
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Ramírez Ríos S, Lamarche F, Cottet-Rousselle C, Klaus A, Tuerk R, Thali R, Auchli Y, Brunisholz R, Neumann D, Barret L, Tokarska-Schlattner M, Schlattner U. Regulation of brain-type creatine kinase by AMP-activated protein kinase: interaction, phosphorylation and ER localization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1271-83. [PMID: 24727412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and cytosolic brain-type creatine kinase (BCK) cooperate under energy stress to compensate for loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by either stimulating ATP-generating and inhibiting ATP-consuming pathways, or by direct ATP regeneration from phosphocreatine, respectively. Here we report on AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of BCK from different species identified by in vitro screening for AMPK substrates in mouse brain. Mass spectrometry, protein sequencing, and site-directed mutagenesis identified Ser6 as a relevant residue with one site phosphorylated per BCK dimer. Yeast two-hybrid analysis revealed interaction of active AMPK specifically with non-phosphorylated BCK. Pharmacological activation of AMPK mimicking energy stress led to BCK phosphorylation in astrocytes and fibroblasts, as evidenced with a highly specific phospho-Ser6 antibody. BCK phosphorylation at Ser6 did not affect its enzymatic activity, but led to the appearance of the phosphorylated enzyme at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), close to the ER calcium pump, a location known for muscle-type cytosolic creatine kinase (CK) to support Ca²⁺-pumping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacnicte Ramírez Ríos
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Lamarche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Klaus
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Roland Tuerk
- Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ramon Thali
- Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yolanda Auchli
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Brunisholz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Luc Barret
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Grenoble, France; Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.
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Phillips D, Aponte AM, Covian R, Balaban RS. Intrinsic protein kinase activity in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes. Biochemistry 2011; 50:2515-29. [PMID: 21329348 DOI: 10.1021/bi101434x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein phosphorylation is a well-recognized metabolic control mechanism, with the classical example of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) regulation by specific kinases and phosphatases of bacterial origin. However, despite the growing number of reported mitochondrial phosphoproteins, the identity of the protein kinases mediating these phosphorylation events remains largely unknown. The detection of mitochondrial protein kinases is complicated by the low concentration of kinase relative to that of the target protein, the lack of specific antibodies, and contamination from associated, but nonmatrix, proteins. In this study, we use blue native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) to isolate rat and porcine heart mitochondrial complexes for screening of protein kinase activity. To detect kinase activity, one-dimensional BN-PAGE gels were exposed to [γ-(32)P]ATP and then followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. Dozens of mitochondrial proteins were labeled with (32)P in this setting, including all five complexes of oxidative phosphorylation and several citric acid cycle enzymes. The nearly ubiquitous (32)P protein labeling demonstrates protein kinase activity within each mitochondrial protein complex. The validity of this two-dimensional BN-PAGE method was demonstrated by detecting the known PDH kinases and phosphatases within the PDH complex band using Western blots and mass spectrometry. Surprisingly, these same approaches detected only a few additional conventional protein kinases, suggesting a major role for autophosphorylation in mitochondrial proteins. Studies on purified Complex V and creatine kinase confirmed that these proteins undergo autophosphorylation and, to a lesser degree, tenacious (32)P-metabolite association. In-gel Complex IV activity was shown to be inhibited by ATP, and partially reversed by phosphatase activity, consistent with an inhibitory role for protein phosphorylation in this complex. Collectively, this study proposes that many of the mitochondrial complexes contain an autophosphorylation mechanism, which may play a functional role in the regulation of these multiprotein units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darci Phillips
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Yang YC, Fann MJ, Chang WH, Tai LH, Jiang JH, Kao LS. Regulation of sodium-calcium exchanger activity by creatine kinase under energy-compromised conditions. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:28275-85. [PMID: 20576602 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.141424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) is one of the major mechanisms for removing Ca(2+) from the cytosol especially in cardiac myocytes and neurons, where their physiological activities are triggered by an influx of Ca(2+). NCX contains a large intracellular loop (NCXIL) that is responsible for regulating NCX activity. Recent evidence has shown that proteins, including kinases and phosphatases, associate with NCX1IL to form a NCX1 macromolecular complex. To search for the molecules that interact with NCX1IL and regulate NCX1 activity, we used the yeast two-hybrid method to screen a human heart cDNA library and found that the C-terminal region of sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase (sMiCK) interacted with NCX1IL. Moreover, both sMiCK and the muscle-type creatine kinase (CKM) coimmunoprecipitated with NCX1 using lysates of cardiacmyocytes and HEK293T cells that transiently expressed NCX1 and various creatine kinases. Both sMiCK and CKM were able to produce a recovery in the decreased NCX1 activity that was lost under energy-compromised conditions. This regulation is mediated through a putative PKC phosphorylation site of sMiCK and CKM. The autophosphorylation and the catalytic activity of sMiCK and CKM are not required for their regulation of NCX1 activity. Our results suggest a novel mechanism for the regulation of NCX1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chi Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Dieni CA, Storey KB. Creatine kinase regulation by reversible phosphorylation in frog muscle. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 152:405-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Roger E, Mitta G, Moné Y, Bouchut A, Rognon A, Grunau C, Boissier J, Théron A, Gourbal BEF. Molecular determinants of compatibility polymorphism in the Biomphalaria glabrata/Schistosoma mansoni model: new candidates identified by a global comparative proteomics approach. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2007; 157:205-16. [PMID: 18083248 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Revised: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The co-evolutionary dynamics that exist in host-parasite interactions sometimes lead to compatibility polymorphisms, the molecular bases of which are rarely investigated. To identify key molecules that are involved in this phenomenon in the Schistosoma mansoni/Biomphalaria glabrata model, we developed a comparative proteomics approach using the larval stages that interact with the invertebrate host. We used qualitative and quantitative analyses to compare the total proteomes of primary sporocysts from compatible and incompatible parasite strains. The differentially expressed proteins thus detected belong to three main functional groups: (i) scavengers of reactive oxygen species, (ii) components of primary metabolism, and (iii) mucin-like proteins. We discuss the putative roles played by these protein families as determinants of compatibility polymorphism. Since mucins are known to play key roles in the host-parasite interplay, we consider the newly discovered S. mansoni mucin-like proteins (SmMucin-like) as the most promising candidates for influencing the fate of host-parasite interactions. An analysis of their expression is presented in a paper published in the same journal issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Roger
- Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5244, CNRS, EPHE, UPVD, Biologie & Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France
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Zurmanova J, Difato F, Malacova D, Mejsnar J, Stefl B, Zahradnik I. Creatine kinase binds more firmly to the M-band of rabbit skeletal muscle myofibrils in the presence of its substrates. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 305:55-61. [PMID: 17578655 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) (E.C. 2.7.3.2) buffers cellular ATP concentration during fluctuating ATP turnover. Muscle cytosolic CK isoform interacts with various subcellular structures where it is functionally coupled with relevant ATPases. However, how this interaction affects its activity is not known. We have therefore studied the interaction of CK with myofibrils and the role of different conformational states of CK molecule induced by ATP, phosphocreatine, ADP and the ATP-creatine pair. Purified rabbit psoas myofibrils with CK specific activity of 0.4+/-0.02 IU/mg were used. The exchange rates between the myofibrillar M-band and its surroundings were measured with fluorofore conjugated CK (IAF) by the Fluorescence Lost in Photobleaching (FLIP) method within a very narrow pH range 7.1-7.15. For CK-IAF without docked substrates, the time derivative of the initial loss of the fluorescent signal within the M-band equalled -3.26 at the fifth second and the decrease reached 82% by the 67th second. For CK-IAF with added substrates, the derivatives fell into the range of -0.95 to -1.30, with respective decreases from 16 to 46% at the 67th second. The results show that the substrates slowed down the exchange rate. This indicates that the strength of the bond between CK and the M-band of myofibrils increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Zurmanova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic.
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Stein EA, Cho K, Higgs PI, Zusman DR. Two Ser/Thr protein kinases essential for efficient aggregation and spore morphogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol 2006; 60:1414-31. [PMID: 16796678 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Myxococcus xanthus has a complex life cycle that involves vegetative growth and development. Previously, we described the espAB locus that is involved in timing events during the initial stages of fruiting body formation. Deletion of espA caused early aggregation and sporulation, whereas deletion of espB caused delayed aggregation and sporulation resulting in reduced spore yields. In this study, we describe two genes, pktA5 and pktB8, that flank the espAB locus and encode Ser/Thr protein kinase (STPK) homologues. Cells deficient in pktA5 or pktB8 formed translucent mounds and produced low spore yields, similar in many respects to espB mutants. Double mutant analysis revealed that espA was epistatic to pktA5 and pktB8 with respect to aggregation and fruiting body morphology, but that pktA5 and pktB8 were epistatic to espA with respect to sporulation efficiency. Expression profiles of pktA5-lacZ and pktB8-lacZ fusions and Western blot analysis showed that the STPKs are expressed under vegetative and developmental conditions. In vitro kinase assays demonstrated that the RD kinase, PktA5, autophosphorylated on threonine residue(s) and phosphorylated the artificial substrate, myelin basic protein. In contrast, autophosphorylation of the non-RD kinase, PktB8, was not observed in vitro; however, the phenotype of a pktB8 kinase-dead point mutant resembled the pktB8 deletion mutant, indicating that this residue was important for function and that it likely functions as a kinase in vivo. Immunoprecipitation of Tap-tagged PktA5 and PktB8 revealed an interaction with EspA during development in M. xanthus. These results, taken together, suggest that PktA5 and PktB8 are STPKs that function during development by interacting with EspA and EspB to regulate M. xanthus development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Stein
- Graduate Group in Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Vracar-Grabar M, Russell B. Creatine kinase is an alpha myosin heavy chain 3'UTR mRNA binding protein. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2005; 25:397-404. [PMID: 15548869 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-004-1141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Altered cardiac workload regulates the translation and localization of the alpha myosin heavy chain (alphaMyHC) messenger RNA through the 3' untranslated region (UTR) by protein-RNA interactions. We used the alphaMyHC 3'UTR from neonatal rat heart tissue in a gel shift analysis to find RNA binding proteins. One was identified by microsequencing as creatine kinase, brain form B (CKBB). The affinity of its binding interaction was evaluated using sense and antisense alphaMyHC 3'UTR and 3'UTR probes from myosin isoforms of 2B and 2X skeletal muscle. Removal of calcium by the chelating agent EGTA had a potentiating effect on the formation of the CKBB/alphaMyHC 3'UTR complex in vitro . Varying the concentration of ATP (0.1-1 mM) also enhanced this interaction, suggesting that autophosphorylation of CKBB is taking place. Our novel finding that CKBB, an energy transduction enzyme, binds to the RNA of the 3'UTR of the faster ATP consuming alphaMyHC suggests a possible regulatory linkage between the metabolic state of the cell and myosin isoform expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vracar-Grabar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (M/C 901), University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612-1342, USA
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