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Andrianov AK, Fuerst TR. Immunopotentiating and Delivery Systems for HCV Vaccines. Viruses 2021; 13:v13060981. [PMID: 34070543 PMCID: PMC8227888 DOI: 10.3390/v13060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of preventive vaccines against hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains one of the main strategies in achieving global elimination of the disease. The effort is focused on the quest for vaccines capable of inducing protective cross-neutralizing humoral and cellular immune responses, which in turn dictate the need for rationally designed cross-genotype vaccine antigens and potent immunoadjuvants systems. This review provides an assessment of the current state of knowledge on immunopotentiating compounds and vaccine delivery systems capable of enhancing HCV antigen-specific immune responses, while focusing on the synergy and interplay of two modalities. Structural, physico-chemical, and biophysical features of these systems are discussed in conjunction with the analysis of their in vivo performance. Extreme genetic diversity of HCV-a well-known hurdle in the development of an HCV vaccine, may also present a challenge in a search for an effective immunoadjuvant, as the effort necessitates systematic and comparative screening of rationally designed antigenic constructs. The progress may be accelerated if the preference is given to well-defined molecular immunoadjuvants with greater formulation flexibility and adaptability, including those capable of spontaneous self-assembly behavior, while maintaining their robust immunopotentiating and delivery capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas R. Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Protective T Cell and Antibody Immune Responses against Hepatitis C Virus Achieved Using a Biopolyester-Bead-Based Vaccine Delivery System. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2016; 23:370-8. [PMID: 26888185 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00687-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major worldwide problem. Chronic hepatitis C is recognized as one of the major causes of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. Although new, directly acting antiviral therapies are suggested to overcome the low efficacy and adverse effects observed for the current standard of treatment, an effective vaccine would be the only way to certainly eradicate HCV infection. Recently, polyhydroxybutyrate beads produced by engineered Escherichia coli showed efficacy as a vaccine delivery system. Here, an endotoxin-free E. coli strain (ClearColi) was engineered to produce polyhydroxybutyrate beads displaying the core antigen on their surface (Beads-Core) and their immunogenicity was evaluated in BALB/c mice. Immunization with Beads-Core induced gamma interferon (IFN-γ) secretion and a functional T cell immune response against the HCV Core protein. With the aim to target broad T and B cell determinants described for HCV, Beads-Core mixed with HCV E1, E2, and NS3 recombinant proteins was also evaluated in BALB/c mice. Remarkably, only three immunization with Beads-Core+CoE1E2NS3/Alum (a mixture of 0.1 μg Co.120, 16.7 μg E1.340, 16.7 μg E2.680, and 10 μg NS3 adjuvanted in aluminum hydroxide [Alum]) induced a potent antibody response against E1 and E2 and a broad IFN-γ secretion and T cell response against Core and all coadministered antigens. This immunological response mediated protective immunity to viremia as assessed in a viral surrogate challenge model. Overall, it was shown that engineered biopolyester beads displaying foreign antigens are immunogenic and might present a particulate delivery system suitable for vaccination against HCV.
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Martinez-Donato G, Amador-Cañizares Y, Alvarez-Lajonchere L, Guerra I, Pérez A, Dubuisson J, Wychowsk C, Musacchio A, Aguilar D, Dueñas-Carrera S. Neutralizing antibodies and broad, functional T cell immune response following immunization with hepatitis C virus proteins-based vaccine formulation. Vaccine 2014; 32:1720-6. [PMID: 24486345 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
HCV is a worldwide health problem despite the recent advances in the development of more effective therapies. No preventive vaccine is available against this pathogen. However, non-sterilizing immunity has been demonstrated and supports the potential success of HCV vaccines. Induction of cross-neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses targeting several conserved epitopes, have been related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance. Therefore, in this work, the immunogenicity of a preparation (MixprotHC) based on protein variants of HCV Core, E1, E2 and NS3 was evaluated in mice and monkeys. IgG from MixprotHC immunized mice and monkeys neutralized the infectivity of heterologous HCVcc. Moreover, strong CD4+ and CD8+ T cells proliferative and IFN-γ secretion responses were elicited against HCV proteins. Remarkably, immunization with MixprotHC induced control of viremia in a surrogate challenge model in mice. These results suggest that MixprotHC might constitute an effective immunogen against HCV in humans with potential for reducing the likelihood of immune escape and viral persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Martinez-Donato
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba.
| | - Yalena Amador-Cañizares
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Liz Alvarez-Lajonchere
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Ivis Guerra
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Angel Pérez
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Institut de Biologie de Lille (UMR8161), CNRS, Universite de Lille I & II and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Czeslaw Wychowsk
- Institut de Biologie de Lille (UMR8161), CNRS, Universite de Lille I & II and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alexis Musacchio
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Daylen Aguilar
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
| | - Santiago Dueñas-Carrera
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31, P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10 600, Cuba
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Shi JJ, Ji FH, He PL, Yang YX, Tang W, Zuo JP, Li YC. Synthesis and hepatitis C antiviral activity of 1-aminobenzyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide analogues. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:722-5. [PMID: 23512654 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
FIGHTING HCV: Two potent antiviral analogues were developed from a previously identified lead as novel agents against hepatitis C virus. Their potency and selectivity (5 n: IC50 =0.013 μM and EC50 =0.018 μM; 5 t: IC50 =0.007 μM and EC50 =0.024 μM) make them good candidates for further development as antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Hsp110-mediated enhancement of CD4+ T cell responses to the envelope glycoprotein of members of the family Flaviviridae in vitro does not occur in vivo. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2010; 18:311-7. [PMID: 21147937 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00414-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of heat shock proteins (HSP) to enhance activation of the immune response to chaperoned antigen is being explored for immunotherapy. Hsp110 chaperones large protein substrates more effectively than Hsp70, offering the potential to use complex antigens containing multiple epitopes in HSP-based vaccines. In this study, we investigated the ability of recombinant bovine Hsp110 to chaperone E2 glycoprotein, the major envelope protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and the dominant target of neutralizing antibodies. Hsp110 formed complexes with E2, as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. When monocytes from BVDV-immunized cattle were stimulated with these complexes and incubated with autologous CD4(+) T cells, enhanced levels of proliferation were observed. To determine the ability of these complexes to improve immunogenicity in vivo, cattle were vaccinated with either Hsp110-E2 complex or E2 only, combined with Quil-A adjuvant. In contrast to the in vitro data, cellular and humoral responses to E2 were greater in the E2-only vaccination group, indicating that complex formation had actually reduced the immunogenicity of E2. This study highlights the need for further understanding of the means by which HSP complexes are endocytosed and processed in vivo to enable the design of successful vaccine strategies.
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