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Lennon J, zur Lage P, von Kriegsheim A, Jarman AP. Strongly Truncated Dnaaf4 Plays a Conserved Role in Drosophila Ciliary Dynein Assembly as Part of an R2TP-Like Co-Chaperone Complex With Dnaaf6. Front Genet 2022; 13:943197. [PMID: 35873488 PMCID: PMC9298768 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.943197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonemal dynein motors are large multi-subunit complexes that drive ciliary movement. Cytoplasmic assembly of these motor complexes involves several co-chaperones, some of which are related to the R2TP co-chaperone complex. Mutations of these genes in humans cause the motile ciliopathy, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), but their different roles are not completely known. Two such dynein (axonemal) assembly factors (DNAAFs) that are thought to function together in an R2TP-like complex are DNAAF4 (DYX1C1) and DNAAF6 (PIH1D3). Here we investigate the Drosophila homologues, CG14921/Dnaaf4 and CG5048/Dnaaf6. Surprisingly, Drosophila Dnaaf4 is truncated such that it completely lacks a TPR domain, which in human DNAAF4 is likely required to recruit HSP90. Despite this, we provide evidence that Drosophila Dnaaf4 and Dnaaf6 proteins can associate in an R2TP-like complex that has a conserved role in dynein assembly. Both are specifically expressed and required during the development of the two Drosophila cell types with motile cilia: mechanosensory chordotonal neurons and sperm. Flies that lack Dnaaf4 or Dnaaf6 genes are viable but with impaired chordotonal neuron function and lack motile sperm. We provide molecular evidence that Dnaaf4 and Dnaaf6 are required for assembly of outer dynein arms (ODAs) and a subset of inner dynein arms (IDAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lennon
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Petra zur Lage
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Jarman
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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2
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Chagot ME, Boutilliat A, Kriznik A, Quinternet M. Structural Analysis of the Plasmodial Proteins ZNHIT3 and NUFIP1 Provides Insights into the Selectivity of a Conserved Interaction. Biochemistry 2022; 61:479-493. [PMID: 35315277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a widespread and lethal disease caused by the Plasmodium parasites that can infect human beings through Anopheles mosquitoes. For that reason, the biology of Plasmodium needs to be studied to develop antimalarial treatments. By determining the three-dimensional structures of macromolecules, structural biology helps to understand the function of proteins and can reveal how interactions occur between biological partners. Here, we studied the ZNHIT3 and NUFIP1 proteins from Plasmodium falciparum, two proteins tightly linked to the ribosome biology. Due to their important functions in post-translational modifications of ribosomal RNAs and in ribophagy, these proteins participate in the survival of cells. In this study, we solved the three-dimensional structure of a thermally stable and species-dependent complex between fragments of these proteins. Our results were compared to the AlphaFold predictions, which motivated the study of the free ZNHIT3 fragment that binds NUFIP1. We showed that the latter fragment multimerized in vitro but also had the inner ability to change its conformation to escape the solvent exposition of key hydrophobic residues involved in the interaction with NUFIP1. Our data could open the gate to selective drug discovery processes involving these two proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandre Kriznik
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, IBSLor, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Marc Quinternet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, IBSLor, F-54000 Nancy, France
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3
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Smith AJ, Bustamante-Marin XM, Yin W, Sears PR, Herring LE, Dicheva NN, López-Giráldez F, Mane S, Tarran R, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA, Ostrowski LE. The role of SPAG1 in the assembly of axonemal dyneins in human airway epithelia. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259512. [PMID: 35178554 PMCID: PMC8995097 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SPAG1, a dynein axonemal assembly factor (DNAAF) that facilitates the assembly of dynein arms in the cytoplasm before their transport into the cilium, result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogenous disorder characterized by chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease, infertility and laterality defects. To further elucidate the role of SPAG1 in dynein assembly, we examined its expression, interactions and ciliary defects in control and PCD human airway epithelia. Immunoprecipitations showed that SPAG1 interacts with multiple DNAAFs, dynein chains and canonical components of the R2TP complex. Protein levels of dynein heavy chains (DHCs) and interactions between DHCs and dynein intermediate chains (DICs) were reduced in SPAG1 mutants. We also identified a previously uncharacterized 60 kDa SPAG1 isoform, through examination of PCD subjects with an atypical ultrastructural defect for SPAG1 variants, that can partially compensate for the absence of full-length SPAG1 to assemble a reduced number of outer dynein arms. In summary, our data show that SPAG1 is necessary for axonemal dynein arm assembly by scaffolding R2TP-like complexes composed of several DNAAFs that facilitate the folding and/or binding of the DHCs to the DIC complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Smith
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ximena M. Bustamante-Marin
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Weining Yin
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Patrick R. Sears
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura E. Herring
- University of North Carolina Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nedyalka N. Dicheva
- University of North Carolina Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Shrikant Mane
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Margaret W. Leigh
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael R. Knowles
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Maimoona A. Zariwala
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lawrence E. Ostrowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Braschi B, Omran H, Witman GB, Pazour GJ, Pfister KK, Bruford EA, King SM. Consensus nomenclature for dyneins and associated assembly factors. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202109014. [PMID: 35006274 PMCID: PMC8754002 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyneins are highly complex, multicomponent, microtubule-based molecular motors. These enzymes are responsible for numerous motile behaviors in cytoplasm, mediate retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), and power ciliary and flagellar motility. Variants in multiple genes encoding dyneins, outer dynein arm (ODA) docking complex subunits, and cytoplasmic factors involved in axonemal dynein preassembly (DNAAFs) are associated with human ciliopathies and are of clinical interest. Therefore, clear communication within this field is particularly important. Standardizing gene nomenclature, and basing it on orthology where possible, facilitates discussion and genetic comparison across species. Here, we discuss how the human gene nomenclature for dyneins, ODA docking complex subunits, and DNAAFs has been updated to be more functionally informative and consistent with that of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a key model organism for studying dyneins and ciliary function. We also detail additional nomenclature updates for vertebrate-specific genes that encode dynein chains and other proteins involved in dynein complex assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Braschi
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - George B. Witman
- Division of Cell Biology and Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Gregory J. Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Worcester, MA
| | - K. Kevin Pfister
- Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Elspeth A. Bruford
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Stephen M. King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
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Dermouche S, Chagot ME, Manival X, Quinternet M. Optimizing the First TPR Domain of the Human SPAG1 Protein Provides Insight into the HSP70 and HSP90 Binding Properties. Biochemistry 2021; 60:2349-2363. [PMID: 33739091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetratricopeptide repeat domains, or TPR domains, are protein domains that mediate protein:protein interaction. As they allow contacts between proteins, they are of particular interest in transient steps of the assembly process of macromolecular complexes, such as the ribosome or the dynein arms. In this study, we focused on the first TPR domain of the human SPAG1 protein. SPAG1 is a multidomain protein that is important for ciliogenesis whose known mutations are linked to primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome. It can interact with the chaperones RUVBL1/2, HSP70, and HSP90. Using protein sequence optimization in combination with structural and biophysical approaches, we analyzed, with atomistic precision, how the C-terminal tails of HSPs bind a variant form of SPAG1-TPR1 that mimics the wild-type domain. We discuss our results with regard to other complex three-dimensional structures with the aim of highlighting the motifs in the TPR sequences that could drive the positioning of the HSP peptides. These data could be important for the druggability of TPR regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Dermouche
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Xavier Manival
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Marc Quinternet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, IBSLor, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Aprea I, Raidt J, Höben IM, Loges NT, Nöthe-Menchen T, Pennekamp P, Olbrich H, Kaiser T, Biebach L, Tüttelmann F, Horvath J, Schubert M, Krallmann C, Kliesch S, Omran H. Defects in the cytoplasmic assembly of axonemal dynein arms cause morphological abnormalities and dysmotility in sperm cells leading to male infertility. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009306. [PMID: 33635866 PMCID: PMC7909641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonemal protein complexes, such as outer (ODA) and inner (IDA) dynein arms, are responsible for the generation and regulation of flagellar and ciliary beating. Studies in various ciliated model organisms have shown that axonemal dynein arms are first assembled in the cell cytoplasm and then delivered into axonemes during ciliogenesis. In humans, mutations in genes encoding for factors involved in this process cause structural and functional defects of motile cilia in various organs such as the airways and result in the hereditary disorder primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Despite extensive knowledge about the cytoplasmic assembly of axonemal dynein arms in respiratory cilia, this process is still poorly understood in sperm flagella. To better define its clinical relevance on sperm structure and function, and thus male fertility, further investigations are required. Here we report the fertility status in different axonemal dynein preassembly mutant males (DNAAF2/ KTU, DNAAF4/ DYX1C1, DNAAF6/ PIH1D3, DNAAF7/ZMYND10, CFAP300/C11orf70 and LRRC6). Besides andrological examinations, we functionally and structurally analyzed sperm flagella of affected individuals by high-speed video- and transmission electron microscopy as well as systematically compared the composition of dynein arms in sperm flagella and respiratory cilia by immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we analyzed the flagellar length in dynein preassembly mutant sperm. We found that the process of axonemal dynein preassembly is also critical in sperm, by identifying defects of ODAs and IDAs in dysmotile sperm of these individuals. Interestingly, these mutant sperm consistently show a complete loss of ODAs, while some respiratory cilia from the same individual can retain ODAs in the proximal ciliary compartment. This agrees with reports of solely one distinct ODA type in sperm, compared to two different ODA types in proximal and distal respiratory ciliary axonemes. Consistent with observations in model organisms, we also determined a significant reduction of sperm flagellar length in these individuals. These findings are relevant to subsequent studies on the function and composition of sperm flagella in PCD patients and non-syndromic infertile males. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the fertility status in PCD-affected males and should help guide genetic and andrological counselling for affected males and their families. Impaired male fertility is a major issue and affects several men worldwide. Patients may present with reduced number or complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, as well as functional and/or morphological sperm defects compromising sperm motility. Despite several diagnostic efforts, the underlying causes of these defects often remain unknown („idiopathic“). The beating of sperm flagella as well as motile cilia, such as those of the respiratory tract, is driven by dynein-based motor protein complexes, namely outer and inner dynein arms. In motile cilia these protein complexes are known to be first assembled in the cytoplasm and then delivered into the cilium. In sperm, this process is still poorly understood. Here we analyze sperm cells of male individuals with mutations in distinct genes encoding factors involved in the preassembly of these motor protein complexes. Consistent with defects in their respiratory ciliated cells, these individuals also demonstrate defects in sperm flagella that cause male infertility due to immotile sperm, with a reduction of flagellar length. Our results strengthen the assumption that the preassembly process of outer and inner dynein arms is clinically relevant also in sperm and provide knowledge that should guide genetic and andrological counselling for a subgroup of men with idiopathic infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Aprea
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johanna Raidt
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Inga Marlena Höben
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Niki Tomas Loges
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tabea Nöthe-Menchen
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Petra Pennekamp
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Heike Olbrich
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Kaiser
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Luisa Biebach
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Tüttelmann
- Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Judit Horvath
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Maria Schubert
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Claudia Krallmann
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sabine Kliesch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Rodríguez CF, Llorca O. RPAP3 C-Terminal Domain: A Conserved Domain for the Assembly of R2TP Co-Chaperone Complexes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051139. [PMID: 32384603 PMCID: PMC7290369 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rvb1-Rvb2-Tah1-Pih1 (R2TP) complex is a co-chaperone complex that works together with HSP90 in the activation and assembly of several macromolecular complexes, including RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and complexes of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like family of kinases (PIKKs), such as mTORC1 and ATR/ATRIP. R2TP is made of four subunits: RuvB-like protein 1 (RUVBL1) and RuvB-like 2 (RUVBL2) AAA-type ATPases, RNA polymerase II-associated protein 3 (RPAP3), and the Protein interacting with Hsp90 1 (PIH1) domain-containing protein 1 (PIH1D1). R2TP associates with other proteins as part of a complex co-chaperone machinery involved in the assembly and maturation of a growing list of macromolecular complexes. Recent progress in the structural characterization of R2TP has revealed an alpha-helical domain at the C-terminus of RPAP3 that is essential to bring the RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 ATPases to R2TP. The RPAP3 C-terminal domain interacts directly with RUVBL2 and it is also known as RUVBL2-binding domain (RBD). Several human proteins contain a region homologous to the RPAP3 C-terminal domain, and some are capable of assembling R2TP-like complexes, which could have specialized functions. Only the RUVBL1-RUVBL2 ATPase complex and a protein containing an RPAP3 C-terminal-like domain are found in all R2TP and R2TP-like complexes. Therefore, the RPAP3 C-terminal domain is one of few components essential for the formation of all R2TP and R2TP-like co-chaperone complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Llorca
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-732-8000 (ext. 3000/3033)
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Role of the Novel Hsp90 Co-Chaperones in Dynein Arms' Preassembly. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246174. [PMID: 31817850 PMCID: PMC6940843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The outer and inner dynein arms (ODAs and IDAs) are composed of multiple subunits including dynein heavy chains possessing a motor domain. These complex structures are preassembled in the cytoplasm before being transported to the cilia. The molecular mechanism(s) controlling dynein arms’ preassembly is poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that canonical R2TP complex, an Hsp-90 co-chaperone, in cooperation with dynein axonemal assembly factors (DNAAFs), plays a crucial role in the preassembly of ODAs and IDAs. Here, we have summarized recent data concerning the identification of novel chaperone complexes and their role in dynein arms’ preassembly and their association with primary cilia dyskinesia (PCD), a human genetic disorder.
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