1
|
Fornera S, Bauer T, Schlüter AD, Walde P. Simple enzyme immobilization inside glass tubes for enzymatic cascade reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm13031e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
2
|
Investigation of a multienzyme based amperometric biosensor for determination of sucrose in fruit juices. Eur Food Res Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-008-0917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Mark SS, Stolper SI, Baratti C, Park JY, Taku MA, Santiago-Avilés JJ, Kricka LJ. Bioconjugation of Alkaline Phosphatase to Mechanically Processed, Aqueous Suspendible Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers for Use in Chemiluminescent Detection Assays. Macromol Biosci 2008; 8:484-98. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
4
|
Mattiasson B, Danielsson B, Mosbach K. Enzyme Thermistor Assay of Cholesterol, Glucose, Lactose and Uric Acid in Standard Solutions as Well as In Biological Samples. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032717608059098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Eshkenazi I, Maltz E, Zion B, Rishpon J. A three-cascaded-enzymes biosensor to determine lactose concentration in raw milk. J Dairy Sci 2000; 83:1939-45. [PMID: 11003221 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(00)75069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand for on-line measurement of milk composition directs science and industry to search for practical solutions, and biosensors may be a possibility. The specific objective of this work was to develop an electrochemical biosensor to determine lactose concentration in fresh raw milk. The sensor is based on serial reactions of three enzymes--beta-galactosidase, glucose oxidase, and horseradish peroxidase--immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode. The sequential enzymatic reactions increase the selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor. The sensor requires dilution of the raw milk and the addition of 5-aminosalicylic acid. Lactose concentrations in raw milk measured by the sensor were in good agreement with those measured by a reference laboratory using infrared technology. The results were obtained in milk samples that varied in fat and protein composition. From the results, we conclude that an electrochemical biosensor for determination of lactose concentration in fresh raw milk can be developed, and that the biosensor presented in this study maintained the qualities required for further development into an online sensor in the milking parlor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Eshkenazi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Venton DL, Gudipati E. Entrapment of enzymes using organo-functionalized polysiloxane copolymers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1250:117-25. [PMID: 7632715 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(95)00079-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study expands previous work [(1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 797, 343-347] by showing that organo-functionalized polysiloxane copolymers could entrap two of the most frequently immobilized enzymes, i.e. urease and invertase with retention of biological activity. Urease was solidly entrapped in the polymer formed from a 1:3 mixture of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethylorthosilicate. The entrapment yield and the activity of the entrapped enzyme are significantly greater than with other techniques reported to date. Significantly, the entrapped enzyme possessed greater activity than its solution counterpart (36% at higher amounts of enzyme entrapped). The entrapment process also rendered the enzyme more stable toward pH and temperature, and less susceptible toward the action of urea at high concentrations. In addition, the entrapment process significantly increased the stability, both operational and storage, of the urease enzyme. When invertase was entrapped in the same copolymer, it retained two thirds of its solution activity, but the entrapment yield was lower than that of urease. Results obtained during this study also suggested that the protein may be influencing polymer development in these systems and that the resultant polymer in turn may be affecting the enzyme's activity (see following paper for further discussion).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Venton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lendl B, Kellner R. Determination of sucrose by flow injection analysis with fourier transform infrared detection. Mikrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01244856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Huber RE, Gupta MN, Khare SK. The active site and mechanism of the beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1994; 26:309-18. [PMID: 8187928 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(94)90051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Huber
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Van Ness J, Kalbfleisch S, Petrie CR, Reed MW, Tabone JC, Vermeulen NM. A versatile solid support system for oligodeoxynucleotide probe-based hybridization assays. Nucleic Acids Res 1991; 19:3345-50. [PMID: 2062652 PMCID: PMC328333 DOI: 10.1093/nar/19.12.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A procedure for immobilization of well-defined quantities of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) to a versatile nylon support is described. The solid support, a nylon-6/6 bead, is covalently coated with poly(ethyleneimine) to provide a reactive spacer-arm for attachment of ODNs. 5'-Aminohexyl-tailed ODNs are selectively activated using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride) and then covalently attached to the bead via the triazine moiety. The modified nylon support has a low level of binding of nonspecific nucleic acid and efficiently captures both RNA and DNA targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Van Ness
- MicroProbe Corporation, Bothell, WA 98021
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Narinesingh D, Stoute VA, Davis G, Ngo TT. Flow injection analysis of lactose using covalently immobilized beta-galactosidase, mutarotase, and glucose oxidase/peroxidase on a 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium salt-activated Fractogel support. Anal Biochem 1991; 194:16-24. [PMID: 1907811 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90145-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Milk samples were analyzed for their lactose content using flow injection analysis and incorporating immobilized beta-galactosidase or beta-galactosidase/mutarotase and glucose oxidase/peroxidase bioreactors. These enzymes were immobilized, under mild conditions, on to a 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium salt-activated Fractogel support. The use of a phosphate buffer (0.15 M) was found to facilitate the rapid mutarotation of alpha-D-glucose and hence could obviate the need for the more expensive mutarotase. The chromogenic agents of choice for monitoring the reaction were 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone and 3-dimethylaminobenzoic acid. Linearity was observed over the concentration range 16-160 micrograms/ml using lactose standards (r = 0.996). Between 30 and 40 milk samples/h can be analyzed. Comparisons are made with existing HPLC and alkaline methylamine methods for a range of milk matrices. The FIA method consistently gives the lowest standard deviations and coefficient of variation for the various milk matrices analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Narinesingh
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Coughlan MP, Kierstan MP, Border PM, Turner AP. Analytical applications of immobilised proteins and cells. J Microbiol Methods 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-7012(88)90039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
β-Galactosidase covalently immobilized on fractogeL derivative: preparation, bioreactor flow kinetics, solvent effects and stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(88)80061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Larew LA, Mead DA, Johnson DC. Flow-injection determination of starch and total carbohydrate with an immobilized glucoamylase reactor and pulsed amperometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)86344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Olsson B, St»lbom B, Johansson G. Determination of sucrose in the presence of glucose in a flow-injection system with imomobilized multi-enzyme reactors. Anal Chim Acta 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)84464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
17
|
Kuan SS, Ngeh-ngwainbi J, Guilbault GG. Preliminary Study on Analytical Methods for the Determination of Thioglusides after Enzymatic Hydrolysis. ANAL LETT 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718608066270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
18
|
Lobarzewski J, Paszczynski A, Wolski T, Fiedurek J. Keratin and polyamide-coated inorganic matrices as supports for glucoamylase immobilization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984; 121:220-8. [PMID: 6203529 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)90710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previously solubilized feather keratin and polyamide were used for coating sand, glass beads and silica gel. These new seven supports were employed for comparative studies on pure glucoamylase / EC 3.2.1.3 / immobilization. The immobilization yield of glucoamylase on keratin and polyamide coated supports was comparable with conventional matrices used earlier. The highest activity per 1 g of support was shown by the enzyme bound to polyamide-coated CPG, and the bests operational stability by the enzyme immobilized on polyamide-coated CPG with keratin subsequently deposited on it.
Collapse
|
19
|
Decristoforo G, Knauseder F. Rapid determination of cephalosporins with an immobilized enzyme reactor and sequential subtractive spectrophotometric detection in an automated flow-injection system. Anal Chim Acta 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)81495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Mercer DG, O'Driscoll KF. Kinetic modeling of a multiple immobilized enzyme system. I. Development and testing of the model. Biotechnol Bioeng 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260231106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
22
|
Open Tubular Heterogeneous Enzyme Reactors in Continuous-Flow Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-041103-0.50007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
23
|
Mazid MA, Laidler KJ. Flow kinetics of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase attached to nylon tubing. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1980; 614:225-36. [PMID: 6996730 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(80)90212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) was attached covalently to the inner surface of nylon tubing, and the immobilized enzyme retained its activity over a period of months. A study was made of the flow kinetics for the reaction between ethanol and NAD. With the ethanol held at saturating concentrations there was partial diffusion control, the extent decreasing with increasing flow rate and increasing NAD concentration. With the NAD at saturating concentrations there was no appreciable diffusion control. The apparent Michaelis constants varied with flow rate vf, being linear in vf-1/3, and extrapolation to infinite flow rate (vf-1/3 = 0) gave the intrinsic Michaelis constants. The inhibition by products was also studied. The results for both NADH and acetaldehyde showed mixed competitive and non-competitive inhibition, with a preponderance of the former. Acetaldehyde is the stronger inhibitor, and this is consistent with the lack of dissusion control with variable ethanol. Inhibition by acetaldehyde is not affected by flow rate, but inhibition by NADH is affected, presumably because of the greater degree of diffusion control with variable NAD.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yeung KK, McKinney RA, Dain JA. Hydrolysis of galactose from glycolipids and glycoprotein by young rat brain beta-galactosidases immobilized to Sepharose 4B. J Neurochem 1980; 35:407-11. [PMID: 6161222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb06279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An extract of glycosidic enzymes from young rat brain was immobilized to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose 4B. Most glycosidases retained approximately 10--25% of their activities after immobilization. Immobilized beta-galactosidases were used repeatedly without detectable loss of enzyme activity in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside. In addition to the synthetic substrate, the immobilized rat brain beta-galactosidases could also hydrolyze galactose from lactose, galactosylcerebroside, asialofetuin, and GM1-ganglioside. The hydrolysis of GM1- to GM2-ganglioside was confirmed on TLC.
Collapse
|
25
|
Beddows CG, Mirauer RA, Guthrie JT. Immobilization of beta-galactosidase and other enzymes onto p-amino-carbanilated cellulose derivatives. Biotechnol Bioeng 1980; 22:311-21. [PMID: 6766331 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260220206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
beta-Galactosidase and other enzymes were immobilized on p-amino-carbanilated derivatives of cellulose and methylol cellulose using the diazo method and through glutaraldehyde. The optimum conditions for coupling cellulose tri-(p-amino-carbanilate) (CTAC) to beta-galactosidase were established. The diazo coupling method with CTAC gave greater activity than with glutaraldehyde when coupled to beta-galactosidase (Escherichia coli). The stability of the CTAC-beta--galactosidase system was examined. The disubstituted p-amino-carbanilate derivative (CDAC) gave a lower activity, whereas the methylol analog (MCTAC) gave slightly greater activity. The CTAC was also used to immobilize glucose oxidase, trypsin, pepsin, and papain.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bowers LD, Carr PW. Immobilized enzymes in analytical chemistry. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING, VOLUME 15 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/3540096868_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
27
|
Webster IA, Shuler ML, Rony PR. Whole-cell hollow-fiber reactor: Effectiveness factors. Biotechnol Bioeng 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260211004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
28
|
Mosbach K, Mattiasson B. Immobilized model systems of enzyme sequences. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1978; 14:197-241. [PMID: 32013 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152814-0.50009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
29
|
Sweeney DC. Affinity chromatography ofEuglena: A novel means of sorting phytoplankton species. Cell Mol Life Sci 1977. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01920210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
30
|
Ngo TT, Narinesingh D, Laidler KJ. Hydrolysis of D-galactosides in an open tubular lactase reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 1976; 18:119-27. [PMID: 1044283 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260180110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lactase (beta-galactosidase) was attached to the inner surface of nylon tubing. Tubes of various lengths were used to bring about the hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactoside and of lactose in skim milk. The results with the former substrate were analyzed in the light of a theoretical treatment of Kobayashi and Laidler (Biotechnol. Bioeng., 16, 99, 1974), with the conclusion that the reaction is intermediate between diffusion-free and completely diffusion-controlled behavior. The results with skim milk show that with a single 46 m tube and continuous circulation, 90% of the lactose is removed within 20 hr. A battery of ten such tubes, with single passage, at a flow rate of 2 cm/sec, would remove more than 99% of the lactose in less than 40 min.
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Campbell J, Hornby WE. Immobilized glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase. Steady state kinetic analysis and stability studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 403:79-88. [PMID: 1174551 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
1. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1) was immobilized on amino ethyl cellulose using the bifunctional reagent diethyl adipimidate. 2. The steady state kinetic analysis was performed for the particulate and the free enzyme, and the Michaelis constants measured for the amino ethyl cellulose derivative were not greatly different from those measured for the free glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, while the latter were in good agreement with values in the literature. 3. The amino ethyl cellulose-glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase was slightly more stable than the free enzyme at 65 degrees C, but was stabilised less by polyethylene glycol than the free enzyme.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ngo TT, Laidler KJ. Immobilized electric eel acetylcholinesterasemii. II. Flow kinetics of acetylcholinesterase chemically attached to nylon tubing. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 377:317-30. [PMID: 1168075 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase has been attached covalently to the inner surface of nylon tubing. An experimental study has been carried out on the flow kinetics; solutions of acetylthiocholine at various concentrations were passed through tubing at various flow rates, and measurements made of the rates of formation of product. The results were analyzed in the light of the theoretical treatment of Kobayashi and Laidler, four different methods of analysis being employed. It is found that at lower substrate concentrations and flow rates the reactions are largely diffusion controlled. The Km(app) values are substantially higher than the Km value for diffusion-free conditions, but approach it as the flow rate is increased, when the diffusion layer becomes less important. The results are entirely consistent with the Kobayaski-Laidler theory, and provide guidelines for the design of open tubular heterogeneous enzyme reactors, both for industrial and analytic purposes.
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Ikeda SI, Sumi Y, Fukui S. Application of immobilized aspartate aminotransferase and immobilized aspartate aminotransferase-malate dehydrogenase coupled system to micro-assay of L-aspartic acid. FEBS Lett 1974; 47:295-8. [PMID: 4473381 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)81033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|