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Schooley JF, Namboodiri AMA, Cox RT, Bünger R, Flagg TP. Acetate transiently inhibits myocardial contraction by increasing mitochondrial calcium uptake. BMC PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 14:12. [PMID: 25488103 PMCID: PMC4274725 DOI: 10.1186/s12899-014-0012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background There is a close relationship between cardiovascular disease and cardiac energy metabolism, and we have previously demonstrated that palmitate inhibits myocyte contraction by increasing Kv channel activity and decreasing the action potential duration. Glucose and long chain fatty acids are the major fuel sources supporting cardiac function; however, cardiac myocytes can utilize a variety of substrates for energy generation, and previous studies demonstrate the acetate is rapidly taken up and oxidized by the heart. In this study, we tested the effects of acetate on contractile function of isolated mouse ventricular myocytes. Results Acute exposure of myocytes to 10 mM sodium acetate caused a marked, but transient, decrease in systolic sarcomere shortening (1.49 ± 0.20% vs. 5.58 ± 0.49% in control), accompanied by a significant increase in diastolic sarcomere length (1.81 ± 0.01 μm vs. 1.77 ± 0.01 μm in control), with a near linear dose response in the 1–10 mM range. Unlike palmitate, acetate caused no change in action potential duration; however, acetate markedly increased mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake blocker, Ru-360 (10 μM), markedly suppressed the effect of acetate on contraction. Conclusions Lehninger and others have previously demonstrated that the anions of weak aliphatic acids such as acetate stimulate Ca2+ uptake in isolated mitochondria. Here we show that this effect of acetate appears to extend to isolated cardiac myocytes where it transiently modulates cell contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Schooley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University for the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Rm. C-2114, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA.
| | - Aryan M A Namboodiri
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University for the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Rm. C-2114, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA.
| | - Rachel T Cox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University for the Health Sciences, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA.
| | - Rolf Bünger
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University for the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Rm. C-2114, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA.
| | - Thomas P Flagg
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University for the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Rm. C-2114, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA.
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Lännergren J, Bruton JD. Mitochondrial Ca2+ in mouse soleus single muscle fibres in response to repeated tetanic contractions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2004; 538:557-62; discussion 562. [PMID: 15098698 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9029-7_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lännergren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bruton J, Tavi P, Aydin J, Westerblad H, Lännergren J. Mitochondrial and myoplasmic [Ca2+] in single fibres from mouse limb muscles during repeated tetanic contractions. J Physiol 2003; 551:179-90. [PMID: 12815178 PMCID: PMC2343157 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.043927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on single fast-twitch fibres from mouse toe muscles have shown marked fatigue-induced changes in the free myoplasmic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i), while mitochondrial [Ca2+] remained unchanged. We have now investigated whether muscle fibres from the legs of mice respond in a similar way. Intact, single fibres were dissected from the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of adult mice. To measure [Ca2+]i, indo-1 was injected into the isolated fibres. Mitochondrial [Ca2+] was measured using Rhod-2 and confocal laser microscopy. Fatigue was induced by up to 1000 tetanic contractions (70 Hz) given at 2 s intervals. In soleus fibres, there was no significant decrease in tetanic [Ca2+]i at the end of the fatiguing stimulation, whereas tetanic force was significantly reduced by about 30 %. In 10 out of 14 soleus fibres loaded with Rhod-2 and subjected to fatigue, mitochondrial [Ca2+] increased to a maximum after about 50 tetani; this increase was fully reversed within 20 min after the end of stimulation. The force-frequency curve of the non-responding soleus fibres was shifted to higher frequencies compared to that of the responding fibres. In addition, eight out of nine Rhod-2-loaded EDL fibres showed similar changes in mitochondrial [Ca2+] during and after a period of fatiguing stimulation. The stimulation-induced increase in mitochondrial [Ca2+] was reduced when mitochondria were depolarised by application of carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone, whereas it was increased by application of an inhibitor of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchange (CGP-37157). In conclusion, isolated slow-twitch muscle fibres show only modest changes in tetanic force and [Ca2+]i during repeated contractions. The increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ does not appear to be essential for activation of mitochondrial ATP production, nor does it cause muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bruton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Gandhi CR, Ross DH. Stimulation of synaptosomal ATP-dependent Ca2+-uptake by N-ethylmaleimide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987; 144:1273-80. [PMID: 2953341 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(87)91448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of rat brain synaptosomal lysate with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) was found to stimulate ATP-dependent Ca2+-uptake. This Ca2+-uptake stimulation was blocked by dithioerythritol (DTE), mitochondrial inhibitors oligomycin and sodium azide, but not by vanadate, an inhibitor of plasma membrane Ca2+ pump. Maximal stimulation of Ca2+-uptake was observed at a NEM/protein ratio of 0.1 mumole/0.5-1.0 mg. On fractionation, it was found that NEM did not affect synaptic plasma membrane Ca2+-uptake, but almost doubled it in synaptic mitochondria.
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Busselen P. Suppression of cellular injury during the calcium paradox in rat heart by factors which reduce calcium uptake by mitochondria. Pflugers Arch 1985; 404:166-71. [PMID: 4011406 DOI: 10.1007/bf00585414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts were used to study changes in the Ca, Na and K content, contractile force and the loss of cellular material during the Ca paradox. Five minutes perfusion with Ca-free solution containing 1 mM EGTA, followed by 10 min of reperfusion in 1.8 mM Ca causes irreversible contracture, K loss, increase in Na and Ca and a massive release of myoglobin and other cellular material into the perfusate (the calcium paradox). During the Ca-free perfusion the ventricles gain Na but the K content decreases slightly. The size of the Na gain appears to depend upon the buffer used and is larger in bicarbonate than in Tris. When HCO3- or H2PO4- ions are omitted from the bathing solution (in Tris, HEPES, or TES buffered salines) the adverse effects of Ca readmission are reduced. Tris buffer gives the best protection. Metabolic inhibition with FCCP (5 X 10(-7) M), or with CN-(2 X 10(-3) M) together with iodoacetic acid (2 X 10(-3) M), decreases Ca uptake during the Ca paradox and inhibits the release of cellular material. In both cases a contracture is observed. Ruthenium red (10(-4) M) does not inhibit the Ca readmission contracture but reduces the release of cellular material and the gain of Ca and Na. The results suggest that the loss of cellular constituents during the calcium paradox, is related to an active uptake of Ca by the mitochondria and may lead to massive changes in the cellular ion concentration, during Ca-repletion.
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Ligeti E, Lukács GL. Phosphate transport, membrane potential, and movements of calcium in rat liver mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1984; 16:101-13. [PMID: 6536672 DOI: 10.1007/bf00743043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The membrane potential and calcium accumulation of mitochondria were followed by ion-specific electrodes in the presence of the proton-donor anions phosphate, acetate, glutamate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Phosphate was the only anion which allowed rapid and complete restoration of both the membrane potential and the steady-state extramitochondrial calcium concentration after the uptake of 100-200 nmol calcium per mg protein. If there was no influx of any proton-donor anion, the extent of calcium uptake depended on the intramitochondrial phosphate content. Both the fall of the membrane potential and the increase of the external calcium concentration brought about by a given amount of uncoupler were counteracted by phosphate transported into the mitochondria.
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Diwan JJ, DeLucia A, Rose PE. Interacting effects of dibutylchloromethyltin chloride, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, and other reagents on mitochondrial respiration and K+ flux. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1983; 15:277-88. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00744525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Harris EJ, Heffron JJ. The stimulation of the release of Ca2+ from mitochondria by sodium ions and its inhibition. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 218:531-9. [PMID: 7159098 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Mela L, Hess B. Influence of inorganic phosphate on the kinetics of heart mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1982; 106:1280-5. [PMID: 7115400 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(82)91251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
The present paper has reviewed several factors related to ion transport and examined the properties of cation transport in mitochondria. The analysis suggests that: (1) The concept that a metabolically dependent electrical potential across the mitochondrial membrane plays a role in determining ion fluxes and steady-state concentrations is not justified and the data indicate that such exchanges are generally electroneutral. (2) Generally, the influx and efflux of an ion proceed by the same mechanism with at least one exception. (3) There are indications that some of the steps in transport are common to several cations. (4) The idea that carrier or ionophoric molecules are involved in cation transport has been examined in some detail together with the possible involvement of some known mitochondrial components. In particular, a model has been introduced in which local charge imbalances produced by H+ fluxes serve as the driving force of transport. The molecules of the complex are arranged in series in a tripartite arrangement including a filter or gate, a nonselective channel and an H+-transferring portion linked to either electron transport or the ATPase. Parts of this model have been introduced by other investigators. Models in which different portions of channels have differing functions have been proposed previously for other transport systems.
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Al-Shaikhaly M, Baum H, Cannon B. Characteristics of Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria of brown adipose tissue. Cell Calcium 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0143-4160(80)90042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Harris EJ, Baum H. Uptake of safranine by cardiac mitochondria. Competition with calcium ions and dependence on anions. Biochem J 1980; 192:551-7. [PMID: 6165355 PMCID: PMC1162370 DOI: 10.1042/bj1920551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Some characteristics of the energized uptake of safranine by rat heart mitochondria were studied. When monitored by changes in differential absorbance (between 524 and 554 nm) of a whole suspension in safranine-containing medium, the changes seen are not linearly related to the quantity of the safranine moving. It happens coincidentally that the changes observed are nearly linearly related to the logarithm of the ratio between the accumulated safranine and its residual concentration in the medium; this explains why the changes of absorbance have been found by other authors to be linearly related to the logarithms of the ratio of internal/external concentrations of such other cations as are permeable. The uptake process appears to compete for energy with Ca2+ uptake and vice versa. Energized safranine uptake has an anion requirement, which is seen when movement of endogenous Pi has been inhibited; the small residual safranine uptake obtained when energy is provided in the presence of mersalyl may be attributable to internal Pi. However, a limited anion-independent energized uptake of safranine, in exchange for internal K+, may be elicited in the presence of nigericin. Adding ATP to the energized system in the presence of an inhibitor of Pi movement elicits an additional uptake of safranine that is oligomycin-sensitive and that probably arises on account of generation of internal Pi by hydrolysis of the entering ATP.
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Abstract
We have assayed carbonic anhydrase activity (carbonate dehydratase, carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1) and bicarbonate permeability in suspensions of broken and intact guinea pig mitochondria by monitoring the disappearance of C16O18O. We found significant activity in preparations from liver and skeletal muscle, but not in preparations from heart muscle, brain, and kidney. Intact mitochondria containing carbonic anhydrase produce a two-phase acceleration of the disappearance of the labeled CO2, which indicates that the enzyme is located in a region more accessible to CO2 than to HCO3-. Acetazolamide inhibits the enzyme activity instantly in broken mitochondria but only after a delay in intact mitochondria, indicating that the enzyme is in a region not immediately accessible to the inhibitor. Sonication of mitochondria containing carbonic anhydrase activity releases the enzyme, which remains in the supernatant after sedimentation of the submitochondrial particles. This shows that mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase is in the matrix compartment and not in, or bound to, the inner membrane. The activity of the enzyme increases markedly with increasing pH. The enzyme activity of intact mitochondria is greater than that of the broken mitochondria at the same pH of the suspending fluid, corresponding to an intramitochondrial pH that is 0.2-0.5 unit more alkaline.
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Mörikofer-Zwez S, Walter P. In vitro formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by liver cytosol from fed and starved rats. Effect of divalent cations on the conversion rate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1979; 91:1182-9. [PMID: 118752 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)92004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Harris EJ, Al-Shaikhaly M, Baum H. Stimulation of mitochondrial calcium ion efflux by thiol-specific reagents and by thyroxine. The relationship to adenosine diphosphate retention and to mitochondrial permeability. Biochem J 1979; 182:455-64. [PMID: 41519 PMCID: PMC1161327 DOI: 10.1042/bj1820455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Respiring rat heart mitochondria were loaded with Ca2+ and then treated with Ruthenium Red. The factors affecting the subsequent Ca2+-efflux were studied. Addition of rotenone or antimycin led to a decline of efflux except at pH values above 7.2, provided the load was less than about 80 nmol per mg of protein. Oligomycin reversed the effect of the respiratory inhibitors. Independently of respiration, efflux was stimulated by the uncoupler trifluoromethyltetrachlorbenzimadazole, by mersalyl and by thyroid hormones. The stimulated efflux could be diminished by ADP, with Mg2+ as cofactor if efflux was rapid. With respiration in progress, efflux could be stimulated by N-ethylmaleimide and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate). The effects of mersalyl and of thyroid hormones could be diminished with dithiothreitol. In the absence of stimulating agents, the Ca2+ efflux was proportional to the load up to some critical amount, this critical amount was decreased by the agents. Thyroxine and mersalyl caused not only loss of Ca2+, but also simultaneous, but not necessarily proportional, loss of internal adenine nucleotides. Both efflux rates were kept at a low value by bongkrekic acid added before the stimulating agent. It is concluded that Ca2+ efflux is a measure of a permeability controlled by the binding of ADP (an Mg2+) to the inner membrane, and that this in turn depends on the maintenance of certain thiol gropus in a reduced form by a reaction that uses NADH and ATP and the energy-linked transhydrogenase.
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Wehrle JP, Pedersen PL. Phosphate transport in rat liver mitochondria. Properties of a Ca2+-activated uptake process in inverted inner membrane vesicles. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Fiskum G, Lehninger AL. Regulated release of Ca2+ from respiring mitochondria by Ca2+/2H+ antiport. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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