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Chen X, Liu S, Peng X, Zong X. The roles of anti-Müllerian hormone in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e230060. [PMID: 37410375 PMCID: PMC10448580 DOI: 10.1530/erc-23-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced and secreted by granulosa cells of growing follicles, and its main role is to inhibit the recruitment of primordial follicles, reduce the sensitivity of follicles to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and regulate FSH-dependent preantral follicle growth. It has become an effective indicator of ovarian reserve in clinical practice. Research on AMH and its receptors in recent years has led to a better understanding of its role in breast cancer. AMH specifically binds to anti-Müllerian hormone receptor II (AMHRII) to activate downstream pathways and regulate gene transcription. Since AMHRII is expressed in breast cancer cells and triggers apoptosis, AMH/AMHRII may play an important role in the occurrence, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer, which needs further research. The AMH level is a potent predictor of ovarian function after chemotherapy in premenopausal breast cancer patients older than 35 years, either for ovarian function injury or ovarian function recovery. Moreover, AMHRII has the potential to be a new marker for the molecular typing of breast cancer and a new target for breast cancer treatment, which may be a link in the downstream pathway after TP53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sixuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyun Zong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Chauvin M, Garambois V, Choblet S, Colombo PE, Chentouf M, Gros L, De Brauwere DP, Duonor-Cerutti M, Dumas K, Robert B, Jarlier M, Martineau P, Navarro-Teulon I, Pépin D, Chardès T, Pèlegrin A. Anti-Müllerian hormone concentration regulates activin receptor-like kinase-2/3 expression levels with opposing effects on ovarian cancer cell survival. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:43. [PMID: 34013359 PMCID: PMC8131086 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti‑Müllerian hormone (AMH) type II receptor (AMHRII) and the AMH/AMHRII signaling pathway are potential therapeutic targets in ovarian carcinoma. Conversely, the role of the three AMH type I receptors (AMHRIs), namely activin receptor‑like kinase (ALK)2, ALK3 and ALK6, in ovarian cancer remains to be clarified. To determine the respective roles of these three AMHRIs, the present study used four ovarian cancer cell lines (COV434‑AMHRII, SKOV3‑AMHRII, OVCAR8, KGN) and primary cells isolated from tumor ascites from patients with ovarian cancer. The results demonstrated that ALK2 and ALK3 may be the two main AMHRIs involved in AMH signaling at physiological endogenous and supraphysiological exogenous AMH concentrations, respectively. Supraphysiological AMH concentrations (25 nM recombinant AMH) were associated with apoptosis in all four cell lines and decreased clonogenic survival in COV434‑AMHRII and SKOV3‑AMHRII cells. These biological effects were induced via ALK3 recruitment by AMHRII, as ALK3‑AMHRII dimerization was favored at increasing AMH concentrations. By contrast, ALK2 was associated with AMHRII at physiological endogenous concentrations of AMH (10 pM). Based on these results, tetravalent IgG1‑like bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) against AMHRII and ALK2, and against AMHRII and ALK3 were designed and evaluated. In vivo, COV434‑AMHRII tumor cell xenograft growth was significantly reduced in all BsAb‑treated groups compared with that in the vehicle group (P=0.018 for BsAb 12G4‑3D7; P=0.001 for all other BsAbs). However, the growth of COV434‑AMHRII tumor cell xenografts was slower in mice treated with the anti‑AMRII‑ALK2 BsAb 12G4‑2F9 compared with that in animals that received a control BsAb that targeted AMHRII and CD5 (P=0.048). These results provide new insights into type I receptor specificity in AMH signaling pathways and may lead to an innovative therapeutic approach to modulate AMH signaling using anti‑AMHRII/anti‑AMHRI BsAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Chauvin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Garambois
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Choblet
- CNRS UPS3044 Baculovirus et Thérapie, F-30380 Saint-Christol-Lèz Alès, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Colombo
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Myriam Chentouf
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Gros
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Robert
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Martineau
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Navarro-Teulon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - David Pépin
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - André Pèlegrin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
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Structure of AMH bound to AMHR2 provides insight into a unique signaling pair in the TGF-β family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2104809118. [PMID: 34155118 PMCID: PMC8256043 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104809118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays a crucial role in male sex differentiation and female reproductive development. As such, AMH is widely used as a biomarker for measuring a woman’s fertility, estimating onset of menopause, and has been implicated in reproductive syndromes such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and premature ovarian failure. Despite its biological relevance, how AMH functions on the molecular level is not well understood. In this study, we show that AMH engages its receptor, AMHR2, using an extensive interface distinct from other type II receptors. Furthermore, we identify several regions in both AMH and AMHR2 that are responsible for specificity and required for AMH signaling. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), or Müllerian-inhibiting substance, is a protein hormone that promotes Müllerian duct regression during male fetal sexual differentiation and regulation of folliculogenesis in women. AMH is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family, which has evolved to signal through its own dedicated type II receptor, AMH receptor type II (AMHR2). Structures of other TGF-β family members have revealed how ligands infer specificity for their cognate receptors; however, it is unknown how AMH binds AMHR2 at the molecular level. Therefore, in this study, we solved the X-ray crystal structure of AMH bound to the extracellular domain of AMHR2 to a resolution of 2.6Å. The structure reveals that while AMH binds AMHR2 in a similar location to Activin and BMP ligand binding to their type II receptors, differences in both AMH and AMHR2 account for a highly specific interaction. Furthermore, using an AMH responsive cell-based luciferase assay, we show that a conformation in finger 1 of AMHR2 and a salt bridge formed by K534 on AMH and D81/E84 of AMHR2 are key to the AMH/AMHR2 interaction. Overall, our study highlights how AMH engages AMHR2 using a modified paradigm of receptor binding facilitated by modifications to the three-finger toxin fold of AMHR2. Furthermore, understanding these elements contributing to the specificity of binding will help in the design of agonists or antagonists or the selection of antibody therapies.
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Hart KN, Pépin D, Czepnik M, Donahoe PK, Thompson TB. Mutational Analysis of the Putative Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Binding Interface on its Type II Receptor, AMHR2. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5825248. [PMID: 32333774 PMCID: PMC7286617 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) or Müllerian inhibiting substance is a unique member of the TGF-β family responsible for development and differentiation of the reproductive system. AMH signals through its own dedicated type II receptor, anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II (AMHR2), providing an exclusive ligand-receptor pair within the broader TGF-β family. In this study, we used previous structural information to derive a model of AMH bound to AMHR2 to guide mutagenesis studies to identify receptor residues important for AMH signaling. Nonconserved mutations were introduced in AMHR2 and characterized in an AMH-responsive cell-based luciferase assay and native PAGE. Collectively, our results identified several residues important for AMH signaling within the putative ligand binding interface of AMHR2. Our results show that AMH engages AMHR2 at a similar interface to how activin and BMP class ligands bind the type II receptor, ACVR2B; however, there are significant molecular differences at the ligand interface of these 2 receptors, where ACVR2B is mostly hydrophobic and AMHR2 is predominately charged. Overall, this study shows that although the location of ligand binding on the receptor is similar to ACVR2A, ACVR2B, and BMPR2; AMHR2 uses unique ligand-receptor interactions to impart specificity for AMH.
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MESH Headings
- Activin Receptors, Type II/chemistry
- Activin Receptors, Type II/metabolism
- Anti-Mullerian Hormone/metabolism
- Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY/genetics
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Receptors, Peptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Peptide/genetics
- Receptors, Peptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/chemistry
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin N Hart
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Thomas B. Thompson, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, MolGen Department, MSB 2204, Cincinnati, OH 45267. E-mail: Kaitlin N. Hart (), 231 Albert Sabin Way, MolGen Department, CARE 4850, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - David Pépin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magdalena Czepnik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patricia K Donahoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas B Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Thomas B. Thompson, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, MolGen Department, MSB 2204, Cincinnati, OH 45267. E-mail: Kaitlin N. Hart (), 231 Albert Sabin Way, MolGen Department, CARE 4850, Cincinnati, OH 45267
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5
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Mazumder S, Swank V, Komar AA, Johnson JM, Tuohy VK. Immunotherapy of ovarian cancer with a monoclonal antibody specific for the extracellular domain of anti-Müllerian hormone receptor II. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1894-1910. [PMID: 32499873 PMCID: PMC7244012 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the most prevalent and lethal form of ovarian cancer. The low five-year overall survival after EOC diagnosis indicates an urgent need for more effective ways to control this disease. Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor 2 (AMHR2) is an ovarian protein overexpressed in the majority of human EOCs. We have previously found that vaccination against the ovarian-specific extracellular domain of AMHR2 (AMHR2-ED) significantly inhibits growth of murine EOCs through an IgG-mediated mechanism that agonizes receptor signaling of a Bax/caspase-3 dependent proapoptotic cascade. To determine if a single monoclonal antibody (mAb) could inhibit growth of human EOC, we generated a panel of mAbs specific for recombinant human AMHR2-ED and characterized a candidate mAb for humanization and use in clinical trials. We found that our candidate 4D12G1 mAb is an IgG1 that shows high affinity antigen-specific binding to the 7-mer 20KTLGELL26 sequence of AMHR2-ED that facilitates induction of programmed cell death in EOC cells. Most importantly, the 4D12G1 mAb significantly inhibits growth of primary human EOCs in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) by inducing direct apoptosis of EOC tumors. Our results support the view that a humanized 4D12G1 mAb may be a much needed and effective reagent for passive immunotherapy of human EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Mazumder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Valerie Swank
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anton A Komar
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin M Johnson
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vincent K Tuohy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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6
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Tuohy VK, Johnson JM, Mazumder S. Primary immunoprevention of adult onset cancers by vaccinating against retired tissue-specific self-proteins. Semin Immunol 2020; 47:101392. [PMID: 31926646 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the enormous success of childhood prophylactic vaccination against diseases caused by pathogens, there is currently no similar preventive vaccine program against diseases confronted with age like breast cancer and ovarian cancer. With the exception of the annual influenza vaccine, current recommendations for adult vaccination are for either primary vaccines not received during childhood or for booster vaccinations to maintain the immunity against pathogens already induced during childhood. Here we describe a strategy to provide prophylactic pre-emptive immunity against the development of adult onset cancers not associated with any definitive etiopathogenic agent. We propose that safe and effective pre-emptive immunity may be induced in cancer-free subjects by vaccination against immunodominant tissue-specific self-proteins that are 'retired' from expression in normal tissues as part of the normal aging process but are expressed in tumors that emerge with age. Primary immunoprevention of adult onset cancers like breast cancer and ovarian cancer represents a great challenge and an even greater unmet need for our current healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent K Tuohy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Justin M Johnson
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suparna Mazumder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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CAR T Cells Targeting MISIIR for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer and Other Gynecologic Malignancies. Mol Ther 2019; 28:548-560. [PMID: 31870622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of patients diagnosed with advanced ovarian or endometrial cancer remains poor, and effective therapeutic strategies are limited. The Müllerian inhibiting substance type 2 receptor (MISIIR) is a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptor family member, overexpressed by most ovarian and endometrial cancers while absent in most normal tissues. Restricted tissue expression, coupled with an understanding that MISIIR ligation transmits apoptotic signals to cancer cells, makes MISIIR an attractive target for tumor-directed therapeutics. However, the development of clinical MISIIR-targeted agents has been challenging. Prompted by the responses achieved in patients with blood malignancies using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, we hypothesized that MISIIR targeting may be achieved using a CAR T cell approach. Herein, we describe the development and evaluation of a CAR that targets MISIIR. T cells expressing the MISIIR-specific CAR demonstrated antigen-specific reactivity in vitro and eliminated MISIIR-overexpressing tumors in vivo. MISIIR CAR T cells also recognized a panel of human ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines, and they lysed a battery of patient-derived tumor specimens in vitro, without mediating cytotoxicity of a panel of normal primary human cells. In conclusion, these results indicate that MISIIR targeting for the treatment of ovarian cancer and other gynecologic malignancies is achievable using CAR technology.
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Rak AY, Trofimov AV, Ischenko AM. Anti-mullerian hormone receptor type II as a Potential Target for Antineoplastic Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750819030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rak AY, Trofimov AV, Ischenko AM. [Mullerian inhibiting substance type II receptor as a potential target for antineoplastic therapy]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 65:202-213. [PMID: 31258143 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20196503202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review considers properties of the type II anti-Mullerian hormone receptor (mullerian inhibiting substance receptor type II, MISRII), a transmembrane sensor with its own serine/threonine protein kinase activity, triggering apoptosis of the Mullerian ducts in mammalian embryogenesis and providing formation of the male type reproductive system. According to recent data, MISRII overexpression in the postnatal period is found in cells of a number of ovarian, mammary gland, and prostate tumors, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) has a pro-apoptotic effect on MISRII-positive tumor cells. This fact makes MISRII a potential target for targeted anti-cancer therapy. Treatment based on targeting MISRII seems to be a much more effective alternative to the traditional one and will significantly reduce the drug dose. However, the mechanism of MISRII-AMH interaction is still poorly understood, so the development of new anticancer drugs is complicated. The review analyzes MISRII molecular structure and expression levels in various tissues and cell lines, as well as current understanding of the AMH binding mechanisms and data on the possibility of using MISRII as a target for the action of AMH-based antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ya Rak
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Trofimov
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A M Ischenko
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Gorsic LK, Dapas M, Legro RS, Hayes MG, Urbanek M. Functional Genetic Variation in the Anti-Müllerian Hormone Pathway in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:2855-2874. [PMID: 30786001 PMCID: PMC6543512 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly heritable, common endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menses, and polycystic ovaries. PCOS is often accompanied by elevated levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). AMH inhibits follicle maturation. AMH also inhibits steroidogenesis through transcriptional repression of CYP17A1. We recently identified 16 rare PCOS-specific pathogenic variants in AMH. OBJECTIVE To test whether additional members of the AMH signaling pathway also contribute to the etiology of PCOS. PARTICIPANTS/DESIGN Targeted resequencing of coding and regulatory regions of AMH and its specific type 2 receptor, AMHR2, was performed on 608 women affected with PCOS and 142 reproductively normal control women. Prediction tools of deleteriousness and in silico evidence of epigenetic modification were used to prioritize variants for functional evaluation. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and splicing assays were used to measure the impact of genetic variants on function. RESULTS We identified 20 additional variants in/near AMH and AMHR2 with significantly reduced signaling activity in in vitro assays. Collectively, from our previous study and as reported herein, we have identified a total of 37 variants with impaired activity in/near AMH and AMHR2 in 41 women affected with PCOS, or 6.7% of our PCOS cohort. Furthermore, no functional variants were observed in the 142 phenotyped controls. The functional variants were significantly associated with PCOS in our cohort of 608 women with PCOS and 142 controls (P = 2.3 × 10-5) and very strongly associated with PCOS relative to a larger non-Finnish European (gnomAD) population-based control cohort (P < 1 × 10-9). CONCLUSION The AMH signaling cascade plays an important role in PCOS etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija K Gorsic
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew Dapas
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard S Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Margrit Urbanek
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Margrit Urbanek, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Tarry 15-717, Chicago, Illinois 60611. E-mail:
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Deshayes E, Ladjohounlou R, Le Fur P, Pichard A, Lozza C, Boudousq V, Sevestre S, Jarlier M, Kashani R, Koch J, Sosabowski J, Foster J, Chouin N, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Kotzki PO, Navarro-Teulon I, Pouget JP. Radiolabeled Antibodies Against Müllerian-Inhibiting Substance Receptor, Type II: New Tools for a Theranostic Approach in Ovarian Cancer. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1234-1242. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.208611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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12
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Estupina P, Fontayne A, Barret JM, Kersual N, Dubreuil O, Le Blay M, Pichard A, Jarlier M, Pugnière M, Chauvin M, Chardès T, Pouget JP, Deshayes E, Rossignol A, Abache T, de Romeuf C, Terrier A, Verhaeghe L, Gaucher C, Prost JF, Pèlegrin A, Navarro-Teulon I. The anti-tumor efficacy of 3C23K, a glyco-engineered humanized anti-MISRII antibody, in an ovarian cancer model is mainly mediated by engagement of immune effector cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37061-37079. [PMID: 28427157 PMCID: PMC5513714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in women with gynecological cancers and despite recent advances, new and more efficient therapies are crucially needed. Müllerian Inhibiting Substance type II Receptor (MISRII, also named AMHRII) is expressed in most ovarian cancer subtypes and is a novel potential target for ovarian cancer immunotherapy. We previously developed and tested 12G4, the first murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) against human MISRII. Here, we report the humanization, affinity maturation and glyco-engineering steps of 12G4 to generate the Fc-optimized 3C23K MAb, and the evaluation of its in vivo anti-tumor activity. The epitopes of 3C23K and 12G4 were strictly identical and 3C23K affinity for MISRII was enhanced by a factor of about 14 (KD = 5.5 × 10−11 M vs 7.9 × 10−10 M), while the use of the EMABling® platform allowed the production of a low-fucosylated 3C23K antibody with a 30-fold KD improvement of its affinity to FcγRIIIa. In COV434-MISRII tumor-bearing mice, 3C23K reduced tumor growth more efficiently than 12G4 and its combination with carboplatin was more efficient than each monotherapy with a mean tumor size of 500, 1100 and 100 mm3 at the end of treatment with 3C23K (10 mg/kg, Q3-4D12), carboplatin (60 mg/kg, Q7D4) and 3C23K+carboplatin, respectively. Conversely, 3C23K-FcKO, a 3C23K form without affinity for the FcγRIIIa receptor, did not display any anti-tumor effect in vivo. These results strongly suggested that 3C23K mechanisms of action are mainly Fc-related. In vitro, antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) were induced by 3C23K, as demonstrated with human effector cells. Using human NK cells, 50% of the maximal lysis was obtained with a 46-fold lower concentration of low-fucosylated 3C23K (2.9 ng/ml) than of 3C23K expressed in CHO cells (133.35 ng/ml). As 3C23K induced strong ADCC with human PBMC but almost none with murine PBMC, antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) was then investigated. 3C23K-dependent (100 ng/ml) ADCP was more active with murine than human macrophages (only 10% of living target cells vs. about 25%). These in vitro results suggest that the reduced ADCC with murine effectors could be partially balanced by ADCP activity in in vivo experiments. Taken together, these preclinical data indicate that 3C23K is a new promising therapeutic candidate for ovarian cancer immunotherapy and justify its recent introduction in a phase I clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Estupina
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Kersual
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | | | - Marion Le Blay
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Alexandre Pichard
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Martine Pugnière
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Maëva Chauvin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Pouget
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Emmanuel Deshayes
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - André Pèlegrin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Isabelle Navarro-Teulon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,INSERM, U896, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Université Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, F-34298, France
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13
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Gill SE, Zhang Q, Keeney GL, Cliby WA, Weroha SJ. Investigation of factors affecting the efficacy of 3C23K, a human monoclonal antibody targeting MISIIR. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85214-85223. [PMID: 29156714 PMCID: PMC5689604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MISIIR is a potential target for ovarian cancer (OC) therapy due to its tissue-specific pattern of expression. 3C23K is a novel therapeutic monoclonal anti-MISIIR antibody designed to recruit effector cells and promote cell death through ADCC (antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity). Our objective was to determine the tolerability and efficacy of 3C23K in OC patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and to identify factors affecting efficacy. Quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry were used to categorize MISIIR expression in established PDX models derived from primary OC patients. We selected two high expressing models and two low expressing models for in vivo testing. One xenograft model using an MISIIR over-expressing SKOV3ip cell line (Z3) was a positive control. The primary endpoint was change in tumor size. The secondary endpoint was final tumor mass. We observed no statistically significant differences between control and treated animals. The lack of response could be secondary to a number of variables including the lack of known biomarkers of response, the low membrane expression of MISIIR, and a limited ability of 3C23K to induce ADCC in PDX models. Further study is needed to determine the magnitude of ovarian cancer response to 3C23K and also if there is a threshold surface expression to predict response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gill
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gary L Keeney
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - William A Cliby
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - S John Weroha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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14
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Rocha A, Zanuy S, Gómez A. Conserved Anti-Müllerian Hormone: Anti-Müllerian Hormone Type-2 Receptor Specific Interaction and Intracellular Signaling in Teleosts. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:141. [PMID: 27226310 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.137547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher vertebrates, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is required for Müllerian duct regression in fetal males. AMH is also produced during postnatal life in both sexes regulating steroidogenesis and early stages of folliculogenesis. Teleosts lack Müllerian ducts, but Amh has been identified in several species including European sea bass. However, information on Amh type-2 receptor (Amhr2), the specific receptor for Amh binding, is restricted to a couple of fish species. Here, we report on cloning sea bass amhr2, the production of a recombinant sea bass Amh, and the functional analysis of this ligand-receptor couple. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that sea bass amhr2 segregates with Amhr2 from other vertebrates. This piscine receptor is capable of activating Smad proteins. Antibodies raised against sea bass Amh were used to study native and recombinant Amh, revealing proteins in the range of 66-70 kDa corresponding to the full length Amh. Once proteolytically treated, recombinant sea bass Amh generates a 12 kDa C-terminal mature protein, suggesting that contrary to what has been described for other fish Amh proteins, this protein is processed in a similar way as mammalian AMH. The mature sea bass Amh is a biologically active protein able to bind sea bass Amhr2 and, surprisingly, also human AMHR2. In prepubertal sea bass testes, Amh was detected by immunohistochemistry mostly in Sertoli cells surrounding early germ-cell generations. During spermatogenesis, a weaker staining signal could be observed in Sertoli cells surrounding spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rocha
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Torre la Sal, Castellón, Spain
| | - Silvia Zanuy
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Torre la Sal, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Torre la Sal, Castellón, Spain
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15
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Garg D, Tal R. The role of AMH in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:15-28. [PMID: 27174394 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects 5 - 10% of reproductive age women, but its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The aim of this review is to collate evidence and summarize our current knowledge of the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in PCOS pathogenesis. AMH is increased and correlated with the various reproductive and metabolic/endocrine alterations in PCOS. AMH plays an inhibitory role in follicular development and recruitment, contributing to follicular arrest. AMH inhibitory action on FSH-induced aromatase production likely contributes to hyperandrogenism in PCOS, which further enhances insulin resistance in these women. Elevated serum AMH concentrations are predictive of poor response to various treatments of PCOS including weight loss, ovulation induction and laparoscopic ovarian drilling, while improvement in various clinical parameters following treatment is associated with serum AMH decline, further supporting an important role for AMH in the pathophysiology of this syndrome. This review emphasizes the need for understanding the exact mechanism of action of AMH in the pathophysiology of PCOS. This may lead to the development of new treatment modalities targeting AMH to treat PCOS, as well as help clinicians in prognostication and better tailoring existing treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Garg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Reshef Tal
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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16
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Kersual N, Garambois V, Chardès T, Pouget JP, Salhi I, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Bibeau F, Busson M, Vié H, Clémenceau B, Behrens CK, Estupina P, Pèlegrin A, Navarro-Teulon I. The human Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor as immunotherapy target for ovarian cancer. Validation using the mAb 12G4. MAbs 2015; 6:1314-26. [PMID: 25517316 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.29316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies. The monoclonal antibody 12G4 specifically recognizes the human Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor (MISRII) that is strongly expressed in human granulosa cell tumors (GCT) and in the majority of human epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). To determine whether MISRII represents an attractive target for antibody-based tumor therapy, we first confirmed by immunohistochemistry with 12G4 its expression in all tested GCT samples (4/4) and all, but one, EOC human tissue specimens (13/14). We then demonstrated in vitro the internalization of 12G4 in MISRII(high)COV434 cells after binding to MISRII and its ability to increase the apoptosis rate (FACS, DNA fragmentation) in MISRII(high)COV434 (GCT) and MISRII(medium)NIH-OVCAR-3 (EOC) cells that express different levels of MISRII. A standard (51)Cr release assay showed that 12G4 mediates antibody-dependent cell-meditated cytotoxicity. Finally, in vivo assessment of 12G4 anti-tumor effects showed a significant reduction of tumor growth and an increase of the median survival time in mice xenografted with MISRII(high)COV434 or MISRII(medium)NIH-OVCAR-3 cells and treated with 12G4 in comparison to controls treated with an irrelevant antibody. Altogether, our data indicate that MISRII is a new promising target for the control of ovarian GCTs and EOCs. A humanized version of the 12G4 antibody, named 3C23K, is in development for the targeted therapy of MISRII-positive gynecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Kersual
- a IRCM; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier ; Montpellier ; France
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17
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Karagiorga I, Partsinevelos GA, Mavrogianni D, Anagnostou E, Zervomanolakis I, Kallianidis K, Drakakis P, Loutradis D. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH Ile(49)Ser) and Anti-Müllerian hormone type II receptor (AMHRII -482 A>G) as genetic markers in assisted reproduction technology. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 32:357-67. [PMID: 25542251 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the presence Antimullerian hormone (AMH) and Antimullerian hormone type II receptor (AMHRII) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Ile(49)Ser and -482A>G respectively are related to the assisted reproduction outcome. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in order to assess the distribution of AMH and AMHRII SNPs in two cohorts, one of healthy women (N = 100) and the control group and the IVF/ICSI group (N = 151) consisted of women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment for infertility. Furthermore, a prospective longitudinal observational study was performed on the latter group to assess possible associations of these SNPs with patients' characteristics and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and pregnancy outcome. RESULTS Among non-carriers of the AMH (Ile(49)Ser) polymorphism, basal FSH levels were lower in those with more than two of previous IVF attempts and fertilization rate was statistically higher in those with peak serum E2 levels below 1500 pg/ml, whereas among non-carriers of the AMHRII (-482 A>G) polymorphism, number of follicles was higher in those with more than two previous IVF attempts and total dose of gonadotropins was lower in those with peak serum E2 levels above 1500 pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS There was evidence that in specific subgroups of women undergoing IVF/ICSI, AMH and AMHRII SNPs may be related to patients' characteristics and controlled ovarian stimulation and pregnancy outcome and thus may provide a means for the prediction of ovarian response in specific subgroups of women entering an IVF/ICSI program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iro Karagiorga
- Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Human Reproduction, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 80 Vasilissis Sofias Av, 11528, Athens, Greece,
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18
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Broer SL, Broekmans FJ, Laven JS, Fauser BC. Anti-Müllerian hormone: ovarian reserve testing and its potential clinical implications. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20:688-701. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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19
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Imhoff FM, Yang D, Mathew SF, Clarkson AN, Kawagishi Y, Tate WP, Koishi K, McLennan IS. The type 2 anti‐Müllerian hormone receptor has splice variants that are dominant‐negative inhibitors. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1749-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Floriane M. Imhoff
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Dee Yang
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Suneeth F. Mathew
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andrew N. Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Yui Kawagishi
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Warren P. Tate
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kyoko Koishi
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ian S. McLennan
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- The Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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20
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High level prokaryotic expression of anti-Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor diabody, a new recombinant antibody for in vivo ovarian cancer imaging. J Immunol Methods 2013; 387:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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The potential role of microRNAs in regulating gonadal sex differentiation in the chicken embryo. Chromosome Res 2012; 20:201-13. [PMID: 22161018 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-011-9263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Differential gene expression regulates tissue morphogenesis. The embryonic gonad is a good example, where the developmental decision to become an ovary or testis is governed by female- or male-specific gene expression. A number of genes have now been identified that control gonadal sex differentiation. However, the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ovarian and testicular pathways is unknown. In this review, we summarise our current understanding of gonadal differentiation and the possible involvement of miRNAs, using the chicken embryo as a model system. Chickens and other birds have a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system, in which the female, ZW, is the heterogametic sex, and the male, ZZ, is homogametic (opposite to mammals). The Z-linked DMRT1 gene is thought to direct testis differentiation during embryonic life via a dosage-based mechanism. The conserved SOX9 gene is also likely to play a key role in testis formation. No master ovary determinant has yet been defined, but the autosomal FOXL2 and Aromatase genes are considered central. No miRNAs have been definitively shown to play a role in embryonic gonadal development in chickens or any other vertebrate species. Using next generation sequencing, we carried out an expression-based screen for miRNAs expressed in embryonic chicken gonads at the time of sexual differentiation. A number of miRNAs were identified, including several that showed sexually dimorphic expression. We validated a subset of miRNAs by qRT-PCR, and prediction algorithms were used to identify potential targets. We discuss the possible roles for these miRNAs in gonadal development and how these roles might be tested in the avian model.
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22
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Chilvers RA, Bodenburg YH, Denner LA, Urban RJ. Development of a novel protocol for isolation and purification of human granulosa cells. J Assist Reprod Genet 2012; 29:547-56. [PMID: 22407611 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-012-9739-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an optimal method of isolation and purification of human granulosa cells from ovarian follicular fluid. METHODS Follicular fluid was collected from patients undergoing oocyte retrieval. A series of isolation and purification techniques was performed, involving density gradient centrifugation and use of different antibody-bead complexes. RESULTS The highest percent yield of live purified granulosa cells came from density gradient centrifugation using sucrose polymer followed by positive selection of granulosa cells using primary antibody to MISRII and secondary antibody coupled to iron oxide beads. CONCLUSIONS A novel protocol for granulosa cell purification has been developed yielding samples that are largely free of nondesirable cells. This protocol provides a purification solution, especially for patient samples that have significant RBC contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Chilvers
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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23
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Anti-Müllerian hormone inhibits growth of AMH type II receptor-positive human ovarian granulosa cell tumor cells by activating apoptosis. J Transl Med 2011; 91:1605-14. [PMID: 21808236 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are sex cord stromal tumors that constitute 3-5% of all ovarian cancers. GCTs usually present with an indolent course but there is a high risk of recurrence, which associates with increased mortality, and targeted treatments would be desirable. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a key factor regulating sexual differentiation of the reproductive organs, has been implicated as a growth inhibitor in ovarian cancer. GCTs and normal granulosa cells produce AMH, but its expression in large GCTs is usually downregulated. Further, as the lack of specific AMH-signaling pathway components leads to GCT development in mice, we hypothesized that AMH inhibits growth of GCTs. Utilizing a large panel of human GCT tissue samples, we found that AMH type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6) and type II receptor (AMHRII), as well as their downstream effectors Smad1/5, are expressed and active in GCTs. AMHRII expression was detected in the vast majority (96%) of GCTs and correlated with AMH mRNA and protein expression. AMH mRNA level was low in large GCTs, confirming previous findings on low-AMH protein expression in large human as well as mouse GCTs. To study the functional role of AMH in this peculiar ovarian cancer, we utilized a human GCT cell line (KGN) and 10 primary GCT cell cultures. We found that the AMH-Smad1/5-signaling pathway was active in these cells, and that exogenous AMH further activated Smad1/5 in KGN cells. Furthermore, AMH treatment reduced the number of KGN cells and primary GCT cells, with increasing amounts of AMH leading to augmented activation of caspase-3 and subsequent apoptosis. All in all, these data support the premise that AMH is a growth inhibitor of GCTs.
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24
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Iris F, Gea M, Lampe PH, Santamaria P. Modélisation intégrative prédictive et biologie expérimentale. Med Sci (Paris) 2009; 25:608-16. [PMID: 19602358 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2009256-7608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- François Iris
- Bio-Modeling Systems, 26, rue Saint-Lambert, 75015 Paris, France.
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25
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Abstract
Normal human sexual development occurs in a highly regulated process that comprises three distinct phases: establishment of chromosomal sex, development of the sex-specific gonads and phenotypic differentiation of the internal ductal anatomy and external genitalia. The latter two phases are mediated by specific hormonal effector molecules, including anti-Müllerian hormone and testosterone, and their dysregulation often leads to the development of a phenotypic disorder of sexual differentiation. This review describes the hormonal mediators that are involved in sexual development and the disorders of sexual differentiation that arise from their dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve S Kim
- a Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th & Civic Center Boulevard, 3rd Floor Wood Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas F Kolon
- b Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th & Civic Center Boulevard, 3rd Floor Wood Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Wu X, Wan S, Pujar S, Haskins ME, Schlafer DH, Lee MM, Meyers-Wallen VN. A single base pair mutation encoding a premature stop codon in the MIS type II receptor is responsible for canine persistent Müllerian duct syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 30:46-56. [PMID: 18723470 DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.108.005736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS), a secreted glycoprotein in the transforming growth factor-beta family of growth factors, mediates regression of the Müllerian ducts during embryonic sex differentiation in males. In persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS), rather than undergoing involution, the Müllerian ducts persist in males, giving rise to the uterus, fallopian tubes, and upper vagina. Genetic defects in MIS or its receptor (MISRII) have been identified in patients with PMDS. The phenotype in the canine model of PMDS derived from the miniature schnauzer breed is strikingly similar to that of human patients. In this model, PMDS is inherited as a sex-limited autosomal recessive trait. Previous studies indicated that a defect in the MIS receptor or its downstream signaling pathway was likely to be causative of the canine syndrome. In this study, the canine PMDS phenotype and clinical sequelae are described in detail. Affected and unaffected members of this pedigree are genotyped, identifying a single base pair substitution in MISRII that introduces a stop codon in exon 3. The homozygous mutation terminates translation at 80 amino acids, eliminating much of the extracellular domain and the entire transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains. Findings in this model could enable insights to be garnered from correlation of detailed clinical descriptions with molecular defects, which are not otherwise possible in the human syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Wu
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Yuan QA, Robinson MK, Simmons HH, Russeva M, Adams GP. Isolation of anti-MISIIR scFv molecules from a phage display library by cell sorter biopanning. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:367-78. [PMID: 17676323 PMCID: PMC11031043 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
While cell surface antigens represent the most common targets for antibody-based cancer therapy, isolation of new antibodies specific for these targets from single-chain Fv phage display libraries has been hindered by limitations associated with traditional selection techniques. Solid phase panning is often associated with conformational changes to the target protein due to its immobilization on plastic tubes that can limit the ability of the isolated scFv to bind to conformational epitopes and solution panning methods require the use of secondary tags that often mask desired sequences and create unintended epitopes. Commonly utilized cell-based panning methods typically yield a panel of single-chain Fv (scFv) molecules that are specific for numerous cell surface antigens, often obscuring the desired clones. Here, we describe a novel cell sorter-based system to isolate single-chain Fv molecules specific for defined antigen targets expressed on stably-transformed mammalian cells. We employed these methods to isolate promising scFv clones that bind specifically to the Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor, a cell surface ovarian cancer antigen that has proven to be a difficult target for selection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-An Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
| | - Matthew K. Robinson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
| | - Heidi H. Simmons
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
| | - Maria Russeva
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
| | - Gregory P. Adams
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
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Bakkum-Gamez JN, Aletti G, Lewis KA, Keeney GL, Thomas BM, Navarro-Teulon I, Cliby WA. Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor (MISIIR): a novel, tissue-specific target expressed by gynecologic cancers. Gynecol Oncol 2007; 108:141-8. [PMID: 17988723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 08/25/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor (MISIIR) is expressed by ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers [Masiakos PT, et al. Human ovarian cancer, cell lines, and primary ascites cells express the human Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) Type II Receptor, bind, and are responsive to MIS. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:3488-99; Hoshiya Y, et al. Mullerian inhibiting substance promotes interferon {gamma}-induced gene expression and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2003;278:51703-12; Hoshiya Y, et al. Mullerian inhibiting substance induces NFkB signaling in breast and prostate cancer cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2003;211:43-9. [1-3]]. We investigated the expression patterns of MISIIR in benign and malignant gynecologic tissues and benign non-gynecologic tissues to better assess the relevance of MISIIR as a target for new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to gynecologic cancers. Secondarily, we examined the impact of MISIIR expression on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in a cohort of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). METHODS Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to determine MISIIR expression. EOC cell lines (10), primary EOCs (12), and tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing benign gynecologic (179) and non-gynecologic tissues (25), EOC (182), endometrial carcinomas (109), uterine sarcomas (98), and ovarian dysgerminomas (22) were examined for MISIIR expression. Clinical data were collected for a cohort of 182 EOCs. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of primary EOCs and 44% of EOC cell lines expressed MISIIR mRNA. We observed moderate or strong MISIIR expression via IHC in the majority of gynecologic cancers: EOC 69% (125/182), ovarian dysgerminomas 77% (17/22), endometrial cancers 75% (82/109), uterine malignant mixed Müllerian tumors (MMMT) 59% (30/51), uterine leiomyosarcomas (LMS) 52% (15/29), and endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) 22% (4/18). Over 74% of normal non-gynecologic tissues did not express MISIIR. There was a significant correlation between MISIIR expression and improved OS (p=0.025, Chi square). CONCLUSIONS In the largest study to date, we report that MISIIR is highly expressed by a wide variety of gynecologic cancers, including cancers currently without effective systemic therapies. Low levels of expression in select non-gynecologic tissues coupled with high expression in gynecologic malignancies make MISIIR an attractive target for novel therapeutics and tumor-directed imaging in the management of gynecologic cancers. Further investigation into the impact of MISIIR expression and OS is also warranted.
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Fréour T, Mirallié S, Colombel A, Bach-Ngohou K, Masson D, Barrière P. Anti-mullerian hormone: clinical relevance in assisted reproductive therapy. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2007; 67:567-74. [PMID: 17194966 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4266(06)73008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming Growth Factor-B (TGF-B) family synthesized exclusively by the gonads of both sexes. Over the last four years, numerous studies have examined the clinical usefulness of serum AMH levels as a predictor of ovarian response and pregnancy in assisted reproductive technology cycles. Assessment of ovarian reserve in women undergoing assisted reproduction is useful in optimising the treatment protocol. Availability of a reliable measure of ovarian reserve is essential. Currently, serum AMH level seems to be more strongly related to the ovarian reserve and to be a more discriminatory marker of assisted reproductive technology outcome than follicle-stimulating hormone, inhibin B or estradiol, which are more commonly used markers. Our study involving 69 women undergoing a cycle of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplamic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment, confirmed these results. We have shown in this study that AMH is significantly correlated with the number of eggs collected and is of great interest as a negative predictive value for the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Further studies are needed to determine AMH cut-off values.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fréour
- Service de Médecine de la reproduction, Laboratoire de Biochimie Spécialisée, CHU de Nantes, France.
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Yin X, Ouyang S, Xu W, Zhang X, Fok KL, Wong HY, Zhang J, Qiu X, Miao S, Chan HC, Wang L. YWK-II protein as a novel Go-coupled receptor for Müllerian inhibiting substance in cell survival. J Cell Sci 2007; 120:1521-8. [PMID: 17452623 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) has recently been implicated in multiple cellular functions including promotion of cell survival, but the receptor(s) and signaling pathways involved remain elusive. We have investigated the possibility of YWK-II protein, previously shown to interact physically with MIS and Go protein, being a receptor mediating the cell survival effect of MIS. In YWK-II-overexpressing CHO cells, MIS activates the Go-coupled ERK1/2 signaling pathway and promotes cell survival with altered levels of p53 and caspase-3. YWK-II antibody is found to interfere with the ability of MIS to promote viability of mouse sperm and affect MIS-activated ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In vivo studies involving injection of YWK-II antibody into the seminiferous tubule of the mouse testis, where MIS is known to be produced, show significant reduction in the sperm count with accumulation of p53 and cleaved caspase-3 in testicular nuclei. Taken together, the present study has demonstrated a new Go-coupled receptor for MIS in mediating ERK1/2 activation leading to anti-apoptotic activity or cell survival.
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MESH Headings
- Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics
- Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism
- Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/physiology
- Animals
- Anti-Mullerian Hormone
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/physiology
- CHO Cells
- COS Cells
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/antagonists & inhibitors
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- Glycoproteins/pharmacology
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology
- Receptors, Peptide/genetics
- Receptors, Peptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Peptide/physiology
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Spermatozoa/cytology
- Spermatozoa/drug effects
- Testicular Hormones/pharmacology
- Testis/cytology
- Testis/drug effects
- Testis/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Yin
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
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Yuan QA, Simmons HH, Robinson MK, Russeva M, Marasco WA, Adams GP. Development of engineered antibodies specific for the Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor: a promising candidate for targeted therapy of ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:2096-105. [PMID: 16928831 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor (MISIIR) is involved in Müllerian duct regression as part of the development of the male reproductive system. In adult females, MISIIR is present on ovarian surface epithelium and is frequently expressed on human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Müllerian inhibiting substance has been found to be capable of inhibiting the growth of primary human ovarian cancer cells derived from ascites and ovarian cancer cell lines. This suggested to us that MISIIR could be an attractive target for antibody-based tumor targeting and growth inhibition strategies. Here, we describe the production of recombinant human MISIIR extracellular domain-human immunoglobulin Fc domain fusion proteins and their use as targets for the selection of MISIIR-specific human single-chain variable fragments (scFv) molecules from a human nonimmune scFv phage display library. The binding kinetics of the resulting anti-MISIIR scFv clones were characterized and two were employed as the basis for the construction of bivalent scFv:Fc antibody-based molecules. Both bound specifically to human ovarian carcinoma cells in flow cytometry assays and cross-reacted with mouse MISIIR. These results indicate that antibody-based constructs may provide a highly specific means of targeting MISIIR on human ovarian carcinoma cells for the purpose of diagnosing and treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-an Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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Abstract
The year 2004 represents a milestone for the biosensor research community: in this year, over 1000 articles were published describing experiments performed using commercially available systems. The 1038 papers we found represent an approximately 10% increase over the past year and demonstrate that the implementation of biosensors continues to expand at a healthy pace. We evaluated the data presented in each paper and compiled a 'top 10' list. These 10 articles, which we recommend every biosensor user reads, describe well-performed kinetic, equilibrium and qualitative/screening studies, provide comparisons between binding parameters obtained from different biosensor users, as well as from biosensor- and solution-based interaction analyses, and summarize the cutting-edge applications of the technology. We also re-iterate some of the experimental pitfalls that lead to sub-optimal data and over-interpreted results. We are hopeful that the biosensor community, by applying the hints we outline, will obtain data on a par with that presented in the 10 spotlighted articles. This will ensure that the scientific community at large can be confident in the data we report from optical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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