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Veres-Székely A, Szász C, Pap D, Szebeni B, Bokrossy P, Vannay Á. Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087548. [PMID: 37108711 PMCID: PMC10139156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood-brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apor Veres-Székely
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szász
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Bokrossy
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Han P, Hou C, Zheng X, Cao L, Shi X, Zhang X, Ye H, Pan H, Liu L, Li T, Hu F, Li Z. Serum Antigenome Profiling Reveals Diagnostic Models for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884462. [PMID: 35514972 PMCID: PMC9065411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to investigate the serum antigenomic profiling in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine potential diagnostic biomarkers using label-free proteomic technology implemented with machine-learning algorithm. Method Serum antigens were captured from a cohort consisting of 60 RA patients (45 ACPA-positive RA patients and 15 ACPA-negative RA patients), together with sex- and age-matched 30 osteoarthritis (OA) patients and 30 healthy controls. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was then performed. The significantly upregulated and downregulated proteins with fold change > 1.5 (p < 0.05) were selected. Based on these differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), a machine learning model was trained and validated to classify RA, ACPA-positive RA, and ACPA-negative RA. Results We identified 62, 71, and 49 DEPs in RA, ACPA-positive RA, and ACPA-negative RA, respectively, as compared to OA and healthy controls. Typical pathway enrichment and protein–protein interaction networks were shown among these DEPs. Three panels were constructed to classify RA, ACPA-positive RA, and ACPA-negative RA using random forest models algorithm based on the molecular signature of DEPs, whose area under curve (AUC) were calculated as 0.9949 (95% CI = 0.9792–1), 0.9913 (95% CI = 0.9653–1), and 1.0 (95% CI = 1–1). Conclusion This study illustrated the serum auto-antigen profiling of RA. Among them, three panels of antigens were identified as diagnostic biomarkers to classify RA, ACPA-positive, and ACPA-negative RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Hudan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhang L, Lin W, Zhou Y, Shao F, Gao Y, He J. A Complement-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Overall Survival and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Sarcoma Patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:765062. [PMID: 35493104 PMCID: PMC9046668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.765062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognoses of sarcomas are poor and the responses of them to systemic therapies are limited and controversial. Thus, there is an urgent need to stratify the risk factors and identify the patients who may benefit from systemic therapies. Here, we developed a reliable, complement-based gene signature to predict the prognosis of sarcoma patients. Survival-related complement genes were identified by univariate Cox analyses and were used to build a gene signature, which was further selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model, and determined using a stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression model. The whole sarcoma cohort of TCGA was randomly divided into a training set and a test set. The signature was constructed using the training set and validated subsequently in the test set, the whole TCGA sarcoma cohort, and another two independent cohorts from the TARGET and GEO databases, respectively. Furthermore, the prognostic value of the signature was also validated in an independent cohort from our center. This model effectively predicted prognoses across the training set, different validation cohorts, and different clinical subgroups. Next, immune cell infiltration analysis, GO and KEGG analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to explore possible underlying mechanisms of this signature. Moreover, this signature may predict the response to immunotherapy. Collectively, the current complement-related gene signature can predict overall survival and possible immunotherapy response of sarcoma patients; it may serve as a powerful prognostic tool to further optimize clinical treatment and prognosis management for sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Cancer Institute of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
| | - Jie He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
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4
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Roy U. Structural and molecular analyses of functional epitopes and escape mutants in Japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein domain III. Immunol Res 2021; 68:81-89. [PMID: 32445181 PMCID: PMC7243247 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the vector borne causes of encephalitis found in southeastern Asia. This positive single-stranded RNA virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which notably includes dengue, tick-borne, West Nile, Zika as well as yellow fever, and transmits to humans by infected mosquitos. The main site of interactions for antibodies against this virus is the envelope protein domain III (ED3). The present report investigates the time-dependent structural and conformational changes of JEV ED3 functional epitopes and escape mutants by computer simulations. The results indicate the presence of significant structural differences between the functional epitopes and the escape mutants. Mutation-induced structural/conformational instabilities of this type can decrease the antibody neutralization activity. Among the different escape mutants studied here, Ser40Lys/Asp41Arg appear to be most unstable, while Ser40Glu/Asp41Leu exhibit the lowest structural variations. The highest level of escape mutation observed in Ser40Lys is linked to the relatively higher values of root mean square deviation/fluctuation found in the molecular dynamics simulation of this protein. Secondary-structure deviations and depletion of H bonding are other contributing factors to the protein’s increased instability. Overall, the proteins with residue 41 mutations are found to be structurally more ordered than those with residue 40 mutations. The detailed time-based structural assessment of the mutant epitopes described here may contribute to the development of novel vaccines and antiviral drugs necessary to defend against future outbreaks of JEV escape mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Roy
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699-5820, USA.
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5
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Weiss SAI, Rehm SRT, Perera NC, Biniossek ML, Schilling O, Jenne DE. Origin and Expansion of the Serine Protease Repertoire in the Myelomonocyte Lineage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041658. [PMID: 33562184 PMCID: PMC7914634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The deepest evolutionary branches of the trypsin/chymotrypsin family of serine proteases are represented by the digestive enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract and the multi-domain proteases of the blood coagulation and complement system. Similar to the very old digestive system, highly diverse cleavage specificities emerged in various cell lineages of the immune defense system during vertebrate evolution. The four neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) expressed in the myelomonocyte lineage, neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsin G, and neutrophil serine protease 4, collectively display a broad repertoire of (S1) specificities. The origin of NSPs can be traced back to a circulating liver-derived trypsin-like protease, the complement factor D ancestor, whose activity is tightly controlled by substrate-induced activation and TNFα-induced locally upregulated protein secretion. However, the present-day descendants are produced and converted to mature enzymes in precursor cells of the bone marrow and are safely sequestered in granules of circulating neutrophils. The potential site and duration of action of these cell-associated serine proteases are tightly controlled by the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, by stimulus-dependent regulated secretion of the granules, and by various soluble inhibitors in plasma, interstitial fluids, and in the inflammatory exudate. An extraordinary dynamic range and acceleration of immediate defense responses have been achieved by exploiting the high structural plasticity of the trypsin fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. I. Weiss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD) Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.A.I.W.); (S.R.T.R.)
| | - Salome R. T. Rehm
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD) Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.A.I.W.); (S.R.T.R.)
| | | | - Martin L. Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter E. Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD) Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.A.I.W.); (S.R.T.R.)
- Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence:
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6
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Motooka K, Morishita K, Ito N, Shinzaki S, Tashiro T, Nojima S, Shimizu K, Date M, Sakata N, Yamada M, Takamatsu S, Kamada Y, Iijima H, Mizushima T, Morii E, Takehara T, Miyoshi E. Detection of fucosylated haptoglobin using the 10-7G antibody as a biomarker for evaluating endoscopic remission in ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:162-175. [PMID: 33510557 PMCID: PMC7807302 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammation of the digestive tract. Although fecal and serum biomarkers have been extremely important and supportive for monitoring of IBD, their low sensitivity and high variability characteristics limit clinical efficacy. Thus, the establishment of better biomarkers is expected. Fucosylation is one of the most important glycosylation modifications of proteins. Fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) is used as a biomarker for several cancers and inflammation-related diseases. We recently established a novel glycan monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 10-7G, which recognizes Fuc-Hpt. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure serum levels of Fuc-Hpt (10-7G values).
AIM To investigate the usefulness of the serum 10-7G values as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease activity in IBD.
METHODS This was a case control study. Intestinal tissues of IBD patients (n = 10) were examined immunohistochemically using the 10-7G mAb. We determined 10-7G values using serum from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 110), Crohn’s disease (n = 45), acute enteritis (AE, n = 11), and healthy volunteers (HVs) who exhibited normal (n = 20) or high (n = 79) C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at medical check-up. We investigated the correlation between the 10-7G value and various clinical parameters of IBD patients by correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the usefulness of the 10-7G values as a biomarker for clinical and endoscopic remission of UC compared to conventional serum biomarkers.
RESULTS In the immunohistochemical analysis, positive 10-7G mAb staining was observed in lymphocytes infiltrating into inflammatory sites of the mucosal layer and lymphoid follicles. The 10-7G values were significantly higher in patients with IBD (P < 0.001) and AE (P < 0.05) compared with HVs. In addition, 10-7G values were correlated with clinical examination parameters related to inflammation in patients with UC, particularly the CRP level (rs = 0.525, P = 0.003) and clinical activity index score (rs = 0.435, P = 0.038). However, there was no correlation between 10-7G values and CRP in HVs with high CRP levels, suggesting that the 10-7G values is not the same as a general inflammation biomarker. ROC curve analysis showed that area under the curve (AUC) value of 10-7G values for the diagnosis of endoscopic remission was higher than other biomarkers (AUC value = 0.699).
CONCLUSION The serum 10-7G value is a novel biomarker for evaluating intestinal inflammation and endoscopic mucosal healing in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Motooka
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Morishita
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nami Ito
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shinzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taku Tashiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nojima
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kayoko Shimizu
- FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Amagasaki 661-0963, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mutsuhiro Date
- FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Amagasaki 661-0963, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Sakata
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Momoko Yamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Takamatsu
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Wang J, Tong L, Lin G, Wang H, Zhang L, Yang X. Immunological and clinicopathological characteristics of C1RL in 2120 glioma patients. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:931. [PMID: 32993564 PMCID: PMC7526369 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is a deadly and immunosuppressive brain tumour. Complement C1r subcomponent like (C1RL), a prognostic biomarker in several kinds of tumours, has attracted increasing attention from oncologists. However, the role of C1RL in glioma remains unclear. METHODS Through analysis of 2120 glioma patients from 5 public datasets, the relationships between C1RL expression and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated. Furthermore, the C1RL-associated genes were screened, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was conducted to investigate biological process enrichment. In addition, tumour purity, leukocyte infiltration and overall survival were evaluated based on C1RL expression. RESULTS We found that C1RL expression was upregulated in glioblastoma (GBM), especially mesenchymal GBM and primary GBM. Increased C1RL expression accompanied the IDH1-wt phenotype in both lower grade glioma (LGG) and GBM. C1RL- associated genes were mainly enriched in biological processes related to the immune response. C1RL expression was also correlated with reduced tumour purity and increased M2 macrophage infiltration. Higher C1RL expression predicted unfavourable survival in patients with glioma and therapeutic resistance in GBM. CONCLUSIONS Our results imply that C1RL is involved in immunological activities and is an independent unfavourable prognostic biomarker in patients with glioma. C1RL is a potential clinical immunotherapeutic target for glioma treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyou Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, China
| | - Luqing Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Gaojun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, USA
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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8
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Investigation of C1-complex regions reveals new C1Q variants associated with protection from systemic lupus erythematosus, and affect its transcript abundance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8048. [PMID: 29795138 PMCID: PMC5966390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although rare variant C1Q deficiency was identified as causative risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there are limited and inconsistent reports regarding the common polymorphisms of C1Q genes in SLE susceptibility. Furthermore, there are no reports concerning polymorphisms of C1S, C1R, and C1RL and whether they confer susceptibility to SLE. We therefore evaluated 22 SNPs across six C1-complex genes in two independent case-control cohorts, and identified four novel SNPs that confer protection from SLE. The four SNPs are all located in C1Q. Particularly, the variant rs653286 displayed an independent reduced risk on SLE susceptibility (OR 0.75, P = 2.16 × 10−3) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (OR 0.68, P = 0.024). By bioinformatics analysis, SNPs rs653286 and rs291985 displayed striking cis-eQTL effects on C1Q genes expression. Individuals homozygous for the ‘protective’ allele at four SNPs had significantly higher levels of serum C1q (rs680123–rs682658: P = 0.0022; rs653286–rs291985: P = 0.0076). To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that only C1Q polymorphisms are associated with SLE. The C1Q SNP rs653286 confers an independent protective effect on SLE susceptibility and affects transcript abundance.
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9
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Navarrete M, Ho J, Krokhin O, Ezzati P, Rigatto C, Reslerova M, Rush DN, Nickerson P, Wilkins JA. Proteomic characterization of serine hydrolase activity and composition in normal urine. Clin Proteomics 2013; 10:17. [PMID: 24237849 PMCID: PMC4225696 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-10-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serine hydrolases constitute a large enzyme family involved in a diversity of proteolytic and metabolic processes which are essential for many aspects of normal physiology. The roles of serine hydrolases in renal function are largely unknown and monitoring their activity may provide important insights into renal physiology. The goal of this study was to profile urinary serine hydrolases with activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) and to perform an in-depth compositional analysis. Methods Eighteen healthy individuals provided random, mid-stream urine samples. ABPP was performed by reacting urines (n = 18) with a rhodamine-tagged fluorophosphonate probe and visualizing on SDS-PAGE. Active serine hydrolases were isolated with affinity purification and identified on MS-MS. Enzyme activity was confirmed with substrate specific assays. A complementary 2D LC/MS-MS analysis was performed to evaluate the composition of serine hydrolases in urine. Results Enzyme activity was closely, but not exclusively, correlated with protein quantity. Affinity purification and MS/MS identified 13 active serine hydrolases. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and calcium channel (TRPV5) regulators, tissue kallikrein and plasmin were identified in active forms, suggesting a potential role in regulating sodium and calcium reabsorption in a healthy human model. Complement C1r subcomponent-like protein, mannan binding lectin serine protease 2 and myeloblastin (proteinase 3) were also identified in active forms. The in-depth compositional analysis identified 62 serine hydrolases in urine independent of activity state. Conclusions This study identified luminal regulators of electrolyte homeostasis in an active state in the urine, which suggests tissue kallikrein and plasmin may be functionally relevant in healthy individuals. Additional serine hydrolases were identified in an active form that may contribute to regulating innate immunity of the urinary tract. Finally, the optimized ABPP technique in urine demonstrates its feasibility, reproducibility and potential applicability to profiling urinary enzyme activity in different renal physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Navarrete
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, 799 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 Mc Dermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1R9, Canada.
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10
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Caseiro A, Ferreira R, Quintaneiro C, Pereira A, Marinheiro R, Vitorino R, Amado F. Protease profiling of different biofluids in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:1613-9. [PMID: 22975642 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to disclose the proteolytic events underlying type 1 diabetes and related complication through protease profiling in the bodily fluids serum, urine and saliva. DESIGN AND METHODS Zymography followed by LC-MS/MS was performed for protease identification and quantitative comparison of proteolytic activity between healthy, type 1 diabetic patients with no complications and with retinopathy and nephropathy. Western blotting was also accomplished for MMP-9 and MMP-2 identification and expression analysis. RESULTS Only MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed in serum with significantly increased levels and activity observed in diabetic patients. In urine and saliva other proteases besides MMPs were identified by MS and presented disease-dependent activity variations. Among these are complex MMP-9/Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, aminopeptidase N, azurocidin and kallikrein 1 with more activity noticed in type 1 diabetes patients with nephropathy and/or retinopathy. CONCLUSION Our data highlight the usefulness of urine and saliva for the monitoring of type-1 diabetes-related proteolytic events, where aminopeptidase N, azurocidin and kallikrein 1 appear as promising screening targets for type 1 diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Caseiro
- QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Bassig BA, Zheng T, Zhang Y, Berndt SI, Holford TR, Hosgood HD, Hu W, Leaderer B, Yeager M, Menashe I, Boyle P, Xu J, Zou K, Zhu Y, Chanock S, Rothman N, Lan Q. Polymorphisms in complement system genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2012; 53:145-151. [PMID: 22170086 PMCID: PMC3391498 DOI: 10.1002/em.21675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The complement system plays an important role in inflammatory and immune responses, and recent evidence has suggested that it may also play a role in lymphomagenesis. We evaluated the association between genetic variation in complement system genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a population-based case-control study conducted among women in Connecticut. Tag SNPs in 30 complement genes were genotyped in 432 Caucasian incident cases and 494 frequency-matched controls. A gene-based analysis that adjusted for the number of tag SNPs genotyped in each gene showed a significant association with NHL overall (P = 0.04) as well as with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (P = 0.01) for the C1RL gene. A SNP-based analysis showed that a C>T base substitution for C1RL rs3813729 (odds ratio (OR)(CT) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.42-0.87, P(trend) = 0.0062) was associated with a decreased risk of overall NHL, as well as for DLBCL (OR(CT) = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.20-0.73; P(trend) = 0.0034). Additionally, SNPs (C2 rs497309, A>C and C3 rs344550, G>C) in two complement genes were positively associated with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and C1QG was associated with CLL/SLL, but these results were based on a limited number of cases. Our results suggest a potential role of the complement system in susceptibility to NHL; however, our results should be viewed as exploratory and further replication is needed to clarify these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7240, USA.
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Rossi V, Bally I, Ancelet S, Xu Y, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Vivès RR, Sadir R, Thielens N, Arlaud GJ. Functional Characterization of the Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor Serpin Domain: Insights into Heparin Binding. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:4982-9. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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