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Takasato S, Bando T, Ohnishi K, Tsuzuki M, Hikichi Y, Kiba A. Phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C3 negatively regulates the hypersensitive response via complex signaling with MAP kinase, phytohormones, and reactive oxygen species in Nicotiana benthamiana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4721-4735. [PMID: 37191942 PMCID: PMC10433933 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid signaling plays important roles in plant immune responses. Here, we focused on two phospholipase C3 (PLC3) orthologs in the Nicotiana benthamiana genome, NbPLC3-1 and NbPLC3-2. We generated NbPLC3-1 and NbPLC3-2-double-silenced plants (NbPLC3s-silenced plants). In NbPLC3s-silenced plants challenged with Ralstonia solanacearum 8107, induction of hypersensitive response (HR)-related cell death and bacterial population reduction was accelerated, and the expression level of Nbhin1, a HR marker gene, was enhanced. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes involved in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling drastically increased, reactive oxygen species production was accelerated, and NbMEK2-induced HR-related cell death was also enhanced. Accelerated HR-related cell death was also observed by bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas cichorii, P. syringae, bacterial AvrA, oomycete INF1, and TMGMV-CP with L1 in NbPLC3s-silenced plants. Although HR-related cell death was accelerated, the bacterial population was not reduced in double NbPLC3s and NbCoi1-suppressed plants nor in NbPLC3s-silenced NahG plants. HR-related cell death acceleration and bacterial population reduction resulting from NbPLC3s-silencing were compromised by the concomitant suppression of either NbPLC3s and NbrbohB (respiratory oxidase homolog B) or NbPLC3s and NbMEK2 (mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 2). Thus, NbPLC3s may negatively regulate both HR-related cell death and disease resistance through MAP kinase- and reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling. Disease resistance was also regulated by NbPLC3s through jasmonic acid- and salicylic acid-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Takasato
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Takuya Bando
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Kouhei Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Defense in Plant–Pathogen Interactions, Research Institute of Molecular Genetics, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tsuzuki
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Akinori Kiba
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
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Fukui K, Ohnishi K, Hikichi Y, Kiba A. Phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C4 suppresses the hypersensitive response of Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2023; 40:87-92. [PMID: 38213930 PMCID: PMC10777131 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.1207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipid signaling plays an important role in plant immune responses. Here, we isolated two phospholipase C4 (PLC4) orthologs in the Nicotiana benthamiana genome, designated as N. benthamiana PLC4-1 and PLC4-2 (NbPLC4-1 and NbPLC4-2). We created NbPLC4-1- and NbPLC4-2- silenced plants. Induction of the hypersensitive response (HR), including HR cell death and bacterial population reduction, was accelerated in both NbPLC4-1- and NbPLC4-2-silenced plants challenged with N. benthamiana-incompatible Ralstonia solanacearum 8107. The NbPLC4-1- and NbPLC4-2-silenced plants also showed enhanced expression of Nbhin1, a HR marker gene. Expressions of genes for salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling were drastically increased in NbPLC4-1- and NbPLC4-2-silenced plants by R. solanacearum inoculation. In addition, NbPLC4-1 and NbPLC4-2 silencing triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) hyper-production. These results suggest that NbPLC4s are closely associated with JA, SA, and ROS signaling and act as negative regulators of the HR in N. benthamiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotoko Fukui
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Kouhei Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Defense in Plant-Pathogen Interactions, Research Institute of Molecular Genetics, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Akinori Kiba
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
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Kiba A, Nakano M, Hosokawa M, Galis I, Nakatani H, Shinya T, Ohnishi K, Hikichi Y. Phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C2 regulates pattern-triggered immunity in Nicotiana benthamiana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5027-5038. [PMID: 32412590 PMCID: PMC7410187 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid signaling plays an important role in plant immune responses against phytopathogenic bacteria in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we isolated two phospholipase C2 (PLC2) orthologs in the N. benthamiana genome, designated as PLC2-1 and 2-2. Both NbPLC2-1 and NbPLC2-2 were expressed in most tissues and were induced by infiltration with bacteria and flg22. NbPLC2-1 and NbPLC2-2 (NbPLC2s) double-silenced plants showed a moderately reduced growth phenotype. The induction of the hypersensitive response was not affected, but bacterial growth and the appearance of bacterial wilt were accelerated in NbPLC2s-silenced plants when they were challenged with a virulent strain of Ralstonia solanacearum that was compatible with N. benthamiana. NbPLC2s-silenced plants showed reduced expression levels of NbPR-4, a marker gene for jasmonic acid signaling, and decreased jasmonic acid and jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine contents after inoculation with R. solanacearum. The induction of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) marker genes was reduced in NbPLC2s-silenced plants after infiltration with R. solanacearum or Pseudomonas fluorescens. Accordingly, the resistance induced by flg22 was compromised in NbPLC2s-silenced plants. In addition, the expression of flg22-induced PTI marker genes, the oxidative burst, stomatal closure, and callose deposition were all reduced in the silenced plants. Thus, NbPLC2s might have important roles in pre- and post-invasive defenses, namely in the induction of PTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Kiba
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakano
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, 7549–1 Kibichuo-cho, Kaga-gun, Okayama, Japan
| | - Miki Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Ivan Galis
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakatani
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomonori Shinya
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kouhei Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Defense in Plant–Pathogen Interactions, Research Institute of Molecular Genetics, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
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Naveed ZA, Wei X, Chen J, Mubeen H, Ali GS. The PTI to ETI Continuum in Phytophthora-Plant Interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:593905. [PMID: 33391306 PMCID: PMC7773600 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.593905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora species are notorious pathogens of several economically important crop plants. Several general elicitors, commonly referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), from Phytophthora spp. have been identified that are recognized by the plant receptors to trigger induced defense responses in a process termed PAMP-triggered Immunity (PTI). Adapted Phytophthora pathogens have evolved multiple strategies to evade PTI. They can either modify or suppress their elicitors to avoid recognition by host and modulate host defense responses by deploying hundreds of effectors, which suppress host defense and physiological processes by modulating components involved in calcium and MAPK signaling, alternative splicing, RNA interference, vesicle trafficking, cell-to-cell trafficking, proteolysis and phytohormone signaling pathways. In incompatible interactions, resistant host plants perceive effector-induced modulations through resistance proteins and activate downstream components of defense responses in a quicker and more robust manner called effector-triggered-immunity (ETI). When pathogens overcome PTI-usually through effectors in the absence of R proteins-effectors-triggered susceptibility (ETS) ensues. Qualitatively, many of the downstream defense responses overlap between PTI and ETI. In general, these multiple phases of Phytophthora-plant interactions follow the PTI-ETS-ETI paradigm, initially proposed in the zigzag model of plant immunity. However, based on several examples, in Phytophthora-plant interactions, boundaries between these phases are not distinct but are rather blended pointing to a PTI-ETI continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Afzal Naveed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Xiangying Wei
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Xiangying Wei
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Hira Mubeen
- Departement of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gul Shad Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
- EukaryoTech LLC, Apopka, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Gul Shad Ali
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Kiba A, Nakano M, Ohnishi K, Hikichi Y. The SEC14 phospholipid transfer protein regulates pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:212-218. [PMID: 29475087 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously revealed that the SEC14 phospholipid transfer protein from Nicotiana benthamiana (NbSEC14) has a role in plant immune responses against phytopathogenic bacteria in a hypersensitive response-independent manner. To characterize the role of NbSEC14 on plant immunity, we analyzed the relationship between NbSEC14 and pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). NbSEC14-silenced plants exhibited down-regulated expression of PTI marker genes (NbAcre31 and NbPti5) after being inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Additionally, we observed accelerated bacterial growth and inhibited expression of PTI marker genes in NbSEC14-silenced plants infected with the hrp-deficient P. syringae pv. tabaci mutant. We used Pseudomonas fluorescens and flg22 as PTI inducers to further examine the association between NbSEC14 and the induction of PTI. The expression of PTI marker genes was compromised in NbSEC14-silenced plants infiltrated with P. fluorescens and flg22. Meanwhile, a cell death-based PTI assay indicated NbSEC14 was required for PTI. Furthermore, callose deposition and disease resistance induced by flg22 were compromised in NbSEC14-silenced plants. These results suggest that NbSEC14 may help regulate the induction of PTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Kiba
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
| | - Masahito Nakano
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan; Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Kouhei Ohnishi
- Research Institute of Molecular Genetics, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
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Pfister C, Bourque S, Chatagnier O, Chiltz A, Fromentin J, Van Tuinen D, Wipf D, Leborgne-Castel N. Differential Signaling and Sugar Exchanges in Response to Avirulent Pathogen- and Symbiont-Derived Molecules in Tobacco Cells. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2228. [PMID: 29209286 PMCID: PMC5701941 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants interact with microbes whose ultimate aim is to exploit plant carbohydrates for their reproduction. Plant–microbe interactions (PMIs) are classified according to the nature of their trophic exchanges: while mutualistic microbes trade nutrients with plants, pathogens unilaterally divert carbohydrates. The early responses following microbe recognition and the subsequent control of plant sugar distribution are still poorly understood. To further decipher PMI functionality, we used tobacco cells treated with microbial molecules mimicking pathogenic or mutualistic PMIs, namely cryptogein, a defense elicitor, and chitotetrasaccharide (CO4), which is secreted by mycorrhizal fungi. CO4 was perceived by tobacco cells and triggered widespread transient signaling components such as a sharp cytosolic Ca2+ elevation, NtrbohD-dependent H2O2 production, and MAP kinase activation. These CO4-induced events differed from those induced by cryptogein, i.e., sustained events leading to cell death. Furthermore, cryptogein treatment inhibited glucose and sucrose uptake but not fructose uptake, and promoted the expression of NtSUT and NtSWEET sugar transporters, whereas CO4 had no effect on sugar uptake and only a slight effect on NtSWEET2B expression. Our results suggest that microbial molecules induce different signaling responses that reflect microbial lifestyle and the subsequent outcome of the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Pfister
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Bourque
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Odile Chatagnier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Annick Chiltz
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Fromentin
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Diederik Van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Cacas JL, Gerbeau-Pissot P, Fromentin J, Cantrel C, Thomas D, Jeannette E, Kalachova T, Mongrand S, Simon-Plas F, Ruelland E. Diacylglycerol kinases activate tobacco NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative burst in response to cryptogein. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:585-598. [PMID: 27272019 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cryptogein is a 10 kDa protein secreted by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea that activates defence mechanisms in tobacco plants. Among early signalling events triggered by this microbial-associated molecular pattern is a transient apoplastic oxidative burst which is dependent on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity of the RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG isoform D (RBOHD). Using radioactive [33 P]-orthophosphate labelling of tobacco Bright Yellow-2 suspension cells, we here provide in vivo evidence for a rapid accumulation of phosphatidic acid (PA) in response to cryptogein because of the coordinated onset of phosphoinositide-dependent phospholipase C and diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) activities. Both enzyme specific inhibitors and silencing of the phylogenetic cluster III of the tobacco DGK family were found to reduce PA production upon elicitation and to strongly decrease the RBOHD-mediated oxidative burst. Therefore, it appears that PA originating from DGK controls NADPH-oxidase activity. Amongst cluster III DGKs, the expression of DGK5-like was up-regulated in response to cryptogein. Besides DGK5-like is likely to be the main cluster III DGK isoform silenced in one of our mutant lines, making it a strong candidate for the observed response to cryptogein. The relevance of these results is discussed with regard to early signalling lipid-mediated events in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Cacas
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Patricia Gerbeau-Pissot
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Fromentin
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Cantrel
- UPMC UnivParis06, UR5, Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jeannette
- UPMC UnivParis06, UR5, Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Tetiana Kalachova
- UPE, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France
- CNRS, UMR7618, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- CNRS, UMR 5200 Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, BP81, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Ruelland
- UPMC UnivParis06, UR5, Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris cedex 05, France
- UPE, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France
- CNRS, UMR7618, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France
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Rosnoblet C, Bègue H, Blanchard C, Pichereaux C, Besson-Bard A, Aimé S, Wendehenne D. Functional characterization of the chaperon-like protein Cdc48 in cryptogein-induced immune response in tobacco. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:491-508. [PMID: 26662183 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cdc48, a molecular chaperone conserved in different kingdoms, is a member of the AAA+ family contributing to numerous processes in mammals including proteins quality control and degradation, vesicular trafficking, autophagy and immunity. The functions of Cdc48 plant orthologues are less understood. We previously reported that Cdc48 is regulated by S-nitrosylation in tobacco cells undergoing an immune response triggered by cryptogein, an elicitin produced by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea. Here, we inv estigated the function of NtCdc48 in cryptogein signalling and induced hypersensitive-like cell death. NtCdc48 was found to accumulate in elicited cells at both the protein and transcript levels. Interestingly, only a small proportion of the overall NtCdc48 population appeared to be S-nitrosylated. Using gel filtration in native conditions, we confirmed that NtCdc48 was present in its hexameric active form. An immunoprecipitation-based strategy following my mass spectrometry analysis led to the identification of about a hundred NtCdc48 partners and underlined its contribution in cellular processes including targeting of ubiquitylated proteins for proteasome-dependent degradation, subcellular trafficking and redox regulation. Finally, the analysis of cryptogein-induced events in NtCdc48-overexpressing cells highlighted a correlation between NtCdc48 expression and hypersensitive cell death. Altogether, this study identified NtCdc48 as a component of cryptogein signalling and plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rosnoblet
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Hervé Bègue
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Cécile Blanchard
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Fédération de Recherche 3450, Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale - CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 205 route de Narbonne,, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Angélique Besson-Bard
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Sébastien Aimé
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
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Liu Y, He C. A review of redox signaling and the control of MAP kinase pathway in plants. Redox Biol 2016; 11:192-204. [PMID: 27984790 PMCID: PMC5157795 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved modules among eukaryotic species that range from yeast, plants, flies to mammals. In eukaryotic cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) has both physiological and toxic effects. Both MAPK cascades and ROS signaling are involved in plant response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. It has been observed that not only can ROS induce MAPK activation, but also that disturbing MAPK cascades can modulate ROS production and responses. This review will discuss the potential mechanisms by which ROS may activate and/or regulate MAPK cascades in plants. The role of MAPK cascades and ROS signaling in regulating gene expression, stomatal function, and programmed cell death (PCD) is also discussed. In addition, the relationship between Rboh-dependent ROS production and MAPK activation in PAMP-triggered immunity will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailong Si, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailong Si, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengzhong He
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailong Si, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Ge YY, Xiang QW, Wagner C, Zhang D, Xie ZP, Staehelin C. The type 3 effector NopL of Sinorhizobium sp. strain NGR234 is a mitogen-activated protein kinase substrate. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2483-94. [PMID: 26931172 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria utilize type 3 secretion systems to inject type 3 effectors (T3Es) into host cells, thereby subverting host defense reactions. Similarly, T3Es of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia can affect nodule formation on roots of legumes. Previous work showed that NopL (nodulation outer protein L) of Sinorhizobium(Ensifer) sp. strain NGR234 is multiply phosphorylated in eukaryotic cells and that this T3E suppresses responses mediated by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling in yeast (mating pheromone signaling) and plant cells (expression of pathogenesis-related defense proteins). Here, we show that NopL is a MAP kinase substrate. Microscopic observations of fluorescent fusion proteins and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis in onion cells indicated that NopL is targeted to the nucleus and forms a complex with SIPK (salicylic acid-induced protein kinase), a MAP kinase of tobacco. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NopL is phosphorylatyed by SIPK. At least nine distinct spots were observed after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, indicating that NopL can be hyperphosphorylated by MAP kinases. Senescence symptoms in nodules of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Tendergreen) were analyzed to determine the symbiotic effector activity of different NopL variants with serine to alanine substitutions at identified and predicted phosphorylation sites (serine-proline motif). NopL variants with six or eight serine to alanine substitutions were partially active, whereas NopL forms with 10 or 12 substituted serine residues were inactive. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that NopL interacts with MAP kinases and reveals the importance of serine-proline motifs for effector activity during symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Wang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christian Wagner
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Shenzhen Research and Development Center of State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Baoan, Shenzhen, China
| | - Christian Staehelin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Shenzhen Research and Development Center of State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Baoan, Shenzhen, China
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11
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Kulik A, Noirot E, Grandperret V, Bourque S, Fromentin J, Salloignon P, Truntzer C, Dobrowolska G, Simon-Plas F, Wendehenne D. Interplays between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in cryptogein signalling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:331-48. [PMID: 24506708 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has many functions in plants. Here, we investigated its interplays with reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the defence responses triggered by the elicitin cryptogein. The production of NO induced by cryptogein in tobacco cells was partly regulated through a ROS-dependent pathway involving the NADPH oxidase NtRBOHD. In turn, NO down-regulated the level of H2O2. Both NO and ROS synthesis appeared to be under the control of type-2 histone deacetylases acting as negative regulators of cell death. Occurrence of an interplay between NO and ROS was further supported by the finding that cryptogein triggered a production of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Next, we showed that ROS, but not NO, negatively regulate the intensity of activity of the cryptogein-induced protein kinase NtOSAK. Furthermore, using a DNA microarray approach, we identified 15 genes early induced by cryptogein via NO. A part of these genes was also modulated by ROS and encoded proteins showing sequence identity to ubiquitin ligases. Their expression appeared to be negatively regulated by ONOO(-), suggesting that ONOO(-) mitigates the effects of NO and ROS. Finally, we provided evidence that NO required NtRBOHD activity for inducing cell death, thus confirming previous assumption that ROS channel NO through cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kulik
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
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12
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Hao G, Pitino M, Ding F, Lin H, Stover E, Duan Y. Induction of innate immune responses by flagellin from the intracellular bacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:211. [PMID: 25091183 PMCID: PMC4422280 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) is a phloem-limited alphaproteobacterium associated with the devastating zebra chip disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Like other members of Liberibacter, Lso-ZC1 encodes a flagellin domain-containing protein (Fla Lso ) with a conserved 22 amino-acid peptide (flg22 Lso ). To understand the innate immune responses triggered by this unculturable intracellular bacterium, we studied the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that triggered immunity in Nicotiana benthamiana, using the flg22 Lso peptide and the full length fla Lso gene. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression of fla Lso via Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression induced a slow necrotic cell death in the inoculated leaves of N. benthamiana, which was coupled with a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, the expression of several representative genes involved in innate immunity was transiently up-regulated by the flg22 Lso in N. benthamiana. The Fla Lso , however, induced stronger up-regulation of these representative genes compared to the flg22 Lso , especially that of flagellin receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and respiratory burst oxidase (RbohB) in N. benthamiana. Although neither cell death nor ROS were induced by the synthetic flg22 Lso , a weak callose deposition was observed in infiltrated leaves of tobacco, tomato, and potato plants. CONCLUSION The flagellin of Lso and its functional domain, flg22 Lso share characteristics of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and trigger unique innate immune responses in N. benthamiana. Slow and weak activation of the innate immune response in host plants by the flagellin of Lso may reflect the nature of its intracellular life cycle. Our findings provide new insights into the role of the Lso flagellin in the development of potato zebra chip disease and potential application in breeding for resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixia Hao
- U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA.
| | - Marco Pitino
- U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA.
| | - Fang Ding
- U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA.
| | - Hong Lin
- San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA.
| | - Ed Stover
- U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA.
| | - Yongping Duan
- U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA.
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13
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Endocytosis: At the Crossroads of Pattern Recognition Immune Receptors and Pathogen Effectors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41787-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hoeberichts FA, Davoine C, Vandorpe M, Morsa S, Ksas B, Stassen C, Triantaphylidès C, Van Breusegem F. Cryptogein-induced transcriptional reprogramming in tobacco is light dependent. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:263-75. [PMID: 23878079 PMCID: PMC3762647 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.217240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The fungal elicitor cryptogein triggers a light-dependent hypersensitive response in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). To assess the effect of light on this nonhost resistance in more detail, we studied various aspects of the response under dark and light conditions using the tobacco-cryptogein experimental system. Here, we show that light drastically alters the plant's transcriptional response to cryptogein, notably by dampening the induction of genes involved in multiple processes, such as ethylene biosynthesis, secondary metabolism, and glutathione turnover. Furthermore, chlorophyll fluorescence measurements demonstrated that quantum yield and functioning of the light-harvesting antennae decreased simultaneously, indicating that photoinhibition underlies the observed decreased photosynthesis and that photooxidative damage might be involved in the establishment of the altered response. Analysis of the isomer distribution of hydroxy fatty acids illustrated that, in the light, lipid peroxidation was predominantly due to the production of singlet oxygen. Differences in (reduced) glutathione concentrations and the rapid development of symptoms in the light when cryptogein was coinfiltrated with glutathione biosynthesis inhibitors suggest that glutathione might become a limiting factor during the cryptogein-induced hypersensitive response in the dark and that this response might be modified by an increased antioxidant availability in the light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michaël Vandorpe
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.); and
- Université d’Aix Marseille, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
| | | | - Brigitte Ksas
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.); and
- Université d’Aix Marseille, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
| | | | - Christian Triantaphylidès
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (F.A.H., M.V., S.M., C.S., F.V.B.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.); and
- Université d’Aix Marseille, F–13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France (C.D., B.K., C.T.)
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Astier J, Besson-Bard A, Lamotte O, Bertoldo J, Bourque S, Terenzi H, Wendehenne D. Nitric oxide inhibits the ATPase activity of the chaperone-like AAA+ ATPase CDC48, a target for S-nitrosylation in cryptogein signalling in tobacco cells. Biochem J 2012; 447:249-60. [PMID: 22835150 DOI: 10.1042/bj20120257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
NO has important physiological functions in plants, including the adaptative response to pathogen attack. We previously demonstrated that cryptogein, an elicitor of defence reaction produced by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea, triggers NO synthesis in tobacco. To decipher the role of NO in tobacco cells elicited by cryptogein, in the present study we performed a proteomic approach in order to identify proteins undergoing S-nitrosylation. We provided evidence that cryptogein induced the S-nitrosylation of several proteins and identified 11 candidates, including CDC48 (cell division cycle 48), a member of the AAA+ ATPase (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) family. In vitro, NtCDC48 (Nicotiana tabacum CDC48) was shown to be poly-S-nitrosylated by NO donors and we could identify Cys(110), Cys(526) and Cys(664) as a targets for S-nitrosylation. Cys(526) is located in the Walker A motif of the D2 domain, that is involved in ATP binding and was previously reported to be regulated by oxidative modification in Drosophila. We investigated the consequence of NtCDC48 S-nitrosylation and found that NO abolished NtCDC48 ATPase activity and induced slight conformation changes in the vicinity of Cys(526). Similarly, substitution of Cys(526) by an alanine residue had an impact on NtCDC48 activity. More generally, the present study identified CDC48 as a new candidate for S-nitrosylation in plants facing biotic stress and further supports the importance of Cys(526) in the regulation of CDC48 by oxidative/nitrosative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéremy Astier
- UMR 1347 Agroécologie AgroSup Dijon/INRA/Université de Bourgogne, Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Dijon, France
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16
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Dahan J, Hammoudi V, Wendehenne D, Bourque S. Type 2 histone deacetylases play a major role in the control of elicitor-induced cell death in tobacco. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:1865-7. [PMID: 22067994 PMCID: PMC3343733 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.11.17848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cell death which characterizes the onset of the Hypersensitive Response (HR) is a very important weapon evolved by plants to block pathogen development. By the use of numerous plant/avirulent pathogen or plant/elicitor models, we have now obtained detailed signalling pathways allowing, after pathogen or elicitor perception, the control of the expression of specific sets of genes that contribute to cell death. However, our knowledge of the molecular actors involved in this process still remains limited. This is particularly true when regarding what happen in the nucleus. We recently reported that nuclear post-translational protein modifications are major processes that control cell death. Using the tobacco/cryptogein model, we showed that type 2 histone deacetylase activities, which act as negative regulators of cell death, depend on their phosphorylation status. In the present paper, we integrated all these results to propose a model depicting the putative nuclear signalling pathways controlling the establishment of cell death in tobacco in response to the cryptogein elicitor. This model highlights the role of the nuclear protein acetylation and phosphorylation in the establishment of plant defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dahan
- UMR Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, Dijon, France
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Ma Y, Berkowitz GA. Danger at your door: pathogen signals and programmed cell death in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 192:1-3. [PMID: 21884526 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4163, USA
| | - Gerald A Berkowitz
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4163, USA
- (Author for correspondence: tel +1 860 486 1945; email )
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Bourque S, Dutartre A, Hammoudi V, Blanc S, Dahan J, Jeandroz S, Pichereaux C, Rossignol M, Wendehenne D. Type-2 histone deacetylases as new regulators of elicitor-induced cell death in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 192:127-139. [PMID: 21651563 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03788.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
• Plant resistance to pathogen attack is often associated with a localized programmed cell death called hypersensitive response (HR). How this cell death is controlled remains largely unknown. • Upon treatment with cryptogein, an elicitor of tobacco defence and cell death, we identified NtHD2a and NtHD2b, two redundant isoforms of type-2 nuclear histone deacetylases (HDACs). These HDACs are phosphorylated after a few minutes' treatment, and their rate of mRNAs are rapidly and strongly reduced, leading to a 40-fold decrease after 10 h of treatment. • By using HDAC inhibitors, RNAi- and overexpression-based approaches, we showed that HDACs, and especially NtHD2a/b, act as inhibitors of cryptogein-induced cell death. Moreover, in NtHD2a/b-silenced plants, infiltration with cryptogein led to HR-like symptoms in distal leaves. • Taken together, these results show for the first time that type-2 HDACs, which are specific to plants, act as negative regulators of elicitor-induced cell death in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), suggesting that the HR is controlled by post-translational modifications including (de)acetylation of nuclear proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bourque
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
- GDR CNRS N°2688 'Calcium et régulation de l'expression des gènes en contexte normal et pathologique', 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Dutartre
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
| | - Valentin Hammoudi
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
| | - Sabrina Blanc
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
| | - Jennifer Dahan
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
| | - Sylvain Jeandroz
- UPSP PROXISS, AgroSup Dijon, 26 Boulevard du Dr Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon cedex, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Plateforme Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France and Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Rossignol
- Plateforme Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France and Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France
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Segonzac C, Feike D, Gimenez-Ibanez S, Hann DR, Zipfel C, Rathjen JP. Hierarchy and roles of pathogen-associated molecular pattern-induced responses in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:687-99. [PMID: 21478366 PMCID: PMC3177268 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.171249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Our current understanding of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity signaling pathways in plants is limited due to the redundancy of several components or the lethality of mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To overcome this, we used a virus-induced gene silencing-based approach in combination with pharmacological studies to decipher links between early PAMP-triggered immunity events and their roles in immunity following PAMP perception in Nicotiana benthamiana. Two different calcium influx inhibitors suppressed the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst: activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and PAMP-induced gene expression. The calcium burst was unaffected in plants specifically silenced for components involved in ROS generation or for MAPKs activated by PAMP treatment. Importantly, the ROS burst still occurred in plants silenced for the two major defense-associated MAPK genes NbSIPK (for salicylic acid-induced protein kinase) and NbWIPK (for wound-induced protein kinase) or for both genes simultaneously, demonstrating that these MAPKs are dispensable for ROS production. We further show that NbSIPK silencing is sufficient to prevent PAMP-induced gene expression but that both MAPKs are required for bacterial immunity against two virulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae and their respective nonpathogenic mutants. These results suggest that the PAMP-triggered calcium burst is upstream of separate signaling branches, one leading to MAPK activation and then gene expression and the other to ROS production. In addition, this study highlights the essential roles of NbSIPK and NbWIPK in antibacterial immunity. Unexpectedly, negative regulatory mechanisms controlling the intensity of the PAMP-triggered calcium and ROS bursts were also revealed by this work.
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Schouppe D, Ghesquière B, Menschaert G, De Vos WH, Bourque S, Trooskens G, Proost P, Gevaert K, Van Damme EJ. Interaction of the tobacco lectin with histone proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 155:1091-102. [PMID: 21224338 PMCID: PMC3046571 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.170134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) agglutinin or Nictaba is a member of a novel class of plant lectins residing in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of tobacco cells. Since tobacco lectin expression is only observed after the plant has been subjected to stress situations such as jasmonate treatment or insect attack, Nictaba is believed to act as a signaling protein involved in the stress physiology of the plant. In this paper, a nuclear proteomics approach was followed to identify the binding partners for Nictaba in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of tobacco cv Xanthi cells. Using lectin affinity chromatography and pull-down assays, it was shown that Nictaba interacts primarily with histone proteins. Binding of Nictaba with histone H2B was confirmed in vitro using affinity chromatography of purified calf thymus histone proteins on a Nictaba column. Elution of Nictaba-interacting histone proteins was achieved with 1 m N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Moreover, mass spectrometry analyses indicated that the Nictaba-interacting histone proteins are modified by O-GlcNAc. Since the lectin-histone interaction was shown to be carbohydrate dependent, it is proposed that Nictaba might fulfill a signaling role in response to stress by interacting with O-GlcNAcylated proteins in the plant cell nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Els J.M. Van Damme
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering (D.S., E.J.M.V.D.), Department of Biochemistry (B.G., K.G.), Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering (G.M., G.T.), and Bioimaging and Cytometry Unit, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering (W.H.D.V.), Ghent University, B–9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, B–9000 Ghent, Belgium (B.G., K.G.); UMR INRA 1088-CNRS 5184-Université de Bourgogne Plant-Microbe-Environnement, 21065 Dijon cedex, France (S.B.); Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (P.P.)
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Mazars C, Thuleau P, Lamotte O, Bourque S. Cross-talk between ROS and calcium in regulation of nuclear activities. MOLECULAR PLANT 2010; 3:706-18. [PMID: 20522524 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are acknowledged as crucial second messengers involved in the response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is still not clear how these two compounds can play a role in different signaling pathways leading the plant to a variety of processes such as root development or defense against pathogens. Recently, it has been shown that the concept of calcium and ROS signatures, initially discovered in the cytoplasm, can also be extended to the nucleus of plant cells. In addition, it has been clearly proved that both ROS and calcium signals are intimately interconnected. How this cross-talk can finally modulate the translocation and/or the activity of nuclear proteins leading to the control of specific genes expression is the main focus of this review. We will especially focus on how calcium and ROS interact at the molecular level to modify their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Hyun TK, Kim JS, Kwon SY, Kim SH. Comparative genomic analysis of mitogen activated protein kinase gene family in grapevine. Genes Genomics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-010-0010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dahan J, Wendehenne D, Ranjeva R, Pugin A, Bourque S. Nuclear protein kinases: still enigmatic components in plant cell signalling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 185:355-68. [PMID: 19925553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants constantly face changing conditions in their environment. Unravelling the transduction mechanisms from signal perception at the plasma membrane level down to gene expression in the nucleus is a fascinating challenge. Protein phosphorylation, catalysed by protein kinases, is one of the major posttranslational modifications involved in the specificity, kinetic(s) and intensity of a signal transduction pathway. Although commonly assumed, the involvement of nuclear protein kinases in signal transduction is often poorly characterized. In particular, both their regulation and mode of action remain to be elucidated and may lead to the unveiling of new original mechanisms. For example, unlike animal cells, plant cells contain only a few strictly nucleus-localized protein kinases, which calls into question the role of this cellular distribution between the cytosol and the nucleus in their activation and functions. The control of their nucleocytoplasmic trafficking appears to play a major role in their regulation, probably through promoting interactions with their substrates under specific cellular conditions. However, recent findings showing that the nucleus can generate complex networks of second messengers (e.g. Ca(2+)or diacyglycerol) suggest that nuclear protein kinases could play an active role in the decoding of such signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dahan
- UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, France
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Hyun TK, Hoffmann A, Sinha AK, Roitsch T. Tomato mitogen activated protein kinases regulate the expression of extracellular invertase Lin6 in response to stress related stimuli. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2010; 36:1088-1097. [PMID: 32688720 DOI: 10.1071/fp09136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is a common reaction of plant cells in defence-related signal transduction pathways. Since the downstream events after the activation of MAPKs are largely unknown in plants, the role of MAPKs in the coordinate regulation of defence reactions and primary carbon metabolism by stress related stimuli has been analysed in tomato (Lycopersicon peruvianum Mill.). Thus, the relationship between MAPK, LpMPK2 and LpMPK3 and extracellular invertase Lin6, as the key enzyme of an apoplasmic phloem unloading pathway, has been analysed. It was observed that the mRNAs of LpMPK3 and Lin6 are sequentially induced by the same set of stress related stimuli, wounding, a fungal elicitor derived from Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici, the endogenous plant derived elicitor PGA and salt stress, while LpMPK2 transcripts are constitutively expressed. In a gain of function approach, a His-tagged version of LpMPK2 and a HA-tagged version of LpMPK3 were transiently and functionally expressed in leaves of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants expressing the β-glucuronidase reporter gene under control of the Lin6 promoter via agro-infection. The induction of the Lin6 promoter, as revealed by an increase in β-glucuronidase activity after 24 h, was dependent both on the expression and activation of both LpMPK2 and LpMPK3. These data suggest that the induction of extracellular invertase Lin6 by stress-related stimuli requires LpMPK2 and LpMPK3, and thus demonstrate that MAPK signalling might be involved in the regulation of primary carbon metabolism in general and sink metabolism in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Hyun
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut fuer Biowissenschaften, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anja Hoffmann
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut fuer Biowissenschaften, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alok K Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, PB No. 10531, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Thomas Roitsch
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institut fuer Biowissenschaften, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
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