1
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Han X, Wang D, Yang L, Wang N, Shen J, Wang J, Zhang L, Chen L, Gao S, Zong WX, Wang Y. Activation of polyamine catabolism promotes glutamine metabolism and creates a targetable vulnerability in lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319429121. [PMID: 38513095 PMCID: PMC10990097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319429121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are a class of small polycationic alkylamines that play essential roles in both normal and cancer cell growth. Polyamine metabolism is frequently dysregulated and considered a therapeutic target in cancer. However, targeting polyamine metabolism as monotherapy often exhibits limited efficacy, and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we report that activation of polyamine catabolism promotes glutamine metabolism, leading to a targetable vulnerability in lung cancer. Genetic and pharmacological activation of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine catabolism, enhances the conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent glutathione (GSH) synthesis. This metabolic rewiring ameliorates oxidative stress to support lung cancer cell proliferation and survival. Simultaneous glutamine limitation and SAT1 activation result in ROS accumulation, growth inhibition, and cell death. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of either one of glutamine transport, glutaminase, or GSH biosynthesis in combination with activation of polyamine catabolism synergistically suppresses lung cancer cell growth and xenograft tumor formation. Together, this study unveils a previously unappreciated functional interconnection between polyamine catabolism and glutamine metabolism and establishes cotargeting strategies as potential therapeutics in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Han
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Deyu Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Liao Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Bio-med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ08854
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Li Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Shenglan Gao
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ08854
| | - Yongbo Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
- Minhang Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
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2
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Allmeroth K, Kim CS, Annibal A, Pouikli A, Koester J, Derisbourg MJ, Andrés Chacón-Martínez C, Latza C, Antebi A, Tessarz P, Wickström SA, Denzel MS. N1-acetylspermidine is a determinant of hair follicle stem cell fate. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:261953. [PMID: 33973637 PMCID: PMC8182411 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.252767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell differentiation is accompanied by increased mRNA translation. The rate of protein biosynthesis is influenced by the polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine, which are essential for cell growth and stem cell maintenance. However, the role of polyamines as endogenous effectors of stem cell fate and whether they act through translational control remains obscure. Here, we investigate the function of polyamines in stem cell fate decisions using hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) organoids. Compared to progenitor cells, HFSCs showed lower translation rates, correlating with reduced polyamine levels. Surprisingly, overall polyamine depletion decreased translation but did not affect cell fate. In contrast, specific depletion of natural polyamines mediated by spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT; also known as SAT1) activation did not reduce translation but enhanced stemness. These results suggest a translation-independent role of polyamines in cell fate regulation. Indeed, we identified N1-acetylspermidine as a determinant of cell fate that acted through increasing self-renewal, and observed elevated N1-acetylspermidine levels upon depilation-mediated HFSC proliferation and differentiation in vivo. Overall, this study delineates the diverse routes of polyamine metabolism-mediated regulation of stem cell fate decisions. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Reduced protein synthesis is required for stem cell functions. Here, we delineate a complex interplay of polyamines and mRNA translation that determines hair follicle stem cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Allmeroth
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine S Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Andromachi Pouikli
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Janis Koester
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD - Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maxime J Derisbourg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD - Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Tessarz
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD - Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara A Wickström
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD - Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,Helsinki Institute for Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin S Denzel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD - Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
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3
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Fernández-Reina A, Urdiales JL, Sánchez-Jiménez F. What We Know and What We Need to Know about Aromatic and Cationic Biogenic Amines in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Foods 2018; 7:E145. [PMID: 30181486 PMCID: PMC6164962 DOI: 10.3390/foods7090145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines derived from basic and aromatic amino acids (B/A-BAs), polyamines, histamine, serotonin, and catecholamines are a group of molecules playing essential roles in many relevant physiological processes, including cell proliferation, immune response, nutrition and reproduction. All these physiological effects involve a variety of tissue-specific cellular receptors and signalling pathways, which conforms to a very complex network that is not yet well-characterized. Strong evidence has proved the importance of this group of molecules in the gastrointestinal context, also playing roles in several pathologies. This work is based on the hypothesis that integration of biomedical information helps to reach new translational actions. Thus, the major aim of this work is to combine scientific knowledge on biomolecules, metabolism and physiology of the main B/A-BAs involved in the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to point out important gaps in information and other facts deserving further research efforts in order to connect molecular information with pathophysiological observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Reina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Luis Urdiales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisca Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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4
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Mounce BC, Poirier EZ, Passoni G, Simon-Loriere E, Cesaro T, Prot M, Stapleford KA, Moratorio G, Sakuntabhai A, Levraud JP, Vignuzzi M. Interferon-Induced Spermidine-Spermine Acetyltransferase and Polyamine Depletion Restrict Zika and Chikungunya Viruses. Cell Host Microbe 2016; 20:167-77. [PMID: 27427208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are small, positively charged molecules derived from ornithine and synthesized through an intricately regulated enzymatic pathway. Within cells, they are abundant and play several roles in diverse processes. We find that polyamines are required for the life cycle of the RNA viruses chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Depletion of spermidine and spermine via type I interferon signaling-mediated induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT1), a key catabolic enzyme in the polyamine pathway, restricts CHIKV and ZIKV replication. Polyamine depletion restricts these viruses in vitro and in vivo, due to impairment of viral translation and RNA replication. The restriction is released by exogenous replenishment of polyamines, further supporting a role for these molecules in virus replication. Thus, SAT1 and, more broadly, polyamine depletion restrict viral replication and suggest promising avenues for antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C Mounce
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Enzo Z Poirier
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gabriella Passoni
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaire, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France; Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS URA2578, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Etienne Simon-Loriere
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Teresa Cesaro
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Matthieu Prot
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Kenneth A Stapleford
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Gonzalo Moratorio
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Levraud
- Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; CNRS URA2578, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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5
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Zhu Y, Hazeldine S, Li J, Oupický D. Dendritic polyglycerol with secondary amine shell as an efficient gene delivery vector with reduced toxicity. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha NE 68198 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wayne State University; Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Stuart Hazeldine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wayne State University; Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha NE 68198 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wayne State University; Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha NE 68198 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wayne State University; Detroit MI 48202 USA
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6
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Ray RM, Bhattacharya S, Bavaria MN, Viar MJ, Johnson LR. Spermidine, a sensor for antizyme 1 expression regulates intracellular polyamine homeostasis. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2005-13. [PMID: 24824458 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although intracellular polyamine levels are highly regulated, it is unclear whether intracellular putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), or spermine (SPM) levels act as a sensor to regulate their synthesis or uptake. Polyamines have been shown to induce AZ1 expression through a unique +1 frameshifting mechanism. However, under physiological conditions which particular polyamine induces AZ1, and thereby ODC activity, is unknown due to their inter-conversion. In this study we demonstrate that SPD regulates AZ1 expression under physiological conditions in IEC-6 cells. PUT and SPD showed potent induction of AZ1 within 4 h in serum-starved confluent cells grown in DMEM (control) medium. Unlike control cells, PUT failed to induce AZ1 in cells grown in DFMO containing medium; however, SPD caused a robust AZ1 induction in these cells. SPM showed very little effect on AZ1 expression in both the control and polyamine-depleted cells. Only SPD induced AZ1 when S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) and/or ODC were inhibited. Surprisingly, addition of DENSpm along with DFMO restored AZ1 induction by putrescine in polyamine-depleted cells suggesting that the increased SSAT activity in response to DENSpm converted SPM to SPD, leading to the expression of AZ1. This study shows that intracellular SPD levels controls AZ1 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh M Ray
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA,
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7
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Andersen SM, Taylor R, Holen E, Aksnes A, Espe M. Arginine supplementation and exposure time affects polyamine and glucose metabolism in primary liver cells isolated from Atlantic salmon. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1225-33. [PMID: 24500114 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Arginine has been demonstrated to enhance glucose and lipid oxidation in mammals through activation of polyamine turnover. We aimed to investigate how arginine affects energy utilization through polyamine metabolism and whether this effect is time dependent. Primary liver cells were isolated from Atlantic salmon (2.2 kg body weight) fed diets containing 25.5 (low arginine, LA) or 36.1 (high arginine, HA) g arginine/kg dry matter for 12 weeks, to investigate the effect of long-term arginine supplementation. The cells were cultured for 24 h in L-15 medium to which either alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or N (1),N (11)-diethylnorspermine (DENSPM) was added. Analysis of the medium by nuclear magnetic resonance revealed significant differences between the two dietary groups as well as between cells exposed to DFMO and DENSPM, with decreased glucose, fumarate and lactate concentrations in media of the HA cells. Liver cells from fish fed the HA diet had higher spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase protein abundance and lower adenosine triphosphate concentration as compared to the LA-fed fish, while gene expression was not affected by either diet or treatment. Primary liver cells isolated from salmon fed a commercial diet and cultured in L-15 media with or without arginine supplementation (1.82 or 3.63 mM) for 48 h, representing short-term effect of arginine supplementation, showed differential expression of genes for apoptosis and polyamine synthesis due to arginine supplementation or inhibition by DFMO. Overall, arginine concentration and exposure time affected energy metabolism and gene regulation more than inhibition or activation of key enzymes of polyamine metabolism, suggesting a polyamine-independent influence of arginine on cellular energy metabolism and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synne Marte Andersen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), PO Box 2029, 5817, Bergen, Norway,
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8
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Soda K. Polyamines. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.61.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyasu Soda
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
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9
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Increased breast cancer cell toxicity by palladination of the polyamine analogue N (1),N (11)-bis(ethyl)norspermine. Amino Acids 2013; 46:339-52. [PMID: 24363201 PMCID: PMC3906527 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor forms among women and many women succumb to their disease. Thus, new anticancer agents that can efficiently improve patient survival are of the utmost importance. In this study, the effects of the polyamine analogues N (1),N (11)-bis(ethyl)norspermine (BENSpm) and N (1)-cyclo-propylmethyl-N (11)-ethylnorspermine (CPENSpm) and the synthesized dinuclear complexes Pd2BENSpm (Pd-BENSpm), Pt2CPENSpm (Pt-CPENSpm) and Pd2Spm (Pd-Spm) were investigated in normal-like breast epithelial MCF-10A cells and the breast cancer cell lines JIMT-1 and L56BR-C1. The overall data show that palladination of BENSpm resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity, in contrast to platination of CPENSpm that reduced cytotoxicity, which might be explained by differences in the cellular uptake of Pd-BENSpm and Pt-CPENSpm. BENSpm and Pd-BENSpm treatment reduced the CD44(+)CD24(-) putative cancer stem cell population, evaluated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, Pd-BENSpm was the most efficient compound regarding induction of DNA damage and decrease in colony formation in soft agar. Pt-CPENSpm and Pd-Spm, on the other hand, were shown to be the least toxic compounds of all tested. Pd-Spm efficiently reduced the cellular glutathione levels, which probably was a consequence of its metabolic inactivation by conjugation to this endogenous thiol. The normal-like cells were found to be less sensitive to the agents than the breast cancer cells. Our findings show that Pd-BENSpm exhibits promising anticancer effects which render it suitable for further optimization to develop a new metal-based chemotherapeutic drug for breast cancer treatment.
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10
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North ML, Grasemann H, Khanna N, Inman MD, Gauvreau GM, Scott JA. Increased ornithine-derived polyamines cause airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 48:694-702. [PMID: 23470627 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0323oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-regulation of arginase contributes to airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma by reducing L-arginine bioavailability for the nitric oxide (NO) synthase isozymes. The product of arginase activity, L-ornithine, can be metabolized into polyamines by ornithine decarboxylase. We tested the hypothesis that increases in L-ornithine-derived polyamines contribute to AHR in mouse models of allergic airways inflammation. After measuring significantly increased polyamine levels in sputum samples from human subjects with asthma after allergen challenge, we used acute and subacute ovalbumin sensitization and challenge mouse models of allergic airways inflammation and naive mice to investigate the relationship of AHR to methacholine and polyamines in the lung. We found that spermine levels were elevated significantly in lungs from the acute model, which exhibits robust AHR, but not in the subacute murine model of asthma, which does not develop AHR. Intratracheal administration of spermine significantly augmented airways responsiveness to methacholine in both naive mice and mice with subacute airways inflammation, and reduced nitrite/nitrate levels in lung homogenates, suggesting that the AHR developed as a consequence of inhibition of constitutive NO production in the airways. Chronic inhibition of polyamine synthesis using an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor significantly reduced polyamine levels, restored nitrite/nitrate levels to normal, and abrogated the AHR to methacholine in the acute model of allergic airways inflammation. We demonstrate that spermine increases airways responsiveness to methacholine, likely through inhibition of constitutive NO synthesis. Thus, inhibition of polyamine production may represent a new therapeutic target to treat airway obstruction in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L North
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Nayvelt I, John S, Hsu HC, Yang P, Liu W, Das G, Hyvönen MT, Alhonen L, Keinänen TA, Shirahata A, Patel R, Thomas T, Thomas TJ. A potential estrogen mimetic effect of a bis(ethyl)polyamine analogue on estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Amino Acids 2011; 42:899-911. [PMID: 21830120 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BE-3-3-3-3 (1,15-(ethylamino)4,8,12-triazapentadecane) is a bis(ethyl)polyamine analogue under investigation as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer. Since estradiol (E(2)) is a critical regulatory molecule in the growth of breast cancer, we examined the effect of BE-3-3-3-3 on estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive MCF-7 cells in the presence and absence of E(2). In the presence of E(2), a concentration-dependent decrease in DNA synthesis was observed using [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation assay. In the absence of E(2), low concentrations (2.5-10 μM) of BE-3-3-3-3 increased [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation at 24 and 48 h. BE-3-3-3-3 induced the expression of early response genes, c-myc and c-fos, in the absence of E(2), but not in its presence, as determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). BE-3-3-3-3 had no significant effect on these genes in an ERα-negative cell line, MDA-MB-231. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated enhanced promoter occupation by either E(2) or BE-3-3-3-3 of an estrogen-responsive gene pS2/Tff1 by ERα and its co-activator, steroid receptor co-activator 3 (SRC-3). Confocal microscopy of BE-3-3-3-3-treated cells revealed membrane localization of ERα, similar to that induced by E(2). The failure of BE-3-3-3-3 to inhibit cell proliferation was associated with autophagic vacuole formation, and the induction of Beclin 1 and MAP LC3 II. These results indicate a differential effect of BE-3-3-3-3 on MCF-7 cells in the absence and presence of E(2), and suggest that pre-clinical and clinical development of polyamine analogues might require special precautions and selection of sensitive subpopulation of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Nayvelt
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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