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Ageeva T, Rizvanov A, Mukhamedshina Y. NF-κB and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways as Crucial Regulators of Neuroinflammation and Astrocyte Modulation in Spinal Cord Injury. Cells 2024; 13:581. [PMID: 38607020 PMCID: PMC11011519 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to significant functional impairments below the level of the injury, and astrocytes play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of SCI. Astrocytes undergo changes and form a glial scar after SCI, which has traditionally been viewed as a barrier to axonal regeneration and functional recovery. Astrocytes activate intracellular signaling pathways, including nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), in response to external stimuli. NF-κB and STAT3 are transcription factors that play a pivotal role in initiating gene expression related to astrogliosis. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is essential for managing secondary damage and facilitating recovery processes post-SCI: inflammation, glial scar formation, and astrocyte survival. NF-κB activation in astrocytes leads to the production of pro-inflammatory factors by astrocytes. NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways are interconnected: NF-κB activation in astrocytes leads to the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which interacts with the IL-6 receptor and initiates STAT3 activation. By modulating astrocyte responses, these pathways offer promising avenues for enhancing recovery outcomes, illustrating the crucial need for further investigation into their mechanisms and therapeutic applications in SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Ageeva
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana Mukhamedshina
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
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2
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Zhao R, Hu Z, Zhang X, Huang S, Yu G, Wu Z, Yu W, Lu J, Ruan B. The oncogenic mechanisms of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in digestive tract tumors. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:68. [PMID: 38273295 PMCID: PMC10809652 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract tumors are heterogeneous and involve the dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways. The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays a notable role in the oncogenesis of digestive tract tumors. Typically activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, it regulates important biological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immune responses, and inflammation. The aberrant activation of this pathway manifests in different forms, including mutations in JAKs, overexpression of cytokine receptors, and sustained STAT activation, and contributes to promoting the malignant characteristics of cancer cells, including uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, enhanced invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, acquisition of stem-like properties, and drug resistance. Numerous studies have shown that aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway is closely related to the development and progression of digestive tract tumors, contributing to tumor survival, angiogenesis, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and even immune escape processes. In addition, this signaling pathway also affects the sensitivity of digestive tract tumors to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the oncogenic mechanisms underlying the JAK-STAT pathway in order to develop effective therapeutic strategies against digestive tract tumors. Currently, several JAK-STAT inhibitors are undergoing clinical and preclinical trials as potential treatments for various human diseases. However, further investigation is required to determine the role of this pathway, as well as the effectiveness and safety of its inhibitors, especially in the context of digestive tract tumors. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure, classic activation, and negative regulation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Furthermore, we discuss the pathogenic mechanisms of JAK-STAT signaling in different digestive tract tumors, with the aim of identifying potential novel therapeutic targets. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Zhangmin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shujuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Guodong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Bing Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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Babu S, Nagarajan SK, Sathish S, Negi VS, Sohn H, Madhavan T. Identification of Potent and Selective JAK1 Lead Compounds Through Ligand-Based Drug Design Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837369. [PMID: 35529449 PMCID: PMC9068899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
JAK1 plays a significant role in the intracellular signaling by interacting with cytokine receptors in different types of cells and is linked to the pathogenesis of various cancers and in the pathology of the immune system. In this study, ligand-based pharmacophore modeling combined with virtual screening and molecular docking methods was incorporated to identify the potent and selective lead compounds for JAK1. Initially, the ligand-based pharmacophore models were generated using a set of 52 JAK1 inhibitors named C-2 methyl/hydroxyethyl imidazopyrrolopyridines derivatives. Twenty-seven pharmacophore models with five and six pharmacophore features were generated and validated using potency and selectivity validation methods. During potency validation, the Guner-Henry score was calculated to check the accuracy of the generated models, whereas in selectivity validation, the pharmacophore models that are capable of identifying selective JAK1 inhibitors were evaluated. Based on the validation results, the best pharmacophore models ADHRRR, DDHRRR, DDRRR, DPRRR, DHRRR, ADRRR, DDHRR, and ADPRR were selected and taken for virtual screening against the Maybridge, Asinex, Chemdiv, Enamine, Lifechemicals, and Zinc database to identify the new molecules with novel scaffold that can bind to JAK1. A total of 4,265 hits were identified from screening and checked for acceptable drug-like properties. A total of 2,856 hits were selected after ADME predictions and taken for Glide molecular docking to assess the accurate binding modes of the lead candidates. Ninety molecules were shortlisted based on binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important residues of JAK1. The docking results were authenticated by calculating binding free energy for protein–ligand complexes using the MM-GBSA calculation and induced fit docking methods. Subsequently, the cross-docking approach was carried out to recognize the selective JAK1 lead compounds. Finally, top five lead compounds that were potent and selective against JAK1 were selected and validated using molecular dynamics simulation. Besides, the density functional theory study was also carried out for the selected leads. Through various computational studies, we observed good potency and selectivity of these lead compounds when compared with the drug ruxolitinib. Compounds such as T5923555 and T5923531 were found to be the best and can be further validated using in vitro and in vivo methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Babu
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Santhosh Kumar Nagarajan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Sruthy Sathish
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Honglae Sohn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Carbon Materials, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
| | - Thirumurthy Madhavan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
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Murai Y, Jo U, Murai J, Fukuda S, Takebe N, Pommier Y. Schlafen 11 expression in human acute leukemia cells with gain-of-function mutations in the interferon-JAK signaling pathway. iScience 2021; 24:103173. [PMID: 34693224 PMCID: PMC8517841 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Schlafen11 (SLFN11) is referred to as interferon (IFN)-inducible. Based on cancer genomic databases, we identified human acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia cells with gain-of-function mutations in the Janus kinase (JAK) family as exhibiting high SLFN11 expression. In these cells, the clinical JAK inhibitors cerdulatinib, ruxolitinib, and tofacitinib reduced SLFN11 expression, but IFN did not further induce SLFN11 despite phosphorylated STAT1. We provide evidence that suppression of SLFN11 by JAK inhibitors is caused by inactivation of the non-canonical IFN pathway controlled by AKT and ERK. Accordingly, the AKT and ERK inhibitors MK-2206 and SCH77284 suppressed SLFN11 expression. Both also suppressed the E26 transformation-specific (ETS)-family genes ETS-1 and FLI-1 that act as transcription factors for SLFN11. Moreover, SLFN11 expression was inhibited by the ETS inhibitor TK216. Our study reveals that SLFN11 expression is regulated via the JAK, AKT and ERK, and ETS axis. Pharmacological suppression of SLFN11 warrants future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Murai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ukhyun Jo
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Junko Murai
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Deregulation of the Interleukin-7 Signaling Pathway in Lymphoid Malignancies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050443. [PMID: 34066732 PMCID: PMC8151260 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-7 (IL-7) and its receptor are critical for lymphoid cell development. The loss of IL-7 signaling causes severe combined immunodeficiency, whereas gain-of-function alterations in the pathway contribute to malignant transformation of lymphocytes. Binding of IL-7 to the IL-7 receptor results in the activation of the JAK-STAT, PI3K-AKT and Ras-MAPK pathways, each contributing to survival, cell cycle progression, proliferation and differentiation. Here, we discuss the role of deregulated IL-7 signaling in lymphoid malignancies of B- and T-cell origin. Especially in T-cell leukemia, more specifically in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, a high frequency of mutations in components of the IL-7 signaling pathway are found, including alterations in IL7R, IL2RG, JAK1, JAK3, STAT5B, PTPN2, PTPRC and DNM2 genes.
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6
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Wang TT, Yang J, Dighe S, Schmachtenberg MW, Leigh NT, Farber E, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Feith DJ, Ratan A, Loughran TP, Olson TL. Whole Genome Sequencing of Spontaneously Occurring Rat Natural Killer Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia Identifies JAK1 Somatic Activating Mutation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010126. [PMID: 31947841 PMCID: PMC7017127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia arises spontaneously in elderly Fischer (F344) rats. This rodent model has been shown to emulate many aspects of the natural killer (NK) variant of human LGL leukemia. Previous transplantation of leukemic material into young F344 rats resulted in several strains of rat NK (RNK) primary leukemic cells. One strain, RNK-16, was adapted into the RNK-16 cell line and established as an aggressive NK-LGL leukemia model. Whole genome sequencing of the RNK-16 cell line identified 255,838 locations where the RNK16 had an alternate allele that was different from F334, including a mutation in Jak1. Functional studies showed Jak1 Y1034C to be a somatic activating mutation that mediated increased STAT signaling, as assessed by phosphoprotein levels. Sanger sequencing of Jak1 in RNK-1, -3, -7, and -16 found only RNK-16 to harbor the Y1034C Jak1 mutation. In vivo studies revealed that rats engrafted with RNK-16 primary material developed leukemia more rapidly than those engrafted with RNK-1, -3, and -7. Additionally, ex vivo RNK-16 spleen cells from leukemic rats exhibited increased STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 phosphorylation compared to other RNK strains. Therefore, we report and characterize a novel gain-of-function Jak1 mutation in a spontaneous LGL leukemia model that results in increased downstream STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Tiffany Wang
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Shubha Dighe
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Matthew W. Schmachtenberg
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Nathan T. Leigh
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Emily Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.F.); (S.O.-G.); (A.R.)
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.F.); (S.O.-G.); (A.R.)
| | - David J. Feith
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Aakrosh Ratan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.F.); (S.O.-G.); (A.R.)
| | - Thomas P. Loughran
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
| | - Thomas L. Olson
- Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (T.T.W.); (J.Y.); (S.D.); (M.W.S.); (N.T.L.); (D.J.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(434)-243-8332
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JAK/STAT-Activating Genomic Alterations Are a Hallmark of T-PLL. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121833. [PMID: 31766351 PMCID: PMC6966610 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare and poor-prognostic mature T-cell leukemia. Recent studies detected genomic aberrations affecting JAK and STAT genes in T-PLL. Due to the limited number of primary patient samples available, genomic analyses of the JAK/STAT pathway have been performed in rather small cohorts. Therefore, we conducted—via a primary-data based pipeline—a meta-analysis that re-evaluated the genomic landscape of T-PLL. It included all available data sets with sequence information on JAK or STAT gene loci in 275 T-PLL. We eliminated overlapping cases and determined a cumulative rate of 62.1% of cases with mutated JAK or STAT genes. Most frequently, JAK1 (6.3%), JAK3 (36.4%), and STAT5B (18.8%) carried somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), with missense mutations in the SH2 or pseudokinase domains as most prevalent. Importantly, these lesions were predominantly subclonal. We did not detect any strong association between mutations of a JAK or STAT gene with clinical characteristics. Irrespective of the presence of gain-of-function (GOF) SNVs, basal phosphorylation of STAT5B was elevated in all analyzed T-PLL. Fittingly, a significant proportion of genes encoding for potential negative regulators of STAT5B showed genomic losses (in 71.4% of T-PLL in total, in 68.4% of T-PLL without any JAK or STAT mutations). They included DUSP4, CD45, TCPTP, SHP1, SOCS1, SOCS3, and HDAC9. Overall, considering such losses of negative regulators and the GOF mutations in JAK and STAT genes, a total of 89.8% of T-PLL revealed a genomic aberration potentially explaining enhanced STAT5B activity. In essence, we present a comprehensive meta-analysis on the highly prevalent genomic lesions that affect genes encoding JAK/STAT signaling components. This provides an overview of possible modes of activation of this pathway in a large cohort of T-PLL. In light of new advances in JAK/STAT inhibitor development, we also outline translational contexts for harnessing active JAK/STAT signaling, which has emerged as a ‘secondary’ hallmark of T-PLL.
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Morande PE, Sivina M, Uriepero A, Seija N, Berca C, Fresia P, Landoni AI, Di Noia JM, Burger JA, Oppezzo P. Ibrutinib therapy downregulates AID enzyme and proliferative fractions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2019; 133:2056-2068. [PMID: 30814061 PMCID: PMC7022232 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-876292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination of the immunoglobulin genes. As a trade-off for its physiological function, AID also contributes to tumor development through its mutagenic activity. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), AID is overexpressed in the proliferative fractions (PFs) of the malignant B lymphocytes, and its anomalous expression has been associated with a clinical poor outcome. Recent preclinical data suggested that ibrutinib and idelalisib, 2 clinically approved kinase inhibitors, increase AID expression and genomic instability in normal and neoplastic B cells. These results raise concerns about a potential mutagenic risk in patients receiving long-term therapy. To corroborate these findings in the clinical setting, we analyzed AID expression and PFs in a CLL cohort before and during ibrutinib treatment. We found that ibrutinib decreases the CLL PFs and, interestingly, also reduces AID expression, which correlates with dampened AKT and Janus Kinase 1 signaling. Moreover, although ibrutinib increases AID expression in a CLL cell line, it is unable to do so in primary CLL samples. Our results uncover a differential response to ibrutinib between cell lines and the CLL clone and imply that ibrutinib could differ from idelalisib in their potential to induce AID in treated patients. Possible reasons for the discrepancy between preclinical and clinical findings, and their effect on treatment safety, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Elías Morande
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariela Sivina
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Angimar Uriepero
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Noé Seija
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Catalina Berca
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Fresia
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Inés Landoni
- Hospital Maciel, Administración de los Servicios de Salud del Estado, Ministerio de Salud, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Division of Immunity and Viral Infections, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; and
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Pablo Oppezzo
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Speirs C, Williams JJL, Riches K, Salt IP, Palmer TM. Linking energy sensing to suppression of JAK-STAT signalling: A potential route for repurposing AMPK activators? Pharmacol Res 2017; 128:88-100. [PMID: 29037480 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exaggerated Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling is key to the pathogenesis of pro-inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. Mutational activation of JAKs is also responsible for several haematological malignancies, including myeloproliferative neoplasms and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Accumulating evidence links adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor and regulator of organismal and cellular metabolism, with the suppression of immune and inflammatory processes. Recent studies have shown that activation of AMPK can limit JAK-STAT-dependent signalling pathways via several mechanisms. These novel findings support AMPK activation as a strategy for management of an array of disorders characterised by hyper-activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. This review discusses the pivotal role of JAK-STAT signalling in a range of disorders and how both established clinically used and novel AMPK activators might be used to treat these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Speirs
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jamie J L Williams
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Kirsten Riches
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Ian P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK.
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Analysis of somatic microsatellite indels identifies driver events in human tumors. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:951-959. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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11
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Patel M, Ikeda S, Pilat SR, Kurzrock R. JAK1 Genomic Alteration Associated With Exceptional Response to Siltuximab in Cutaneous Castleman Disease. JAMA Dermatol 2017; 153:449-452. [PMID: 28241173 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.5554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Importance Castleman disease (CD) is an ultrarare, interleukin-6 (IL-6)-driven lymphoproliferative disorder whose underlying molecular alterations are unknown. Siltuximab (anti-IL-6 antibody) is approved for treatment of this disease. To our knowledge, genomic sequencing of CD has not been reported. Objective To investigate and identify molecular aberration(s) that help explain the exceptional response to siltuximab in a patient with cutaneous CD. Design, Setting, and Participants This case study examines data from comprehensive genomic profiling (using targeted next-generation sequencing) of tissue from a patient with cutaneous CD who demonstrated an exceptional response to siltuximab treated at a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. Interventions Intravenous siltuximab 12 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Tissue from the patient was interrogated by next-generation sequencing (405 genes). Serum was evaluated for IL-6 levels by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Main Outcomes and Measures Identification of pretreatment serum IL-6 levels and somatic variants that may explain the exceptional response to siltuximab in this patient with cutaneous CD. Results Patient pretreatment serum IL-6 levels were normal. Treatment with siltuximab resulted in a complete response lasting 7 years. Next-generation sequencing demonstrated a JAK1V310I missense mutation. Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) is a crucial signaling component of the IL-6/IL-6 receptor/gp130 machinery. JAK1V310I may induce a conformation change with functional activation effect leading to enhanced sensitivity to the IL-6 ligand. Conclusions and Relevance Our observations suggest that a JAK1 alteration may explain the underlying biology of a patient's cutaneous CD, as well as the patient's exceptional response to siltuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maulik Patel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Sadakatsu Ikeda
- Cancer Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susan R Pilat
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla
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Arulogun SO, Choong HL, Taylor D, Ambrosoli P, Magor G, Irving IM, Keng TB, Perkins AC. JAK1 somatic mutation in a myeloproliferative neoplasm. Haematologica 2017; 102:e324-e327. [PMID: 28550193 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.170266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Graham Magor
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ian M Irving
- Townsville Hospital, South Brisbane, Australia.,ICON Cancer Care, South Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Andrew C Perkins
- Mater Pathology, South Brisbane, Australia .,Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia.,ICON Cancer Care, South Brisbane, Australia
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13
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Li Q, Li B, Hu L, Ning H, Jiang M, Wang D, Liu T, Zhang B, Chen H. Identification of a novel functional JAK1 S646P mutation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:34687-34697. [PMID: 28410228 PMCID: PMC5471003 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is approaching 90%, while the prognosis of adults remains poor due to the limited therapeutic approaches. In order to identify new targets for ALL, we performed whole-exome sequencing on four adults with B-ALL and discovered a somatic JAK1 S646P mutation. Sanger sequencing of JAK1 was conducted on 53 ALL patients, and two cases exhibited A639G and P960S mutations separately. Functional studies demonstrated that only JAK1 S646P mutation could activate multiple signaling pathways, drive cytokine-independent cell growth, and promote proliferation of malignant cells in nude mice. Moreover, a high sensitivity to the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib was observed in S646P mutant model. Exploration in a total of 209 ALL cases showed that JAK1 mutations occur at a frequency of 10.5% in T-ALL (2/19) and 1.6% in B-ALL (3/190). Collectively, our results suggested that JAK1 S646P is an activating mutation in vitro and in vivo. JAK-STAT pathway might represent a promising therapeutic target for ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Botao Li
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liangding Hu
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Ning
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Danhong Wang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Kiss R, Bajusz D, Baskin R, Tóth K, Monostory K, Sayeski PP, Keserű GM. Identification of 8-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives Active Against Somatic V658F Mutant JAK1-Dependent Cells. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:925-933. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Kiss
- MTA-TTK-NAP B - Drug Discovery Research Group - Neurodegenerative Diseases; Research Center for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Dávid Bajusz
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Rebekah Baskin
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Katalin Tóth
- Metabolic Drug Interactions Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Katalin Monostory
- Metabolic Drug Interactions Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Peter P. Sayeski
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville FL USA
| | - György M. Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
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15
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MEK and PI3K-AKT inhibitors synergistically block activated IL7 receptor signaling in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1832-43. [PMID: 27174491 PMCID: PMC5240021 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We identified mutations in the IL7Ra gene or in genes encoding the downstream signaling molecules JAK1, JAK3, STAT5B, N-RAS, K-RAS, NF1, AKT and PTEN in 49% of patients with pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Strikingly, these mutations (except RAS/NF1) were mutually exclusive, suggesting that they each cause the aberrant activation of a common downstream target. Expressing these mutant signaling molecules—but not their wild-type counterparts—rendered Ba/F3 cells independent of IL3 by activating the RAS-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT pathways. Interestingly, cells expressing either IL7Ra or JAK mutants are sensitive to JAK inhibitors, but respond less robustly to inhibitors of the downstream RAS-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways, indicating that inhibiting only one downstream pathway is not sufficient. Here, we show that inhibiting both the MEK and PI3K-AKT pathways synergistically prevents the proliferation of BaF3 cells expressing mutant IL7Ra, JAK and RAS. Furthermore, combined inhibition of MEK and PI3K/AKT was cytotoxic to samples obtained from 6 out of 11 primary T-ALL patients, including 1 patient who had no mutations in the IL7R signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that the potent cytotoxic effects of inhibiting both MEK and PI3K/AKT should be investigated further as a therapeutic option using leukemia xenograft models.
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Losdyck E, Hornakova T, Springuel L, Degryse S, Gielen O, Cools J, Constantinescu SN, Flex E, Tartaglia M, Renauld JC, Knoops L. Distinct Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)-associated Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) Mutants Exhibit Different Cytokine-Receptor Requirements and JAK Inhibitor Specificities. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:29022-34. [PMID: 26446793 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.670224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
JAK1 and JAK3 are recurrently mutated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These tyrosine kinases associate with heterodimeric cytokine receptors such as IL-7 receptor or IL-9 receptor, in which JAK1 is appended to the specific chain, and JAK3 is appended to the common gamma chain. Here, we studied the role of these receptor complexes in mediating the oncogenic activity of JAK3 mutants. Although JAK3(V674A) and the majority of other JAK3 mutants needed to bind to a functional cytokine receptor complex to constitutively activate STAT5, JAK3(L857P) was unexpectedly found to not depend on such receptor complexes for its activity, which was induced without receptor or JAK1 co-expression. Introducing a mutation in the FERM domain that abolished JAK-receptor interaction did not affect JAK3(L857P) activity, whereas it inhibited the other receptor-dependent mutants. The same cytokine receptor independence as for JAK3(L857P) was observed for homologous Leu(857) mutations of JAK1 and JAK2 and for JAK3(L875H). This different cytokine receptor requirement correlated with different functional properties in vivo and with distinct sensitivity to JAK inhibitors. Transduction of murine hematopoietic cells with JAK3(V674A) led homogenously to lymphoblastic leukemias in BALB/c mice. In contrast, transduction with JAK3(L857P) induced various types of lymphoid and myeloid leukemias. Moreover, ruxolitinib, which preferentially blocks JAK1 and JAK2, abolished the proliferation of cells transformed by the receptor-dependent JAK3(V674A), yet proved much less potent on cells expressing JAK3(L857P). These particular cells were, in contrast, more sensitive to JAK3-specific inhibitors. Altogether, our results showed that different JAK3 mutations induce constitutive activation through distinct mechanisms, pointing to specific therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Losdyck
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tekla Hornakova
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorraine Springuel
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Degryse
- the VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, the K.U. Leuven Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Gielen
- the VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, the K.U. Leuven Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- the VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, the K.U. Leuven Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- the Genetic Disorders and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu' IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Knoops
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and the de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium, the Hematology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium, and
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17
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Springuel L, Renauld JC, Knoops L. JAK kinase targeting in hematologic malignancies: a sinuous pathway from identification of genetic alterations towards clinical indications. Haematologica 2015; 100:1240-53. [PMID: 26432382 PMCID: PMC4591756 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.132142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive JAK-STAT pathway activation occurs in most myeloproliferative neoplasms as well as in a significant proportion of other hematologic malignancies, and is frequently a marker of poor prognosis. The underlying molecular alterations are heterogeneous as they include activating mutations in distinct components (cytokine receptor, JAK, STAT), overexpression (cytokine receptor, JAK) or rare JAK2 fusion proteins. In some cases, concomitant loss of negative regulators contributes to pathogenesis by further boosting the activation of the cascade. Exploiting the signaling bottleneck provided by the limited number of JAK kinases is an attractive therapeutic strategy for hematologic neoplasms driven by constitutive JAK-STAT pathway activation. However, given the conserved nature of the kinase domain among family members and the interrelated roles of JAK kinases in many physiological processes, including hematopoiesis and immunity, broad usage of JAK inhibitors in hematology is challenged by their narrow therapeutic window. Novel therapies are, therefore, needed. The development of more selective inhibitors is a questionable strategy as such inhibitors might abrogate the beneficial contribution of alleviating the cancer-related pro-inflammatory microenvironment and raise selective pressure to a threshold that allows the emergence of malignant subclones harboring drug-resistant mutations. In contrast, synergistic combinations of JAK inhibitors with drugs targeting cascades that work in concert with JAK-STAT pathway appear to be promising therapeutic alternatives to JAK inhibitors as monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Springuel
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Knoops
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium Hematology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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18
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JAK1 truncating mutations in gynecologic cancer define new role of cancer-associated protein tyrosine kinase aberrations. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3042. [PMID: 24154688 PMCID: PMC3807107 DOI: 10.1038/srep03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) mutations usually are gain-of-function (GOF) mutations that drive tumor growth and metastasis. We have found 50 JAK1 truncating mutations in 36 of 635 gynecologic tumors in the Total Cancer Care® (TCC®) tumor bank. Among cancer cell lines containing JAK1 truncating mutations in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia databank, 68% are gynecologic cancer cells. Within JAK1 the K142, P430, and K860 frame-shift mutations were identified as hot spot mutation sites. Sanger sequencing of cancer cell lines, primary tumors, and matched normal tissues confirmed the JAK1 mutations and showed that these mutations are somatic. JAK1 mediates interferon (IFN)-γ-regulated tumor immune surveillance. Functional assays show that JAK1 deficient cancer cells are defective in IFN-γ-induced LMP2 and TAP1 expression, loss of which inhibits presentation of tumor antigens. These findings identify recurrent JAK1 truncating mutations that could contribute to tumor immune evasion in gynecologic cancers, especially in endometrial cancer.
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Corbi FC, de Oliveira MB, Morelli VM, Han SW, Renauld JC, Knoops L, Colleoni GWB. Activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in multiple myeloma is not related to point mutations in kinase and pseudokinase domains of JAK1. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1176-80. [PMID: 23885837 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.828352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Considering the recent impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders carrying a recurrent JAK2 mutation not identified in multiple myeloma (MM), this study aimed to search for mutations in kinase and pseudokinase domains of the JAK1 gene in an attempt to define any critical and recurring change that can be used as a therapeutic target. We obtained CD138 + purified cells from 27 bone marrow aspirates of untreated MM, four normal controls and four MM cell lines. After amplification of kinase and pseudokinase domains of JAK1 in cDNA samples, the fragments were automatically sequenced. Seventy-eight percent of MM cases showed at least one polymorphism, all being synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with allele frequencies consistent with previous studies in normal European, African American and Asian populations. The four cell lines also showed only synonymous SNPs. Mutations in the kinase and pseudokinase domains of the JAK1 gene do not seem to be important for activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway because we were not able to find any recurrent mutation in a case series of 27 patients and four MM cell lines.
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Wan S, Coveney PV. Regulation of JAK2 activation by Janus homology 2: evidence from molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:2992-3000. [PMID: 23033920 DOI: 10.1021/ci300308g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a protein tyrosine kinase implicated in signaling by specific members of the cytokine receptor family. Although it has been established that the JAK2 tyrosine kinase is negatively regulated by the JAK homology 2 (JH2) pseudokinase domain, the underlying mechanism of JH2 mediated regulation remains elusive. To elucidate the regulation of JAK2 kinase, we have built a structural model for the kinase and pseudokinase domains of JAK2. An asymmetric dimer is proposed, in which the kinase domain JH1 occupies a position where it could not be activated. We investigate the dynamic and energetic properties of the dimer by molecular dynamics simulation. JAK2 activation requires the two domains to be dissociated and rearranged in a form such that the JH1 kinase domain can adopt an active conformation. The significance of the above mechanism is emphasized by the finding that the activating V617F mutation destabilizes JH1-JH2 association in the proposed asymmetric dimer. Thus abrogation of the domain-domain interaction seems to be a possible first step for the structural rearrangement of the two domains, resulting in constitutive activation of JAK2 by the V617F mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunzhou Wan
- Centre for Computational Science, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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Mutations in the transmembrane and juxtamembrane domains enhance IL27R transforming activity. Biochem J 2011; 438:155-64. [PMID: 21631431 DOI: 10.1042/bj20110351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines and their receptors regulate haemopoiesis by controlling cellular growth, survival and differentiation. Thus it is not surprising that mutations of cytokine receptors contribute to the formation of haemopoietic disorders, including cancer. We recently identified transforming properties of IL27R, the ligand-binding component of the receptor for interleukin-27. Although wild-type IL27R exhibits transforming properties in haemopoietic cells, in the present study we set out to determine if the transforming activity of IL27R could be enhanced by mutation. We identified three mutations of IL27R that enhance its transforming activity. One of these mutations is a phenylalanine to cysteine mutation at residue 523 (F523C) in the transmembrane domain of the receptor. The two other mutations identified involve deletions of amino acids in the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane region of the receptor. Expression of each of these mutant IL27R proteins led to rapid cytokine-independent transformation in haemopoietic cells. Moreover, the rate of transformation induced by these mutants was significantly greater than that induced by wild-type IL27R. Expression of these IL27R mutants also induced enhanced activation of JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signalling compared with wild-type. An activating deletion mutation of IL27R enhanced homodimerization of the receptor by a mechanism that may involve disulfide bonding. These transforming IL27R mutants displayed equal or greater transforming activity than bona fide haemopoietic oncogenes such as BCR-ABL (breakpoint cluster region-Abelson murine leukaemia viral oncogene homologue) and JAK2-V617F. Since IL27R is expressed on haemopoietic stem cells, lymphoid cells and myeloid cells, including acute myeloid leukaemia blast cells, mutation of this receptor has the potential to contribute to a variety of haemopoietic neoplasms.
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