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Ma X, Li M, Liu Y, Zhang X, Yang X, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang J, Liu X, Yan Z, Yu X, Wu C. ARTC1-mediated VAPB ADP-ribosylation regulates calcium homeostasis. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad043. [PMID: 37381178 PMCID: PMC10928986 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) is a post-translational modification that regulates a variety of biological processes, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation, metabolism, and stress and immune responses. In mammals, MARylation is mainly catalyzed by ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs), which consist of two groups: ART cholera toxin-like (ARTCs) and ART diphtheria toxin-like (ARTDs, also known as PARPs). The human ARTC (hARTC) family is composed of four members: two active mono-ADP-ARTs (hARTC1 and hARTC5) and two enzymatically inactive enzymes (hARTC3 and hARTC4). In this study, we systematically examined the homology, expression, and localization pattern of the hARTC family, with a particular focus on hARTC1. Our results showed that hARTC3 interacted with hARTC1 and promoted the enzymatic activity of hARTC1 by stabilizing hARTC1. We also identified vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB) as a new target of hARTC1 and pinpointed Arg50 of VAPB as the ADP-ribosylation site. Furthermore, we demonstrated that knockdown of hARTC1 impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis, highlighting the functional importance of hARTC1-mediated VAPB Arg50 ADP-ribosylation in regulating calcium homeostasis. In summary, our study identified a new target of hARTC1 in the endoplasmic reticulum and suggested that ARTC1 plays a role in regulating calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xuefang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yipeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiayue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Tan A, Doig CL. NAD + Degrading Enzymes, Evidence for Roles During Infection. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697359. [PMID: 34485381 PMCID: PMC8415550 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Declines in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) contribute to metabolic dysfunction, increase susceptibility to disease, and occur as a result of pathogenic infection. The enzymatic cleavage of NAD+ transfers ADP-ribose (ADPr) to substrate proteins generating mono-ADP-ribose (MAR), poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) or O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (OAADPr). These important post-translational modifications have roles in both immune response activation and the advancement of infection. In particular, emergent data show viral infection stimulates activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) mediated NAD+ depletion and stimulates hydrolysis of existing ADP-ribosylation modifications. These studies are important for us to better understand the value of NAD+ maintenance upon the biology of infection. This review focuses specifically upon the NAD+ utilising enzymes, discusses existing knowledge surrounding their roles in infection, their NAD+ depletion capability and their influence within pathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Tan
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Centre, Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Craig L Doig
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Centre, Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Di Girolamo M, Fabrizio G. Overview of the mammalian ADP-ribosyl-transferases clostridia toxin-like (ARTCs) family. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 167:86-96. [PMID: 31283932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational protein modification that modulates the function of proteins involved in different cellular processes, including signal transduction, protein transport, transcription, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair and apoptosis. In mammals, mono-ADP-ribosylation is mainly catalyzed by members of two different classes of enzymes: ARTCs and ARTDs. The human ARTC family is composed of four structurally related ecto-mono-ARTs, expressed at the cell surface or secreted into the extracellular compartment that are either active mono-ARTs (hARTC1, hARTC5) or inactive proteins (hARTC3, hARTC4). The human ARTD enzyme family consists of 17 multidomain proteins that can be divided on the basis of their catalytic activity into polymerases (ARTD1-6), mono-ART (ARTD7-17), and the inactive ARTD13. In recent years, ADP-ribosylation was intensively studied, and research was dominated by studies focusing on the role of this modification and its implication on various cellular processes. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the ARTC enzymes. In the following sections, we will report the mono-ADP-ribosylation reactions that are catalysed by the active ARTC enzymes, with a particular focus on hARTC1 that recently has been intensively studied with the discovery of new targets and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Girolamo
- SoL&Pharma s.r.l. Biotechnology Research, Registered Office, Via Brasile 13, 66030 Mozzagrogna, CH, Italy.
| | - Gaia Fabrizio
- SoL&Pharma s.r.l. Biotechnology Research, Registered Office, Via Brasile 13, 66030 Mozzagrogna, CH, Italy
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Stevens LA, Moss J. Mono-ADP-Ribosylation Catalyzed by Arginine-Specific ADP-Ribosyltransferases. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1813:149-165. [PMID: 30097866 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8588-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Methods are described for determination of arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of purified proteins and intact cells by monitoring the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD+ to a model substrate, e.g., arginine, agmatine, and peptide (human neutrophil peptide-1 [HNP1]), and for the nonenzymatic hydrolysis of ADP-ribose-arginine to ornithine, a noncoded amino acid. In addition, preparation of purified ADP-ribosylarginine is included as a control substrate for ADP-ribosylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Stevens
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Ishiwata-Endo H, Kato J, Tonouchi A, Chung YW, Sun J, Stevens LA, Zhu J, Aponte AM, Springer DA, San H, Takeda K, Yu ZX, Hoffmann V, Murphy E, Moss J. Role of a TRIM72 ADP-ribosylation cycle in myocardial injury and membrane repair. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97898. [PMID: 30429362 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono-ADP-ribosylation of an (arginine) protein catalyzed by ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 (ART1) - i.e., transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD to arginine - is reversed by ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase 1 (ARH1) cleavage of the ADP-ribose-arginine bond. ARH1-deficient mice developed cardiomyopathy with myocardial fibrosis, decreased myocardial function under dobutamine stress, and increased susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. The membrane repair protein TRIM72 was identified as a substrate for ART1 and ARH1; ADP-ribosylated TRIM72 levels were greater in ARH1-deficient mice following ischemia/reperfusion injury. To understand better the role of TRIM72 and ADP-ribosylation, we used C2C12 myocytes. ARH1 knockdown in C2C12 myocytes increased ADP-ribosylation of TRIM72 and delayed wound healing in a scratch assay. Mutant TRIM72 (R207K, R260K) that is not ADP-ribosylated interfered with assembly of TRIM72 repair complexes at a site of laser-induced injury. The regulatory enzymes ART1 and ARH1 and their substrate TRIM72 were found in multiple complexes, which were coimmunoprecipitated from mouse heart lysates. In addition, the mono-ADP-ribosylation inhibitors vitamin K1 and novobiocin inhibited oligomerization of TRIM72, the mechanism by which TRIM72 is recruited to the site of injury. We propose that a mono-ADP-ribosylation cycle involving recruitment of TRIM72 and other regulatory factors to sites of membrane damage is critical for membrane repair and wound healing following myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong San
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, and
| | - Kazuyo Takeda
- Pathology Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- Pathology Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Diagnostic and Research Service Branch, Division of Veterinary Resources, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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6
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Ling F, Tang Y, Li M, Li QS, Li X, Yang L, Zhao W, Jin CC, Zeng Z, Liu C, Wu CF, Chen WW, Lin X, Wang YL, Threadgill MD. Mono-ADP-ribosylation of histone 3 at arginine-117 promotes proliferation through its interaction with P300. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72773-72787. [PMID: 29069825 PMCID: PMC5641168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Relatively little attention has been paid to ADP-ribosylated modifications of histones, especially to mono-ADP-ribosylation. As an increasing number of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases have been identified in recent studies, the functions of mono-ADP-ribosylated proteins have aroused research interest. In particular, histones are substrates of some mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases and mono-ADP-ribosylated histone have been detected in physiological or pathological processes. In this research, arginine-117 (Arg-117; R-117) of hsitone3(H3) is identified as the a site of mono-ADP-ribosylation in colon carcinoma(the first such site to be identified); this posttranslational modification may promote the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Using a point-mutant lentivirus transfection and using an activator of P300 allowed us to observe the mono-ADP-ribosylation at H3R117 and enhancement of the activity of P300 to up-regulate the level of acetylated β-catenin, which could increase the expression of c-myc and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ling
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Shu Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong-Cong Jin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Fang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Song GL, Jin CC, Zhao W, Tang Y, Wang YL, Li M, Xiao M, Li X, Li QS, Lin X, Chen WW, Kuang J. Regulation of the RhoA/ROCK/AKT/β-catenin pathway by arginine-specific ADP-ribosytransferases 1 promotes migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:646-56. [PMID: 27277835 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine-specific ADP-ribosytransferases 1 (ART1) is able to modify the arginine of specific proteins by mono-ADP-ribosylation. We previously reported that the expression of ART1 in human colon adenocarcinoma tissues was higher than in adjacent tissues. Herein, we primarily revealed that ART1 could regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and, therefore, the development of colon carcinoma. In CT26 cells, which overexpressed ART1 by lentiviral transfection, the following were promoted: alterations of spindle-like non-polarization, expression of EMT inducers and mesenchymal markers, migration, invasion and adhesion. However, epithelial marker expression was decreased. Correspondingly, knockdown of ART1 in CT26 cells had the opposite effects. The effect of ART1 on EMT and carcinoma metastasis was also verified in a liver metastasis model of BALB/c mice. To further explore the molecular mechanism of ART1 in EMT, CT26 cells were treated with several specific inhibitors and gene silencing. Our data suggest that ART1 could regulate EMT by regulating the RhoA/ROCK1/AKT/β-catenin pathway and its downstream factors (snail1, vimentin, N-cadherin and E-cadherin) and that it therefore plays an important role in the progression of colon carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lin Song
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Cong-Cong Jin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Lan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Shu Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Kuang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Li Z, Yan X, Sun Y, Yang X. Expression of ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Glioma Patients. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2016; 239:269-78. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.239.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang
| | - Xinling Yan
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang
| | - Yuyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang
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Tang Y, Li M, Wang YL, Threadgill MD, Xiao M, Mou CF, Song GL, Kuang J, Yang X, Yang L, Gao XJ, Wang YP, Meng YP. ART1 promotes starvation-induced autophagy: a possible protective role in the development of colon carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:498-513. [PMID: 25973293 PMCID: PMC4396040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a protective role in colorectal carcinoma. Arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 (ART1) is an important mono-ADP-ribose transferase, which has been shown to play a role in biological processes such as proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Interestingly, the role of ART1 in the regulation of autophagy is still not clear. We examined effects of overexpression or knockdown of ART1 by lentiviral transfection on starvation-induced autophagy of colon carcinoma CT26 cell lines in vivo and in vitro. The formation of autophagosome was detected by electron microscopy, acridine orange staining and expression of LC3 B. The molecular contributions of ART1 in regulation of autophagy were detected by western blotting or by co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, inhibitors were used to study further the signaling pathway of ART1 in the regulation of autophagy. CCK8 assay, plate cloning assay, soft agar assay, examination of subcutaneous transplanted carcinoma in BALB/c mice, flow cytometry and Hoechst33342 staining were used to assess survival and apoptotic ability when starvation-induced autophagy modulated by ART1 was inhibited by 3-MA. Overexpression of ART1 promoted starvation-induced autophagy, which related to increases in the expression of Rac1, NF-κB, PARP-1, LKB1 and p-AMPK and a decrease in the expression of p-P70S6K. Correspondingly, knockdown of ART1 caused the opposite effects. ART1 also interacted with integrin α7. Additionally, changes of protein expressions were further validated following inhibition of Rac1 and PARP-1 in the starvation-induced ART1-GFP CT26 cells. Inhibition of ART1-stimulated starvation-induced autophagy restrained the growth and promoted apoptosis. ART1 is thus relevant in starvation-induced autophagy in colorectal carcinoma and may play essential roles in therapeutic anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | | | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Chun-Feng Mou
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Guang-Lin Song
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Jing Kuang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xing-Jie Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Meng
- Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
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Structure and function of the ARH family of ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases. DNA Repair (Amst) 2014; 23:88-94. [PMID: 24746921 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational protein modification, in which ADP-ribose is transferred from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) to specific acceptors, thereby altering their activities. The ADP-ribose transfer reactions are divided into mono- and poly-(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Cellular ADP-ribosylation levels are tightly regulated by enzymes that transfer ADP-ribose to acceptor proteins (e.g., ADP-ribosyltransferases, poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP)) and those that cleave the linkage between ADP-ribose and acceptor (e.g., ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases (ARH), poly-(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolases (PARG)), thereby constituting an ADP-ribosylation cycle. This review summarizes current findings related to the ARH family of proteins. This family comprises three members (ARH1-3) with similar size (39kDa) and amino acid sequence. ARH1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of mono-(ADP-ribosyl)ated arginine. ARH3 hydrolyzes poly-(ADP-ribose) (PAR) and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. The different substrate specificities of ARH1 and ARH3 contribute to their unique roles in the cell. Based on a phenotype analysis of ARH1(-/-) and ARH3(-/-) mice, ARH1 is involved in the action by bacterial toxins as well as in tumorigenesis. ARH3 participates in the degradation of PAR that is synthesized by PARP1 in response to oxidative stress-induced DNA damage; this hydrolytic reaction suppresses PAR-mediated cell death, a pathway termed parthanatos.
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Korotkova N, Hoff JS, Becker DM, Quinn JKH, Icenogle LM, Moseley SL. SpyA is a membrane-bound ADP-ribosyltransferase of Streptococcus pyogenes which modifies a streptococcal peptide, SpyB. Mol Microbiol 2012; 83:936-52. [PMID: 22288436 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.07979.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
All sequenced genomes of Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, GAS) encode a protein, SpyA, with homology to C3-like ADP-ribosyltransferase toxins. SpyA is a novel virulence factor which plays a role in pathogenesis in a mouse model of soft-tissue infection. In this study we demonstrate that SpyA is a surface-exposed membrane protein which is anchored to the streptococcal membrane by an N-terminal transmembrane sequence. We identified a small gene upstream of spyA, designated spyB, which encodes a peptide of 35 amino acids, and is co-transcribed with spyA. Expression of spyBA is strongly influenced by translational coupling: mutational inactivation of spyB translation completely abolishes translation of spyA. spyB expression increases with increasing cell density and reaches its maximum at late exponential growth phase. The SpyB N-terminus is predicted to fold into an amphipathic α-helix, a structural motif that targets a protein to the cytoplasmic membrane. Consistent with the prediction, we found that a SpyB fusion with peptide affinity tags is located in the streptococcal membrane. An ADP-ribosylation assay with recombinant SpyA demonstrated that SpyA modifies SpyB. Thus, our study suggests that ADP-ribosylation of SpyB may be an important function of SpyA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Korotkova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, USA.
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Abstract
ADP-ribosylation using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important type of enzymatic reaction that affects many biological processes. A brief introductory review is given here to various ADP-ribosyltransferases, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs), mono(ADP-ribosyl)-transferases (ARTs), NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases (sirtuins), tRNA 2'-phosphotransferases, and ADP-ribosyl cyclases (CD38 and CD157). Focus is given to the enzymatic reactions, mechanisms, structures, and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hening Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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13
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Zolkiewska A. Ecto-ADP-ribose transferases: cell-surface response to local tissue injury. Physiology (Bethesda) 2006; 20:374-81. [PMID: 16287986 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00028.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-ADP-ribose transferases (ecto-ARTs) catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD(+) to arginine residues in cell-surface proteins. Since the concentration of extracellular NAD(+) is very low under normal physiological conditions but rises significantly upon tissue injury or membrane stress, it is postulated that the main role of ecto-ARTs is to ADP-ribosylate and regulate the function of certain membrane receptors in response to elevated levels of NAD(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zolkiewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.
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Di Girolamo M, Dani N, Stilla A, Corda D. Physiological relevance of the endogenous mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of cellular proteins. FEBS J 2005; 272:4565-75. [PMID: 16156779 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction is a post-translational modification that is catalysed by both bacterial toxins and eukaryotic enzymes, and that results in the transfer of ADP-ribose from betaNAD+ to various acceptor proteins. In mammals, both intracellular and extracellular reactions have been described; the latter are due to glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored or secreted enzymes that are able to modify their targets, which include the purinergic receptor P2X7, the defensins and the integrins. Intracellular mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation modifies proteins that have roles in cell signalling and metabolism, such as the chaperone GRP78/BiP, the beta-subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins and glutamate dehydrogenase. The molecular identification of the intracellular enzymes, however, is still missing. A better molecular understanding of this reaction will help in the full definition of its role in cell physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Girolamo
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy.
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Terashima M, Osago H, Hara N, Tanigawa Y, Shimoyama M, Tsuchiya M. Purification, characterization and molecular cloning of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored arginine-specific ADP-ribosyltransferases from chicken. Biochem J 2005; 389:853-61. [PMID: 15842200 PMCID: PMC1180736 DOI: 10.1042/bj20042019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Revised: 04/18/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification that regulates the functions of target proteins or peptides by attaching an ADP-ribose moiety. Here we report the purification, molecular cloning, characterization and tissue-specific distribution of novel arginine-specific Arts (ADP-ribosyltransferases) from chicken. Arts were detected in various chicken tissues as GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-anchored forms, and purified from the lung membrane fraction. By molecular cloning based on the partial amino acid sequence using 5'- and 3'-RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends), two full-length cDNAs of chicken GPI-anchored Arts, cgArt1 (chicken GPI-anchored Art1) and cgArt2, were obtained. The cDNA of cgArt1 encoded a novel polypeptide of 298 amino acids which shows a high degree of identity with cgArt2 (82.9%), Art6.1 (50.2%) and rabbit Art1 (42.1%). In contrast, the nucleotide sequence of cgArt2 was identical with that of Art7 cloned previously from chicken erythroblasts. cgArt1 and cgArt2 proteins expressed in DT40 cells were shown to be GPI-anchored Arts with a molecular mass of 45 kDa, and these Arts showed different enzymatic properties from the soluble chicken Art, Art6.1. RNase protection assays and real-time quantitative PCR revealed distinct expression patterns of the two Arts; cgArt1 was expressed predominantly in the lung, spleen and bone marrow, followed by the heart, kidney and muscle, while cgArt2 was expressed only in the heart and skeletal muscle. Thus GPI-anchored Arts encoded by the genes cgArt1 and cgArt2 are expressed extensively in chicken tissues. It may be worthwhile determining the functional roles of ADP-ribosylation in each tissue.
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Key Words
- adp-ribosyltransferase
- dt40 cell
- glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchor
- nad+
- ap, adapter primer
- art, adp-ribosyltransferase
- cgart, chicken glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored art
- cona, concanavalin a
- dtt, dithiothreitol
- fam, 6-carboxyfluorescein
- gapdh, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- gpi, glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- mgb, minor groove binding
- pha, phytohaemagglutinin
- pi-plc, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c
- race, rapid amplification of cdna ends
- rpa, rnase protection assay
- rt-pcr, reverse transcription–pcr
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Terashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
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Yau L, Zahradka P. ADP-Ribosylation and the Cardiovascular System. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0453-5_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Koch-Nolte F, Reche P, Haag F, Bazan F. ADP-ribosyltransferases: plastic tools for inactivating protein and small molecular weight targets. J Biotechnol 2001; 92:81-7. [PMID: 11640979 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(01)00356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ADP-ribosyltransferases (ADPRTs) form an interesting class of enzymes with well-established roles as potent bacterial toxins and metabolic regulators. ADPRTs catalyze the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD(+) onto specific substrates including proteins. ADP-ribosylation usually inactivates the function of the target. ADPRTs have become adapted to function in extra- and intracellular settings. Regulation of ADPRT activity can be mediated by ligand binding to associated regulatory domains, proteolytic cleavage, disulphide bond reduction, and association with other proteins. Crystallisation has revealed a conserved core set of elements that define an unusual minimal scaffold of the catalytic domain with remarkably plastic sequence requirements--only a single glutamic acid residue critical to catalytic activity is invariant. These inherent properties of ADPRTs suggest that the ADPRT catalytic fold is an attractive, malleable subject for protein design.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Koch-Nolte
- Institute for Immunology, University-Hospital, D20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Saxty BA, Yadollahi-Farsani M, Upton PD, Johnstone SR, MacDermot J. Inactivation of platelet-derived growth factor-BB following modification by ADP-ribosyltransferase. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 133:1219-26. [PMID: 11498506 PMCID: PMC1621139 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Arginine-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART1) is expressed on the surface of a number of cell types, and catalyses the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD(+) to target proteins. We investigated whether extracellular proteins such as growth factors may serve as substrates for this enzyme, with subsequent alteration in their biological activity. Experiments were performed with rat skeletal muscle membranes and V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts with doxycycline-inducible expression of human ART. 2. From a panel of growth factors, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) was found to be the best substrate for ART1, whereas the structural homologue PDGF-AA was not a substrate. Under conditions of maximum labelling 5 mol ADP-ribose was incorporated per mol of PDGF-BB. 3. Purified (ADP-ribosyl)-PDGF-BB did not stimulate a mitogenic or chemotactic response in human pulmonary smooth muscle cells, and showed a reduced capacity to bind to PDGF receptors in competition binding experiments, when compared to unmodified PDGF-BB. 4. PDGF-dependent [(3)H-methyl]-thymidine incorporation was measured in the ART1-transfected fibroblast cell line at physiological concentrations of PDGF-BB, and without addition of extracellular NAD(+). Fibroblasts expressing human ART1 at the cell surface showed reduced mitogenic responses to PDGF-BB, but not to PDGF-AA. This loss of mitogenic response in cells expressing ART1 activity was reversed by the addition of agmatine (an ART1 substrate). 5. In conclusion, we propose that PDGF-BB-dependent signalling may be regulated by post-translational modification of the growth factor by ART1 at the cell surface. This has been demonstrated in membranes of rat skeletal muscle, and the reaction confirmed in ART1-transfected fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Saxty
- Medicine and Therapeutics (Division of Medicine), Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH
| | - Masoud Yadollahi-Farsani
- Section on Clinical Pharmacology (Division of Medicine), Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN
| | - Paul D Upton
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ
| | - Stephen R Johnstone
- Medicine and Therapeutics (Division of Medicine), Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH
| | - John MacDermot
- Medicine and Therapeutics (Division of Medicine), Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH
- Author for correspondence:
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Yadollahi-Farsani M, Kefalas P, Saxty BA, MacDermot J. Polymorphic forms of human ADP-ribosyltransferase-1 differences in their catalytic activities revealed by labeling of membrane-associated substrates. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 262:342-8. [PMID: 10336617 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Full length cDNA encoding ADP-ribosyltransferase-1 (ART1) was generated from human skeletal muscle. A single base variation from the published sequence was observed (C770-->T), and was established as a polymorphism by the screening of a population of 50 Caucasians. The base variation predicted a nonconservative substitution of Leu for Pro at codon 257. Cell lines with stable and doxycycline-inducible expression of the two polymorphic forms of ART1 were generated from Chinese hamster V79 cells, and exploited in studies to compare the activities of ART1-Pro257 and ART1-Leu257. The results revealed no differences in the capacity of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C to cleave the two ART1 isoforms from the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the capacities of ART1-Pro257 and ART1-Leu257 to ADP-ribosylate agmatine or fibroblast growth factor-2 were similar. Differences in the catalytic activities of ART1-Pro257 and ART1-Leu257 were however, identified when measurements were made of their capacities to ADP-ribosylate membrane-associated proteins on the surface of V79 cells. Protein(s) of molecular mass 80-110 kDa were more extensively ADP-ribosylated by ART1-Pro257 than ART1-Leu257, in accordance with the Vmax (59.5 +/- 5.5 and 37.0 +/- 3.0) and Km values (12.5 +/- 4.5 and 5.0 +/- 1. 9) for ART1-Pro257 and ART1-Leu257, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yadollahi-Farsani
- Section on Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
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Szebenyi G, Fallon JF. Fibroblast growth factors as multifunctional signaling factors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1998; 185:45-106. [PMID: 9750265 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family consists of at least 15 structurally related polypeptide growth factors. Their expression is controlled at the levels of transcription, mRNA stability, and translation. The bioavailability of FGFs is further modulated by posttranslational processing and regulated protein trafficking. FGFs bind to receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs), heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), and a cysteine-rich FGF receptor (CFR). FGFRs are required for most biological activities of FGFs. HSPGs alter FGF-FGFR interactions and CFR participates in FGF intracellular transport. FGF signaling pathways are intricate and are intertwined with insulin-like growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, bone morphogenetic protein, and vertebrate homologs of Drosophila wingless activated pathways. FGFs are major regulators of embryonic development: They influence the formation of the primary body axis, neural axis, limbs, and other structures. The activities of FGFs depend on their coordination of fundamental cellular functions, such as survival, replication, differentiation, adhesion, and motility, through effects on gene expression and the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Szebenyi
- Anatomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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