1
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Mehrab Mohseni M, Zamani H, Momeni M, Shirvani-Farsani Z. An update on the molecular mechanisms of ZFAS1 as a prognostic, diagnostic, or therapeutic biomarker in cancers. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:219. [PMID: 38856786 PMCID: PMC11164845 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1), a newly discovered long noncoding RNA, is expressed in various tissues and organs and has been introduced an oncogenic gene in human malignancies. In various cancers, ZFAS1 regulates apoptosis, cell proliferation, the cell cycle, migration, translation, rRNA processing, and spliceosomal snRNP assembly; targets signaling cascades; and interacts with transcription factors via binding to key proteins and miRNAs, with conflicting findings on its effect on these processes. ZFAS1 is elevated in different types of cancer, like colorectal, colon, osteosarcoma, and gastric cancer. Considering the ZFAS1 expression pattern, it also has the potential to be a diagnostic or prognostic marker in various cancers. The current review discusses the mode of action of ZFAS1 in various human cancers and its regulation function related to chemoresistance comprehensively, as well as the potential role of ZFAS1 as an effective and noninvasive cancer-specific biomarker in tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We expected that the current review could fill the current scientific gaps in the ZFAS1-related cancer causative mechanisms and improve available biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Zamani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mina Momeni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran.
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2
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Lumkul L, Jantaree P, Jaisamak K, Wongkummool W, Lapisatepun W, Orrapin S, Udomruk S, Lo Piccolo L, Chaiyawat P. Combinatorial Gene Expression Profiling of Serum HULC, HOTAIR, and UCA1 lncRNAs to Differentiate Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1258. [PMID: 38279264 PMCID: PMC10816616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant global health challenge due to limited early detection methods, primarily relying on conventional approaches like imaging and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Although non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) show promise as potential biomarkers in HCC, their true utility remains uncertain. We conducted a comprehensive review of 76 articles, analyzing 88 circulating lncRNAs in 6426 HCC patients. However, the lack of a standardized workflow protocol has hampered holistic comparisons across the literature. Consequently, we herein confined our meta-analysis to only a subset of these lncRNAs. The combined analysis of serum highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) gene expression with homeobox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) demonstrated markedly enhanced sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic capability compared to traditional biomarkers or other ncRNAs. These findings could have substantial implications for the early diagnosis and tailored treatment of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Genes, Homeobox
- RNA, Antisense
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated
- Biomarkers
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Lumkul
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phatcharida Jantaree
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Kritsada Jaisamak
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Wasinee Wongkummool
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Worakitti Lapisatepun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Santhasiri Orrapin
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Sasimol Udomruk
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Luca Lo Piccolo
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
| | - Parunya Chaiyawat
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (L.L.); (P.J.); (K.J.); (W.W.); (S.O.); (S.U.)
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3
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Tsoneva DK, Ivanov MN, Vinciguerra M. Liquid Liver Biopsy for Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1520-1541. [PMID: 38161500 PMCID: PMC10752811 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are a major burden worldwide, the scope of which is expected to further grow in the upcoming years. Clinically relevant liver dysfunction-related blood markers such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase have limited accuracy. Nowadays, liver biopsy remains the gold standard for several liver-related pathologies, posing a risk of complication due to its invasive nature. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive approach, which has shown substantial potential in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of liver diseases by detecting disease-associated particles such as proteins and RNA molecules in biological fluids. Histones are the core components of the nucleosomes, regulating essential cellular processes, including gene expression and DNA repair. Following cell death or activation of immune cells, histones are released in the extracellular space and can be detected in circulation. Histones are stable in circulation, have a long half-life, and retain their post-translational modifications. Here, we provide an overview of the current research on histone-mediated liquid biopsy methods for liver diseases, with a focus on the most common detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava K. Tsoneva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Martin N. Ivanov
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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4
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Liu L, Sun S, Li X. LncRNA ZFAS1 ameliorates injury led by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via suppressing lipid peroxidation and inflammation. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102067. [PMID: 36513253 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to aggravate metabolic disturbance and increase the risk of complications. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mechanism underlying the clinical effects of ZFAS1 on NAFLD. METHODS Expression of the ZFAS1 RNA was quantified in patients with NAFLD through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlations were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient test. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the identification of ZFAS1. Commercial kits were purchased to detect the pertinent parameters to establish mice models. Luciferase report assay was used to identify and confirm the presence of ZFAS1 ceRNA. RESULTS The increase of ZFAS1 expression in patients with NAFLD was noted and the high expression level may be considered a risk factor for NAFLD. In mouse models fed with high-fat diet (HFD), the expression levels of ZFAS1 were increased; furthermore, sh-ZFAS1 reversed ZFAS1 overexpression. HFD administration resulted in liver injury, which was indicated by increased lipid deposition, aggressive oxidative stress, and imbalanced inflammatory reaction. However, sh-ZFAS1 attenuated the abovementioned adverse effects of HFD. MiR-144-5p was a ceRNA of ZFAS1; in addition, the expression of miR-144-5p was reduced in HFD-managed models and patients with NAFLD. ZFAS1 could successfully regulate the expression levels of miR-144-5p. In the present study, the negative relationship between ZFAS1 and miR-144-5p was documented. CONCLUSION Excessive expression of ZFAS1 and its diagnostic potential was noted in patients with NAFLD. It was evident that ZFAS1 may be responsible for exacerbating the worsening of liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China.
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5
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Taleb RSZ, Zeid AE, Nabil MA, Moez PE. Plasma Long Non-Coding RNA ZFAS1 as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for HCV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416822040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
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6
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Function of the Long Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Classification, Molecular Mechanisms, and Significant Therapeutic Potentials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080406. [PMID: 36004931 PMCID: PMC9405066 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and serious type of primary liver cancer. HCC patients have a high death rate and poor prognosis due to the lack of clear signs and inadequate treatment interventions. However, the molecular pathways that underpin HCC pathogenesis remain unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a new type of RNAs, have been found to play important roles in HCC. LncRNAs have the ability to influence gene expression and protein activity. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been linked to a growing number of liver disorders, including HCC. As a result, improved understanding of lncRNAs could lead to new insights into HCC etiology, as well as new approaches for the early detection and treatment of HCC. The latest results with respect to the role of lncRNAs in controlling multiple pathways of HCC were summarized in this study. The processes by which lncRNAs influence HCC advancement by interacting with chromatin, RNAs, and proteins at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels were examined. This critical review also highlights recent breakthroughs in lncRNA signaling pathways in HCC progression, shedding light on the potential applications of lncRNAs for HCC diagnosis and therapy.
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7
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Mo C, Wu J, Sui J, Deng Y, Li M, Cao Z, Hu Z, Huang J, Li S. Long non-coding RNA LINC01793 as a potential diagnostic biomarker of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Biochem 2022; 108:56-62. [PMID: 35760369 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may serve as diagnostic markers. This study investigates the diagnostic efficiency of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 1793 (LINC01793) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to screen the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in HCC tissues based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the expression of the candidate lncRNAs in tissues, cells and whole blood samples of patients with HBV-related HCC, liver cirrhosis (LC), chronic hepatitis (CHB), and healthy controls. Then, the correlations between LINC01793 and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Finally,the diagnostic value of LINC01793 was explored based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS LINC01793 was remarkably upregulated in the HCC tissues and cells. It was highly expressed in the whole blood of the HBV-related HCC patients, unlike in that of the healthy controls and of the CHB and LC patients. Subsequent analysis revealed that high LINC01793 was related to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (P = 0.007), tumor invasion (P = 0.042), the number of tumors (P = 0.031) and serum level of alanine aminotransferase(p = 0.022). The areas under the curve of LINC01793, for distinguishing HCC from healthy controls, CHB and LC patients, were 0.824, 0.767 and 0.756, respectively. In addition, the combination of LINC01793 with alpha fetoprotein (AFP) had a stronger diagnostic value than LINC01793 or AFP alone in AFP-negative HCC patients. CONCLUSION High expression of LINC01793 is correlated with adverse clinical characteristics and can serve as a non-invasive biomarker of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Mo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingzhe Sui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhao Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zuojian Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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8
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Chen Y, Long W, Yang L, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Chen Y, Yang Z, Wen Q, Yi T, Xiao Z, Shen J. Functional Peptides Encoded by Long Non-Coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777374. [PMID: 34888249 PMCID: PMC8649637 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is by far the most common malignancy and the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of cancer cells and regulate tumor progression by affecting chromatin modifications, gene transcription, translation, and sponge to miRNAs. In particular, lncRNA has recently been found to possess open reading frame (ORF), which can encode functional small peptides or proteins. These peptides interact with its targets to regulate transcription or the signal axis, thus promoting or inhibiting the occurrence and development of tumors. In this review, we summarize the involvement of lncRNAs and the function of lncRNAs encoded small peptides in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Weili Long
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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9
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Han Z, Li K, Wu J, Wang K, Qiu C, Ye H, Cui C, Song C, Wang K, Shi J, Wang P, Zhang J. Diagnostic value of RNA for hepatocellular carcinoma: a network meta-analysis. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1755-1767. [PMID: 34783583 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of RNA in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A systematic review was conducted from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science databases via well-designed retrieval strategy. Subsequently, the network meta-analysis was performed by the STATA software. Results: Through statistical analysis, the three hypotheses of the network meta-analysis were established. In view of these hypotheses, the diagnostic efficacy of the three markers in HCC (HCC vs healthy people) may be consistent, and the cumulative ranking results showed such a trend: circular RNA >long noncoding RNA >microRNA. Conclusion: Circular RNA may be most effective for diagnosing HCC across the three types of RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Han
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Keming Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jinyu Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chi Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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10
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The Role of Long Non-Coding RNA and microRNA Networks in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910630. [PMID: 34638971 PMCID: PMC8508708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common liver malignancy with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in crucial biological processes of tumorigenesis and progression, and play four major regulatory roles, namely signal, decoy, guide, and scaffold, to regulate gene expression. Through these processes, lncRNAs can target microRNAs (miRNAs) to form lncRNA and miRNA networks, which regulate cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and the tumor microenvironment. Here, we summarize the multifaceted functions of lncRNA and miRNA networks in the pathogenesis of HCC, the potential use of diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and novel therapeutic targets in HCC. This review also highlights the regulatory effects of lncRNA and miRNA networks in the tumor microenvironment of HCC.
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11
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Ng CT, Azwar S, Yip WK, Zahari Sham SY, Faisal Jabar M, Sahak NH, Mohtarrudin N, Seow HF. Isolation and Identification of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Exosomes Derived from the Serum of Colorectal Carcinoma Patients. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090918. [PMID: 34571795 PMCID: PMC8465981 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment regimens for patients with advanced disease are limited and the mortality rate is high in these patients. A better understanding on pathogenesis and progression of cancer is critical for the development of new treatment strategies. In colorectal cancer (CRC), exosomes (secreted vesicles from cells) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play significant roles in disease development and progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are present in the exosomes of serum and their profiles may potentially be useful as novel biomarkers for CRC patients and may provide a new insight in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC. Here, we compared the expression profiles of exosomal lncRNAs between non-cancer individuals and patients with colorectal carcinoma. The relative expression level of LINC00152 was found to be significantly lower in exosomes from sera of CRC patients as compared to non-cancer individuals whereas lncRNA H19 was significantly up-regulated in advanced-stages (stage III and IV) of CRC as compared to early-stages (stage I and II). Our data suggest that LINC00152 and H19 may play important roles in pathogenesis and progression of CRC. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs consisting of more than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs present in exosomes may play a critical role in the cellular processes involved in cancer pathogenesis and progression including proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells. This paper aims to identify the differential expression of exosomal lncRNAs derived from the sera of non-cancer individuals and patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma. These differentially-expressed exosomal serum lncRNAs may provide an insight into the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Serum exosomes and exosomes from SW480-7 cell culture supernatants were isolated and viewed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The particle size distribution and protein markers of exosomes derived from SW480-7 were further analyzed using the Zetasizer Nano S instrument and western blotting technique. TEM showed that exosomes derived from serum and SW480-7 cells were round vesicles with sizes ranging from 50–200 nm. The exosomes derived from SW480-7 had an average diameter of 274.6 nm and contained the exosomal protein, ALIX/PDCD6IP. In our clinical studies, six lncRNAs, namely GAS5, H19, LINC00152, SNHG16, RMRP, and ZFAS1 were detected in the exosomes from sera of 18 CRC patients. Among these six lncRNAs, the expression level of LINC00152 was found to be significantly lower in CRC patients as compared to non-cancer individuals (p = 0.04) while lncRNA H19 was significantly up-regulated in advanced-stages (stage III and IV) of CRC (p = 0.04) as compared to early-stages (stage I and II). In conclusion, the detection of lower LINC00152 in exosomes of sera from CRC patients versus non-cancer individuals and H19 upregulation in advanced stages suggests that they may play important roles in pathogenesis and progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Tat Ng
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
| | - Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
| | - Wai Kien Yip
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
| | - Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norren Haneezah Sahak
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Serdang, Jalan Puchong, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.T.N.); (S.A.); (W.K.Y.); (S.Y.Z.S.); (H.F.S.)
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12
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Kamali MJ, Abak A, Shoorei H, Taheri M. LncRNA ZFAS1: Role in tumorigenesis and other diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111999. [PMID: 34385106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Residing on chromosome 20q13.13, Zinc Finger NFX1-Type Containing 1 (ZNFX1) antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) is a transcript which has been primarily recognized as a modulator of differentiation of alveolar and epithelial cell in the mammary gland. This long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) partakes in the molecular cascades leading to several non-neoplastic conditions such as osteoarthritis, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac dysfunction. More importantly, ZFAS1 is considered as an oncogene in almost all types of cancers. Using expression amounts of ZFAS1, it is possible to forecast the clinical outcome of patients with different neoplasms such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and other types of cancer. We describe the role of ZFAS1 in the development of neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Atefe Abak
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Cheng B, Tian J, Chen Y. Identification of RNA binding protein interacting with circular RNA and hub candidate network for hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16124-16143. [PMID: 34133325 PMCID: PMC8266373 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between RNA binding protein (RBP) and circular RNA (circRNA) is important for the regulation of tumor progression. This study aimed to identify the RBP-circRNA network in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 22 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs in HCC were screened out from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and their binding RBPs were predicted by Circular RNA Interactome. Among them, 17 DERBPs, which were commonly dysregulated in HCC from The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) projects, were utilized to construct the RBP-circRNA network. Through survival analysis, we found TARDBP was the only prognostic RBP for HCC in CPTAC, TCGA and ICGC projects. High expression of TARDBP was correlated with high grade, advanced stage and low macrophage infiltration of HCC. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis showed that dysregulated TARDBP might be involved in some pathways related to the HCC pathogenesis. Therefore, a hub RBP-circRNA network was generated based on TARDBP. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down confirmed that hsa_circ_0004913 binds to TARDBP. These findings indicated certain RBP-circRNA regulatory network potentially involved in the pathogenesis of HCC, which provides novel insights into the mechanism study and biomarker identification for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Jingdong Tian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510520, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China
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14
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PERK/ATF4-Dependent ZFAS1 Upregulation Is Associated with Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115848. [PMID: 34072570 PMCID: PMC8199104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, is the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, this drug only provides a short improvement of patients' overall survival, and drug resistance is commonly developed. Thus, the identification of resistant factor(s) or biomarker(s) is needed to develop more efficient therapeutic strategies. Long, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been viewed as attractive cancer biomarkers and drive many important cancer phenotypes. A lncRNA, ZFAS1 (ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1) has been found to promote HCC metastasis. This study found that sorafenib induced ZFAS1 expression specifically in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Although ZFAS1 knockdown did not restore the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib, its expression may act as a resistant biomarker for sorafenib therapy. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that sorafenib tended to induce pathways related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. In vitro experimental evidence suggested that sorafenib induced protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-dependent ZFAS1 expression, and sorafenib resistance could be overcome by PERK/ATF inhibitors. Therefore, PERK/ATF4/ZFAS1 signaling axis might be an attractive therapeutic and prognostic biomarker for sorafenib therapy in HCC.
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15
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Hussen BM, Taheri M. The Impact of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649107. [PMID: 33968749 PMCID: PMC8097102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the utmost deadly human malignancies. This type of cancer has been associated with several environmental, viral, and lifestyle risk factors. Among the epigenetic factors which contribute in the pathogenesis of HCC is dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These transcripts modulate expression of several tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and alter the activity of cancer-related signaling axes. Several lncRNAs such as NEAT1, MALAT1, ANRIL, and SNHG1 have been up-regulated in HCC samples. On the other hand, a number of so-called tumor suppressor lncRNAs namely CASS2 and MEG3 are down-regulated in HCC. The interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs regulate expression of a number of mRNA coding genes which are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. H19/miR-15b/CDC42, H19/miR-326/TWIST1, NEAT1/miR-485/STAT3, MALAT1/miR-124-3p/Slug, MALAT1/miR-195/EGFR, MALAT1/miR-22/SNAI1, and ANRIL/miR-144/PBX3 axes are among functional axes in the pathobiology of HCC. Some genetic polymorphisms within non-coding regions of the genome have been associated with risk of HCC in certain populations. In the current paper, we describe the recent finding about the impact of lncRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Decoding the Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063137. [PMID: 33808647 PMCID: PMC8003515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. HCC is associated with several etiological factors, including HBV/HCV infections, cirrhosis, and fatty liver diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying HCC development remains largely elusive. The advent of high-throughput sequencing has unveiled an unprecedented discovery of a plethora of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Despite the lack of coding capacity, lncRNAs have key roles in gene regulation through interacting with various biomolecules. It is increasingly evident that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is inextricably linked to HCC cancer phenotypes, suggesting that lncRNAs are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. In light of the emerging research in the study of the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in HCC, we discuss the association of lncRNAs with HCC. We link the biological processes influenced by lncRNAs to cancer hallmarks in HCC and describe the associated functional mechanisms. This review sheds light on future research directions, including the potential therapeutic applications of lncRNAs.
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17
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Song T, Li L, Wu S, Liu Y, Guo C, Wang W, Dai L, Zhang T, Wu H, Su B. Peripheral Blood Genetic Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:583714. [PMID: 33777736 PMCID: PMC7991745 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.583714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and has high mortality. Biomarkers related to HCC, such as alpha-fetoprotein, and imaging technology, such as ultrasound and computed tomography, have been used to screen and monitor HCC, but HCC is still difficult to diagnose effectively in the early stage due to the low sensitivity of the above mentioned traditional methods. There is an urgent need for noninvasive biomarkers to facilitate the screening and early diagnosis of HCC. With the advancement of next-generation sequencing, genetic biomarkers are becoming the core of cancer diagnosis. Genetic biomarkers such as peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and exosomes have become the focus of early HCC diagnostics. HCC genetic biomarkers have been implemented in clinical practice. In this review, we describe the available literature on peripheral blood genetic biomarkers in the diagnosis of early HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Center of Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Caiping Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
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18
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Feng Y, Dramani Maman ST, Zhu X, Liu X, Bongolo CC, Liang C, Tu J. Clinical value and potential mechanisms of LINC00221 in hepatocellular carcinoma based on integrated analysis. Epigenomics 2021; 13:299-317. [PMID: 33406920 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims:This study aimed to unveil the functional roles of LINC00221 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods:A discovery cohort and a validation cohort were respectively used to identify and verify the clinical value of LINC00221 in HCC. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore its potential mechanisms. Results:LINC00221 was upregulated in HCC tissues and serum samples. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve further revealed its prognostic and diagnostic roles. Exploration of the mechanism showed that LINC00221 might exert a pro-cancer role via the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.Conclusions: Our study reveals that upregulated LINC00221 can serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and provides novel clues as to the role of LINC00221 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Feng
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Souraka Tapara Dramani Maman
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Christian Cedric Bongolo
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chunzi Liang
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Program & Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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19
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Fang X, Wang D, Pu K, Zhang Z, Wang H, Wang H, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Guan Q, Zhou Y. Diagnostic value of circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers of digestive system cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:1051-1062. [PMID: 33138648 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1822169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to explore the diagnostic value and accuracy of circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers of digestive system tumors. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of science were searched for relevant articles that were published before April 2019, and a meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS 52 studies with 63 lncRNAs were discussed in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.79-0.81) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.75-0.77), respectively. The pooled DOR (the diagnostic odds ratio) was 15.63 (95% CI: 12.77-19.12), and the overall AUC (the area under the curve) was 0.87. Besides, subgroup analyzes showed that the DOR and AUC of large sample sizes (>80), multiple lncRNAs, serum-based lncRNAs, and downregulation group were superior to those of small sample sizes (≤80), single lncRNA, plasma-based lncRNAs, and upregulation group, respectively. The current data also highlight that the diagnostic accuracy of circulating lncRNAs in the case of colorectal cancer was higher than gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. And there is no difference in the perspective of geographical regions. CONCLUSION The circulating lncRNAs have high diagnostic value and accuracy in digestive system cancers and may serve as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongke Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Pu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases , Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haojia Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Quanlin Guan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China
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20
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Kim SS, Baek GO, Ahn HR, Sung S, Seo CW, Cho HJ, Nam SW, Cheong JY, Eun JW. Serum small extracellular vesicle-derived LINC00853 as a novel diagnostic marker for early hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2646-2659. [PMID: 32525601 PMCID: PMC7530776 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using publicly available tissue genomic datasets and validate their diagnostic utility for early-stage HCC. Differentially expressed lncRNAs between 371 HCC and 50 nontumor tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas liver hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA_LIHC) project. Subsequently, the expression of the serum- and extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived lncRNA was assessed in 10 patients with HCC and 10 healthy controls using RT-qPCR. The candidate lncRNAs were validated in 90 HCC and 92 non-HCC (29 healthy control, 28 chronic hepatitis, 35 liver cirrhosis) patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated for the candidate lncRNAs and the current HCC biomarker, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). SFTA1P, HOTTIP, HAGLROS, LINC01419, HAGLR, CRNDE, and LINC00853 were markedly upregulated in HCC in TCGA_LIHC dataset. Among them, LINC00853 has not been reported in relation to HCC before. In patients with HCC, only expression of small EV-derived LINC00853 (EV-LINC00853) was increased. EV-LINC00853 showed excellent discriminatory ability in the diagnosis of all-stage HCC (AUC = 0.934, 95% confidence interval = 0.887-0.966). Moreover, using a 14-fold increase and 20 ng·mL-1 as cutoffs for EV-LINC00853 expression and AFP level, respectively, EV-LINC00853 was found to have a sensitivity of 93.75% and specificity of 89.77%, while AFP showed only 9.38% sensitivity and 72.73% specificity for the diagnosis of early-stage HCC (mUICC stage I). EV-LINC00853 had a positivity of 97% and 67% in AFP-negative and AFP-positive early HCC, respectively. Serum EV-derived LINC00853 may be a novel potential diagnostic biomarker for early HCC, especially for AFP-negative HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Sun Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Geum Ok Baek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye Ri Ahn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Suna Sung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chul Won Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Suk Woo Nam
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung Woo Eun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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21
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Gong X, Huang A. Differential expression and diagnostic significance of P53, MutS homologs 2, tropomyosin-4 in alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23353. [PMID: 32363617 PMCID: PMC7439328 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current study aimed to explore the value of P53, MutS homologs 2 (MSH2), and tropomyosin-4 (Tm-4) combined with inflammatory factors, life-history traits in the differential diagnosis of alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (AFP-Negative HCC). METHODS A testing cohort including 280 AFP-Negative HCC patients and 300 controls was included. Three external validation cohorts from 3 centers were used to assess the novel logistic regression model including 400 AFP-Negative HCC patients and 400 controls. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the levels of P53, MSH2, and Tm-4 protein in si-P53 group, si-MSH2 group, and si-Tm-4 group were significantly reduced (P < .05). The P53, MSH2, Tm-4, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocytes to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, and the smoking, drinking, and occupational exposure to chemicals rates in patients were significantly higher than those in controls (P < .05). ROC analyses showed that the area under curve (AUC) of NLR, MLR, hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, P53, MSH2, Tm-4, drinking, smoking, and occupational exposure to chemicals were 0.798, 0.803, 0.560, 0.644, 0.808, 0.681, 0.830, 0.694, 0.582, 0.581, and 0.567, respectively. A novel logistic regression model was built and has a high value in identifying AFP-Negative HCC with AUC of 0.917, sensitivity of 85.2%, and specificity of 88.3%. In the validation cohorts, this model also showed good diagnostic efficiency (AUC = 0.898 with Dazu Branch cohort, AUC = 0.924 with Jinshan Branch cohort, and AUC = 0.907 with Liangping Branch cohort). CONCLUSION Current model has potential significance for the noninvasive diagnosis of AFP-Negative HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Gong
- Infectious Disease and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Infectious Disease and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chen X, Tang FR, Arfuso F, Cai WQ, Ma Z, Yang J, Sethi G. The Emerging Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2019; 10:biom10010066. [PMID: 31906046 PMCID: PMC7023197 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play multifaceted roles in modulating gene expression under both physiological and pathological processes. The dysregulation of lncRNAs has been increasingly linked with many human diseases, including a plethora of cancers. Mounting evidence indicates that lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and can regulate HCC progression, as well as metastasis. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the expanding roles of lncRNAs in modulating various functions of HCC, and elaborate on how can lncRNAs impact HCC metastasis and progression via interacting with chromatin, RNA, and proteins at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. This mini-review also highlights the current advances regarding the signaling pathways of lncRNAs in HCC metastasis and sheds light on the possible application of lncRNAs for the prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou 434023, China;
| | - Feng-Ru Tang
- Radiation Physiology Laboratory, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore;
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou 434023, China;
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou 434023, China;
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou 434023, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (J.Y.); (G.S.)
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou 434023, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (J.Y.); (G.S.)
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (J.Y.); (G.S.)
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Guo ZW, Meng Y, Zhai XM, Xie C, Zhao N, Li M, Zhou CL, Li K, Liu TC, Yang XX, Wu YS. Translated Long Non-Coding Ribonucleic Acid ZFAS1 Promotes Cancer Cell Migration by Elevating Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2019; 10:1111. [PMID: 31781169 PMCID: PMC6861293 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Micropeptides (≤100 amino acids) are essential regulators of physiological and pathological processes, which can be encoded by small open reading frames (smORFs) derived from long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Recently, lncRNA-encoded micropeptides have been shown to have essential roles in tumorigenesis. Since translated smORF identification remains technically challenging, little is known of their pathological functions in cancer. Therefore, we created classifiers to identify translated smORFs derived from lncRNAs based on ribosome-protected fragment sequencing and machine learning methods. In total, 537 putative translated smORFs were identified and the coding potential of five smORFs was experimentally validated via green fluorescent protein-tagged protein generation and mass spectrometry. After analyzing 11 lncRNA expression profiles of seven cancer types, we identified one validated translated lncRNA, ZFAS1, which was significantly up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Functional studies revealed that ZFAS1 can promote cancer cell migration by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species production by inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase expression, indicating that translated ZFAS1 may be an essential oncogene in the progression of HCC. In this study, we systematically identified translated smORFs derived from lncRNAs and explored their potential pathological functions in cancer to improve our comprehensive understanding of the building blocks of living systems
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Zhai
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Min Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Lian Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Cai Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Xi Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Song Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tian Z, Yu T, Wei H, Ning N. Clinical value of LHPP-associated microRNAs combined with protein induced by vitamin K deficiency or antagonist-II in the diagnosis of alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23071. [PMID: 31693242 PMCID: PMC7031545 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) has received extensive attention in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially for AFP‐negative HCC (AFP‐NHCC). The current study aimed to explore the value of targeted regulation of LHPP expression‐related microRNAs (miRs) and protein induced by vitamin K deficiency or antagonist‐II (PIVKA‐II) in the differential diagnosis of AFP‐NHCC. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on a testing set—including 214 AFP‐NHCC patients, 200 cirrhosis, and 210 controls, and a validation set—including 140 AFP‐NHCC patients, 134 cirrhosis, and 128 controls recruited from The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University. Serum miRs were examined using quantitative real‐time PCR method. Serum PIVKA‐II was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with adjacent tissues, LHPP protein levels in cancer tissues were significantly decreased (P < .05). Predictive software and dual‐luciferase reporter assays showed that miR‐363‐5p and miR‐765 can target LHPP expression. Serum miR‐363‐5p, miR‐765, and PIVKA‐II levels were significantly higher in AFP‐HCC patients than in cirrhosis and controls. A logistic regression model combining miR‐363‐5p, miR‐765, and PIVKA‐II was performed. This model presented a high discriminating value (AUC: 0.930, sensitivity/specificity: 79.4%/95.4%) than any single indicator. In the validation set, this model still showed a high discriminating value (AUC: 0.936, sensitivity/specificity: 83.6%/94.7%). Conclusion Current model combining serum miR‐363‐5p, miR‐765, and PIVKA‐II has potential significance for diagnosis of AFP‐NHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Tanbo Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of Medical Administration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Pardini B, Sabo AA, Birolo G, Calin GA. Noncoding RNAs in Extracellular Fluids as Cancer Biomarkers: The New Frontier of Liquid Biopsies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1170. [PMID: 31416190 PMCID: PMC6721601 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last two decades of cancer research have been devoted in two directions: (1) understanding the mechanism of carcinogenesis for an effective treatment, and (2) improving cancer prevention and screening for early detection of the disease. This last aspect has been developed, especially for certain types of cancers, thanks also to the introduction of new concepts such as liquid biopsies and precision medicine. In this context, there is a growing interest in the application of alternative and noninvasive methodologies to search for cancer biomarkers. The new frontiers of the research lead to a search for RNA molecules circulating in body fluids. Searching for biomarkers in extracellular body fluids represents a better option for patients because they are easier to access, less painful, and potentially more economical. Moreover, the possibility for these types of samples to be taken repeatedly, allows a better monitoring of the disease progression or treatment efficacy for a better intervention and dynamic treatment of the patient, which is the fundamental basis of personalized medicine. RNA molecules, freely circulating in body fluids or packed in microvesicles, have all the characteristics of the ideal biomarkers owing to their high stability under storage and handling conditions and being able to be sampled several times for monitoring. Moreover, as demonstrated for many cancers, their plasma/serum levels mirror those in the primary tumor. There are a large variety of RNA species noncoding for proteins that could be used as cancer biomarkers in liquid biopsies. Among them, the most studied are microRNAs, but recently the attention of the researcher has been also directed towards Piwi-interacting RNAs, circular RNAs, and other small noncoding RNAs. Another class of RNA species, the long noncoding RNAs, is larger than microRNAs and represents a very versatile and promising group of molecules which, apart from their use as biomarkers, have also a possible therapeutic role. In this review, we will give an overview of the most common noncoding RNA species detectable in extracellular fluids and will provide an update concerning the situation of the research on these molecules as cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pardini
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
- Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Alexandru Anton Sabo
- Department of Pediatrics, Marie Curie Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 077120 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Giovanni Birolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ming XL, Feng YL, He DD, Luo CL, Rong JL, Zhang WW, Ye P, Chai HY, Liang CZ, Tu JC. Role of BCYRN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis by lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network analysis and its diagnostic and prognostic value. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1209-1231. [PMID: 31339046 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to excavate the roles of BCYRN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A comprehensive strategy of microarray data mining, computational biology and experimental verification were adopted to assess the clinical significance of BCYRN1 and identify related pathways. Results: BCYRN1 was upregulated in HCC and its expression was positively associated with both tumor, node, metastasis and worse survival rate in patients with HCC. Through combing plasma BCYRN1 with alpha fetoprotein, the diagnosis of HCC was remarkably improved. BCYRN1 may regulate some cancer-related pathways to promote HCC initiation via an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Conclusion: Our results propose BCYRN1 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and offer a novel perspective to explore the etiopathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Liang Ming
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yan-Lin Feng
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Ding-Dong He
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Chang-Liang Luo
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Jia-Ling Rong
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Wu-Wen Zhang
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Chai
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Chun-Zi Liang
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Jian-Cheng Tu
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
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Sarfi M, Abbastabar M, Khalili E. Long noncoding RNAs biomarker-based cancer assessment. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16971-16986. [PMID: 30835829 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis have mainly relied on the incorporation of molecular biomarkers as part of routine diagnostic tool. The molecular alteration ranges from those involving DNA, RNA, noncoding RNAs (microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) and proteins. lncRNAs are recently discovered noncoding endogenous RNAs that critically regulates the development, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. They are dysregulated in different types of malignancies and have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers for cancer. The expression of noncoding RNAs is altered following many diseases, and besides, some of them can be secreted from the cells into the circulation following the apoptotic and necrotic cell death. These secreted noncoding RNAs are known as cell free RNA. These RNAs can be secreted from the cell through the apoptotic body, extracellular vesicles including microvesicle and exosome, and bind to proteins. Since, lncRNAs display high organ and cell specificity, can be found in the blood, urine, tumor tissue, or other tissues or bodily fluids of some patients with cancer, this review summarizes the most significant and up-to-date findings of research on lncRNAs involvement in different cancers, focusing on the potential of cancer-related lncRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbastabar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khalili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang X, Jin Q, Wang X, Chen W, Cai Z. LncRNA ZFAS1 promotes proliferation and migration and inhibits apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via the PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro. Cancer Biomark 2019; 26:171-182. [PMID: 31403940 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-182080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in the development of various cancers. Zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) is a novel lncRNA with previously demonstrated associations with several types of cancer. Here we examined the expression and potential function of the ZFAS1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS We detected ZFAS1 expression in GSE12452, a human microarray dataset, and NPC cell lines. Small interfering RNA against ZFAS1 was used to elucidate the cellular functions of ZFAS1 using MTT, colony formation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, transwell invasion and migration and western blot assays. An activator of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (740Y-P) was used to determine the contribution of PI3K/AKT. RESULTS ZFAS1 was significantly upregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. Silencing ZFAS1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, arrested cell cycle progression and promoted cell apoptosis, as well as reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, 740Y-P could rescue the effects of ZFAS1 knockdown on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in 5-8F cells. CONCLUSIONS ZFAS1 might play an oncogenic role in NPC and facilitate cell proliferation and invasion via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaozhi Jin
- Taizhou Minicipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wubing Chen
- Taizhou Minicipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyi Cai
- Taizhou Minicipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jiang X, Yang Z, Li Z. Zinc finger antisense 1: A long noncoding RNA with complex roles in human cancers. Gene 2018; 688:26-33. [PMID: 30503395 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1), a newly identified long non-coding RNA, is a transcript antisense to the 5' end of the protein-coding gene zinc finger NFX1-type containing 1 which hosts three C/D-box small nucleolar RNAs (SNORDs) within sequential introns: Snord12, Snord12b, and Snord12c. ZFAS1 is dysregulated and acts as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in different human malignancies. ZFAS1 has been implicated in many aspects of carcinogenesis, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle, and drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying the effects of ZFAS1 are complex and involve multiple signaling pathways. In this review, the multiple pathological functions of ZFAS1 in diverse malignancies are systematically reviewed to elucidate the molecular basis of its biological roles and to provide new directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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