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Lei C, Li J, Tang G, Wang J. MicroRNA‑25 protects nucleus pulposus cells against apoptosis via targeting SUMO2 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:724. [PMID: 34396430 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that microRNA (miRNA/miR)‑25 is downregulated in patients with intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, the potential role of miR‑25 in IVDD remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of miR‑25 on human intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The expression levels of miR‑25 and those of small ubiquitin‑related modifier 2 (SUMO2) were determined in human nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analyses. Subsequently, the potential interaction between miR‑25 and SUMO2 was validated via dual‑luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‑down assay with biotinylated miRNA. The effects of miR‑25 on NPC proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and flow cytometry. The results showed that miR‑25 was downregulated in patients with IVDD. In addition, miR‑25 increased the proliferation of NPCs and inhibited their apoptosis. Furthermore, the current study verified that miR‑25 could directly target SUMO2 and regulate its expression via the p53 signaling pathway. Additionally, the effects of miR‑25 on NPCs were abrogated following SUMO2 overexpression. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR‑25 could promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of NPCs via targeting SUMO2, suggesting that miR‑25 may be a potential target in the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbin Lei
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University (Clinical College), Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Heavy Metal Pollution and Cancer Prevention Technology Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University (Clinical College), Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China
| | - Guang Tang
- Department of Heavy Metal Pollution and Cancer Prevention Technology Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University (Clinical College), Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China
| | - Jiong Wang
- Department of Heavy Metal Pollution and Cancer Prevention Technology Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University (Clinical College), Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China
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Hub Genes and Key Pathways of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Bioinformatics Analysis and Validation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5340449. [PMID: 34545328 PMCID: PMC8449732 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5340449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective To identify significant pathways and genes in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) based on bioinformatics analysis. Design The GEO database was used to download the GSE124272 dataset. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using Limma package in R language. Then, gene ontologies (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were used to further identify hub genes. The mRNA expression levels of top six hub genes were verified. Results We found 563 DEGs, of which 214 were upregulated and 349 were downregulated. The top 5 GO terms and pathways were shown including immune response, cell cycle, and p53 pathway. Based on the PPI analysis, we verified the mRNA expression levels of 6 hub genes. The mRNA levels of CHEK1, CDCA2, SKA3, and KIF20A were upregulated in degenerative NP tissue than in healthy NP tissue. However, the mRNA level of BUB1 and SPC25 was downregulated. Conclusions This study may provide new biomarkers for the IDD and treatments to repair IDD related to CHEK1, CDCA2, SKA3, BUB1, KIF20A, and SPC25.
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Abstract
SUMOylation dynamically conjugates SUMO molecules to the lysine residue of a substrate protein, which depends on the physiological state of the cell and the attached SUMO isoforms. A prominent role of SUMOylation in molecular pathways is to govern the cellular death process. Herein, we summarize the association between SUMOylation modification events and four types of cellular death processes: apoptosis, autophagy, senescence and pyroptosis. SUMOylation positively or negatively regulates a certain cellular death pattern depending on specific conditions including the attached SUMO isoforms, disease types, substrate proteins and cell context. Moreover, we also discuss the possible role of SUMOylation in ferroptosis and propose a potential role of the SUMOylated GPX4 in the regulation of ferroptosis. Mapping the exact SUMOylation network with cellular death contributes to develop novel SUMOylation-targeting disease therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
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Zhang K, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhu L. Upregulation of P53 promotes nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis in intervertebral disc degeneration through upregulating NDRG2. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1966-1975. [PMID: 34051015 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
P53 is an apoptosis marker which is involved in determining nucleus pulposus (NP) cell fate. Little is known about P53 interaction with N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Here, we studied the role of the P53-NDRG2 axis in IVDD. We found that NDRG2 was expressed in NP tissue obtained from patients with IVDD. The level of NDRG2 was positively related to the severity of IVDD, as determined by Pfirrmann grading. Subsequently, we overexpressed NDRG2 in human NP cells by adenoviral transfection and studied the effects of increased levels of NDRG2 on the viability and apoptosis of these cells. NDRG2 overexpression induced NP cell apoptosis and reduced viability in NP cells obtained from patient with IVDD. We also found that the level of P53 was elevated in NP cells from patients with IVDD and treatment with exogenous P53 upregulated NDRG2 in NP cells. Last, IVDD model was established in P53 knockout mice and the pathological changes in the intervertebral discs and NDRG2 expression were examined. P53 knockout can reduce the damage of NP tissues after IVDD surgery to some extent. Restoration of NDRG2 antagonized the effect of P53 knockout on IVDD. Collectively, this study suggests that elevated P53 in NP cells stimulates apoptosis of the cells by upregulating NDRG2 expression, thereby exacerbating IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fuyang Orthopaedics and Traumatology Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanbin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fuyang Orthopaedics and Traumatology Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fuyang Orthopaedics and Traumatology Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Limin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fuyang Orthopaedics and Traumatology Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang H, Wang G, Liu J, Lin M, Chen J, Fang Y, Li Y, Cai W, Zhan D. LncRNA JPX regulates proliferation and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells by targeting the miR-18a-5p/HIF-1α/Hippo-YAP pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:16-23. [PMID: 34111667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
With the aggravation of global aging, the rapid rise in the obesity rate, and the increasing number of patients with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), the principles and mechanism of this disease remain unclear. This study explored the molecular mechanism of IDD treatment through interactions of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA-signaling pathways and the effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of human nucleus pulposus cells (HNPCs) cultured in vitro. Our study revealed that lncRNA JPX is expressed at low levels in HNPCs under normoxic conditions. Luciferase and RNA pull-down assays were used to verify that lncRNA JPX directly bound to miR-18a-5p and influenced HNPC proliferation and apoptosis. Subsequently, a luciferase assay confirmed the direct binding of miR-18a-5p to HIF-1α and demonstrated a negative correlation between miR-18a-5p and HIF-1α. In addition, the HIF-1α antagonist reversed the inhibition of the Hippo-YAP pathway by the miR-18a-5p inhibitor. In conclusion, overexpression of lncRNA JPX upregulated HIF-1α by inhibiting the expression of miR-18a-5p, thereby inhibiting the Hippo-YAP pathway. By inhibiting this pathway, JPX overexpression promoted the proliferation of HNPCs and decreased their apoptosis. Therefore, the lncRNA JPX is a potential new target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Yang
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Mingxia Lin
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Jian Chen
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Yehan Fang
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Yibo Li
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Wentao Cai
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China
| | - Daolu Zhan
- Departments of Spine Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Xiuying, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China.
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Sun Y, Wang X, Fu G, Geng X. MicroRNA-199a-5p accelerates nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD by inhibiting SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p21. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:634-645. [PMID: 33981481 PMCID: PMC8076653 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a multifactorial pathological process associated with low back pain in which nucleus pulposus cell senescence is disrupted. Increasing evidence reveals that IVDD can be modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). In the current study, we set out to elucidate the role of miR-199a-5p in nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD progression. After sample collection, we found highly expressed miR-199a-5p in nucleus pulposus tissues of both patients diagnosed with IVDD and in IVDD rat models. Next, normal and degenerated nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and transfected with miR-199a-5p mimic, miR-199a-5p inhibitor, overexpressed sirtuin 1 (oe-SIRT1), and oe-p21, followed by detection of nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and proliferation. In addition, the binding of miR-199a-5p and SIRT1, the interaction between p21 and SIRT1, and the regulation of p21 acetylation by SIRT1 were analyzed. We found that miR-199a-5p overexpression promoted nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD. Overexpression of SIRT1 countered the effect of miR-199a-5p overexpression, while overexpression of p21 reversed the effect of miR-199a-5p silencing. Also, miR-199a-5p inhibited SIRT1, promoted p21 acetylation, and upregulated p21 expression, thus accelerating nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD. Overall, miR-199a-5p promotes nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and IVDD by suppressing SIRT1-dependent deacetylation of p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Sun
- Department of Spine, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Health Management Center, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou 256613, P.R. China
| | - Guoyong Fu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Geng
- Department of Spine, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Qu Z, Zhuang X, Song Q, Leng J, Liu Y. MicroRNA-140-3p alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via KLF5/N-cadherin/MDM2/Slug axis. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2247-2260. [PMID: 33904383 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1898176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with healing or deteriorating degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues in spinal cord diseases, including intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD represents a chronic process of extracellular matrix destruction, but the relevant molecular mechanisms implicated in the regenerative effects of miRNAs are unclear. Here, we investigated the regenerative effects of microRNA-140 (miR-140-3p) in an IDD model induced by annulus needle puncture. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify regulatory factors (KLF5/N-cadherin/MDM2/Slug) linked to miR-140-3p effects in IDD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were extracted from degenerated IVD nucleus pulposus (NP), and the expression of miR-140-3p/KLF5/N-cadherin/MDM2/Slug was manipulated to explore their effects on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and differentiation. The results showed that miR-140-3p was under-expressed in the degenerated IVD NP, whereas its overexpression alleviated IDD. Mechanistic studies suggested that miR-140-3p targeted KLF5 expression, and high KLF5 expression impeded the migration and differentiation of MSCs. In degenerated IVD NP-derived MSCs, MiR-140-3p-mediated KLF5 downregulation simultaneously elevated N-cadherin expression and transcriptionally inhibited MDM2, thus upregulating Slug expression. The experimental data indicated that miR-140-3p enhanced the proliferation, migration and differentiation of degenerated IVD NP-derived MSCs and repressed their apoptosis. The in vivo validation experiment also demonstrated that miR-140-3p inhibited IDD by modulating the KLF5/N-cadherin/MDM2/Slug axis. Collectively, our results uncovered the regenerative role of miR-140-3p in IDD via regulation of the KLF5/N-cadherin/MDM2/Slug axis, which could be a potential therapeutic target for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Qu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xinming Zhuang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Leng
- Department of Hospice, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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Li P, Jing H, Wang Y, Yuan L, Xiao H, Zheng Q. SUMO modification in apoptosis. J Mol Histol 2020; 52:1-10. [PMID: 33225418 PMCID: PMC7790789 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and clearance of dead cells is highly evolutionarily conserved from nematode to humans, which is crucial to the growth and development of multicellular organism. Fail to remove apoptotic cells often lead to homeostasis imbalance, fatal autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs) modification is a post-translational modification of ubiquitin proteins mediated by the sentrin-specific proteases (SENPs) family. SUMO modification is widely involved in many cellular biological process, and abnormal SUMO modification is also closely related to many major human diseases. Recent researches have revealed that SUMO modification event occurs during apoptosis and clearance of apoptotic cells, and plays an important role in the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways. This review summarizes some recent progress in the revelation of regulatory mechanisms of these pathways and provides some potential researching hotpots of the SUMO modification regulation to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huiru Jing
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in the Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Kong D, Gu R, Zhang C, Yin R. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0059955 Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Inhibiting Itchy E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:3951-3963. [PMID: 33061300 PMCID: PMC7526870 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s253293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in the progression of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD). Using bioinformatics analysis, we have found that the expression of circRNA hsa_circ_0059955 was significantly downregulated in IVDD tissues. However, the relevant mechanism of hsa_circ_0059955 in the progression of IVDD remains unclear. Methods CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of ITCH, p73, CDK2 in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Moreover, a puncture-induced IVDD rat model was established to explore the role of hsa_circ_0059955 in IVDD. Results The level of hsa_circ_0059955 was significantly decreased in IVDD tissues from IVDD patients. Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) is the host gene of hsa_circ_0059955, and downregulation of hsa_circ_0059955 significantly decreased the expression of ITCH in NP cells. In addition, downregulation of hsa_circ_0059955 markedly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in NP cells. Moreover, in vivo study illustrated that overexpression of hsa_circ_0059955 ameliorated IVDD in rats. Conclusion Downregulation of hsa_circ_0059955 could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in NP cells in vitro, while overexpression of hsa_circ_0059955 attenuated the IVDD in a puncture-induced rat model in vivo. Therefore, hsa_circ_0059955 might serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daliang Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruofeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130031, People's Republic of China
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Zhou J, Zhao H, Huang Z, Ye X, Zhang L, Li Q, Zhao Z, Su X, Liu G, Du J. Differential transcriptomic analysis of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) from a rice coculture system challenged by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 36:100741. [PMID: 32919192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rice-crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) coculture is an effective farming mode and has been promoted in various regions of China. However, infection in crayfish can be a significant economic drain. We found crayfish infected with Vibrio parahemolyticus (VP), and to understand the molecular mechanisms of the immune responses of crayfish to VP infection, Illumina sequencing was employed to identify changes in the mRNA of hepatopancreatic tissue. A total of 47.30 and 43.01million high-quality transcriptome reads were generated from the hepatopancreatic samples of the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG), respectively. We found 5559 genes were significantly differentially expressed, including 2521 up-regulated genes (45.35%) and 3038 down-regulated genes (54.65%). These genes were enriched in 126 GO terms and 76 KEGG pathways (P ≤ 0.05), including the MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and cell adhesion molecules, with 23 up-regulated genes and 3 down-regulated genes related to immune responses in the EG relative to the CG. Histopathological analysis revealed that the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreatic tubules in the EG were severely atrophic, necrotic, and exfoliated, resulting in thin and collapsing hepatopancreatic tubules. The expression patterns of 8 differentially expressed genes involved in immune responses were validated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. These results provide a valuable basis for the immune responses of crayfish to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease at transcriptome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianlin Ye
- Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongmeng Zhao
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - XuTao Su
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - GuangXun Liu
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Du
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China.
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Xu Q, Xing H, Wu J, Chen W, Zhang N. miRNA-141 Induced Pyroptosis in Intervertebral Disk Degeneration by Targeting ROS Generation and Activating TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling in Nucleus Pulpous Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:871. [PMID: 32984347 PMCID: PMC7487322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and mechanism of pyroptosis in intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration are unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the viability and function of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in IVDs and are related to pyroptosis. We performed microarray analyses of normal and degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP) to assess the role of pyroptosis and identify key miRNAs in IVD degeneration. We also evaluated the underlying mechanism of miRNA-mediated pyroptosis in NPCs. In addition, we demonstrated the preventative effects of miRNAs on IVD degeneration in a rat model. The levels of the pyroptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-1, N-terminal gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in the degenerative NP were significantly higher than those in the normal NP. miRNA-141 was significantly upregulated in the degenerated NP. miR-141 mimic suppressed the matrix synthesis function of NPCs. By contrast, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 were significantly downregulated by an miR-141 inhibitor. Furthermore, the miRNA-141 inhibitor prevented the degeneration of IVDs in vivo. Our findings suggest that miRNA-141 induces pyroptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism in NPCs by increasing ROS generation and activating TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling. miRNA-141-regulated pyroptosis may be a novel therapeutic target for IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Cixi, Cixi, China
| | - Hongyuan Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weishan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Chen J, Bian X, Li Y, Xiao X, Yin Y, Du X, Wang C, Li L, Bai Y, Liu X. Moderate hypothermia induces protection against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by enhancing SUMOylation in cardiomyocytes. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2617-2626. [PMID: 32945433 PMCID: PMC7453665 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate hypothermia plays a major role in myocardial cell death as a result of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. However, few studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms of hypothermic cardioprotection. Several responses to stress and other cell functions are regulated by post-translational protein modifications controlled by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO). Previous studies have established that high SUMOylation of proteins potentiates the ability of cells to withstand hypoxic-ischemic stress. The level to which moderate hypothermia affects SUMOylation is not fully understood, as the functions of SUMOylation in the heart have not been studied in depth. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of moderate hypothermia (33°C) on the protective functions of SUMOylation on myocardial cells. HL-1 and H9c2 cells were treated with the hypoxia-mimetic chemical CoCl2 and complete medium to simulate H/R injury. Hypothermia intervention was then administered. A Cell Counting kit-8 assay was used to analyze cell viability. Mitochondrial membrane potential and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were used as functional indexes of mitochondria dysfunction. Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression levels were analyzed by western blotting. The present results suggested that moderate hypothermia significantly increased SUMO1 and Bcl-2 expression levels, as well as the mitochondrial membrane potential, but significantly decreased the expression levels of caspase-3 and mitochondrial ROS. Thus, moderate hypothermia may enhance SUMOylation and attenuate myocardial H/R injury. Moreover, a combination of SUMOylation and moderate hypothermia may be a potential cardiovascular intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Chen
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Xiyun Bian
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Yanying Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Cuancuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yaowu Bai
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Li X, Kong X, Jin H, Han Y, Xie Y. Effects of the NF‑κB/p53 signaling pathway on intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus degeneration. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1821-1830. [PMID: 32705171 PMCID: PMC7411364 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is increasing, especially among elderly individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the NF-κB/p53 signaling pathway on IDD and its regulatory effect on associated cytokines. In the present study, human nucleus pulposus cells were isolated from patients with thoracic-lumbar fractures and patients with IDD to observe cellular morphology and detect phosphorylated (p)-p65/p53 expression levels. The locality and expression levels of p65 in interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated nucleus pulposus cells, with or without the addition of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC; a NF-κB signaling pathway-specific blocker), were measured. Furthermore, the effects of IL-1β stimulation on the protein and gene expression levels of IDD-related cytokines were determined following p53 knockdown and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The results suggested that p-p65 and p53 expression was significantly increased in IDD cells compared with normal nucleus pulposus cells. Moreover, nucleus pulposus cells isolated from patients with IDD contained less cytoplasm compared with normal nucleus pulposus cells, and p65 expression levels were higher in the cytoplasm than the nucleus of IL-1β-stimulated PDTC-treated healthy nucleus pulposus cells. Moreover, the p53 expression levels were significantly decreased following transfection with sip53. PDTC treatment and p53 knockdown significantly decreased matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, metallopeptidases with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS)-4 and ADAMTS-5 expression levels, and increased aggrecan and collagen type II expression levels in IL-1β-stimulated cells. The present study indicated that activation of the NF-κB/p53 signaling pathway might be related to the occurrence of IDD; therefore, the NF-κB/p53 signaling pathway may serve as a therapeutic target for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Kong
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Yaoqi Han
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhong Xie
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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14
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Ge J, Cheng X, Yuan C, Qian J, Wu C, Cao C, Yang H, Zhou F, Zou J. Syndecan-4 is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Suppressing JNK/p53 Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:766-776. [PMID: 32071547 PMCID: PMC7019137 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-4 is a member of the polysaccharide syndecan family and plays a vital role in intervertebral disc development. Several studies have demonstrated the positive relationship between syndecan-4 expression and intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the detailed molecular mechanism by which syndecan-4 affects the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) remains unclear. In this study, cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay, mRNA level was determined by qPCR, and protein expression was determined by western blot. Molecular interaction was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. A rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration model was established to test for syndecan in vivo. We found that the morphology and viability of NPCs were not affected by the expression of syndecan-4 in the long term. While the NPC function were affected, which results in the degeneration of intervertebral disc. Syndecan-4 overexpression promoted the degeneration of NPCs. Syndecan-4 also activated the JNK signaling pathway and downstream p53 pathways, and promoted degeneration. Inhibition of the JNK pathway, which down-regulated p53 expression, alleviated the degeneration. In an in vivo study, syndecan-4 siRNA injection stopped the development of rabbit disc degeneration, and even created a reverse effect, in which JNK/p53 played a role. Syndecan-4 may be a novel therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration via suppressing the JNK/p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Chenxi Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jiale Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Chunshen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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15
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Liu C, Yang M, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Huang C, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li C, Huang B, Feng C, Zhou Y. Molecular basis of degenerative spinal disorders from a proteomic perspective (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:9-19. [PMID: 31746390 PMCID: PMC6896343 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) are major causes of degenerative spinal disorders. Comparative and proteomic analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in IDD and LFH discs compared with normal discs. Subsequent gene ontology term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of the DEPs in human IDD discs or LFH samples were performed to identify the biological processes and signaling pathways involved in IDD and LFH. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, advanced glycation endproducts-receptor for advanced glycation endproducts signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and transforming growth factor-b signaling pathway were activated in disc degeneration. This review summarizes the recently identified DEPs, including prolargin, fibronectin 1, cartilage intermediate layer protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, and collagen types I, II and IV, and their pathophysiological roles in degenerative spinal disorders, and may provide a deeper understanding of the pathological processes of human generative spinal disorders. The present review aimed to summarize significantly changed proteins in degenerative spinal disorders and provide a deeper understanding to prevent these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Southwestern Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Haiyin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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16
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Zhan S, Wang K, Xiang Q, Song Y, Li S, Liang H, Luo R, Wang B, Liao Z, Zhang Y, Yang C. lncRNA HOTAIR upregulates autophagy to promote apoptosis and senescence of nucleus pulposus cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2195-2208. [PMID: 31478571 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengfeng Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Department of Orthopaedics Enshi Center Hospital Enshi China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hang Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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Wang S, Sun J, Yang H, Zou W, Zheng B, Chen Y, Guo Y, Shi J. Profiling and bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in human intervertebral disc degeneration. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:571-579. [PMID: 31056633 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional changes of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are considered to be the initiating factors of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), and the differentially expressed circRNAs in NP cells may play an important role in the process of IDD. To identify circular RNAs (circRNAs) associated with human IDD, we isolated the NP cells from human degenerated and non-degenerated intervertebral disc and identified NP cells by microscopy and cell proliferation. CircRNA microarray expression profiles were obtained from NP cells of degenerated and non-degenerated intervertebral disc and further validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression data were analyzed by bioinformatics. Microarray analysis identified 7294 circRNAs differentially expressed in degenerated human IDD NP cells. Among them, 3724 circRNAs were up-regulated and 3570 circRNAs were down-regulated by more than 2 folds. After validating by qRT-PCR, we predicted the possible miRNAs of the top dysregulated circRNAs using TargetScan, and miRanda. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the most modulated circRNAs regulate the viability, degradation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in NP cells, and the possible mechanism underlying IDD was discussed. These results revealed that circRNAs may play a role in IDD and might be a promising candidate molecular target for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunmin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingchuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haisong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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