Association of IL-6 -174G>C (rs1800795) polymorphism with cervical cancer susceptibility

High plasma interleukin-6 level, but not IL-6 gene variants, as a predictive marker for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Moroccan population

Chronic inflammation triggered by hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses elevates interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, activating pathways that cause liver damage and contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In this study, we assessed IL-6 levels and explored the correlation between the rs1800795 and rs1800797 variants of the IL-6 gene and the risk of developing HCC. We conducted a case-control study involving 314 participants. Among them, 157 were HCC patients (94 anti-HCV, 22 HBsAg and 41 metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease [MASLD]) and 157 controls. Genotyping for IL-6 rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, plasma IL-6 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-6 levels were notably higher in patients compared to controls (p < .0001). Among HCC patients, those with MASLD exhibited higher plasma IL-6 levels than those with HCV and HBV (p = .003). In male HCC patients, IL-6 levels were significantly elevated compared to controls (p < .0001). Similarly, female patients showed significantly higher IL-6 levels compared to female controls, though still lower than in male HCC patients (p = .023). However, no significant difference was observed in IL-6 levels between male and female HCC patients (p = .129). Contrastingly, the genotype and allele distributions of the rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene displayed no association with HCC development (all p > .05). In Moroccan HCC patients, chronic liver inflammation is characterized by elevated levels of IL-6, potentially playing a role in the progression of liver disease and tumourigenesis.

Polymorphisms of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene contribute to cervical cancer susceptibility in Bangladeshi women: A case-control study

Background and Aims

Cervical cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth in the lining of cervix and it is the second major cause of cancer-related deaths among females in Bangladesh. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that has been heavily linked with cervical cancer. Our aim was to investigate the association of two promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-6 (rs1800795 and rs1800797) with the susceptibility of cervical cancer in Bangladeshi women.

Methods

DNA was extracted from venous blood samples from cervical cancer patients (n = 126) and healthy controls (n = 120). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for genotyping of the selected SNPs. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p values.

Results

We found a significant association between rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms and cervical cancer. For, rs1800795 (G > C) the GC heterozygous genotype (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.55-5.07, p = 0.0007) and CC mutant homozygous genotype (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.29-9.51, p = 0.014) conferred an increased risk of cervical cancer. In case of rs1800797 (G > A) polymorphism, the AG heterozygous genotype (OR = 6.94, 95% CI = 3.76-12.81, p < 0.0001) and AA mutant homozygous genotype (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.12-13.51, p = 0.0332) also exhibited an elevated risk of cervical cancer. Use of contraceptives was found as risk factor and patients who smoke were carriers of both the risk alleles and thus had an increased risk of cervical cancer.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that polymorphism of rs1800795 and rs1800797 of the IL-6 gene play a significant role in cervical cancer susceptibility in Bangladeshi women.

Interleukin 10 rs1800896 and interleukin 1B rs16944 polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between interleukin 10 (IL10) (rs1800896) and interleukin 1B (IL1B) (rs16944) genetic polymorphisms and the risk for cervical cancer in a cohort of women from Croatia.

METHODS

A case-control study of 81 patients with cervical cancer and 80 age-matched healthy controls was performed. We collected peripheral blood samples, extracted deoxiribonucleic acid (DNA), and analyzed two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1800896 and rs16944 using TaqMan assays (Fa. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We investigated a possible association between two cytokine genetic polymorphisms and the occurrence of cervical cancer.

RESULTS

Our results showed no significant difference in the frequency of IL10 (rs1800896) and IL1B (rs16944) genotypes between the patients and the controls (χ2 test, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

In this study, no association was found between IL10 rs1800896 and IL1B rs16944 polymorphisms and cervical cancer development.

An intron SNP rs2069837 in IL-6 is associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head development

Background

Genetic polymorphisms play a crucial role in the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study mainly explored the association of IL-6 variants and ONFH susceptibility among the Chinese Han population.

Methods

Two variants (rs2069837, and rs13306435) in the IL-6 gene were identified and genotyped from 566 patients with ONFH and 566 healthy controls. The associations between IL-6 polymorphisms and ONFH susceptibility were assessed using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) via logistic regression. The potential function of these two variants was predicted by the HaploReg online database.

Results

The results of the overall analysis revealed that IL-6 rs2069837 was correlated with decreased risk of ONFH among the Chinese Han population (p < 0.05). In stratified analysis, rs2069837 also reduced the susceptibility to ONFH in older people (> 51 years), males, nonsmokers, and nondrinkers (p < 0.05). However, no associations between rs13306435 and ONFH susceptibility were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

To sum up, we suggested that rs2069837 G>A polymorphism in the IL-6 gene was significantly associated with a decreased risk of ONFH among the Chinese Hans. These findings underscored the crucial role of IL-6 rs2069837 in the occurrence of ONFH.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-021-01142-3.

IL-6 597A/G (rs1800797) and 174G/C (rs1800795) Gene Polymorphisms in the Development of Cervical Cancer in Lithuanian Women

Our study aimed to evaluate the distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies of IL-6 597A/G (rs1800797) and 174G/C (rs1800795) polymorphisms in HPV infected and uninfected healthy women and cervical cancer patients. A PCR based Multiplex HPV genotyping test kit was used for in vitro detection and differentiation of high risk HPV genotypes. Genotyping of two polymorphisms, IL-6 597A/G (rs1800797) and 174G/C (rs1800795), was performed using the KASP genotyping assay kit. Cervical cancer patients were more likely to be HPV positive than control patients. Allele C of IL-6 rs1800795 was associated with a higher risk of cervical cancer by 2.26-fold and genotype CC by 5.37-fold. Genotype CC of IL-6 rs1800795 was more frequent in the HPV positive group compared with the HPV negative group (p = 0.002). Allele G of IL-6 rs1800797 was more frequently found in women with HPV16/HPV18 compared to other HPV types (p = 0.045). Women with AA genotypes of IL-6 rs1800797 were less frequently infected with HPV16/HPV18 compared to other HPV types (p = 0.045). The major finding of the study is the significant association of C allele and CC genotype of IL-6 1800795 gene with cervical cancer in the Lithuanian population. Genotype CC of IL-6 rs1800795 has a significant association with HPV infection as well.

Interleukin-6 gene -174G>C promoter polymorphism reduces the risk of periodontitis in Brazilian populations: A meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION

Periodontitis is a multifactorial host-mediated oral disease caused by microbes. Previous studies suggested that interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter polymorphism (-174G > C) are associated with the risk of periodontitis, although the results were inconclusive. This study investigated the association between IL-6 -174G > C polymorphism and susceptibility to periodontitis.

METHOD

A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to retrieve relevant studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association between 174G > C polymorphism and the risk of periodontitis. Cochrane Q and I² statistics were used to measure heterogeneity between studies. Publication bias was estimated using Begg's funnel plots and Egger's test.

RESULTS

Our results showed significant differences in the allelic (C vs. G: OR = 0.82, CI = 0.65-1.03), recessive (CC vs. GC + GG: OR = 0.69, CI = 0.42-1.13), and dominant (GC + CC vs. GG: OR = 0.85, CI = 0.63-1.13) genetic models of the IL6 -174G > C polymorphism and risk of periodontitis. Further, subgroup analysis showed decreased susceptibility to periodontitis associated with IL6 -174 G > C in a Brazilian population (C vs. G: OR = 0.60, CI = 0.41-0.88; GC + CC vs. GG: OR = 0.57, CI = 0.42-0.78) but not in Asian or Caucasian populations.

CONCLUSION

The findings of this study revealed that the IL6 -174 "C" allele is protective against periodontitis in the Brazilian population.

Association of IL-6 -174G>C and -572G>C Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Cervical Cancer and Ovarian Cancer

BACKGROUND

During the past decades, the expansion of molecular development has had a key role in understanding the basis of gynecological cancer. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of different cancers. Here, we evaluated the association of IL-6 -174G>C and -572 G>C polymorphisms with susceptibility to cervical and ovarian cancers in an Iranian population.

METHODS

A total of 131 cases with ovarian cancer, 124 cases with cervical cancer and 140 healthy subjects were enrolled to the study. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells of subjects to genotype the IL-6 -174G>C and -572 G>C polymorphisms by amplification refractory mutation system (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTS

There was a significant association of IL-6 -174G>C CC genotype (OR= 3.231, 95% CI: 1.130-9.239, p=0.029) and C allele (OR = 1.915; 95%CI: 1.266-2.896, p=0.002) with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Moreover, the IL-6 -174G>C CC genotype (OR= 3.162, 95% CI: 1.094-9.141, p=0.034) and C allele (OR = 1.724; 95%CI: 1.129-2.633, p=0.012) was associated with increased risk of cervical cancer.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that the IL-6 -174G>C polymorphism was associated with ovarian cancer and cervical cancer risk. However, IL-6 -572 G>C polymorphism was not associated.

Interleukin-6 -174 G/C polymorphism is associated with the risk of basal cell carcinoma in a Chinese Han population

To explore the association between the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism and the risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in a Chinese population, we performed a case-control study involving 265 BCC patients and 341 controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The data showed that the GG+CG and GG genotypes were associated with an increased risk of BCC. The G allele increased the risk of BCC. Moreover, stratified analyses indicated the risk was higher in males, smokers, drinkers, and those aged ≥ 60 years. Cross-over analysis confirmed that the combined effects of the GG or CG genotype and environmental factors (smoking and alcohol consumption) contribute to an increased risk of BCC. In addition, the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism was related to larger tumors and multiple lesions. These findings indicate that the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of BCC in a Chinese population. This locus is thus a potential diagnostic marker for predicting susceptibility to BCC.

Differential impact of interleukin-6 promoter gene polymorphism on hippocampal volume in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients

BACKGROUND

Differential susceptibility model hypothesizes that a genotype need not be unfavorable all the time as postulated in stress-diathesis model but can be beneficial in a supportive context. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs18000795) within the promoter region of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene was earlier noted to have a differential susceptibility on hippocampal volume in schizophrenia (SCZ).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We examined antipsychotic-naïve/free SCZ patients (n = 35) in comparison with healthy controls (n = 68). Hippocampus volumes were assessed in 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging using voxel-based morphometry. Region of interest analysis was done using hippocampus mask. IL-6 SNP (rs1800795) was genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay.

RESULTS

A significantly deficient right (T = 3.03; K _E= 392; P _SVC-FWE= 0.04) and left (T = 3.03; K _E= 47; P _uncorr= 0.03) hippocampal gray matter volumes were noted in SCZ patients after controlling for the potential confounding effects of age, sex, and total brain volume. There was a significant diagnosis x rs1800795 genotype interaction involving both left (T = 2.17, K _E= 95, P _uncorr= 0.02) and right (T = 1.82, K _E= 29, P _uncorr= 0.04) hippocampal volumes. Patients with GG (left: F =5.78; P = 0.02; right: F =6.21; P = 0.01) but not GC/CC genotype (left: F =0.89; P = 0.34; right: F <0.01; P = 0.95) had volume depletion.

CONCLUSION

A paradoxical smaller hippocampal volume with GG genotype was noted in SCZ. Further elucidation of its mechanistic basis might have translational implications.