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Yamashima T, Seike T, Mochly-Rosen D, Chen CH, Kikuchi M, Mizukoshi E. Implication of the cooking oil-peroxidation product "hydroxynonenal" for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1211141. [PMID: 37693644 PMCID: PMC10486274 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1211141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that reduces cell injuries via detoxification of lipid-peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (hydroxynonenal). It is generated exogenously via deep-frying of linoleic acid-rich cooking oils and/or endogenously via oxidation of fatty acids involved in biomembranes. Although its toxicity for human health is widely accepted, the underlying mechanism long remained unknown. In 1998, Yamashima et al. have formulated the "calpain-cathepsin hypothesis" as a molecular mechanism of ischemic neuronal death. Subsequently, they found that calpain cleaves Hsp70.1 which became vulnerable after the hydroxynonenal-induced carbonylation at the key site Arg469. Since it is the pivotal aberration that induces lysosomal membrane rupture, they suggested that neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease similarly occurs by chronic ischemia via the calpain-cathepsin cascade triggered by hydroxynonenal. For nearly three decades, amyloid β (Aβ) peptide was thought to be a root substance of Alzheimer's disease. However, because of both the insignificant correlations between Aβ depositions and occurrence of neuronal death or dementia, and the negative results of anti-Aβ medicines tested so far in the patients with Alzheimer's disease, the strength of the "amyloid cascade hypothesis" has been weakened. Recent works have suggested that hydroxynonenal is a mediator of programmed cell death not only in the brain, but also in the liver, pancreas, heart, etc. Increment of hydroxynonenal was considered an early event in the development of Alzheimer's disease. This review aims at suggesting ways out of the tunnel, focusing on the implication of hydroxynonenal in this disease. Herein, the mechanism of Alzheimer neuronal death is discussed by focusing on Hsp70.1 with a dual function as chaperone protein and lysosomal stabilizer. We suggest that Aβ is not a culprit of Alzheimer's disease, but merely a byproduct of autophagy/lysosomal failure resulting from hydroxynonenal-induced Hsp70.1 disorder. Enhancing ALDH2 activity to detoxify hydroxynonenal emerges as a promising strategy for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsumori Yamashima
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Seike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
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Tanaka T, Warner BM, Michael DG, Nakamura H, Odani T, Yin H, Atsumi T, Noguchi M, Chiorini JA. LAMP3 inhibits autophagy and contributes to cell death by lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Autophagy 2022; 18:1629-1647. [PMID: 34802379 PMCID: PMC9298453 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1995150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS A253-control: A253 control for LAMP3 stable overexpression; A253- LAMP3: A253 LAPM3 stable overexpression; CASP1: caspase 1; CASP3: caspase 3; CHX: cycloheximide; CTSB: cathepsin B; CTSD: cathepsin D; CQ: chloroquine; DCs: dendritic cells; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; LGALS3: galectin 3; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HSG-control: HSG control for LAMP3 stable overexpression; HSG-LAMP3: HSG LAMP3 stable overexpression; HSP: heat shock protein; HTLV-1: human T-lymphocyte leukemia virus-1; IXA: ixazomib; LAMP: lysosomal associated membrane protein; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; mAb: monoclonal antibody; OE: overexpression; pepA: pepstatin A; pAb: polyclonal antibody; pSS: primary Sjögren syndrome; qRT-PCR: quantitative real- time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SS: Sjögren syndrome; UPR: unfolded protein response; V-ATPase: vacuolar-type proton- translocating ATPase; Y-VAD: Ac-YVAD-cmk; Z-DEVD; Z-DEVD-fmk; Z-VAD: Z-VAD- fmk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Tanaka
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blake M. Warner
- Salivary Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Drew G. Michael
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshio Odani
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongen Yin
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - John A. Chiorini
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Calvaresi V, Truelsen LT, Larsen SB, Petersen NHT, Kirkegaard T, Rand KD. Conformational dynamics of free and membrane-bound human Hsp70 in model cytosolic and endo-lysosomal environments. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1369. [PMID: 34876699 PMCID: PMC8651726 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of the major stress-inducible human 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) to the anionic phospholipid bis-(monoacylglycero)-phosphate (BMP) in the lysosomal membrane is crucial for its impact on cellular pathology in lysosomal storage disorders. However, the conformational features of this protein-lipid complex remain unclear. Here, we apply hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to describe the dynamics of the full-length Hsp70 in the cytosol and its conformational changes upon translocation into lysosomes. Using wild-type and W90F mutant proteins, we also map and discriminate the interaction of Hsp70 with BMP and other lipid components of the lysosomal membrane. We identify the N-terminal of the nucleotide binding domain (residues 87-118) as the primary orchestrator of BMP interaction. We show that the conformation of this domain is significantly reorganized in the W90F mutant, explaining its inability to stabilize lysosomal membranes. Overall, our results reveal important new molecular details of the protective effect of Hsp70 in lysosomal storage diseases, which, in turn, could guide future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calvaresi
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Line T. Truelsen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Sidsel B. Larsen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kasper D. Rand
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XProtein Analysis Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
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4
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Fernández-Pereira C, San Millán-Tejado B, Gallardo-Gómez M, Pérez-Márquez T, Alves-Villar M, Melcón-Crespo C, Fernández-Martín J, Ortolano S. Therapeutic Approaches in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121775. [PMID: 34944420 PMCID: PMC8698519 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal Storage Diseases are multisystemic disorders determined by genetic variants, which affect the proteins involved in lysosomal function and cellular metabolism. Different therapeutic approaches, which are based on the physiologic mechanisms that regulate lysosomal function, have been proposed for these diseases. Currently, enzyme replacement therapy, gene therapy, or small molecules have been approved or are under clinical development to treat lysosomal storage disorders. The present article reviews the main therapeutic strategies that have been proposed so far, highlighting possible limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Pereira
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
| | - Beatriz San Millán-Tejado
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
| | - María Gallardo-Gómez
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
| | - Tania Pérez-Márquez
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
| | - Marta Alves-Villar
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
| | - Cristina Melcón-Crespo
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Julián Fernández-Martín
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Saida Ortolano
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain; (C.F.-P.); (B.S.M.-T.); (M.G.-G.); (T.P.-M.); (M.A.-V.); (C.M.-C.); (J.F.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-986217466
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Yamashima T, Ota T, Mizukoshi E, Nakamura H, Yamamoto Y, Kikuchi M, Yamashita T, Kaneko S. Intake of ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Vegetable Oils and Risk of Lifestyle Diseases. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1489-1509. [PMID: 32623461 PMCID: PMC7666899 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although excessive consumption of deep-fried foods is regarded as 1 of the most important epidemiological factors of lifestyle diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, the exact mechanism remains unknown. This review aims to discuss whether heated cooking oil-derived peroxidation products cause cell degeneration/death for the occurrence of lifestyle diseases. Deep-fried foods cooked in ω-6 PUFA-rich vegetable oils such as rapeseed (canola), soybean, sunflower, and corn oils, already contain or intrinsically generate "hydroxynonenal" by peroxidation. As demonstrated previously, hydroxynonenal promotes carbonylation of heat-shock protein 70.1 (Hsp70.1), with the resultant impaired ability of cells to recycle damaged proteins and stabilize the lysosomal membrane. Until now, the implication of lysosomal/autophagy failure due to the daily consumption of ω-6 PUFA-rich vegetable oils in the progression of cell degeneration/death has not been reported. Since the "calpain-cathepsin hypothesis" was formulated as a cause of ischemic neuronal death in 1998, its relevance to Alzheimer's neuronal death has been suggested with particular attention to hydroxynonenal. However, its relevance to cell death of the hypothalamus, liver, and pancreas, especially related to appetite/energy control, is unknown. The hypothalamus senses information from both adipocyte-derived leptin and circulating free fatty acids. Concentrations of circulating fatty acid and its oxidized form, especially hydroxynonenal, are increased in obese and/or aged subjects. As overactivation of the fatty acid receptor G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) in response to excessive or oxidized fatty acids in these subjects may lead to the disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis, it should be evaluated whether GPR40 overactivation contributes to diverse cell death. Here, we describe the molecular implication of ω-6 PUFA-rich vegetable oil-derived hydroxynonenal in lysosomal destabilization leading to cell death. By oxidizing Hsp70.1, both the dietary PUFA- (exogenous) and the membrane phospholipid- (intrinsic) peroxidation product "hydroxynonenal," when combined, may play crucial roles in the occurrence of diverse lifestyle diseases including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
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6
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Paron F, Dardis A, Buratti E. Pre-mRNA splicing defects and RNA binding protein involvement in Niemann Pick type C disease. J Biotechnol 2020; 318:20-30. [PMID: 32387451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder due to mutations in NPC1 (95 % cases) or NPC2 genes, encoding NPC1 and NPC2 proteins, respectively. Both NPC1 and NPC2 proteins are involved in transport of intracellular cholesterol and their alteration leads to the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and other lipids within the lysosomes. The disease is characterized by visceral, neurological and psychiatric symptoms. However, the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to the fatal neurodegeneration are still unclear. To date, several mutations leading to the generation of aberrant splicing variants or mRNA degradation in NPC1 and NPC2 genes have been reported. In addition, different lines of experimental evidence have highlighted the possible role of RNA-binding proteins and RNA-metabolism, in the onset and progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, that could explain NPC neurological features and in general, the disease pathogenesis. In this review, we will provide an overview of the impact of mRNA processing and metabolism on NPC disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paron
- Molecular Pathology, International Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Andrea Dardis
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- Molecular Pathology, International Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy.
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Hsp70 interactions with membrane lipids regulate cellular functions in health and disease. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:18-30. [PMID: 30710597 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beyond guarding the cellular proteome the major stress inducible heat shock protein Hsp70 has been shown to interact with lipids. Non-cytosolic Hsp70 stabilizes membranes during stress challenges and, in pathophysiological states, facilitates endocytosis, counteracts apoptotic mechanisms, sustains survival pathways or represents a signal that can be recognized by the immune system. Disease-coupled lipid-associated functions of Hsp70 may be targeted via distinct subcellular localizations of Hsp70 itself or its specific interacting lipids. With a special focus on interacting lipids, here we discuss localization-dependent roles of the membrane-bound Hsp70 in the context of its therapeutic potential, particularly in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Platt FM, d'Azzo A, Davidson BL, Neufeld EF, Tifft CJ. Lysosomal storage diseases. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018. [PMID: 30275469 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-018-0025-4]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of over 70 diseases that are characterized by lysosomal dysfunction, most of which are inherited as autosomal recessive traits. These disorders are individually rare but collectively affect 1 in 5,000 live births. LSDs typically present in infancy and childhood, although adult-onset forms also occur. Most LSDs have a progressive neurodegenerative clinical course, although symptoms in other organ systems are frequent. LSD-associated genes encode different lysosomal proteins, including lysosomal enzymes and lysosomal membrane proteins. The lysosome is the key cellular hub for macromolecule catabolism, recycling and signalling, and defects that impair any of these functions cause the accumulation of undigested or partially digested macromolecules in lysosomes (that is, 'storage') or impair the transport of molecules, which can result in cellular damage. Consequently, the cellular pathogenesis of these diseases is complex and is currently incompletely understood. Several LSDs can be treated with approved, disease-specific therapies that are mostly based on enzyme replacement. However, small-molecule therapies, including substrate reduction and chaperone therapies, have also been developed and are approved for some LSDs, whereas gene therapy and genome editing are at advanced preclinical stages and, for a few disorders, have already progressed to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Beverly L Davidson
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth F Neufeld
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia J Tifft
- Office of the Clinical Director and Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of over 70 diseases that are characterized by lysosomal dysfunction, most of which are inherited as autosomal recessive traits. These disorders are individually rare but collectively affect 1 in 5,000 live births. LSDs typically present in infancy and childhood, although adult-onset forms also occur. Most LSDs have a progressive neurodegenerative clinical course, although symptoms in other organ systems are frequent. LSD-associated genes encode different lysosomal proteins, including lysosomal enzymes and lysosomal membrane proteins. The lysosome is the key cellular hub for macromolecule catabolism, recycling and signalling, and defects that impair any of these functions cause the accumulation of undigested or partially digested macromolecules in lysosomes (that is, 'storage') or impair the transport of molecules, which can result in cellular damage. Consequently, the cellular pathogenesis of these diseases is complex and is currently incompletely understood. Several LSDs can be treated with approved, disease-specific therapies that are mostly based on enzyme replacement. However, small-molecule therapies, including substrate reduction and chaperone therapies, have also been developed and are approved for some LSDs, whereas gene therapy and genome editing are at advanced preclinical stages and, for a few disorders, have already progressed to the clinic.
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10
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Wang F, Gómez-Sintes R, Boya P. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death. Traffic 2018; 19:918-931. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Wang
- Unit Biotechnology and Cell Signaling/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg; Illkirch France
| | - Raquel Gómez-Sintes
- Departament of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Patricia Boya
- Departament of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC; Madrid Spain
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11
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Kirkegaard T, Gray J, Priestman DA, Wallom KL, Atkins J, Olsen OD, Klein A, Drndarski S, Petersen NHT, Ingemann L, Smith DA, Morris L, Bornæs C, Jørgensen SH, Williams I, Hinsby A, Arenz C, Begley D, Jäättelä M, Platt FM. Heat shock protein-based therapy as a potential candidate for treating the sphingolipidoses. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:355ra118. [PMID: 27605553 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad9823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) often manifest with severe systemic and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. The existing treatment options are limited and have no or only modest efficacy against neurological manifestations of disease. We demonstrate that recombinant human heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) improves the binding of several sphingolipid-degrading enzymes to their essential cofactor bis(monoacyl)glycerophosphate in vitro. HSP70 treatment reversed lysosomal pathology in primary fibroblasts from 14 patients with eight different LSDs. HSP70 penetrated effectively into murine tissues including the CNS and inhibited glycosphingolipid accumulation in murine models of Fabry disease (Gla(-/-)), Sandhoff disease (Hexb(-/-)), and Niemann-Pick disease type C (Npc1(-/-)) and attenuated a wide spectrum of disease-associated neurological symptoms in Hexb(-/-) and Npc1(-/-) mice. Oral administration of arimoclomol, a small-molecule coinducer of HSPs that is currently in clinical trials for Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC), recapitulated the effects of recombinant human HSP70, suggesting that heat shock protein-based therapies merit clinical evaluation for treating LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | | | - Jennifer Atkins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Ole Dines Olsen
- Orphazyme ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark. Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling, and Metabolism, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Klein
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - David A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Lauren Morris
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | | | - Ian Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Begley
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling, and Metabolism, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
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12
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Platt FM. Emptying the stores: lysosomal diseases and therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 17:133-150. [PMID: 29147032 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2017.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) - designated as 'orphan' diseases - are inborn errors of metabolism caused by defects in genes that encode proteins involved in various aspects of lysosomal homeostasis. For many years, LSDs were viewed as unattractive targets for the development of therapies owing to their low prevalence. However, the development and success of the first commercial biologic therapy for an LSD - enzyme replacement therapy for type 1 Gaucher disease - coupled with regulatory incentives rapidly catalysed commercial interest in therapeutically targeting LSDs. Despite ongoing challenges, various therapeutic strategies for LSDs now exist, with many agents approved, undergoing clinical trials or in preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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13
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Can 'calpain-cathepsin hypothesis' explain Alzheimer neuronal death? Ageing Res Rev 2016; 32:169-179. [PMID: 27306474 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurons are highly specialized post-mitotic cells, so their homeostasis and survival depend on the tightly-regulated, continuous protein degradation, synthesis, and turnover. In neurons, autophagy is indispensable to facilitate recycling of long-lived, damaged proteins and organelles in a lysosome-dependent manner. Since lysosomal proteolysis under basal conditions performs an essential housekeeping function, inhibition of the proteolysis exacerbates level of neurodegeneration. The latter is characterized by an accumulation of abnormal proteins or organelles within autophagic vacuoles which reveal as 'granulo-vacuolar degenerations' on microscopy. Heat-shock protein70.1 (Hsp70.1), as a means of molecular chaperone and lysosomal stabilizer, is a potent survival protein that confers neuroprotection against diverse stimuli, but its depletion induces neurodegeneration via autophagy failure. In response to hydroxynonenal generated from linoleic or arachidonic acids by the reactive oxygen species, a specific oxidative injury 'carbonylation' occurs at the key site Arg469 of Hsp70.1. Oxidative stress-induced carbonylation of Hsp70.1, in coordination with the calpain-mediated cleavage, leads to lysosomal destabilization/rupture and release of cathepsins with the resultant neuronal death. Hsp70.1 carbonylation which occurs anywhere in the brain is indispensable for neuronal death, but extent of calpain activation should be more crucial for determining the cell death fate. Importantly, not only acute ischemia during stroke but also chronic ischemia due to ageing may cause calpain activation. Here, role of Hsp70.1-mediated lysosomal rupture is discussed by comparing ischemic and Alzheimer neuronal death. A common neuronal death cascade may exist between cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease.
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Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare, inborn, metabolic errors characterized by deficiencies in normal lysosomal function and by intralysosomal accumulation of undegraded substrates. The past 25 years have been characterized by remarkable progress in the treatment of these diseases and by the development of multiple therapeutic approaches. These approaches include strategies aimed at increasing the residual activity of a missing enzyme (enzyme replacement therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, pharmacological chaperone therapy and gene therapy) and approaches based on reducing the flux of substrates to lysosomes. As knowledge has improved about the pathophysiology of lysosomal storage diseases, novel targets for therapy have been identified, and innovative treatment approaches are being developed.
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Platt FM. Sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorders. Nature 2014; 510:68-75. [PMID: 24899306 DOI: 10.1038/nature13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are inborn errors of metabolism, the hallmark of which is the accumulation, or storage, of macromolecules in the late endocytic system. They are monogenic disorders that occur at a collective frequency of 1 in 5,000 live births and are caused by inherited defects in genes that mainly encode lysosomal proteins, most commonly lysosomal enzymes. A subgroup of these diseases involves the lysosomal storage of glycosphingolipids. Through our understanding of the genetics, biochemistry and, more recently, cellular aspects of sphingolipid storage disorders, we have gained insights into fundamental aspects of cell biology that would otherwise have remained opaque. In addition, study of these disorders has led to significant progress in the development of therapies, several of which are now in routine clinical use. Emerging mechanistic links with more common diseases suggest we need to rethink our current concept of disease boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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Ingemann L, Kirkegaard T. Lysosomal storage diseases and the heat shock response: convergences and therapeutic opportunities. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2198-210. [PMID: 24837749 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r048090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes play a vital role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the recycling of cell constituents, a key metabolic function which is highly dependent on the correct function of the lysosomal hydrolases and membrane proteins, as well as correct membrane lipid stoichiometry and composition. The critical role of lysosomal functionality is evident from the severity of the diseases in which the primary lesion is a genetically defined loss-of-function of lysosomal hydrolases or membrane proteins. This group of diseases, known as lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), number more than 50 and are associated with severe neurodegeneration, systemic disease, and early death, with only a handful of the diseases having a therapeutic option. Another key homeostatic system is the metabolic stress response or heat shock response (HSR), which is induced in response to a number of physiological and pathological stresses, such as protein misfolding and aggregation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, nutrient deprivation, elevated temperature, viral infections, and various acute traumas. Importantly, the HSR and its cardinal members of the heat shock protein 70 family has been shown to protect against a number of degenerative diseases, including severe diseases of the nervous system. The cytoprotective actions of the HSR also include processes involving the lysosomal system, such as cell death, autophagy, and protection against lysosomal membrane permeabilization, and have shown promise in a number of LSDs. This review seeks to describe the emerging understanding of the interplay between these two essential metabolic systems, the lysosomes and the HSR, with a particular focus on their potential as a therapeutic target for LSDs.
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Yamashima T. Reconsider Alzheimer's disease by the 'calpain-cathepsin hypothesis'--a perspective review. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 105:1-23. [PMID: 23499711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by slowly progressive neuronal death, but its molecular cascade remains elusive for over 100 years. Since accumulation of autophagic vacuoles (also called granulo-vacuolar degenerations) represents one of the pathologic hallmarks of degenerating neurons in AD, a causative connection between autophagy failure and neuronal death should be present. The aim of this perspective review is at considering such underlying mechanism of AD that age-dependent oxidative stresses may affect the autophagic-lysosomal system via carbonylation and cleavage of heat-shock protein 70.1 (Hsp70.1). AD brains exhibit gradual but continual ischemic insults that cause perturbed Ca(2+) homeostasis, calpain activation, amyloid β deposition, and oxidative stresses. Membrane lipids such as linoleic and arachidonic acids are vulnerable to the cumulative oxidative stresses, generating a toxic peroxidation product 'hydroxynonenal' that can carbonylate Hsp70.1. Recent data advocate for dual roles of Hsp70.1 as a molecular chaperone for damaged proteins and a guardian of lysosomal integrity. Accordingly, impairments of lysosomal autophagy and stabilization may be driven by the calpain-mediated cleavage of carbonylated Hsp70.1, and this causes lysosomal permeabilization and/or rupture with the resultant release of the cell degradation enzyme, cathepsins (calpain-cathepsin hypothesis). Here, the author discusses three topics; (1) how age-related decrease in lysosomal and autophagic activities has a causal connection to programmed neuronal necrosis in sporadic AD, (2) how genetic factors such as apolipoprotein E and presenilin 1 can facilitate lysosomal destabilization in the sequential molecular events, and (3) whether a single cascade can simultaneously account for implications of all players previously reported. In conclusion, Alzheimer neuronal death conceivably occurs by the similar 'calpain-hydroxynonenal-Hsp70.1-cathepsin cascade' with ischemic neuronal death. Blockade of calpain and/or extra-lysosomal cathepsins as well as scavenging of hydroxynonenal would become effective AD therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsumori Yamashima
- Department of Restorative Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan.
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Zorzi E, Bonvini P. Inducible hsp70 in the regulation of cancer cell survival: analysis of chaperone induction, expression and activity. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:3921-56. [PMID: 24213118 PMCID: PMC3763403 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3043921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that control stress is central to realize how cells respond to environmental and physiological insults. All the more important is to reveal how tumour cells withstand their harsher growth conditions and cope with drug-induced apoptosis, since resistance to chemotherapy is the foremost complication when curing cancer. Intensive research on tumour biology over the past number of years has provided significant insights into the molecular events that occur during oncogenesis, and resistance to anti-cancer drugs has been shown to often rely on stress response and expression of inducible heat shock proteins (HSPs). However, with respect to the mechanisms guarding cancer cells against proteotoxic stresses and the modulatory effects that allow their survival, much remains to be defined. Heat shock proteins are molecules responsible for folding newly synthesized polypeptides under physiological conditions and misfolded proteins under stress, but their role in maintaining the transformed phenotype often goes beyond their conventional chaperone activity. Expression of inducible HSPs is known to correlate with limited sensitivity to apoptosis induced by diverse cytotoxic agents and dismal prognosis of several tumour types, however whether cancer cells survive because of the constitutive expression of heat shock proteins or the ability to induce them when adapting to the hostile microenvironment remains to be elucidated. Clear is that tumours appear nowadays more "addicted" to heat shock proteins than previously envisaged, and targeting HSPs represents a powerful approach and a future challenge for sensitizing tumours to therapy. This review will focus on the anti-apoptotic role of heat shock 70kDa protein (Hsp70), and how regulatory factors that control inducible Hsp70 synthesis, expression and activity may be relevant for response to stress and survival of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zorzi
- OncoHematology Clinic of Pediatrics, University-Hospital of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Paolo Bonvini
- OncoHematology Clinic of Pediatrics, University-Hospital of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy; E-Mail:
- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 36030 Monte di Malo, Vicenza, Italy
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Shachar T, Lo Bianco C, Recchia A, Wiessner C, Raas-Rothschild A, Futerman AH. Lysosomal storage disorders and Parkinson's disease: Gaucher disease and beyond. Mov Disord 2011; 26:1593-604. [PMID: 21618611 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is associated with mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene, which result in the enzyme deficiency causing Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder. We have performed an exhaustive literature search and found that additional lysosomal storage disorders might be associated with Parkinson's disease, based on case reports, the appearance of pathological features such as α-synuclein deposits in the brain, and substantia nigra pathology. Our findings suggest that the search for biochemical and cellular pathways that link Parkinson's disease with lysosomal storage disorders should not be limited exclusively to changes that occur in Gaucher disease, such as changes in glucocerebrosidase activity or in glucosylceramide levels, but rather include changes that might be common to a wide variety of lysosomal storage disorders. Moreover, we propose that additional genetic, epidemiological, and clinical studies should be performed to check the precise incidence of mutations in genes encoding lysosomal proteins in patients displaying Parkinson's symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Shachar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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