1
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Wang J, Sun H, Feng J, Zhou J, Jing Z. Selenium Deficiency Promotes Dilatation of the Aorta by Increasing Expression and Activity of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Derived Matrix Metalloproteinase-2. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2024; 67:663-671. [PMID: 37863308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Selenium (Se) is a key part of the body's oxidation defence system. However, it is unclear whether Se affects the development of aortic aneurysm (AA). An animal experiment was conducted to clarify the role of Se in AA development. METHODS C57BL/6N male mice were fed with a Se deficient (Se-D, < 0.05 mg/kg), Se adequate (Se-A, 0.2 mg/kg), or Se supplemented (Se-S, 1 mg/kg) diet for 8 weeks. Subsequently, an AA murine model (Se-D, n = 11; Se-A, n = 12; Se-S, n = 15) was established using angiotensin II (Ang II, 1 mg/kg/min) for four weeks plus β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN, 1 mg/mL) for the first two weeks. Saline replaced Ang II, and BAPN was removed during the modelling process for sham mice (Se-A, n = 9). To determine whether Se deficiency promoted aortic dilation via matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), the non-specific MMP inhibitor doxycycline (Dox, 100 mg/kg/day) was given to Se-D AA mice (n = 7) for two weeks. RESULTS The maximum aortic diameter in Se-D AA model mice was significantly increased compared with Se-A AA model mice. MMP-2 expression and activity in the aortic media of Se-D AA model mice was significantly increased compared with Se-A AA model mice. A large number of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were found aggregating in the media of the non-dilated aorta of Se-D AA model mice, which was completely inhibited by Dox. The percentage of VSMCs in aortic media of Se-D AA model mice was significantly higher than in Se-A AA model mice. The maximum aortic diameter and occurrence rate of AA in Se-D AA model mice with Dox were significantly reduced compared with Se-D AA model mice. CONCLUSION Se deficiency promoted dilatation of the aorta in AA model mice by increasing expression and activity of VSMC derived MMP-2, causing abnormal aggregation and proliferation of VSMCs in aortic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiying Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxuan Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zaiping Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Ishiguro T, Furukawa H, Polen K, Take Y, Sato H, Kudo D, Morgan J, Uchikawa H, Maeda T, Cisneros O, Rahmani R, Ai J, Eguchi S, Lawton M, Hashimoto T. Pharmacological Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Prevents Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Hypertension 2024; 81:572-581. [PMID: 38164754 PMCID: PMC10922815 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple pathways and factors are involved in the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. The EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) has been shown to mediate inflammatory vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm. However, the role of EGFR in mediating intracranial aneurysm rupture and its underlying mechanisms have yet to be determined. Emerging evidence indicates that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress might be the link between EGFR activation and the resultant inflammation. ER stress is strongly implicated in inflammation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, both of which are key components of the pathophysiology of aneurysm rupture. Therefore, we hypothesized that EGFR activation promotes aneurysmal rupture by inducing ER stress. METHODS Using a preclinical mouse model of intracranial aneurysm, we examined the potential roles of EGFR and ER stress in developing aneurysmal rupture. RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of EGFR markedly decreased the rupture rate of intracranial aneurysms without altering the formation rate. EGFR inhibition also significantly reduced the mRNA (messenger RNA) expression levels of ER-stress markers and inflammatory cytokines in cerebral arteries. Similarly, ER-stress inhibition also significantly decreased the rupture rate. In contrast, ER-stress induction nullified the protective effect of EGFR inhibition on aneurysm rupture. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that EGFR activation is an upstream event that contributes to aneurysm rupture via the induction of ER stress. Pharmacological inhibition of EGFR or downstream ER stress may be a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing aneurysm rupture and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Ishiguro
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Hajime Furukawa
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Kyle Polen
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Yushiro Take
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Daisuke Kudo
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Jordan Morgan
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Hiroki Uchikawa
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Takuma Maeda
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Oscar Cisneros
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Redi Rahmani
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Jinglu Ai
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Michael Lawton
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Tomoki Hashimoto
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
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3
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Bontekoe J, Matsumura J, Liu B. Thrombosis in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. JVS Vasc Sci 2023; 4:100106. [PMID: 37564632 PMCID: PMC10410173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a relatively common vascular pathology of the elderly with high morbidity potential. Irreversible degeneration of the aortic wall leads to lethal rupture if left untreated. Nearly all AAAs contain intraluminal thrombus (ILT) to a varying degree, yet the mechanisms explaining how thrombosis is disturbed in AAA are relatively unknown. This review examined the thrombotic complications associated with AAA, the impact of thrombosis on AAA surgical outcomes and AAA pathogenesis, and the use of antithrombotic therapy in the management of this disease. Methods A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted using relevant keywords related to thrombosis and AAAs. Results Thrombotic complications are relatively infrequent in AAA yet carry significant morbidity risks. The ILT can impact endovascular aneurysm repair by limiting anatomic suitability and influence the risk of endoleaks. Many of the pathologic mechanisms involved in AAA development, including hemodynamics, inflammation, oxidative stress, and aortic wall remodeling, contain pathways that interact with thrombosis. Conversely, the ILT can also be a source of biochemical stress and exacerbate these aneurysmal processes. In animal AAA models, antithrombotic therapies have shown favorable results in preventing and stabilizing AAA. Antiplatelet agents may be beneficial for reducing risks of major adverse cardiovascular events in AAA patients; however, neither antiplatelet nor anticoagulation is currently used solely for the management of AAA. Conclusions Thrombosis and ILT may have detrimental effects on AAA growth, rupture risk, and patient outcomes, yet there is limited understanding of the pathologic thrombotic mechanisms in aneurysmal disease at the molecular level. Preventing ILT using platelet and coagulation inhibitors may be a reasonable theoretical target for aneurysm progression and stability; however, the practical benefits of current antithrombotic therapies in AAA are unclear. Further research is needed to demonstrate the extent to which thrombosis impacts AAA pathogenesis and to develop novel pharmacologic strategies for the medical management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Bontekoe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jon Matsumura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
- Department of Cellular and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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4
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Sawada H, Beckner ZA, Ito S, Daugherty A, Lu HS. β-Aminopropionitrile-induced aortic aneurysm and dissection in mice. JVS Vasc Sci 2022; 3:64-72. [PMID: 35141570 PMCID: PMC8814647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic basis for the formation of aortic aneurysms and dissection needs to be elucidated to facilitate the development of effective medications. β-Aminopropionitrile administration in mice has been used frequently to study the pathologic features and mechanisms of aortic aneurysm and dissection. This mouse model mimics several facets of the pathology of human aortic aneurysms and dissection, although many variables exist in the experimental design and protocols that must be resolved to determine its application to the human disease. In the present brief review, we have introduced the development of this mouse model and provided insights into understanding its pathologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Zachary A. Beckner
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Sohei Ito
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
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5
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Luo Y, Tang H, Zhang Z, Zhao R, Wang C, Hou W, Huang Q, Liu J. Pharmacological inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor attenuates intracranial aneurysm formation by modulating the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 28:64-76. [PMID: 34729926 PMCID: PMC8673708 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To study the effect of pharmacological inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on intracranial aneurysm (IA) initiation. Methods Human IA samples were analyzed for the expression of p‐EGFR and alpha smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) by immunofluorescence (IF). Rat models of IA were established to evaluate the ability of the EGFR inhibitor, erlotinib, to attenuate the incidence of IA. We analyzed anterior cerebral artery tissues by pathological and proteomic detection for the expression of p‐EGFR and relevant proteins, and vessel casting was used to evaluate the incidence of aneurysms in each group. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells were extracted and used to establish an in vitro co‐culture model in a flow chamber with or without erlotinib treatment. We determined p‐EGFR and relevant protein expression in VSMCs by immunoblotting analysis. Results Epidermal growth factor receptor activation was found in human IA vessel walls and rat anterior cerebral artery walls. Treatment with erlotinib markedly attenuated the incidence of IA by inhibiting vascular remodeling and pro‐inflammatory transformation of VSMC in rat IA vessel walls. Activation of EGFR in rat VSMCs and phenotypic modulation of rat VSMCs were correlated with the strength of shear stress in vitro, and treatment with erlotinib reduced phenotypic modulation of rat VSMCs. In vitro experiments also revealed that EGFR activation could be induced by TNF‐α in human brain VSMCs. Conclusions These results suggest that EGFR plays a critical role in the initiation of IA and that the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib protects rats from IA initiation by regulating phenotypic modulation of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishuang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanchuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghai Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Kawai T, Elliott KJ, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Contribution of ADAM17 and related ADAMs in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4161-4187. [PMID: 33575814 PMCID: PMC9301870 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs) are key mediators of cell signaling by ectodomain shedding of various growth factors, cytokines, receptors and adhesion molecules at the cellular membrane. ADAMs regulate cell proliferation, cell growth, inflammation, and other regular cellular processes. ADAM17, the most extensively studied ADAM family member, is also known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme (TACE). ADAMs-mediated shedding of cytokines such as TNF-α orchestrates immune system or inflammatory cascades and ADAMs-mediated shedding of growth factors causes cell growth or proliferation by transactivation of the growth factor receptors including epidermal growth factor receptor. Therefore, increased ADAMs-mediated shedding can induce inflammation, tissue remodeling and dysfunction associated with various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, and ADAMs can be a potential therapeutic target in these diseases. In this review, we focus on the role of ADAMs in cardiovascular pathophysiology and cardiovascular diseases. The main aim of this review is to stimulate new interest in this area by highlighting remarkable evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine At Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine J Elliott
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine At Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine At Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine At Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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7
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Cooper HA, Cicalese S, Preston KJ, Kawai T, Okuno K, Choi ET, Kasahara S, Uchida HA, Otaka N, Scalia R, Rizzo V, Eguchi S. Targeting mitochondrial fission as a potential therapeutic for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:971-982. [PMID: 32384150 PMCID: PMC7898955 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Angiotensin II (AngII) is a potential contributor to the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). In aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), exposure to AngII induces mitochondrial fission via dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). However, pathophysiological relevance of mitochondrial morphology in AngII-associated AAA remains unexplored. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial fission is involved in the development of AAA. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry was performed on human AAA samples and revealed enhanced expression of Drp1. In C57BL6 mice treated with AngII plus β-aminopropionitrile, AAA tissue also showed an increase in Drp1 expression. A mitochondrial fission inhibitor, mdivi1, attenuated AAA size, associated aortic pathology, Drp1 protein induction, and mitochondrial fission but not hypertension in these mice. Moreover, western-blot analysis showed that induction of matrix metalloproteinase-2, which precedes the development of AAA, was blocked by mdivi1. Mdivi1 also reduced the development of AAA in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice infused with AngII. As with mdivi1, Drp1+/- mice treated with AngII plus β-aminopropionitrile showed a decrease in AAA compared to control Drp1+/+ mice. In abdominal aortic VSMCs, AngII induced phosphorylation of Drp1 and mitochondrial fission, the latter of which was attenuated with Drp1 silencing as well as mdivi1. AngII also induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and enhanced leucocyte adhesion and mitochondrial oxygen consumption in smooth muscle cells, which were attenuated with mdivi1. CONCLUSION These data indicate that Drp1 and mitochondrial fission play salient roles in AAA development, which likely involves mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory activation of VSMCs.
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MESH Headings
- Aminopropionitrile
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Aorta, Abdominal/drug effects
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dynamins/genetics
- Dynamins/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukocytes/drug effects
- Leukocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Mitochondria, Muscle/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Muscle/genetics
- Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Muscle/pathology
- Mitochondrial Dynamics/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Quinazolinones/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Cooper
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Stephanie Cicalese
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kyle J Preston
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Keisuke Okuno
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Eric T Choi
- Department of Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shingo Kasahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Haruhito A Uchida
- Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nozomu Otaka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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8
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Ni XQ, Zhang YR, Jia LX, Lu WW, Zhu Q, Ren JL, Chen Y, Zhang LS, Liu X, Yu YR, Jia MZ, Ning ZP, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Inhibition of Notch1-mediated inflammation by intermedin protects against abdominal aortic aneurysm via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5164-5184. [PMID: 33535178 PMCID: PMC7950288 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Notch1-mediated inflammatory response participates in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The vascular endogenous bioactive peptide intermedin (IMD) plays an important role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. However, whether IMD inhibits AAA by inhibiting Notch1-mediated inflammation is unclear. In this study, we found Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and hes1 expression were higher in AAA patients’ aortas than in healthy controls. In angiotensin II (AngII)-induced AAA mouse model, IMD treatment significantly reduced AAA incidence and maximal aortic diameter. IMD inhibited AngII-enlarged aortas and -degraded elastic lamina, reduced NICD, hes1 and inflammatory factors expression, decreased infiltration of CD68 positive macrophages and the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 protein level. IMD inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage migration in vitro and regulated macrophage polarization. Moreover, IMD overexpression significantly reduced CaCl2-induced AAA incidence and down-regulated NICD and hes1 expression. However, IMD deficiency showed opposite results. Mechanically, IMD treatment significantly decreased cleavage enzyme-a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) level. Pre-incubation with IMD17-47 (IMD receptors blocking peptide) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase b (PI3K/Akt) inhibitor LY294002 reversed ADAM10 level. In conclusion, exogenous and endogenous IMD could inhibit the development of AAA by inhibiting Notch1 signaling-mediated inflammation via reducing ADAM10 through IMD receptor and PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Qiang Ni
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ya-Rong Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li-Xin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jin-Ling Ren
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lin-Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan-Rong Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mo-Zhi Jia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Ning
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jie Du
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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9
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Factor XII blockade inhibits aortic dilatation in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1049-1061. [PMID: 32309850 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of mortality in older adults. Chronic inflammation and excessive matrix remodelling are considered important in AAA pathogenesis. Kinins are bioactive peptides important in regulating inflammation. Stimulation of the kinin B2 receptor has been previously reported to promote AAA development and rupture in a mouse model. The endogenous B2 receptor agonist, bradykinin, is generated from the kallikrein-kinin system following activation of plasma kallikrein by Factor XII (FXII). In the current study whole-body FXII deletion, or neutralisation of activated FXII (FXIIa), inhibited expansion of the suprarenal aorta (SRA) of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice in response to angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. FXII deficiency or FXIIa neutralisation led to decreased aortic tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme (TACE/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (aka tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme) (ADAM-17)) activity, plasma kallikrein concentration, and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation compared with controls. FXII deficiency or neutralisation also reduced Akt1 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation and decreased expression and levels of active matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp)-2 and Mmp-9. The findings suggest that FXII, kallikrein, ADAM-17, and EGFR are important molecular mediators by which AngII induces aneurysm in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. This could be a novel pathway to target in the design of drugs to limit AAA progression.
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10
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Zheng HQ, Rong JB, Ye FM, Xu YC, Lu HS, Wang JA. Induction of thoracic aortic dissection: a mini-review of β-aminopropionitrile-related mouse models. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:603-610. [PMID: 32748576 PMCID: PMC7445087 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is one of the most lethal aortic diseases due to its acute onset, rapid progress, and high rate of aortic rupture. The pathogenesis of TAD is not completely understood. In this mini-review, we introduce three emerging experimental mouse TAD models using β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) alone, BAPN for a prolonged duration (four weeks) and then with added infusion of angiotensin II (AngII), or co-administration of BAPN and AngII chronically. We aim to provide insights into appropriate application of these three mouse models, thereby enhancing the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-qiong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jia-bing Rong
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Fei-ming Ye
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yin-chuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jian-an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
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11
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial biogenesis are potential therapeutic targets for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 133:2023-2028. [PMID: 31654572 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are crucial organelles for cell homeostasis and alterations of these organelles have been implicated in cardiovascular disease. However, their roles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In a recent issue of Clinical Science, Navas-Madronal et al. ((2019), 133(13), 1421-1438) reported that enhanced ER stress and dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis are associated with AAA pathogenesis in humans. The authors also proposed that disruption in oxysterols network such as an elevated concentration of 7-ketocholestyerol in plasma is a causative factor for AAA progression. Their findings highlight new insights into the underlying mechanism of AAA progression through ER stress and dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Here, we will discuss the background, significance of the study, and future directions.
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12
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Peypoch O, Paüls-Vergés F, Vázquez-Santiago M, Dilme J, Romero J, Giner J, Plaza V, Escudero JR, Soria JM, Camacho M, Sabater-Lleal M. The TAGA Study: A Study of Factors Determining Aortic Diameter in Families at High Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Reveal Two New Candidate Genes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041242. [PMID: 32344696 PMCID: PMC7231034 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of disorders are known to be related with aortic geometry, among them abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This work aims to present the main determinants of abdominal aortic diameter in a new cohort of families at high risk of AAA. The Triple-A Genomic Analysis (TAGA) study comprises 407 individuals related in 12 families. Each family was collected through a proband with AAA. We calculated heritability and genetic correlations between abdominal aortic diameter and clinical parameters. A genome-wide linkage scan was performed based on 4.6 million variants. A predictive model was calculated with conditional forest. Heritability of the abdominal aortic diameter was 34%. Old age, male sex, higher height, weight, creatinine levels in serum, and better lung capacity were the best predictors of aortic diameter. Linkage analyses suggested the implication of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Betacellulin (BTC) genes with aortic diameter. This is the first study to evaluate genetic components of variation of the aortic diameter in a population of AAA high-risk individuals. These results reveal EGFR, a gene that had been previously implicated in AAA, as a determinant of aortic diameter variation in healthy genetically enriched individuals, and might indicate that a common genetic background could determine the diameter of the aorta and future risk of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Peypoch
- Servicios Mancomunados de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Hospitales de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau/Dos de Mayo, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (O.P.); (J.D.); (J.R.); (J.R.E.)
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Ferran Paüls-Vergés
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Miquel Vázquez-Santiago
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Dilme
- Servicios Mancomunados de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Hospitales de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau/Dos de Mayo, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (O.P.); (J.D.); (J.R.); (J.R.E.)
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Jose Romero
- Servicios Mancomunados de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Hospitales de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau/Dos de Mayo, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (O.P.); (J.D.); (J.R.); (J.R.E.)
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Jordi Giner
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Plaza
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Roman Escudero
- Servicios Mancomunados de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Hospitales de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau/Dos de Mayo, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (O.P.); (J.D.); (J.R.); (J.R.E.)
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, (IIB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Jose Manuel Soria
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Angiology, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (F.P.-V.); (M.V.-S.); (J.M.S.); (M.C.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +93-291-9000 (ext. 8167)
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13
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Kim S, Subramanian V, Abdel-Latif A, Lee S. Role of Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Growth Factor in Oxidative Stress-Associated Metabolic Diseases. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:186-196. [PMID: 32077785 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an EGF family member that interacts with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ERBB4. Since HB-EGF was first identified as a novel growth factor secreted from a human macrophage cell line, numerous pathological and physiological functions related to cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation have been reported. Notably, the expression of HB-EGF is sensitively upregulated by oxidative stress in the endothelial cells and functions for auto- and paracrine-EGFR signaling. Overnutrition and obesity cause elevation of HB-EGF expression and EGFR signaling in the hepatic and vascular systems. Modulations of HB-EGF signaling showed a series of protections against phenotypes related to metabolic syndrome and advanced metabolic diseases, suggesting HB-EGF as a potential target against metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonwook Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Venkateswaran Subramanian
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sangderk Lee
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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14
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Liu Y, Wang X, Wang H, Hu T. Identification of key genes and pathways in abdominal aortic aneurysm by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519894437. [PMID: 31885343 PMCID: PMC7783286 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519894437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify key genes associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by
integrating a microarray profile and a single-cell RNA-seq dataset. Methods The microarray profile of GSE7084 and the single-cell RNA-seq dataset were
obtained from the Gene Express Omnibus database. Differentially expressed
genes (DEGs) were chosen using the R package and annotated by Gene Ontology
and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics analysis. The hub genes were
identified based on their degrees of interaction in the protein-protein
interaction (PPI) network. Expression of hub genes was determined using
single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Results In total, 507 upregulated and 842 downregulated DEGs were identified and
associated with AAA. The upregulated DEGs were enriched into 9 biological
processes and 10 biological pathways, which were closely involved in the
pathogenesis and progression of AAA. Based on the PPI network, we focused on
six hub genes, four of which were novel target genes compared with the known
aneurysm gene database. Using single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we explored the
four genes expressed in vascular cells of AAA: CANX,
CD44, DAXX, and
STAT1. Conclusions We identified key genes that may provide insight into the mechanism of AAA
pathogenesis and progression and that have potential to be therapeutic
targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The
Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of
Nanjing
Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated
Shanghai First People’s Hospital of
Nanjing
Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The
Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of
Nanjing
Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The
Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of
Nanjing
Medical University, Huaian, China
- Tingting Hu, Department of Cardiology, the
Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Beijing
West Road 6, Huaian 223001, China.
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15
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Deletion of interleukin-18 attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Atherosclerosis 2019; 289:14-20. [PMID: 31445353 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease; however, its exact pathogenesis remains unknown, and no specific medical therapies are available. Interleukin (IL)-18 plays a crucial role in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular death. Here, we investigated the role of IL-18 in AAA pathogenesis using an experimental mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS After infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II) for 4 weeks and β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) for 2 weeks, 58% of C57/6J wild-type (WT) mice developed AAA associated with enhanced expression of IL-18; however, disease incidence was significantly lower in IL-18-/- mice than in WT mice (p < 0.01), although no significant difference was found in systolic blood pressure between WT mice and IL-18-/- mice in this model. Additionally, IL-18 deletion significantly attenuated Ang II/BAPN-induced macrophage infiltration, macrophage polarization into inflammatory M1 phenotype, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation in abdominal aortas, which is associated with reduced expression of osteopontin (OPN). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that IL-18 plays an important role in the development of AAA by enhancing OPN expression, macrophage recruitment, and MMP activation. Moreover, IL-18 represents a previously unrecognized therapeutic target for the prevention of AAA formation.
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16
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Abstract
Current management of aortic aneurysms relies exclusively on prophylactic operative repair of larger aneurysms. Great potential exists for successful medical therapy that halts or reduces aneurysm progression and hence alleviates or postpones the need for surgical repair. Preclinical studies in the context of abdominal aortic aneurysm identified hundreds of candidate strategies for stabilization, and data from preoperative clinical intervention studies show that interventions in the pathways of the activated inflammatory and proteolytic cascades in enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysm are feasible. Similarly, the concept of pharmaceutical aorta stabilization in Marfan syndrome is supported by a wealth of promising studies in the murine models of Marfan syndrome-related aortapathy. Although some clinical studies report successful medical stabilization of growing aortic aneurysms and aortic root stabilization in Marfan syndrome, these claims are not consistently confirmed in larger and controlled studies. Consequently, no medical therapy can be recommended for the stabilization of aortic aneurysms. The discrepancy between preclinical successes and clinical trial failures implies shortcomings in the available models of aneurysm disease and perhaps incomplete understanding of the pathological processes involved in later stages of aortic aneurysm progression. Preclinical models more reflective of human pathophysiology, identification of biomarkers to predict severity of disease progression, and improved design of clinical trials may more rapidly advance the opportunities in this important field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H. Lindeman
- Dept. Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Jon S. Matsumura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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17
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 614] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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18
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Ni XQ, Lu WW, Zhang JS, Zhu Q, Ren JL, Yu YR, Liu XY, Wang XJ, Han M, Jing Q, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by intermedin1-53 attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in ApoE KO Mice. Endocrine 2018; 62:90-106. [PMID: 29943223 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is involved in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Since bioactive peptide intermedin (IMD)1-53 protects against AAA formation, here we investigated whether IMD1-53 attenuates AAA by inhibiting ERS. AAA model was induced by angiotensin II (AngII) in ApoE KO mouse background. AngII-treated mouse aortas showed increased ERS gene transcription of caspase12, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2a (eIf2a) and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4).The protein level of ERS marker glucose regulated protein 94(GRP94), ATF4 and C/EBP homologous protein 10(CHOP) was also up-regulated by AngII. Increased ERS levels were accompanied by severe VSMC apoptosis in human AAA aorta. In vivo administration of IMD1-53 greatly reduced AngII-induced AAA and abrogated the activation of ERS. To determine whether IMD inhibited AAA by ameliorating ERS, we used 2 non-selective ERS inhibitors phenyl butyrate (4-PBA) and taurine (TAU). Similar to IMD, PBA, and TAU significantly reduced the incidence of AAA and AAA-related pathological disorders. In vitro, AngII infusion up-regulated CHOP, caspase12 expression and led to VSMC apoptosis. IMD siRNA aggravated the CHOP, caspase12-mediated VSMC apoptosis, which was abolished by ATF4 silencing. IMD infusion promoted the phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in aortas in ApoE KO mice, and the AMPK inhibitor compound C abolished the protective effect of IMD on VSMC ERS and apoptosis induced by AngII. In conclusion, IMD may protect against AAA formation by inhibiting ERS via activating AMPK phosphorylation.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylate Kinase/metabolism
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Apolipoproteins E/metabolism
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Peptide Hormones/pharmacology
- Peptide Hormones/therapeutic use
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Qiang Ni
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ling Ren
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Rong Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Du
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100083, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, 100083, Beijing, China.
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19
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Eguchi S, Kawai T, Scalia R, Rizzo V. Understanding Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling in Vascular Pathophysiology. Hypertension 2018; 71:804-810. [PMID: 29581215 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Eguchi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rosario Scalia
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Victor Rizzo
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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20
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Umebayashi R, Uchida HA, Kakio Y, Subramanian V, Daugherty A, Wada J. Cilostazol Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms but Not Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:903-912. [PMID: 29437572 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent dilation of the abdominal aorta associated with rupture, which frequently results in fatal consequences. AAA tissue is commonly characterized by localized structural deterioration accompanied with inflammation and profound accumulation of leukocytes, although the specific function of these cells is unknown. Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, is commonly used for patients with peripheral vascular disease or stroke because of its anti-platelet aggregation effect and anti-inflammatory effect, which is vasoprotective effect. In this study, we evaluated the effects of cilostazol on angiotensin II-induced AAA formation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were fed either normal diet or a diet containing cilostazol (0.1% wt/wt). After 1 week of diet consumption, mice were infused with angiotensin II (1000 ng/kg per minute) for 4 weeks. Angiotensin II infusion increased maximal diameters of abdominal aortas, whereas cilostazol administration significantly attenuated dilatation of abdominal aortas, thereby, reducing AAA incidence. Cilostazol also reduced macrophage accumulation, matrix metalloproteinases activation, and inflammatory gene expression in the aortic media. In cultured vascular endothelial cells, cilostazol reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesive molecules through activation of the cAMP-PKA (protein kinase A) pathway. CONCLUSIONS Cilostazol attenuated angiotensin II-induced AAA formation by its anti-inflammatory effect through phosphodiesterase III inhibition in the aortic wall. Cilostazol may be a promising new therapeutic option for AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Umebayashi
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Haruhito A Uchida
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington.
| | - Yuki Kakio
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Venkateswaran Subramanian
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Alan Daugherty
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Jun Wada
- From the Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.U., H.A.U., Y.K., J.W.) and Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease (H.A.U.), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan; and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (V.S., A.D.) and Department of Physiology (V.S., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
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21
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Kawai T, Takayanagi T, Forrester SJ, Preston KJ, Obama T, Tsuji T, Kobayashi T, Boyer MJ, Cooper HA, Kwok HF, Hashimoto T, Scalia R, Rizzo V, Eguchi S. Vascular ADAM17 (a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Domain 17) Is Required for Angiotensin II/β-Aminopropionitrile-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Hypertension 2017; 70:959-963. [PMID: 28947615 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII)-activated epidermal growth factor receptor has been implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), AngII activates epidermal growth factor receptor via a metalloproteinase, ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 17). We hypothesized that AngII-dependent AAA development would be prevented in mice lacking ADAM17 in VSMCs. To test this concept, control and VSMC ADAM17-deficient mice were cotreated with AngII and a lysyl oxidase inhibitor, β-aminopropionitrile, to induce AAA. We found that 52.4% of control mice did not survive because of aortic rupture. All other surviving control mice developed AAA and demonstrated enhanced expression of ADAM17 in the AAA lesions. In contrast, all AngII and β-aminopropionitrile-treated VSMC ADAM17-deficient mice survived and showed reduction in external/internal diameters (51%/28%, respectively). VSMC ADAM17 deficiency was associated with lack of epidermal growth factor receptor activation, interleukin-6 induction, endoplasmic reticulum/oxidative stress, and matrix deposition in the abdominal aorta of treated mice. However, both VSMC ADAM17-deficient and control mice treated with AngII and β-aminopropionitrile developed comparable levels of hypertension. Treatment of C57Bl/6 mice with an ADAM17 inhibitory antibody but not with control IgG also prevented AAA development. In conclusion, VSMC ADAM17 silencing or systemic ADAM17 inhibition seems to protect mice from AAA formation. The mechanism seems to involve suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kawai
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Takehiko Takayanagi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Steven J Forrester
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Kyle J Preston
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Takashi Obama
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Toshiyuki Tsuji
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Tomonori Kobayashi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Michael J Boyer
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Hannah A Cooper
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Tomoki Hashimoto
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Rosario Scalia
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.)
| | - Victor Rizzo
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.).
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (T. Kawai, T. Takayanagi, S.J.F., K.J.P., T.O., T. Tsuji, T. Kobayashi, M.J.B., H.A.C., R.S., V.R., S.E.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau Special Administrative Region, University of Macau, Taipa (H.F.K.); and Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco (T.H.).
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22
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Wang C, Wang Y, Yu M, Chen C, Xu L, Cao Y, Qi R. Grape-seed Polyphenols Play a Protective Role in Elastase-induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9402. [PMID: 28839206 PMCID: PMC5570906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a kind of disease characterized by aortic dilation, whose pathogenesis is linked to inflammation. This study aimed to determine whether grape-seed polyphenols (GSP) has anti-AAA effects and what mechanism is involved, thus to find a way to prevent occurrence and inhibit expansion of small AAA. In our study, AAA was induced by incubating the abdominal aorta of the mice with elastase, and GSP was administrated to the mice by gavage at different doses beginning on the day of the AAA inducement. In in vivo experiments, 800 mg/kg GSP could significantly reduce the incidence of AAA, the dilatation of aorta and elastin degradation in media, and dramatically decrease macrophage infiltration and activation and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 and MMP-9 in the aorta, compared to the AAA model group. Meanwhile, 400 mg/kg GSP could also but not completely inhibit the occurrence and development of AAA. In in vitro experiments, GSP dose-dependently inhibited mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and significantly inhibited expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, thus prevented elastin from degradation. In conclusion, GSP showed great anti-AAA effects and its mechanisms were related to inhibition of inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Biomarkers
- Biopsy
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pancreatic Elastase/deficiency
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Polyphenols/chemistry
- Polyphenols/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/chemistry
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Seeds/chemistry
- Vitis/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Maomao Yu
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yini Cao
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China.
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23
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HIF1α in aortic aneurysms and beyond. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:621-623. [PMID: 28302917 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent expansion of the vessel wall with a high prevalence in those 65 years of age and older. Aneurysms are prone to dissection and rupture that carry a mortality rate of over 85%. Currently, surgical repair is the only option to treat this disease. The need to intervene prior to these events has set off a flurry of basic studies in an effort to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern AAA formation, progression and rupture. In the present study, the role of myeloid cells in contributing to AAA development has been confirmed. More specifically, the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), was demonstrated to be a necessary component for regulating the expression of extracellular matrix modifying enzymes and their endogenous inhibitors in these cells. This new discovery may lead to therapeutic targets to prohibit the degradation and weakening of the vessel wall with the hope of limiting AAA formation and/or growth.
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24
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AT1 receptor signaling pathways in the cardiovascular system. Pharmacol Res 2017; 125:4-13. [PMID: 28527699 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology has been well described whereas the detailed molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) is one of the key players in the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. The AT1 receptor promotes various intracellular signaling pathways resulting in hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling and end organ damage. Accumulating evidence shows the complex picture of AT1 receptor-mediated signaling; AT1 receptor-mediated heterotrimeric G protein-dependent signaling, transactivation of growth factor receptors, NADPH oxidase and ROS signaling, G protein-independent signaling, including the β-arrestin signals and interaction with several AT1 receptor interacting proteins. In addition, there is functional cross-talk between the AT1 receptor signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. In this review, we will summarize an up to date overview of essential AT1 receptor signaling events and their functional significances in the cardiovascular system.
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25
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Li Y, Lu G, Sun D, Zuo H, Wang DW, Yan J. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway: A new mechanism of statins to suppress the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174821. [PMID: 28369137 PMCID: PMC5378361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially lethal disease with extremely poor survival rates once the aneurysm ruptures. Statins may exert beneficial effects on the progression of AAA. However, the underlying mechanism is still not known. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether statin could inhibit AAA formation by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signal pathway. Methods A clinically relevant AAA model was induced in Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice, which were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) for 28 days. These mice were randomly divided into following 4 groups: saline infusion alone; Ang II infusion alone; Ang II infusion plus Atorvastatin (20mg/kg/d); and Ang II infusion plus Atorvastatin (30mg/kg/d). Besides, another AAA model was induced in C57 mice with extraluminal CaCl2, which were divided into 3 groups: sham group, CaCl2-induced AAA group, and CaCl2-induced AAA plus atorvastatin (20mg/kg/d) group. Then, aortic tissue was excised for further examinations, respectively. In vitro studies, Ang II with or without simvastatin treatment were applied to the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCS) and Raw 264.7 cells. The ER stress signal pathway, apoptosis and inflammatory response were evaluated by in vivo and in vitro assays. Results We found that higher dose of atorvastatin can effectively suppress the development and progression of AAA induced by Ang II or CaCl2. Mechanistically, the activation of ER stress and inflammatory response were found involved in Ang II-induced AAA formation. The atorvastatin infusion significantly reduced ER stress signaling proteins, the number of apoptotic cells, and the activation of Caspase12 and Bax in the Ang II-induced ApoE−/− mice, compared with mice treated by Ang II alone. Furthermore, proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β were all remarkably inhibited after atorvastatin treatment. In vitro, the inhibitory effect of simvastatin on the ER stress signal pathway could be observed in both vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages, and these inhibitory effects of statin were in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, apoptosis was induced with Ang II treatment. The maximal inhibitory effect of simvastatin on apoptosis was observed at 10 μmol/l. Conclusions We conclude that higher dose of statin can effectively suppress the development of AAA, and reduce ER stress, ER stress-associated apoptosis signaling pathways, and inflammatory response. These findings reveal a new mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of statin on AAA formation/progression.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Atorvastatin/pharmacology
- Calcium Chloride
- Cell Line
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/physiology
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Random Allocation
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gangsheng Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dating Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Houjuan Zuo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (DWW); (JY)
| | - Jiangtao Yan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (DWW); (JY)
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Shanahan CM, Furmanik M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells: A Novel Regulator of Vascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rev 2017; 13:94-105. [PMID: 27758694 PMCID: PMC5440785 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x12666161014094738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in industrialised societies. The idea that the arterial smooth muscle cell (ASMC) plays a key role in regulating many vascular pathologies has been gaining importance, as has the realisation that not enough is known about the pathological cellular mechanisms regulating ASMC function in vascular remodelling. In the past decade endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been recognised as a stress response underlying many physiological and pathological processes in various vascular cell types. Here we summarise what is known about how ER stress signalling regulates phenotypic switching, trans/dedifferentiation and apoptosis of ASMCs and contributes to atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysms and vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Shanahan
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Malgorzata Furmanik
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
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Takeuchi H, Okuyama M, Uchida HA, Kakio Y, Umebayashi R, Okuyama Y, Fujii Y, Ozawa S, Yoshida M, Oshima Y, Sano S, Wada J. Chronic Kidney Disease Is Positively and Diabetes Mellitus Is Negatively Associated with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164015. [PMID: 27764090 PMCID: PMC5072712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship of CKD and DM with the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). METHODS We enrolled 261 patients with AAA (AAA+) and age-and-sex matched 261 patients without AAA (AAA-) at two hospitals between 2008 and 2014, and examined the association between the risk factors and the presence of AAA. Furthermore, in order to investigate the prevalence of AAA in each group, we enrolled 1126 patients with CKD and 400 patients with DM. RESULTS The presence of CKD in patients with AAA+ was significantly higher than that in patients with AAA- (AAA+; 65%, AAA-; 52%, P = 0.004). The presence of DM in patients with AAA+ was significantly lower than that in patients with AAA- (AAA+; 17%, AAA-; 35%, P < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that hypertension, ischemic heart disease and CKD were independent determinants, whereas, DM was a negatively independent determinant, for the presence of AAA. The prevalence of AAA in patients with CKD 65 years old and above was 5.1%, whereas, that in patients with DM 65 years old and above was only 0.6%. CONCLUSION CKD is a positively associated with the presence of AAA. In contrast, DM is a negatively associated with the presence of AAA in Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Takeuchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michihiro Okuyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haruhito A. Uchida
- Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kakio
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryoko Umebayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Okuyama
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujii
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Susumu Ozawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshida
- Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yu Oshima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunji Sano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathological condition of permanent dilation that portends the potentially fatal consequence of aortic rupture. This review emphasizes recent advances in mechanistic insight into aneurysm pathogenesis and potential pharmacologic therapies that are on the horizon for AAAs. RECENT FINDINGS An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that genetic factors, including 3p12.3, DAB2IP, LDLr, LRP1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, TGFBR2, and SORT1 loci, are associated with AAA development. Current human studies and animal models have shown that many leukocytes and inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1, IL-17, TGF-β, and angiotensin II, are involved in the pathogenesis of AAAs. Leukocytic infiltration into aortic media leads to smooth muscle cell depletion, generation of reactive oxygen species, and extracellular matrix fragmentation. Preclinical investigations into pharmacological therapies for AAAs have provided intriguing insight into the roles of microRNAs in regulating many pathological pathways in AAA development. Several large clinical trials are ongoing, seeking to translate preclinical findings into therapeutic options. SUMMARY Recent studies have identified many potential mechanisms involved in AAA pathogenesis that provide insight into the development of a medical treatment for this disease.
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Takayanagi T, Forrester SJ, Kawai T, Obama T, Tsuji T, Elliott KJ, Nuti E, Rossello A, Kwok HF, Scalia R, Rizzo V, Eguchi S. Vascular ADAM17 as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Mediating Cardiovascular Hypertrophy and Perivascular Fibrosis Induced by Angiotensin II. Hypertension 2016; 68:949-955. [PMID: 27480833 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) has been strongly implicated in hypertension and its complications. Evidence suggests the mechanisms by which AngII elevates blood pressure and enhances cardiovascular remodeling and damage may be distinct. However, the signal transduction cascade by which AngII specifically initiates cardiovascular remodeling, such as hypertrophy and fibrosis, remains insufficiently understood. In vascular smooth muscle cells, a metalloproteinase ADAM17 mediates epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, which may be responsible for cardiovascular remodeling but not hypertension induced by AngII. Thus, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that activation of vascular ADAM17 is indispensable for vascular remodeling but not for hypertension induced by AngII. Vascular ADAM17-deficient mice and control mice were infused with AngII for 2 weeks. Control mice infused with AngII showed cardiac hypertrophy, vascular medial hypertrophy, and perivascular fibrosis. These phenotypes were prevented in vascular ADAM17-deficient mice independent of blood pressure alteration. AngII infusion enhanced ADAM17 expression, epidermal growth factor receptor activation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the vasculature, which were diminished in ADAM17-deficient mice. Treatment with a human cross-reactive ADAM17 inhibitory antibody also prevented cardiovascular remodeling and endoplasmic reticulum stress but not hypertension in C57Bl/6 mice infused with AngII. In vitro data further supported these findings. In conclusion, vascular ADAM17 mediates AngII-induced cardiovascular remodeling via epidermal growth factor receptor activation independent of blood pressure regulation. ADAM17 seems to be a unique therapeutic target for the prevention of hypertensive complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Takayanagi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Takashi Obama
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Toshiyuki Tsuji
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Katherine J Elliott
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Armando Rossello
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia PA (T.T., S.J.F., T.K., T.O., T.T., Y.F., K.J.E., R.S., V.R., S.E.), Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (E.N., A.R.), and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China (HF.K.)
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Li J, Li Y, He H, Liu C, Li W, Xie L, Zhang Y. Csk/Src/EGFR signaling regulates migration of myofibroblasts and alveolarization. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L562-71. [PMID: 26773066 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00162.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by premature alveolar developmental arrest. Antenatal exposure to inflammation inhibits lung morphogenesis, thus increasing the risk of developing BPD. Alveolar myofibroblasts are thought to migrate into the septal tips and elongate secondary septa during alveolarization. Here we found lipopolysaccharide (LPS) disrupted the directional migration of myofibroblasts and increased actin stress fiber expression and focal adhesion formation. In addition, COOH-terminal Src kinase (Csk) activity was downregulated in myofibroblasts treated with LPS, while activation of Src or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was upregulated by LPS treatment. Specifically, decreased Csk activity and increased activation of Src or EGFR was also observed in primary myofibroblasts isolated from newborn rat lungs with intra-amniotic LPS exposure, a model for BPD. Further investigation revealed that EGFR was involved in cell migration impairment induced by LPS, and Src inhibition blocked LPS-induced activation of EGFR or cell migration impairment. Csk silencing also resulted in EGFR activation and cell migration impairment. Besides, we found the effect of EGFR on myofibroblast migration was mediated through RhoA activation. EGFR inhibition alleviated the abnormal localization of myofibroblasts and improved alveolar development in antenatal LPS-treated rats. Taken together, our data suggest that the Csk/Src/EGFR signaling pathway is critically involved in regulating directional migration of myofibroblasts and may contribute to arrested alveolar development in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yahui Li
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Hua He
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Wen Li
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Lijuan Xie
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
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Forrester SJ, Kawai T, O'Brien S, Thomas W, Harris RC, Eguchi S. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapies in the Cardiovascular System. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 56:627-53. [PMID: 26566153 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-070115-095427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation impacts the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, and inhibition of EGFR activity is emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat diseases including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, renal fibrosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. The capacity of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists, such as angiotensin II (AngII), to promote EGFR signaling is called transactivation and is well described, yet delineating the molecular processes and functional relevance of this crosstalk has been challenging. Moreover, these critical findings are dispersed among many different fields. The aim of our review is to highlight recent advancements in defining the signaling cascades and downstream consequences of EGFR transactivation in the cardiovascular renal system. We also focus on studies that link EGFR transactivation to animal models of the disease, and we discuss potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140;
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140;
| | - Shannon O'Brien
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Walter Thomas
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140;
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Predicting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Target Genes by Level-2 Protein-Protein Interaction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140888. [PMID: 26496478 PMCID: PMC4619739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is frequently lethal and has no effective pharmaceutical treatment, posing a great threat to human health. Previous bioinformatics studies of the mechanisms underlying AAA relied largely on the detection of direct protein-protein interactions (level-1 PPI) between the products of reported AAA-related genes. Thus, some proteins not suspected to be directly linked to previously reported genes of pivotal importance to AAA might have been missed. In this study, we constructed an indirect protein-protein interaction (level-2 PPI) network based on common interacting proteins encoded by known AAA-related genes and successfully predicted previously unreported AAA-related genes using this network. We used four methods to test and verify the performance of this level-2 PPI network: cross validation, human AAA mRNA chip array comparison, literature mining, and verification in a mouse CaPO4 AAA model. We confirmed that the new level-2 PPI network is superior to the original level-1 PPI network and proved that the top 100 candidate genes predicted by the level-2 PPI network shared similar GO functions and KEGG pathways compared with positive genes.
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Takayanagi T, Kawai T, Forrester SJ, Obama T, Tsuji T, Fukuda Y, Elliott KJ, Tilley DG, Davisson RL, Park JY, Eguchi S. Role of epidermal growth factor receptor and endoplasmic reticulum stress in vascular remodeling induced by angiotensin II. Hypertension 2015; 65:1349-55. [PMID: 25916723 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which angiotensin II (AngII) elevates blood pressure and enhances end-organ damage seem to be distinct. However, the signal transduction cascade by which AngII specifically mediates vascular remodeling such as medial hypertrophy and perivascular fibrosis remains incomplete. We have previously shown that AngII-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation is mediated by disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 17 (ADAM17), and that this signaling is required for vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy but not for contractile signaling in response to AngII. Recent studies have implicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in hypertension. Interestingly, EGFR is capable of inducing ER stress. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that activation of EGFR and ER stress are critical components required for vascular remodeling but not hypertension induced by AngII. Mice were infused with AngII for 2 weeks with or without treatment of EGFR inhibitor, erlotinib, or ER chaperone, 4-phenylbutyrate. AngII infusion induced vascular medial hypertrophy in the heart, kidney and aorta, and perivascular fibrosis in heart and kidney, cardiac hypertrophy, and hypertension. Treatment with erlotinib as well as 4-phenylbutyrate attenuated vascular remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy but not hypertension. In addition, AngII infusion enhanced ADAM17 expression, EGFR activation, and ER/oxidative stress in the vasculature, which were diminished in both erlotinib-treated and 4-phenylbutyrate-treated mice. ADAM17 induction and EGFR activation by AngII in vascular cells were also prevented by inhibition of EGFR or ER stress. In conclusion, AngII induces vascular remodeling by EGFR activation and ER stress via a signaling mechanism involving ADAM17 induction independent of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Takayanagi
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Steven J Forrester
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Takashi Obama
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Toshiyuki Tsuji
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Yamato Fukuda
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Katherine J Elliott
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Robin L Davisson
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Joon-Young Park
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.)
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (T. Takayanagi, T.K., S.J.F., T.O., T. Tsuji, Y.F., K.J.E., J.-Y.P., S.E.) and Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine (D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Kinesiology, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA (S.J.F., J.-Y.P.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY (R.L.D.).
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