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Sun T, Xu W, Tu B, Wang T, Liu J, Liu K, Luan Y. Engineered Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Overexpressing RXFP1 via CRISPR Activation Ameliorate Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010171. [PMID: 36671033 PMCID: PMC9854730 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and poor response to the first-line treatment of DM-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED), new therapeutic strategies for DMED are needed. Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation is considered a promising treatment modality for DMED but is limited by poor survival and efficacy after transplantation. In this study, we aimed to increase the therapeutic effect of DMED by overexpressing the relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats activation (CRISPRa) system in ADSCs. Two lentiviruses carrying the CRISPRa system transfected ADSCs to overexpress RXFP1 (RXFP1-ADSCs). The intracavernous injection of ADSCs was performed in DMED rats induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Four weeks after transplantation, we measured erectile function and collected specimens of the corpus cavernosum for follow-up detection. The results showed that ADSCs improved erectile function in diabetic rats, and the RXFP1-ADSCs were more significant. We detected reduced levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and fibrosis together with relative normalization of endothelial and smooth muscle cell function in the penis after ADSC transplantation. RXFP1-ADSCs had more potent efficacy in the above alterations compared to negative control ADSCs due to the high levels of survival and paracrine capacity in RXFP1-ADSCs. The results revealed that RXFP1-ADSC transplantation could partially preserve erectile function in DMED rats associated with the regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis and endothelial and smooth muscle cell dysfunction. RXFP1 may be the new target for the genetic modification of ADSCs, which benefits the management of DMED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bocheng Tu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.L.)
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2
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Huang S, Li Y, Zeng J, Chang N, Cheng Y, Zhen X, Zhong D, Chen R, Ma G, Wang Y. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Asthma Therapy: Mechanisms and Strategies for Enhancement. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231180128. [PMID: 37318186 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231180128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. Most asthmatic patients are well-established using standard treatment strategies and advanced biologicals. However, a small group of patients who do not respond to biological treatments or are not effectively controlled by available treatment strategies remain a clinical challenge. Therefore, new therapies are urgently needed for poorly controlled asthma. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown therapeutic potential in relieving airway inflammation and repairing impaired immune balance in preclinical trials owing to their immunomodulatory abilities. Noteworthy, MSCs exerted a therapeutic effect on steroid-resistant asthma with rare side effects in asthmatic models. Nevertheless, adverse factors such as limited obtained number, nutrient and oxygen deprivation in vitro, and cell senescence or apoptosis affected the survival rate and homing efficiency of MSCs, thus limiting the efficacy of MSCs in asthma. In this review, we elaborate on the roles and underlying mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of asthma from the perspective of their source, immunogenicity, homing, differentiation, and immunomodulatory capacity and summarize strategies to improve their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqing Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Ning Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yisen Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiangfan Zhen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Dan Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Riling Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Guoda Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
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3
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Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050547. [PMID: 35631374 PMCID: PMC9147625 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common condition resulting from exposure to allergens such as pollen, animal dander, or mold. It is typically mediated by allergen-induced crosslinking of immunoglobulin E attached to receptors on primed conjunctival mast cells, which results in mast cell degranulation and histamine release, as well as the release of lipid mediators, cytokines, and chemokines. The clinical result is conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, intense itching, and chemosis. Refractory and chronic cases can result in ocular surface complications that may be vision threatening. Patients who experience even mild forms of this disease report an impact on their quality of life. Current treatment options range from non-pharmacologic therapies to ocular and systemic options. However, to adequately control AC, the use of multiple agents is often required. As such, a precise understanding of the immune mechanisms responsible for this ocular surface inflammation is needed to support ongoing research for potential therapeutic targets such as chemokine receptors, cytokine receptors, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and integrins. This review utilized several published articles regarding the current therapeutic options to treat AC, as well as the pathological and immune mechanisms relevant to AC. This review will also focus on cellular and molecular targets in AC, with particular emphasis on potential therapeutic agents that can attenuate the pathology and immune mechanisms driven by cells, receptors, and molecules that participate in the immunopathogenesis and immunopathology of AC.
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4
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Samuel CS, Bennett RG. Relaxin as an anti-fibrotic treatment: Perspectives, challenges and future directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 197:114884. [PMID: 34968489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis refers to the scarring and hardening of tissues, which results from a failed immune system-coordinated wound healing response to chronic organ injury and which manifests from the aberrant accumulation of various extracellular matrix components (ECM), primarily collagen. Despite being a hallmark of prolonged tissue damage and related dysfunction, and commonly associated with high morbidity and mortality, there are currently no effective cures for its regression. An emerging therapy that meets several criteria of an effective anti-fibrotic treatment, is the recombinant drug-based form of the human hormone, relaxin (also referred to as serelaxin, which is bioactive in several other species). This review outlines the broad anti-fibrotic and related organ-protective roles of relaxin, mainly from studies conducted in preclinical models of ageing and fibrotic disease, including its ability to ameliorate several aspects of fibrosis progression and maturation, from immune cell infiltration, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokine secretion, oxidative stress, organ hypertrophy, cell apoptosis, myofibroblast differentiation and ECM production, to its ability to facilitate established ECM degradation. Studies that have compared and/or combined these therapeutic effects of relaxin with current standard of care medication have also been discussed, along with the main challenges that have hindered the translation of the anti-fibrotic efficacy of relaxin to the clinic. The review then outlines the future directions as to where scientists and several pharmaceutical companies that have recognized the therapeutic potential of relaxin are working towards, to progress its development as a treatment for human patients suffering from various fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Robert G Bennett
- Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4130, USA.
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5
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Wu B, Gao F, Lin J, Lu L, Xu H, Xu GT. Conditioned Medium of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Alleviates Experimental Allergic Conjunctivitis Mainly by IL-1ra and IL-10. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774601. [PMID: 34880869 PMCID: PMC8645696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most prevalent form of mucosal allergy, and the conditioned medium (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells has been reported to attenuate some allergic diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of CM from different tissue stem cells (TSC-CM) on allergic diseases have not been tested. Here, we studied the effects of topical administration of different human TSC-CM on experimental AC (EAC) mice. Only human amniotic epithelial cell-CM (AECM) significantly attenuated allergic eye symptoms and reduced the infiltration of immune cells and the levels of local inflammatory factors in the conjunctiva compared to EAC mice. In addition, AECM treatment decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) release, histamine production, and the hyperpermeability of conjunctival vessels. Protein chip assays revealed that the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-10, were higher in AECM compared to other TSC-CM. Furthermore, the anti-allergic effects of AECM on EAC mice were abrogated when neutralized with IL-1ra or IL-10 antibody, and the similar phenomenon was for the activation and function of B cells and mast cells. Together, the present study demonstrated that AECM alleviates EAC symptoms by multiple anti-allergic mechanisms mainly via IL-1ra and IL-10. Such topical AECM therapy may represent a novel and feasible strategy for treating AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Mazarakis N, Vongsvivut J, Bambery KR, Ververis K, Tobin MJ, Royce SG, Samuel CS, Snibson KJ, Licciardi PV, Karagiannis TC. Investigation of molecular mechanisms of experimental compounds in murine models of chronic allergic airways disease using synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11713. [PMID: 32678217 PMCID: PMC7366655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovalbumin-induced (OVA) chronic allergic airways murine model is a well-established model for investigating pre-clinical therapies for chronic allergic airways diseases, such as asthma. Here, we examined the effects of several experimental compounds with potential anti-asthmatic effects including resveratrol (RV), relaxin (RLN), l-sulforaphane (LSF), valproic acid (VPA), and trichostatin A (TSA) using both a prevention and reversal model of chronic allergic airways disease. We undertook a novel analytical approach using focal plane array (FPA) and synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared (S-FTIR) microspectroscopic techniques to provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of these experimental compounds. Apart from the typical biological effects, S-FTIR microspectroscopy was able to detect changes in nucleic acids and protein acetylation. Further, we validated the reduction in collagen deposition induced by each experimental compound evaluated. Although this has previously been observed with conventional histological methods, the S-FTIR technique has the advantage of allowing identification of the type of collagen present. More generally, our findings highlight the potential utility of S-FTIR and FPA-FTIR imaging techniques in enabling a better mechanistic understanding of novel asthma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mazarakis
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | | | | | - Katherine Ververis
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Mark J Tobin
- ANSTO Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Simon G Royce
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Kenneth J Snibson
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Tom C Karagiannis
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Lim R. Concise Review: Fetal Membranes in Regenerative Medicine: New Tricks from an Old Dog? Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 6:1767-1776. [PMID: 28834402 PMCID: PMC5689753 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of the fetal membranes dates back to nearly a century. Their use has ranged from superficial skin dressings to surgical wound closure. The applications of the fetal membranes are constantly evolving, and key to this is the uncovering of multiple populations of stem and stem-like cells, each with unique properties that can be exploited for regenerative medicine. In addition to pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties of the stem and stem-like cells arising from the fetal membranes, the dehydrated and/or decellularized forms of the fetal membranes have been used to support the growth and function of other cells and tissues, including adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. This concise review explores the biological origin of the fetal membranes, a history of their use in medicine, and recent developments in the use of fetal membranes and their derived stem and stem-like cells in regenerative medicine. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1767-1776.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Royce SG, Patel KP, Mao W, Zhu D, Lim R, Samuel CS. Serelaxin enhances the therapeutic effects of human amnion epithelial cell-derived exosomes in experimental models of lung disease. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2195-2208. [PMID: 30883698 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is growing interest in stem cell-derived exosomes for their therapeutic and regenerative benefits given their manufacturing and regulatory advantages over cell-based therapies. As existing fibrosis impedes the viability and efficacy of stem cell/exosome-based strategies for treating chronic diseases, here we tested the effects of the anti-fibrotic drug, serelaxin, on the therapeutic efficacy of human amnion epithelial cell (AEC)-derived exosomes in experimental lung disease. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Female Balb/c mice were subjected to either the 9.5-week model of ovalbumin and naphthalene (OVA/NA)-induced chronic allergic airway disease (AAD) or 3-week model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis; then administered increasing concentrations of AEC-exosomes (5 μg or 25μg), with or without serelaxin (0.5mg/kg/day) for 7-days. 1x106 AECs co-administered with serelaxin over the corresponding time-period were included for comparison in both models, as was pirfenidone-treatment of the BLM model. Control groups received saline/corn oil or saline, respectively. KEY RESULTS Both experimental models presented with significant tissue inflammation, remodelling, fibrosis and airway/lung dysfunction at the time-points studied. While AEC-exosome (5 μg or 25μg)-administration alone demonstrated some benefits in each model, serelaxin was required for AEC-exosomes (25μg) to rapidly normalise chronic AAD-induced airway fibrosis and airway reactivity, and BLM-induced lung inflammation, epithelial damage and subepithelial/basement membrane fibrosis. Combining serelaxin with AEC-exosomes (25μg) also demonstrated broader protection compared to co-administration of serelaxin with 1x106 AECs or pirfenidone. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Serelaxin enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of AEC-exosomes in treating basement membrane-induced fibrosis and related airway dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Royce
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Krupesh P Patel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - WeiYi Mao
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dandan Zhu
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Royce SG, Mao W, Lim R, Kelly K, Samuel CS. iPSC- and mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells provide greater protection against experimental chronic allergic airways disease compared with a clinically used corticosteroid. FASEB J 2019; 33:6402-6411. [PMID: 30768365 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The airway remodeling (AWR) associated with chronic allergic airways disease (AAD)/asthma contributes to irreversible airway obstruction. This study compared and combined the antiremodeling and other effects of induced pluripotent stem cell and mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MCA-MSCs) with the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Dex) in experimental chronic AAD/asthma. Female BALB/c mice subjected to 11 wk of ovalbumin (Ova)-induced chronic AAD were intranasally administered MCA-MSCs (1 × 106 cells/mouse; once weekly on wk 10 and 11), Dex (0.5 mg/ml; once daily for 2 wk), or both combined. MCA-MSC detection and changes in airway inflammation (AI), AWR, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were measured at the end of wk 11. Mice with chronic AAD had significant AI, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial damage/thickening, aberrant TGF-β1 levels, subepithelial myofibroblast accumulation, airway/lung fibrosis, and AHR (all P < 0.001 vs. healthy controls). MCA-MSCs were detected in the lungs up to 5-7 d postadministration and demonstrated modest anti-inflammatory but striking antifibrotic effects against Ova-induced AAD, effectively decreasing AHR by 70-75% (all P < 0.05 vs. Ova alone). In comparison, Dex predominantly demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects, decreasing AHR by ∼30%. Combining MCA-MSCs with Dex provided equivalent protection to that offered by either therapy alone. MCA-MSCs reduce chronic AAD-induced AWR and AHR to a greater extent than Dex and may act as a suitable adjunct therapy to corticosteroid treatment of asthma.-Royce, S. G., Mao, W., Lim, R., Kelly, K., Samuel, C. S. iPSC- and mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells provide greater protection against experimental chronic allergic airways disease compared with a clinically used corticosteroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Royce
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - WeiYi Mao
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kilian Kelly
- Cynata Therapeutics, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Lam M, Royce SG, Samuel CS, Bourke JE. Serelaxin as a novel therapeutic opposing fibrosis and contraction in lung diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:61-70. [PMID: 29447958 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The most common therapies for asthma and other chronic lung diseases are anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators. While these drugs oppose disease symptoms, they do not reverse established structural changes in the airways and their therapeutic efficacy is reduced with increasing disease severity. The peptide hormone, relaxin, is a Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 1 (RXFP1) receptor agonist with unique combined effects in the lung that differentiates it from these existing therapies. Relaxin has previously been reported to have cardioprotective effects in acute heart failure as well anti-fibrotic actions in several organs. This review focuses on recent experimental evidence of the beneficial effects of chronic relaxin treatment in animal models of airways disease demonstrating inhibition of airway hyperresponsiveness and reversal of established fibrosis, consistent with potential therapeutic benefit. Of particular interest, accumulating evidence demonstrates that relaxin can also acutely oppose contraction by reducing the release of mast cell-derived bronchoconstrictors and by directly eliciting bronchodilation. When used in combination, chronic and acute treatment with relaxin has been shown to enhance responsiveness to both glucocorticoids and β2-adrenoceptor agonists respectively. While the mechanisms underlying these beneficial actions remain to be fully elucidated, translation of these promising combined preclinical findings is critical in the development of relaxin as a novel alternative or adjunct therapeutic opposing multiple aspects of airway pathology in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Lam
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon G Royce
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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11
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Royce SG, Rele S, Broughton BRS, Kelly K, Samuel CS. Intranasal administration of mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells abrogates airway fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness associated with chronic allergic airways disease. FASEB J 2017. [PMID: 28626025 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700178r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Structural changes known as airway remodeling (AWR) characterize chronic/severe asthma and contribute to lung dysfunction. Thus, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of induced pluripotent stem cell and mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MCA-MSCs) on AWR in a murine model of chronic allergic airways disease (AAD)/asthma. Female Balb/c mice were subjected to a 9-wk model of ovalbumin (Ova)-induced chronic AAD and treated intravenously or intranasally with MCA-MSCs from weeks 9 to 11. Changes in airway inflammation (AI), AWR, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were assessed. Ova-injured mice presented with AI, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial thickening, increased airway TGF-β1 levels, subepithelial myofibroblast and collagen accumulation, total lung collagen concentration, and AHR (all P < 0.001 vs. uninjured control group). Apart from epithelial thickness, all other parameters measured were significantly, although not totally, decreased by intravenous delivery of MCA-MSCs to Ova-injured mice. In comparison, intranasal delivery of MCA-MSCs to Ova-injured mice significantly decreased all parameters measured (all P < 0.05 vs. Ova group) and, most notably, normalized aberrant airway TGF-β1 levels, airway/lung fibrosis, and AHR to values measured in uninjured animals. MCA-MSCs also increased collagen-degrading gelatinase levels. Hence, direct delivery of MCA-MSCs offers great therapeutic benefit for the AWR and AHR associated with chronic AAD.-Royce, S. G., Rele, S., Broughton, B. R. S., Kelly, K., Samuel, C. S. Intranasal administration of mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells abrogates airway fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness associated with chronic allergic airways disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Royce
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; .,Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Siddharth Rele
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brad R S Broughton
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Pharmacology Group, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kilian Kelly
- Cynata Therapeutics, Armadale, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;
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Abstract
Fibrosis is a major player in cardiovascular disease, both as a contributor to the development of disease, as well as a post-injury response that drives progression. Despite the identification of many mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular fibrosis, to date no treatments have emerged that have effectively reduced the excess deposition of extracellular matrix associated with fibrotic conditions. Novel treatments have recently been identified that hold promise as potential therapeutic agents for cardiovascular diseases associated with fibrosis, as well as other fibrotic conditions. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of emerging antifibrotic agents that have shown encouraging results in preclinical or early clinical studies, but have not yet been approved for use in human disease. One of these agents is bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7), which has beneficial effects in multiple models of fibrotic disease. Another approach discussed involves altering the levels of micro-RNA (miR) species, including miR-29 and miR-101, which regulate the expression of fibrosis-related gene targets. Further, the antifibrotic potential of agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors will be discussed. Finally, evidence will be reviewed in support of the polypeptide hormone relaxin. Relaxin is long known for its extracellular remodeling properties in pregnancy, and is rapidly emerging as an effective antifibrotic agent in a number of organ systems. Moreover, relaxin has potent vascular and renal effects that make it a particularly attractive approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In each case, the mechanism of action and the applicability to various fibrotic diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita L McVicker
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, OmahaNE, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNE, United States
| | - Robert G Bennett
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, OmahaNE, United States.,The Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNE, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, OmahaNE, United States
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