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Park J, Kim BY, Park EJ, Shin YI, Ryu JH. Photobiomodulation Mitigates PM 2.5-Exacerbated Pathologies in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1003. [PMID: 39199248 PMCID: PMC11351905 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5, is known to exacerbate asthma, posing a significant public health risk. This study investigated the asthma-reducing effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) in a mice model mimicking allergic airway inflammation exacerbated by PM2.5 exposure. The mice received sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and were subsequently treated with PM2.5 at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg every 3 days, for 9 times over 3 weeks during the challenge. PBM, using a 610 nm wavelength LED, was applied at 1.7 mW/cm2 to the respiratory tract via direct skin contact for 20 min daily for 19 days. Results showed that PBM significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, plasma immunoglobulin E (IgE) and OVA-specific IgE, airway inflammation, T-helper type 2 cytokine, histamine and tryptase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and goblet cell hyperplasia in PM2.5-exposed asthmatic mice. Moreover, PBM alleviated subepithelial fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition, airway smooth muscle mass, and expression of fibrosis-related genes. It mitigated reactive oxygen species generation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptotic cell death, ferroptosis, and modulated autophagic signals in the asthmatic mice exposed to PM2.5. These findings suggest that PBM could be a promising intervention for PM2.5-induced respiratory complications in patients with allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Park
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (B.-Y.K.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (B.-Y.K.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (B.-Y.K.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (B.-Y.K.); (E.J.P.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ryu
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (B.-Y.K.); (E.J.P.)
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2
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Chang-Chien J, Kuo ML, Tseng YL, Huang HY, Tsai HJ, Yao TC. Differential effects of long- and short-term exposure to PM 2.5 on accelerating telomere shortening: from in vitro to epidemiological studies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116650. [PMID: 38964064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to air pollutants has been associated with DNA damage and increases the risks of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and COPD; however short- and long-term effects of air pollutants on telomere dysfunction remain unclear. We investigated the impact of short- and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 μm (PM2.5) on telomere length in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, and assessed the potential correlation between PM2.5 exposure and telomere length in the LIGHTS childhood cohort study. We observed that long-term, but not short-term, PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with telomere shortening, along with the downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, long-term exposure to PM2.5 induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion, notably interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8, triggered subG1 cell cycle arrest, and ultimately caused cell death. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 upregulated the LC3-II/ LC3-I ratio but led to p62 protein accumulation in BEAS-2B cells, suggesting a blockade of autophagic flux. Moreover, consistent with our in vitro findings, our epidemiological study found significant association between annual average exposure to higher PM2.5 and shortening of leukocyte telomere length in children. However, no significant association between 7-day short-term exposure to PM2.5 and leukocyte telomere length was observed in children. By combining in vitro experimental and epidemiological studies, our findings provide supportive evidence linking potential regulatory mechanisms to population level with respect to long-term PM2.5 exposure to telomere shortening in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Chang-Chien
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lung Tseng
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan; College of Life Sciences and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
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Nucera F, Di Stefano A, Ricciardolo FLM, Gnemmi I, Pizzimenti C, Monaco F, Tuccari G, Caramori G, Ieni A. Role of ATG4 Autophagy-Related Protein Family in the Lower Airways of Patients with Stable COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8182. [PMID: 39125750 PMCID: PMC11311497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex physiological pathway mediating homeostasis and survival of cells degrading damaged organelles and regulating their recycling. Physiologic autophagy can maintain normal lung function, decrease lung cellular senescence, and inhibit myofibroblast differentiation. It is well known that autophagy is activated in several chronic inflammatory diseases; however, its role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the expression of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in lower airways of COPD patients is still controversial. The expression and localization of all ATG proteins that represented key components of the autophagic machinery modulating elongation, closure, and maturation of autophagosome membranes were retrospectively measured in peripheral lungs of patients with stable COPD (n = 10), control smokers with normal lung function (n = 10), and control nonsmoking subjects (n = 8) using immunohistochemical analysis. These results show an increased expression of ATG4 protein in alveolar septa and bronchiolar epithelium of stable COPD patients compared to smokers with normal lung function and non-smoker subjects. In particular, the genes in the ATG4 protein family (including ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C, and ATG4D) that have a key role in the modulation of the physiological autophagic machinery are the most important ATGs increased in the compartment of lower airways of stable COPD patients, suggesting that the alteration shown in COPD patients can be also correlated to impaired modulation of autophagic machinery modulating elongation, closure, and maturation of autophagosomes membranes. Statistical analysis was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test for comparison between groups. A statistically significant increased expression of ATG4A (p = 0.0047), ATG4D (p = 0.018), and ATG5 (p = 0.019) was documented in the bronchiolar epithelium as well in alveolar lining for ATG4A (p = 0.0036), ATG4B (p = 0.0054), ATG4C (p = 0.0064), ATG4D (p = 0.0084), ATG5 (p = 0.0088), and ATG7 (p = 0.018) in patients with stable COPD compared to control groups. The ATG4 isoforms may be considered as additional potential targets for the development of new drugs in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, Section of Pneumology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Gattico-Veruno, Section of Pneumology, Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology in Cardio Respiratory System, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy; (A.D.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Severe Asthma, Rare Lung Disease and Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Gattico-Veruno, Section of Pneumology, Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology in Cardio Respiratory System, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy; (A.D.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Cristina Pizzimenti
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age ‘Gaetano Barresi’, Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, Section of Toracic Surgery, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age ‘Gaetano Barresi’, Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sections of Pneumology, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age ‘Gaetano Barresi’, Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.P.); (G.T.)
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Wang T, Fu P, Huang W, Long L, Long F, Liu S. Bronchial thermoplasty decreases airway remodeling by inhibiting autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:730-739. [PMID: 38655617 PMCID: PMC11177112 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial thermoplasty (BT), an effective treatment for severe asthma, requires heat to reach the airway to reduce the mass of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Autophagy is involved in the pathological process of airway remodeling in patients with asthma. However, it remains unclear whether autophagy participates in controlling airway remodeling induced by BT. In this study, we aim to elucidate the autophagy-mediated molecular mechanisms in BT. Our study reveal that the number of autophagosomes and the level of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) fluorescence are significantly decreased in airway biopsy tissues after BT. As the temperature increased, BT causes a decrease in cell proliferation and a concomitant increase in the apoptosis of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Furthermore, increase in temperature significantly downregulates cellular autophagy, autophagosome accumulation, the LC3II/LC3I ratio, and Beclin-1 expression, upregulates p62 expression, and inhibits the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, cotreatment with AICAR (an AMPK agonist) or RAPA (an mTOR antagonist) abolishes the inhibition of autophagy and attenuates the increase in the apoptosis rate of HASMCs induced by the thermal effect. Therefore, we conclude that BT decreases airway remodeling by blocking autophagy induced by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in HASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518106China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510630China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518106China
| | - Wenting Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518106China
| | - Liang Long
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518106China
| | - Fa Long
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518106China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510630China
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5
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Liu X, Wang B. Histone lactylation regulates autophagy of hyperplastic scar fibroblasts by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of phosphatase and tensin homologue. Wound Repair Regen 2024. [PMID: 38764180 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hyperplastic scar (HS) is an overreaction of tissue to skin injury caused by local fibroblast proliferation and excessive collagen production. Histone posttranslational modification patterns are important epigenetic processes that control various biological activities. This study was designed to investigate the effects of histone lactylation on HS and the underlying mechanism. Western blot was used to analyse the lactylation level in HS patients and fibroblasts (HSFs). In vitro experiments, western blot, cell counting kit-8, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect the collagen level, cell viability, and autophagy, respectively. The relationship between snai2 (SLUG) and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) was assessed by RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The results showed that the histone lactylation level was upregulated in HS tissues and HSFs. HSFs showed increased collagen production and cell viability, and decreased autophagy. Silencing of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) promoted the transcription of PTEN by inhibiting SLUG, thus promoting autophagy. Knockdown of LDHA inhibited collagen deposition and cell viability, and increased autophagy in HSFs, and the results were reversed after PTEN inhibition. In summary, histone lactylation inhibited the transcription activity of PTEN by promoting SLUG, thereby suppressing autophagy and promoting collagen deposition and cell viability of HSFs, which might provide effective therapeutic strategies in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Roth-Walter F, Adcock IM, Benito-Villalvilla C, Bianchini R, Bjermer L, Caramori G, Cari L, Chung KF, Diamant Z, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Knol EF, Jesenak M, Levi-Schaffer F, Nocentini G, O'Mahony L, Palomares O, Redegeld F, Sokolowska M, Van Esch BCAM, Stellato C. Metabolic pathways in immune senescence and inflammaging: Novel therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory lung diseases. An EAACI position paper from the Task Force for Immunopharmacology. Allergy 2024; 79:1089-1122. [PMID: 38108546 DOI: 10.1111/all.15977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells drives inflammaging and increases morbidity of chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Immune responses are built upon dynamic changes in cell metabolism that supply energy and substrates for cell proliferation, differentiation, and activation. Metabolic changes imposed by environmental stress and inflammation on immune cells and tissue microenvironment are thus chiefly involved in the pathophysiology of allergic and other immune-driven diseases. Altered cell metabolism is also a hallmark of cell senescence, a condition characterized by loss of proliferative activity in cells that remain metabolically active. Accelerated senescence can be triggered by acute or chronic stress and inflammatory responses. In contrast, replicative senescence occurs as part of the physiological aging process and has protective roles in cancer surveillance and wound healing. Importantly, cell senescence can also change or hamper response to diverse therapeutic treatments. Understanding the metabolic pathways of senescence in immune and structural cells is therefore critical to detect, prevent, or revert detrimental aspects of senescence-related immunopathology, by developing specific diagnostics and targeted therapies. In this paper, we review the main changes and metabolic alterations occurring in senescent immune cells (macrophages, B cells, T cells). Subsequently, we present the metabolic footprints described in translational studies in patients with chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and review the ongoing preclinical studies and clinical trials of therapeutic approaches aiming at targeting metabolic pathways to antagonize pathological senescence. Because this is a recently emerging field in allergy and clinical immunology, a better understanding of the metabolic profile of the complex landscape of cell senescence is needed. The progress achieved so far is already providing opportunities for new therapies, as well as for strategies aimed at disease prevention and supporting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I M Adcock
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Bianchini
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lung and Allergy research, Allergy, Asthma and COPD Competence Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - G Caramori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pneumologia, Italy
| | - L Cari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - K F Chung
- Experimental Studies Medicine at National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London & Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital, London, UK
| | - Z Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen and QPS-NL, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - I Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-ARADyAL, Málaga, Spain
| | - E F Knol
- Departments of Center of Translational Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Jesenak
- Department of Paediatrics, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, University Teaching Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - F Levi-Schaffer
- Institute for Drug Research, Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - G Nocentini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - O Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - B C A M Van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Zare'i M, Rabieepour M, Ghareaghaji R, Zarrin R, Faghfouri AH. Nanocurcumin supplementation improves pulmonary function in severe COPD patients: A randomized, double blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1224-1234. [PMID: 38178561 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of nano-curcumin on respiratory indices and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients as a common pulmonary disease causing restricted airflow and breathing problems. In the current double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial study, 60 patients with stages 3 and 4 COPD were randomly assigned into 80 mg nano-curcumin (n = 30) and placebo groups (n = 30) for 3 months. The effect of nano-curcumin on pulmonary function was evaluated by the first second of forced expiration (FEV1) to the full, forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio. IL-6 serum level, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices were also measured. Nano-curcumin supplementation led to a significant decrease in IL-6 level (p < 0.001) and an increase in FEV1 (p < 0.001), FVC (p = 0.003), and FEV1/FVC (p < 0.001) compared to placebo at the endpoint. Nano-curcumin had a significantly increasing effect on weight and body mass index compared to the placebo group (PANCOVA adjusted for baseline values = 0.042). There was a meaningful improvement in systolic blood pressure in the nano-curcumin group compared to the placebo group (PANCOVA adjusted for baseline values = 0.026). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and diastolic blood pressure (PANCOVA adjusted for baseline values >0.05). Nano-curcumin supplement seems to have favorable effects on inflammation status and respiratory indices of patients with severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Zare'i
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rabieepour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghareaghaji
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rasoul Zarrin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Jin F, Fan P, Wu Y, Yang Q, Li J, Liu H. Efficacy and Mechanisms of Natural Products as Therapeutic Interventions for Chronic Respiratory Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:57-88. [PMID: 38353634 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases are long-term conditions affecting the airways and other lung components that are characterized by a high prevalence, disability rate, and mortality rate. Further optimization of their treatment is required. Natural products, primarily extracted from organisms, possess specific molecular and structural formulas as well as distinct chemical and physical properties. These characteristics grant them the advantages of safety, gentleness, accessibility, and minimal side effects. The numerous advances in the use of natural products for treating chronic respiratory diseases have provided a steady source of motivation for new drug research and development. In this paper, we introduced the pathogenesis of chronic respiratory diseases and natural products. Furthermore, we classified natural products according to their mechanism for treating chronic respiratory diseases and describe the ways in which these products can alleviate the pathological symptoms. Simultaneously, we elaborate on the signal transduction pathways and biological impacts of natural products' targeting. Additionally, we present future prospects for natural products, considering their combination treatment approaches and administration methods. The significance of this review extends to both the research on preventing and treating chronic respiratory diseases, as well as the advancement of novel drug development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pengbei Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC) Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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9
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Craparo EF, Cabibbo M, Scialabba C, Casula L, Lai F, Cavallaro G. Rapamycin-based inhaled therapy for potential treatment of COPD-related inflammation: production and characterization of aerosolizable nano into micro (NiM) particles. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:387-401. [PMID: 37997957 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Our paper describes the production and characterization of inhalable microparticles loaded with nanoparticles for the lung administration of rapamycin (Rapa). In detail, core-shell lipid/polymer hybrid nanoparticles loaded with Rapa (Rapa@Man-LPHNPs) were produced with mean size of about 128 nm and slightly negative ζ potential (-13.8 mV). A fluorescent graft polyaspartamide-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PHEA-g-RhB-g-PLGA) for use as the polymeric core was obtained by nanoprecipitation, while an appropriate mixture of DPPC and mannosylated phospholipid (DSPE-PEG2000-Man) was used to provide the macrophage-targeting lipid shell. The successful formation of Rapa@Man-LPHNPs was confirmed by TEM and DSC analyses. The loaded drug (4.3 wt% of the total weight) was slowly released from the polymeric core and protected from hydrolysis, with the amount of intact drug after 24 h of incubation in the medium being equal to 74 wt% (compared to 40% when the drug is freely incubated at the same concentration). To obtain a formulation administrable by inhalation, Rapa@Man-LPHNPs were entrapped inside PVA : LEU microparticles by using the nano into micro (NiM) strategy, specifically by spray drying (SD) in the presence of a pore-forming agent. In this way, NiM particles with geometric and theoretical aerodynamic diameters equal to 4.52 μm and 3.26 μm, respectively, were obtained. Furthermore, these particles showed optimal nebulization performance, having an FPF and an MMAD equal to 27.5% and 4.3 μm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Fabiola Craparo
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy.
| | - Marta Cabibbo
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Scialabba
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy.
| | - Luca Casula
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Lai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy.
- Advanced Technology and Network Center (ATeN Center), University of Palermo, Palermo 90133, Italy
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10
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Xu J, Yu Z, Liu X. Angiotensin-(1-7) suppresses airway inflammation and airway remodeling via inhibiting ATG5 in allergic asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:422. [PMID: 37919667 PMCID: PMC10623740 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) can reduce airway inflammation and airway remodeling in allergic asthma. Autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) has attracted wide attentions in asthma. However, the effects of Ang-(1-7) on ATG5-mediated autophagy in allergic asthma are unclear. METHODS In this study, human bronchial epithelial cell (BEAS-2B) and human bronchial smooth muscle cell (HBSMC) were treated with different dose of Ang-(1-7) to observe changes of cell viability. Changes of ATG5 protein expression were measured in 10 ng/mL of interleukin (IL)-13-treated cells. Transfection of ATG5 small interference RNA (siRNA) or ATG5 cDNA in cells was used to analyze the effects of ATG5 on secretion of cytokines in the IL-13-treated cells. The effects of Ang-(1-7) were compared to the effects of ATG5 siRNA transfection or ATG5 cDNA transfection in the IL-13-treated cells. In wild-type (WT) mice and ATG5 knockout (ATG5-/-) mice, ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation, fibrosis and autophagy were observed. In the OVA-induced WT mice, Ang-(1-7) treatment was performed to observe its effects on airway inflammation, fibrosis and autophagy. RESULTS The results showed that ATG5 protein level was decreased with Ang-(1-7) dose administration in the IL-13-treated BEAS-2B and IL13-treated HBSMC. Ang-(1-7) played similar results to ATG5 siRNA that it suppressed the secretion of IL-25 and IL-13 in the IL-13-treated BEAS-2B cells, and inhibited the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein in the IL-13-treated HBSMC cells. ATG5 cDNA treatment significantly increased the secretion of IL-25 and IL-13 and expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA protein in IL-13-treated cells. Ang-(1-7) treatment suppressed the effects of ATG5 cDNA in the IL-13-treated cells. In OVA-induced WT mice, Ang-(1-7) treatment suppressed airway inflammation, remodeling and autophagy. ATG5 knockout also suppressed the airway inflammation, remodeling and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Ang-(1-7) treatment suppressed airway inflammation and remodeling in allergic asthma through inhibiting ATG5, providing an underlying mechanism of Ang-(1-7) for allergic asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No.20, Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264001, China
| | - Zhenyu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 246001, China
| | - Xueping Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No.20, Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264001, China.
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11
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Levra S, Rosani U, Gnemmi I, Brun P, Leonardi A, Carriero V, Bertolini F, Balbi B, Profita M, Ricciardolo FLM, Di Stefano A. Impaired autophagy in the lower airways and lung parenchyma in stable COPD. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00423-2023. [PMID: 38111541 PMCID: PMC10726222 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00423-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence of autophagy activation in COPD, but its role is complex and probably regulated through cell type-specific mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the autophagic process at multiple levels within the respiratory system, using different methods to clarify conflicting results reported so far. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on bronchial biopsies and peripheral lung samples obtained from COPD patients (30 and 12 per sample type, respectively) and healthy controls (25 and 22 per sample type, respectively), divided by smoking history. Subjects were matched for age and smoking history. We analysed some of the most important proteins involved in autophagosome formation, such as LC3 and p62, as well as some molecules essential for lysosome function, such as lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the autophagic process in both sample types. ELISA and transcriptomic analysis were performed on lung samples. Results We found increased autophagic stimulus in smoking subjects, regardless of respiratory function. This was revealed by immunohistochemistry through a significant increase in LC3 (p<0.01) and LAMP1 (p<0.01) in small airway bronchiolar epithelium, alveolar septa and alveolar macrophages. Similar results were obtained in bronchial biopsy epithelium by evaluating LC3B (p<0.05), also increased in homogenate lung tissue using ELISA (p<0.05). Patients with COPD, unlike the others, showed an increase in p62 by ELISA (p<0.05). No differences were found in transcriptomics analysis. Conclusions Different techniques, applied at post-transcriptional level, confirm that cigarette smoke stimulates autophagy at multiple levels inside the respiratory system, and that autophagy failure may characterise COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Levra
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Profita
- Section of Palermo, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Section of Palermo, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Palermo, Italy
- Severe Asthma and Rare Lung Disease Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Turin, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
- These authors contributed equally
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12
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Tang D, Kang R. SQSTM1 is a therapeutic target for infection and sterile inflammation. Cytokine 2023; 169:156317. [PMID: 37542833 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation represents a fundamental immune response triggered by various detrimental stimuli, such as infections, tissue damage, toxins, and foreign substances. Protein degradation plays a crucial role in regulating the inflammatory process at multiple levels. The identification of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1, also known as p62) protein as a binding partner of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase in 1995 marked a significant milestone. Subsequent investigations unveiled the activity of SQSTM1 to interact with diverse unstructured substrates, including proteins, organelles, and pathogens, facilitating their delivery to the lysosome for autophagic degradation. In addition to its well-established intracellular functions, emerging studies have reported the active secretion or passive release of SQSTM1 by immune or non-immune cells, orchestrating the inflammatory responses. These distinct characteristics render SQSTM1 a critical therapeutic target in numerous human diseases, including infectious diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and modulation of SQSTM1, discusses its intracellular and extracellular roles in inflammation, and highlights its significance in inflammation-related diseases. Future investigations focusing on elucidating the precise localization, structure, post-translational modifications of SQSTM1, as well as the identification of additional interacting partners, hold promise for unravelling further insights into the multifaceted functions of SQSTM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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13
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Albano GD, Montalbano AM, Gagliardo R, Profita M. Autophagy/Mitophagy in Airway Diseases: Impact of Oxidative Stress on Epithelial Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1217. [PMID: 37627282 PMCID: PMC10452925 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the key process by which the cell degrades parts of itself within the lysosomes. It maintains cell survival and homeostasis by removing molecules (particularly proteins), subcellular organelles, damaged cytoplasmic macromolecules, and by recycling the degradation products. The selective removal or degradation of mitochondria is a particular type of autophagy called mitophagy. Various forms of cellular stress (oxidative stress (OS), hypoxia, pathogen infections) affect autophagy by inducing free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation to promote the antioxidant response. Dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy have been found in different respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and asthma, involving epithelial cells. Several existing clinically approved drugs may modulate autophagy to varying extents. However, these drugs are nonspecific and not currently utilized to manipulate autophagy in airway diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of different autophagic pathways with particular attention on the dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy in the epithelial cells during asthma and COPD. Our aim is to further deepen and disclose the research in this direction to stimulate the develop of new and selective drugs to regulate autophagy for asthma and COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Daniela Albano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Section of Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.M.); (R.G.); (M.P.)
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14
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Liu L, Zhou L, Wang LL, Zheng PD, Zhang FQ, Mao ZY, Zhang HJ, Liu HG. Programmed Cell Death in Asthma: Apoptosis, Autophagy, Pyroptosis, Ferroptosis, and Necroptosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2727-2754. [PMID: 37415620 PMCID: PMC10321329 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s417801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a complex heterogeneous airway disease, which has emerged as a global health issue. A comprehensive understanding of the different molecular mechanisms of bronchial asthma may be an efficient means to improve its clinical efficacy in the future. Increasing research evidence indicates that some types of programmed cell death (PCD), including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis, contributed to asthma pathogenesis, and may become new targets for future asthma treatment. This review briefly discusses the molecular mechanism and signaling pathway of these forms of PCD focuses on summarizing their roles in the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of asthma and offers some efficient means to improve clinical efficacy of therapeutics for asthma in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Dou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Qin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Guo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Wang WJ, Peng K, Lu X, Zhu YY, Li Z, Qian QH, Yao YX, Fu L, Wang Y, Huang YC, Zhao H, Wang H, Xu DX, Tan ZX. Long-term cadmium exposure induces chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-like lung lesions in a mouse model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163073. [PMID: 36965727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences demonstrate that long-term exposure to atmospheric fine particles and air pollutants elevates the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cadmium (Cd) is one of the important toxic substances in atmospheric fine particles and air pollutants. In this study, we aimed to establish a mouse model to evaluate whether respiratory Cd exposure induces COPD-like lung injury. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CdCl2 (10 mg/L, 4 h per day) by inhaling aerosol for either 10 weeks (short-term) or 6 months (long-term). The mean serum Cd concentration was 6.26 μg/L in Cd-exposed mice. Lung weight and coefficient were elevated in long-term Cd-exposed mice. Pathological scores and alveolar destructive indices were increased in long-term Cd-exposed mouse lungs. Mean linear intercept and airway wall thickness were accordingly elevated in Cd-exposed mice. Inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious and inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TGF-β, were up-regulated in Cd-exposed mouse lungs. α-SMA, N-cadherin and vimentin, epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, and extracellular matrix collagen deposition around small airway, determined by Masson's trichrome staining, were shown in Cd-exposed mouse lungs. COPD-characteristic lung function decline was observed in long-term Cd-exposed mice. These outcomes show that long-term respiratory exposure to Cd induces COPD-like lung lesions for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing-Hua Qian
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya-Xin Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yi-Chao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhu-Xia Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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16
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Barnes PJ. Senotherapy for lung diseases. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 98:249-271. [PMID: 37524489 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that there is acceleration of lung ageing in chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with the accumulation of senescent cells in the lung. Senescent cells fail to repair tissue damage and release an array of inflammatory proteins, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which drive further senescence and disease progression. This suggests that targeting cellular senescence with senotherapies may treat the underlying disease process in COPD and IPF and thus reduce disease progression and mortality. Several existing or future drugs may inhibit the development of cellular senescence which is driven by chronic oxidative stress (senostatics), including inhibitors of PI3K-mTOR signalling pathways, antagomirs of critical microRNAs and novel antioxidants. Other drugs (senolytics) selectively remove senescent cells by promoting apoptosis. Clinical studies with senotherapies are already underway in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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17
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Nourian YH, Salimian J, Ahmadi A, Salehi Z, Karimi M, Emamvirdizadeh A, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Ghanei M. cAMP-PDE signaling in COPD: Review of cellular, molecular and clinical features. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101438. [PMID: 36865738 PMCID: PMC9971187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death among non-contagious diseases in the world. PDE inhibitors are among current medicines prescribed for COPD treatment of which, PDE-4 family is the predominant PDE isoform involved in hydrolyzing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) that regulates the inflammatory responses in neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages and epithelial cells The aim of this study is to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cAMP-PDE signaling, as an important pathway in the treatment management of patients with COPD. In this review, a comprehensive literature review was performed about the effect of PDEs in COPD. Generally, PDEs are overexpressed in COPD patients, resulting in cAMP inactivation and decreased cAMP hydrolysis from AMP. At normal amounts, cAMP is one of the essential agents in regulating metabolism and suppressing inflammatory responses. Low amount of cAMP lead to activation of downstream inflammatory signaling pathways. PDE4 and PDE7 mRNA transcript levels were not altered in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and CD8 lymphocytes originating from the peripheral venous blood of stable COPD subjects compared to healthy controls. Therefore, cAMP-PDE signaling pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways involved in COPD. By examining the effects of different drugs in this signaling pathway critical steps can be taken in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazdan Hasani Nourian
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Karimi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Emamvirdizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Bio Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Li S, Huang Q, He B. SIRT1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Lung 2023; 201:201-215. [PMID: 36790647 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and lung function decline. It is well established that COPD represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Due to the substantial economic and social burdens associated with COPD, it is necessary to discover new targets and develop novel beneficial therapies. Although the pathogenesis of COPD is complex and remains to be robustly elucidated, numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, autophagy, and aging are involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase belonging to the silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) family. Multiple studies have indicated that SIRT1 plays an important role in oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, and cellular senescence, which contributes to the pathogenesis and development of COPD. This review aimed to discuss the functions and mechanisms of SIRT1 in the progression of COPD and concluded that SIRT1 activation might be a potential therapeutic strategy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Baimei He
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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19
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Rahman MA, Rahman MS, Parvez MAK, Kim B. The Emerging Role of Autophagy as a Target of Environmental Pollutants: An Update on Mechanisms. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020135. [PMID: 36851010 PMCID: PMC9965655 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular system crucial for cellular homeostasis that protects cells from a broad range of internal and extracellular stresses. Autophagy decreases metabolic load and toxicity by removing damaged cellular components. Environmental contaminants, particularly industrial substances, can influence autophagic flux by enhancing it as a protective response, preventing it, or converting its protective function into a pro-cell death mechanism. Environmental toxic materials are also notorious for their tendency to bioaccumulate and induce pathophysiological vulnerability. Many environmental pollutants have been found to influence stress which increases autophagy. Increasing autophagy was recently shown to improve stress resistance and reduce genetic damage. Moreover, suppressing autophagy or depleting its resources either increases or decreases toxicity, depending on the circumstances. The essential process of selective autophagy is utilized by mammalian cells in order to eliminate particulate matter, nanoparticles, toxic metals, and smoke exposure without inflicting damage on cytosolic components. Moreover, cigarette smoke and aging are the chief causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema; however, the disease's molecular mechanism is poorly known. Therefore, understanding the impacts of environmental exposure via autophagy offers new approaches for risk assessment, protection, and preventative actions which will counter the harmful effects of environmental contaminants on human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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20
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Guo J, Huang X, Dou L, Yan M, Shen T, Tang W, Li J. Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:391. [PMID: 36522308 PMCID: PMC9755275 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy, with the aging of society, a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals. Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, compromise of autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate in the regulation of aging. Furthermore, thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity (such as caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, and nutritional intervention) and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases (depletion of senescent cells, stem cell therapy, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments, and hormone replacement therapy) could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lin Dou
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Tao Shen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jian Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
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21
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Liu SF, Chang HC, Chang YP, Kuo HC, Tsai YC. IL13 Promoter (-1055) Polymorphism Associated with Leukocyte Mitochondria DNA Copy Number in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233787. [PMID: 36497047 PMCID: PMC9736668 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IL13 polymorphism is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with COPD have smaller numbers of mitochondria deoxyribonucleic acid copies (mtDNA-CN) than people without COPD do. However, whether IL13 polymorphism affects the mutation and recombination of mitochondria remains unclear. Data for patients with COPD and non-COPD were collected from Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital to enable a comparison of their leukocyte mtDNA-CN and the association of this information with IL-13 promoter (−1055) polymorphism. This study included 99 patients with COPD and 117 individuals without COPD. The non-COPD individuals included 77 healthy individuals that never smoked and 40 healthy smokers. The patients with COPD exhibited significantly lower mtDNA-CN than non-COPD did (250.34 vs. 440.03; p < 0.001); mtDNA-CN was particularly pronounced in individuals with the IL13 CC and CT genotypes compared with individuals with the TT genotype. When only individuals without COPD were considered and when all participants were considered, the differences in the mtDNA-CNs in individuals with the CC and CT genotypes were more significant than those in individuals with the TT genotype (448.4 and 533.6 vs. 282.8; p < 0.05 in non-COPD group); (368.8 and 362.6 vs. 249.6, p < 0.05 in all participants). The increase mtDNA-CN in the CC and CT genotypes was also more than that in the TT genotype in COPD patients, but showed no significance (260.1 and 230.5 vs. 149.9; p = 0.343). The finding shows that COPD is a mitochondria regulatory disorder and IL-13 promoter (−1055) polymorphism is associated with leukocyte mtDNA-CN. Developing COPD control methods based on mitochondrial regulation will be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Feng Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Medical Department, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-731-7123 (ext. 8199)
| | - Hui-Chuan Chang
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Medical Department, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Medical Department, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chyn Tsai
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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22
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Fang L, Zhang M, Li J, Zhou L, Tamm M, Roth M. Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Mitochondria Damage and Mitophagy in COPD via ERK1/2 MAPK. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213987. [PMID: 36430467 PMCID: PMC9694999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible deterioration of the airway wall. Cigarette smoking is the major trigger, and in vitro studies showed that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induced mitophagy in airway epithelial cells via oxidative stress, but this mechanism was not studied in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Primary ASMCs isolated from COPD patients or non-disease donors were investigated for CSE-induced remodeling and mitochondria structure. Proteins were assessed by Western blots for remodeling: collagen type-I, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin; autophagy: beclin-1, protein62 (p62), light chain (LC)3A/B; mitochondria activity: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II & -IV (MTCO2, MTCO4), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α); lysosomes: early endosome antigen 1, lysosome activated membrane protein 1; and cell signaling: extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Lysotracker and Mitotracker were used to monitor mitochondria morphology and organelle co-localization. Compared with controls, untreated COPD ASMCs showed lower collagen type-I and α-SMA expressions, but increased fibronectin levels. CSE further downregulated collagen type-I and α-SMA expression, but upregulated fibronectin. CSE decreased PGC-1α, MTCO2, and MTCO4, but increased beclin-1, p62, and LC3. CSE upregulated mitophagy and lysosomes activity via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In vitro, cigarette smoke induced the deterioration of ASMCs, which might explain the tissue loss and structural remodeling in COPD bronchi. The results suggest that preventing exceeded mitophagy in ASMCs might present a novel therapeutic target for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ming Zhang
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Junling Li
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Roth
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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23
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Tulen CBM, Duistermaat E, Cremers JWJM, Klerx WNM, Fokkens PHB, Weibolt N, Kloosterboer N, Dentener MA, Gremmer ER, Jessen PJJ, Koene EJC, Maas L, Opperhuizen A, van Schooten FJ, Staal YCM, Remels AHV. Smoking-Associated Exposure of Human Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells to Aldehydes: Impact on Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Mitochondrial Content and Function. Cells 2022; 11:3481. [PMID: 36359877 PMCID: PMC9655975 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating lung disease primarily caused by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). During the pyrolysis and combustion of tobacco, reactive aldehydes such as acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde are formed, which are known to be involved in respiratory toxicity. Although CS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of COPD, the role of aldehydes therein is incompletely understood. To investigate this, we used a physiologically relevant in vitro exposure model of differentiated human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) exposed to CS (one cigarette) or a mixture of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde (at relevant concentrations of one cigarette) or air, in a continuous flow system using a puff-like exposure protocol. Exposure of PBEC to CS resulted in elevated IL-8 cytokine and mRNA levels, increased abundance of constituents associated with autophagy, decreased protein levels of molecules associated with the mitophagy machinery, and alterations in the abundance of regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, decreased transcript levels of basal epithelial cell marker KRT5 were reported after CS exposure. Only parts of these changes were replicated in PBEC upon exposure to a combination of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde. More specifically, aldehydes decreased MAP1LC3A mRNA (autophagy) and BNIP3 protein (mitophagy) and increased ESRRA protein (mitochondrial biogenesis). These data suggest that other compounds in addition to aldehydes in CS contribute to CS-induced dysregulation of constituents controlling mitochondrial content and function in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy B. M. Tulen
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Duistermaat
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Walther N. M. Klerx
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H. B. Fokkens
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Naömi Weibolt
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Kloosterboer
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Primary Lung Culture (PLUC) Facility, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke A. Dentener
- Primary Lung Culture (PLUC) Facility, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric R. Gremmer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Phyllis J. J. Jessen
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Evi J. C. Koene
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lou Maas
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon Opperhuizen
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Office of Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), 3511 GG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne C. M. Staal
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander H. V. Remels
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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24
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Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Tu W, Wan R, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Trivedi R, Gao P. Type II alveolar epithelial cell aryl hydrocarbon receptor protects against allergic airway inflammation through controlling cell autophagy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:964575. [PMID: 35935956 PMCID: PMC9355649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.964575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, has been considered as an important regulator for immune diseases. We have previously shown that AhR protects against allergic airway inflammation. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Objectives We sought to determine whether AhR specifically in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) modulates allergic airway inflammation and its underlying mechanisms. Methods The role of AhR in AT2 cells in airway inflammation was investigated in a mouse model of asthma with AhR conditional knockout mice in AT2 cells (Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f ). The effect of AhR on allergen-induced autophagy was examined by both in vivo and in vitro analyses. The involvement of autophagy in airway inflammation was analyzed by using autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. The AhR-regulated gene profiling in AT2 cells was also investigated by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. Results Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f mice showed exacerbation of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation with elevated Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Notably, an increased allergen-induced autophagy was observed in the lung tissues of Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f mice when compared with wild-type mice. Further analyses suggested a functional axis of AhR-TGF-β1 that is critical in driving allergic airway inflammation through regulating allergen-induced cellular autophagy. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine significantly suppressed cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation, Th2 cytokines in BALFs, and expression of autophagy-related genes LC3 and Atg5 in the lung tissues. In addition, RNA-seq analysis suggests that autophagy is one of the major pathways and that CALCOCO2/NDP52 and S1009 are major autophagy-associated genes in AT2 cells that may contribute to the AhR-mediated cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation and, subsequently, allergic asthma. Conclusion These results suggest that AhR in AT2 cells functions as a protective mechanism against allergic airway inflammation through controlling cell autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruchik Trivedi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Peisong Gao,
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