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Kazemeini S, Nadeem-Tariq A, Shih R, Rafanan J, Ghani N, Vida TA. From Plaques to Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease: The Mitochondrial-Neurovascular-Metabolic Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11720. [PMID: 39519272 PMCID: PMC11546801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a public health challenge due to its progressive neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and memory loss. The amyloid cascade hypothesis, which postulates that the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides initiates a cascade leading to AD, has dominated research and therapeutic strategies. The failure of recent Aβ-targeted therapies to yield conclusive benefits necessitates further exploration of AD pathology. This review proposes the Mitochondrial-Neurovascular-Metabolic (MNM) hypothesis, which integrates mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired neurovascular regulation, and systemic metabolic disturbances as interrelated contributors to AD pathogenesis. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a hallmark of AD, leads to oxidative stress and bioenergetic failure. Concurrently, the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and impaired cerebral blood flow, which characterize neurovascular dysregulation, accelerate neurodegeneration. Metabolic disturbances such as glucose hypometabolism and insulin resistance further impair neuronal function and survival. This hypothesis highlights the interconnectedness of these pathways and suggests that therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial health, neurovascular integrity, and metabolic regulation may offer more effective interventions. The MNM hypothesis addresses these multifaceted aspects of AD, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding disease progression and developing novel therapeutic approaches. This approach paves the way for developing innovative therapeutic strategies that could significantly improve outcomes for millions affected worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas A. Vida
- Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, 625 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (S.K.); (A.N.-T.); (R.S.); (J.R.); (N.G.)
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2
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Ghai S, Shrestha R, Hegazi A, Boualoy V, Liu SH, Su KH. The Role of Heat Shock Factor 1 in Preserving Proteomic Integrity During Copper-Induced Cellular Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11657. [PMID: 39519208 PMCID: PMC11546224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 10/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is crucial for many physiological processes across mammalian cells, including energy metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. However, excessive copper levels can lead to cellular toxicity and "cuproptosis", a form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of copper within mitochondria. Tumor cells are less sensitive to this toxicity than normal cells, the mechanism for which remains unclear. We address this important issue by exploring the role of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a transcription factor that is highly expressed across several types of cancer and has a crucial role in tumor survival, in protecting against copper-mediated cytotoxicity. Using pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, we show that excessive copper triggers a proteotoxic stress response (PSR), activating HSF1 and that overexpressing HSF1 diminishes intracellular copper accumulation and prevents excessive copper-induced cell death and amyloid fibrils formation, highlighting HSF1's role in preserving proteasomal integrity. Copper treatment decreases the lipoylation of dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), an enzyme necessary for cuproptosis, induces DLAT oligomerization, and induces insoluble DLAT formation, which is suppressed by overexpressing HSF1, in addition to enhancing the interaction between HSF1 and DLAT. Our findings uncover how HSF1 protects against copper-induced damage in cancer cells and thus represents a novel therapeutic target for enhancing copper-mediated cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kuo-Hui Su
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (S.G.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (V.B.); (S.-H.L.)
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Dewan P, Shen L, Pedro Ferreira J, Jhund PS, Anand IS, Chandra A, Chiang LM, Claggett B, Desai AS, Gong J, Lam CSP, Lefkowitz MP, Maggioni AP, Martinez F, Packer M, Redfield MM, Rouleau JL, van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zile MR, Solomon SD, McMurray JJV. Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Cognitive Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Prespecified Analysis of PARAGON-HF. Circulation 2024; 150:272-282. [PMID: 38841854 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.068774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hypothetical concern has been raised that sacubitril/valsartan might cause cognitive impairment because neprilysin is one of several enzymes degrading amyloid-β peptides in the brain, some of which are neurotoxic and linked to Alzheimer-type dementia. To address this, we examined the effect of sacubitril/valsartan compared with valsartan on cognitive function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a prespecified substudy of PARAGON-HF (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor With Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction). METHODS In PARAGON-HF, serial assessment of cognitive function was conducted in a subset of patients with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; score range, 0-30, with lower scores reflecting worse cognitive function). The prespecified primary analysis of this substudy was the change from baseline in MMSE score at 96 weeks. Other post hoc analyses included cognitive decline (fall in MMSE score of ≥3 points), cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24), or the occurrence of dementia-related adverse events. RESULTS Among 2895 patients included in the MMSE substudy with baseline MMSE score measured, 1453 patients were assigned to sacubitril/valsartan and 1442 to valsartan. Their mean age was 73 years, and the median follow-up was 32 months. The mean±SD MMSE score at randomization was 27.4±3.0 in the sacubitril/valsartan group, with 10% having an MMSE score <24; the corresponding numbers were nearly identical in the valsartan group. The mean change from baseline to 96 weeks in the sacubitril/valsartan group was -0.05 (SE, 0.07); the corresponding change in the valsartan group was -0.04 (0.07). The mean between-treatment difference at week 96 was -0.01 (95% CI, -0.20 to 0.19; P=0.95). Analyses of a ≥3-point decline in MMSE, decrease to a score <24, dementia-related adverse events, and combinations of these showed no difference between sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan. No difference was found in the subgroup of patients tested for apolipoprotein E ε4 allele genotype. CONCLUSIONS Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in PARAGON-HF had relatively low baseline MMSE scores. Cognitive change, measured by MMSE, did not differ between treatment with sacubitril/valsartan and treatment with valsartan in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01920711.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Dewan
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.D., L.S., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Li Shen
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.D., L.S., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, China (L.S.)
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433 and Inserm U1116, CHRU Nancy, FCRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), France (J.P.F., F.Z.)
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal (J.P.F.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.D., L.S., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Inder S Anand
- VA Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.)
| | - Alvin Chandra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.C.)
| | - Lu-May Chiang
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (L.-M.C., J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (B.C., A.S.D., S.D.S.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (B.C., A.S.D., S.D.S.)
| | - Jianjian Gong
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (L.-M.C., J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.)
| | | | - Aldo P Maggioni
- National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Centre, Florence, Italy (A.P.M.)
| | | | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Centre, Dallas, TX (M.P.)
| | | | - Jean L Rouleau
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada (J.L.R.)
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.v.V.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433 and Inserm U1116, CHRU Nancy, FCRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), France (J.P.F., F.Z.)
| | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (M.R.Z.)
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.R.Z.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (B.C., A.S.D., S.D.S.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.D., L.S., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
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Raine J, Tolwinski N, Gruber J, Mathuru AS. Evaluating the inter-species transmission risk of amyloid beta peptide aggregates via ingestion. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:123. [PMID: 38849926 PMCID: PMC11157902 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports suggest that amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides can exhibit prion-like pathogenic properties. Transmission of Aβ peptide and the development of associated pathologies after surgeries with contaminated instruments and intravenous or intracerebral inoculations have now been reported across fish, rodents, primates, and humans. This raises a worrying prospect of Aβ peptides also having other characteristics typical of prions, such as evasion of the digestive process. We asked if such transmission of Aβ aggregates via ingestion was possible. METHODS We made use of a transgenic Drosophila melanogaster line expressing human Aβ peptide prone to aggregation. Fly larvae were fed to adult zebrafish under two feeding schemes. The first was a short-term, high-intensity scheme over 48 h to determine transmission and retention in the gut. The second, long-term scheme specifically examined retention and accumulation in the brain. The gut and brain tissues were examined by histology, western blotting, and mass spectrometric analyses. RESULTS None of the analyses could detect Aβ aggregates in the guts of zebrafish following ingestion, despite being easily detectable in the feed. Additionally, there was no detectable accumulation of Aβ in the brain tissue or development of associated pathologies after prolonged feeding. CONCLUSIONS While human Aβ aggregates do not appear to be readily transmissible by ingestion across species, two prospects remain open. First, this mode of transmission, if occurring, may stay below a detectable threshold and may take much longer to manifest. A second possibility is that the human Aβ peptide is not able to trigger self-propagation or aggregation in other species. Either possibility requires further investigation, taking into account the possibility of such transmission from agricultural species used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Raine
- Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Tolwinski
- Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ajay S Mathuru
- Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Digital Medicine (WisDM) Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
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Tapia-Arellano A, Cabrera P, Cortés-Adasme E, Riveros A, Hassan N, Kogan MJ. Tau- and α-synuclein-targeted gold nanoparticles: applications, opportunities, and future outlooks in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:248. [PMID: 38741193 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in medicine offers multiple opportunities to address neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These diseases are a significant burden for society and the health system, affecting millions of people worldwide without sensitive and selective diagnostic methodologies or effective treatments to stop their progression. In this sense, the use of gold nanoparticles is a promising tool due to their unique properties at the nanometric level. They can be functionalized with specific molecules to selectively target pathological proteins such as Tau and α-synuclein for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, respectively. Additionally, these proteins are used as diagnostic biomarkers, wherein gold nanoparticles play a key role in enhancing their signal, even at the low concentrations present in biological samples such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid, thus enabling an early and accurate diagnosis. On the other hand, gold nanoparticles act as drug delivery platforms, bringing therapeutic agents directly into the brain, improving treatment efficiency and precision, and reducing side effects in healthy tissues. However, despite the exciting potential of gold nanoparticles, it is crucial to address the challenges and issues associated with their use in the medical field before they can be widely applied in clinical settings. It is critical to ensure the safety and biocompatibility of these nanomaterials in the context of the central nervous system. Therefore, rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are needed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of these strategies in patients. Since there is scarce and sometimes contradictory literature about their use in this context, the main aim of this review is to discuss and analyze the current state-of-the-art of gold nanoparticles in relation to delivery, diagnosis, and therapy for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as recent research about their use in preclinical, clinical, and emerging research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tapia-Arellano
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
- Millenium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Pablo Cabrera
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Cortés-Adasme
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Riveros
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Hassan
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
- Millenium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
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Sundram S, Dhiman N, Malviya R, Awasthi R. Non-coding RNAs in Regulation of Protein Aggregation and Clearance Pathways: Current Perspectives Towards Alzheimer's Research and Therapy. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:8-16. [PMID: 37519207 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230731093030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, affecting approximately 45.0 million people worldwide and ranking as the fifth leading cause of mortality. AD is identified by neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which include abnormally phosphorylated tau-protein and amyloid protein (amyloid plaques). Peptide dysregulation is caused by an imbalance between the production and clearance of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) and NFT. AD begins to develop when these peptides are not cleared from the body. As a result, understanding the processes that control both normal and pathological protein recycling in neuronal cells is critical. Insufficient Aβ and NFT clearance are important factors in the development of AD. Autophagy, lysosomal dysfunction, and ubiquitin-proteasome dysfunction have potential roles in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders, particularly in AD. Modulation of these pathways may provide a novel treatment strategy for AD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently emerged as important biological regulators, with particular relevance to the emergence and development of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. ncRNAs can be used as potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers due to their critical regulatory functions in several biological processes involved in disease development, such as the aggregation and accumulation of Aβ and NFT. It is evident that ncRNAs play a role in the pathophysiology of AD. In this communication, we explored the link between ncRNAs and AD and their regulatory mechanisms that may help in finding new therapeutic targets and AD medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sundram
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Neerupma Dhiman
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Portugal Barron D, Guo Z. The supersaturation perspective on the amyloid hypothesis. Chem Sci 2023; 15:46-54. [PMID: 38131088 PMCID: PMC10731913 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer's over the past three decades has been guided by the amyloid hypothesis, which puts Aβ deposition as the initiating event of a pathogenic cascade leading to dementia. In the current form, the amyloid hypothesis lacks a comprehensive framework that considers the complex nature of Aβ aggregation. The explanation of how Aβ deposition leads to downstream pathology, and how reducing Aβ plaque load via anti-amyloid therapy can lead to improvement in cognition remains insufficient. In this perspective we integrate the concept of Aβ supersaturation into the amyloid hypothesis, laying out a framework for the mechanistic understanding and therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's disease. We discuss the important distinction between in vitro and in vivo patterns of Aβ aggregation, the impact of different aggregation stages on therapeutic strategies, and how future investigations could integrate this concept in order to produce a more thorough understanding and better treatment for Alzheimer's and other amyloid-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Portugal Barron
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Zhefeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
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Suresh S, Singh S A, Rushendran R, Vellapandian C, Prajapati B. Alzheimer's disease: the role of extrinsic factors in its development, an investigation of the environmental enigma. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1303111. [PMID: 38125832 PMCID: PMC10730937 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1303111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the realm of Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent form of dementia, the impact of environmental factors has ignited intense curiosity due to its substantial burden on global health. Recent investigations have unveiled these environmental factors as key contributors, shedding new light on their profound influence. Notably, emerging evidence highlights the detrimental role of various environmental contaminants in the incidence and progression of Alzheimer's disease. These contaminants encompass a broad spectrum, including air pollutants laden with ozone, neurotoxic metals like lead, aluminum, manganese, and cadmium, pesticides with their insidious effects, and the ubiquitous presence of plastics and microplastics. By meticulously delving into the intricate web connecting environmental pollutants and this devastating neurological disorder, this comprehensive chapter takes a deep dive into their involvement as significant risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, it explores the underlying molecular mechanisms through which these contaminants exert their influence, aiming to unravel the complex interactions that drive the pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, this chapter proposes potential strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of these environmental contaminants on brain health, with the ultimate goal of restoring and preserving typical cognitive function. Through this comprehensive exploration, we aim to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted relationship between neurotoxins and Alzheimer's disease, providing a solid foundation for developing innovative in-vivo models and advancing our knowledge of the intricate pathological processes underlying this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Suresh
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ankul Singh S
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rapuru Rushendran
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhupendra Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, India
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Smeralda W, Since M, Corvaisier S, Fayolle D, Cardin J, Duprey S, Jourdan JP, Cullin C, Malzert-Freon A. A Biomimetic Multiparametric Assay to Characterise Anti-Amyloid Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16982. [PMID: 38069305 PMCID: PMC10707238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread form of senile dementia worldwide and represents a leading socioeconomic problem in healthcare. Although it is widely debated, the aggregation of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is linked to the onset and progression of this neurodegenerative disease. Molecules capable of interfering with specific steps in the fibrillation process remain of pharmacological interest. To identify such compounds, we have set up a small molecule screening process combining multiple experimental methods (UV and florescence spectrometry, ITC, and ATR-FTIR) to identify and characterise potential modulators of Aβ1-42 fibrillation through the description of the biochemical interactions (molecule-membrane Aβ peptide). Three known modulators, namely bexarotene, Chicago sky blue and indomethacin, have been evaluated through this process, and their modulation mechanism in the presence of a biomembrane has been described. Such a well-adapted physico-chemical approach to drug discovery proves to be an undeniable asset for the rapid characterisation of compounds of therapeutic interest for Alzheimer's disease. This strategy could be adapted and transposed to search for modulators of other amyloids such as tau protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy Smeralda
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Marc Since
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Sophie Corvaisier
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Dimitri Fayolle
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Julien Cardin
- CIMAP, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, UMR6252 CNRS, CEA, Normandie Université, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France; (J.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Sylvain Duprey
- CIMAP, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, UMR6252 CNRS, CEA, Normandie Université, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France; (J.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Jourdan
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
- Pharmacie à Usage Intérieur, Centre Hospitalier de Vire, Normandie, 14504 Vire, France
| | | | - Aurélie Malzert-Freon
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CERMN, Boulevard Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France; (W.S.); (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.-P.J.)
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10
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Bhoopal B, Gollapelli KK, Damuka N, Miller M, Krizan I, Bansode A, Register T, Frye BM, Kim J, Mintz A, Orr M, Craft S, Whitlow C, Lockhart SN, Shively CA, Solingapuram Sai KK. Preliminary PET Imaging of Microtubule-Based PET Radioligand [ 11C]MPC-6827 in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3745-3751. [PMID: 37724996 PMCID: PMC10966409 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) instability observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly attributed to hyperphosphorylation of the MT-associated protein, tau. In vivo PET imaging offers an opportunity to gain critical information about MT changes with the onset and development of AD and related dementia. We developed the first brain-penetrant MT PET ligand, [11C]MPC-6827, and evaluated its in vivo imaging utility in vervet monkeys. Consistent with our previous in vitro cell uptake and in vivo rodent imaging experiments, [11C]MPC-6827 uptake increased with MT destabilization. Radioactive uptake was inversely related to (cerebrospinal fluid) CSF Aβ42 levels and directly related to age in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of AD. Additionally, in vitro autoradiography studies also corroborated PET imaging results. Here, we report the preliminary results of PET imaging with [11C]MPC-6827 in four female vervet monkeys with high or low CSF Aβ42 levels, which have been shown to correlate with the Aβ plaque burden, similar to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvanachandra Bhoopal
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Krishna Kumar Gollapelli
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Naresh Damuka
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Mack Miller
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Ivan Krizan
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Avinash Bansode
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Thomas Register
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Jeongchul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Miranda Orr
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Christopher Whitlow
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
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Fonseca C, Ettcheto M, Bicker J, Fernandes MJ, Falcão A, Camins A, Fortuna A. Under the umbrella of depression and Alzheimer's disease physiopathology: Can cannabinoids be a dual-pleiotropic therapy? Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:101998. [PMID: 37414155 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression and Alzheimer´s disease (AD) are two disorders highly prevalent worldwide. Depression affects more than 300 million people worldwide while AD affects 60-80% of the 55 million cases of dementia. Both diseases are affected by aging with high prevalence in elderly and share not only the main brain affected areas but also several physiopathological mechanisms. Depression disease is already ascribed as a risk factor to the development of AD. Despite the wide diversity of pharmacological treatments currently available in clinical practice for depression management, they remain associated to a slow recovery process and to treatment-resistant depression. On the other hand, AD treatment is essentially based in symptomatology relieve. Thus, the need for new multi-target treatments arises. Herein, we discuss the current state-of-art regarding the contribution of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in synaptic transmission processes, synapses plasticity and neurogenesis and consequently the use of exogenous cannabinoids in the treatment of depression and on delaying the progression of AD. Besides the well-known imbalance of neurotransmitter levels, including serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine and glutamate, recent scientific evidence highlights aberrant spine density, neuroinflammation, dysregulation of neurotrophic factor levels and formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, as the main physiopathological mechanisms compromised in depression and AD. The contribution of the ECS in these mechanisms is herein specified as well as the pleiotropic effects of phytocannabinoids. At the end, it became evident that Cannabinol, Cannabidiol, Cannabigerol, Cannabidivarin and Cannabichromene may act in novel therapeutic targets, presenting high potential in the pharmacotherapy of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fonseca
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Bicker
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria José Fernandes
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurocirurgia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, CEP, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antoni Camins
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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12
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Galeana-Ascencio RA, Mendieta L, Limon DI, Gnecco D, Terán JL, Orea ML, Carrasco-Carballo A. β-Secretase-1: In Silico Drug Reposition for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8164. [PMID: 37175873 PMCID: PMC10179340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-secretase-1 enzyme (BACE-1) performs a key role in the production of beta-Amyloid protein (Aβ), which is associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The inhibition of BACE-1 has been an important pharmacological strategy in the treatment of this neurodegenerative disease. This study aims to identify new potential candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's with the help of in silico studies, such as molecular docking and ADME prediction, from a broad list of candidates provided by the DrugBank database. From this analysis, 1145 drugs capable of interacting with the enzyme with a higher coupling energy than Verubecestat were obtained, subsequently only 83 presented higher coupling energy than EJ7. Applying the oral route of administration as inclusion criteria, only 41 candidates met this requirement; however, 6 of them are associated with diagnostic tests and not treatment, so 33 candidates were obtained. Finally, five candidates were identified as possible BACE-1 inhibitors drugs: Fluphenazine, Naratriptan, Bazedoxifene, Frovatriptan, and Raloxifene. These candidates exhibit pharmacophore-specific features, including the indole or thioindole group, and interactions with key amino acids in BACE-1. Overall, this study provides insights into the potential use of in silico methods for drug repurposing and identification of new candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, especially those targeting BACE-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel I. Limon
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, FCQ, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Dino Gnecco
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Joel L. Terán
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - María L. Orea
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Alan Carrasco-Carballo
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, ICUAP, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico;
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
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