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Gampe A, Zahner-Ritter K, Müller JJ, Schmid S. How children speak with their voice assistant Sila depends on what they think about her. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Lubold N, Willi MM, Borrie SA, Barrett TS, Berisha V. Healthy Communication Partners Modify Their Speech When Conversing With Individuals With Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:1539-1549. [PMID: 33831330 PMCID: PMC8608161 DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose For individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), conversational interactions can be challenging. Efforts to improve the success of these interactions have largely fallen on the individual with PD. Successful communication, however, involves contributions from both the individual with PD and their communication partner. The current study examines whether healthy communication partners naturally engage in different acoustic-prosodic behavior (speech compensations) when conversing with an individual with PD and, further, whether such behavior aids communication success. Method Measures of articulatory precision, speaking rate, and pitch variability were extracted from the speech of healthy speakers engaged in goal-directed dialogue with other healthy speakers (healthy-healthy dyads) and with individuals with PD (healthy-PD dyads). Speech compensations, operationally defined as significant differences in healthy speakers' acoustic-prosodic behavior in healthy-healthy dyads versus healthy-PD dyads, were calculated for the three speech behaviors. Finally, the relationships between speech behaviors and an objective measure of communicative efficiency were examined. Results Healthy speakers engaged in speech characterized by greater articulatory precision and slower speaking rate when conversing with individuals with PD relative to conversations with other healthy individuals. However, these adaptive speech compensations were not predictive of communicative efficiency. Conclusions Evidence that healthy speakers naturally engage in speech compensations when conversing with individuals with PD is novel, yet consistent with findings from studies with other populations in which conversation can be challenging. In the case of PD, these compensatory behaviors did not support communication outcomes. While preliminary in nature, the results raise important questions regarding the speech behavior of healthy communication partners and provide directions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Lubold
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe
| | - Megan M. Willi
- Communication Sciences and Disorders Program, California State University, Chico
| | - Stephanie A. Borrie
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education, Utah State University, Logan
| | | | - Visar Berisha
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe
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Carrard V. Non-verbal Adaptation to the Interlocutors' Inner Characteristics: Relevance, Challenges, and Future Directions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:612664. [PMID: 33959067 PMCID: PMC8093557 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human diversity cannot be denied. In our everyday social interactions, we constantly experience the fact that each individual is a unique combination of characteristics with specific cultural norms, roles, personality, and mood. Efficient social interaction thus requires an adaptation of communication behaviors to each specific interlocutor that one encounters. This is especially true for non-verbal communication that is more unconscious and automatic than verbal communication. Consequently, non-verbal communication needs to be understood as a dynamic and adaptive process in the theoretical modeling and study of social interactions. This perspective paper presents relevance, challenges, and future directions for the study of non-verbal adaptation in social interactions. It proposes that non-verbal adaptability is more pertinently studied as adaptation to interlocutor's inner characteristics (i.e., expectations or preferences) than to interlocutor's behaviors per se, because behaviors are communication messages that individuals interpret in order to understand their interlocutors. The affiliation and control dimensions of the Interpersonal Circumplex Model are proposed as a framework to measure both the interlocutors' inner characteristics (self-reported) and the individuals' non-verbal responses (external coders). These measures can then be compared across different interactions to assess an actual change in behavior tailored to different interlocutors. These recommendations are proposed in the hope of generating more research on the topic of non-verbal adaptability. Indeed, after having gathered the evidence on average effects of non-verbal behaviors, the field can go further than a “one size fits all” approach, by investigating the predictors, moderators, and outcomes of non-verbal adaptation to the interlocutors' inner characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Carrard
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Calandruccio L, Porter HL, Leibold LJ, Buss E. The Clear-Speech Benefit for School-Age Children: Speech-in-Noise and Speech-in-Speech Recognition. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:4265-4276. [PMID: 33151767 PMCID: PMC8608216 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Talkers often modify their speech when communicating with individuals who struggle to understand speech, such as listeners with hearing loss. This study evaluated the benefit of clear speech in school-age children and adults with normal hearing for speech-in-noise and speech-in-speech recognition. Method Masked sentence recognition thresholds were estimated for school-age children and adults using an adaptive procedure. In Experiment 1, the target and masker were summed and presented over a loudspeaker located directly in front of the listener. The masker was either speech-shaped noise or two-talker speech, and target sentences were produced using a clear or conversational speaking style. In Experiment 2, stimuli were presented over headphones. The two-talker speech masker was diotic (M0). Clear and conversational target sentences were presented either in-phase (T0) or out-of-phase (Tπ) between the two ears. The M0Tπ condition introduces a segregation cue that was expected to improve performance. Results For speech presented over a single loudspeaker (Experiment 1), the clear-speech benefit was independent of age for the noise masker, but it increased with age for the two-talker masker. Similar age effects for the two-talker speech masker were seen under headphones with diotic presentation (M0T0), but comparable clear-speech benefit as a function of age was observed with a binaural cue to facilitate segregation (M0Tπ). Conclusions Consistent with prior research, children showed a robust clear-speech benefit for speech-in-noise recognition. Immaturity in the ability to segregate target from masker speech may limit young children's ability to benefit from clear-speech modifications for speech-in-speech recognition under some conditions. When provided with a cue that facilitates segregation, children as young as 4-7 years of age derived a clear-speech benefit in a two-talker masker that was similar to the benefit experienced by adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Calandruccio
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Heather L. Porter
- Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
| | - Lori J. Leibold
- Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
| | - Emily Buss
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Borrie SA, Wynn CJ, Berisha V, Lubold N, Willi MM, Coelho CA, Barrett TS. Conversational Coordination of Articulation Responds to Context: A Clinical Test Case With Traumatic Brain Injury. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:2567-2577. [PMID: 32755503 PMCID: PMC7872735 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Coordination of communicative behavior supports shared understanding in conversation. The current study brings together analysis of two speech coordination strategies, entrainment and compensation of articulation, in a preliminary investigation into whether strategy organization is shaped by a challenging communicative context-conversing with a person who has a communication disorder. Method As an initial clinical test case, an automated measure of articulatory precision was analyzed in a corpus of spoken dialogue, where a confederate conversed with participants with traumatic brain injury (n = 28) and participants with no brain injury (n = 48). Results Overall, the confederate engaged in significant entrainment and high compensation (hyperarticulation) in conversations with participants with traumatic brain injury relative to significant entrainment and low compensation (hypoarticulation) in conversations with participants with no brain injury. Furthermore, the confederate's articulatory precision changed over the course of the conversations. Conclusions Findings suggest that the organization of conversational coordination is sensitive to context, supporting synergistic models of spoken dialogue. While corpus limitations are acknowledged, these initial results point to differences in the way in which speech strategies are realized in challenging communicative contexts, highlighting a viable and important target for investigation with clinical populations. A framework for investigating speech coordination strategies in tandem and ideas for advancing this line of inquiry serve as key contributions of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Borrie
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education, Utah State University, Logan
| | - Camille J. Wynn
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education, Utah State University, Logan
| | - Visar Berisha
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe
| | - Nichola Lubold
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe
| | - Megan M. Willi
- Communication Sciences and Disorders Program, California State University, Chico
| | - Carl A. Coelho
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs
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Hazan V, Tuomainen O, Tu L, Kim J, Davis C, Brungart D, Sheffield B. How do aging and age-related hearing loss affect the ability to communicate effectively in challenging communicative conditions? Hear Res 2018; 369:33-41. [PMID: 29941310 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the relation between the intelligibility of conversational and clear speech produced by older and younger adults and (a) the acoustic profile of their speech (b) communication effectiveness. Speech samples from 30 talkers from the elderLUCID corpus were used: 10 young adults (YA), 10 older adults with normal hearing (OANH) and 10 older adults with presbycusis (OAHL). Samples were extracted from recordings made while participants completed a problem-solving cooperative task (diapix) with a conversational partner who could either hear them easily (NORM) or via a simulated hearing loss (HLS), which led talkers to naturally adopt a clear speaking style. In speech-in-noise listening experiments involving 21 young adult listeners, speech samples by OANH and OAHL were rated and perceived as less intelligible than those of YA talkers. HLS samples were more intelligible than NORM samples, with greater improvements in intelligibility across conditions seen for OA speech. The presence of presbycusis affected (a) the clear speech strategies adopted by OAHL talkers and (b) task effectiveness: OAHL talkers showed some adaptations consistent with an increase in vocal effort, and it took them significantly longer than the YA group to complete the diapix task. The relative energy in the 1-3 kHz frequency region of the long-term average spectrum was the feature that best predicted: (a) the intelligibility of speech samples, and (b) task transaction time in the HLS condition. Overall, our study suggests that spontaneous speech produced by older adults is less intelligible in babble noise, probably due to less energy present in the 1-3 kHz frequency range rich in acoustic cues. Even mild presbycusis in 'healthy aged' adults can affect the dynamic adaptations in speech that are beneficial for effective communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Hazan
- Department of Speech Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, Chandler House, UCL, 2 Wakefield Street, London WC1N 1PF, UK.
| | - Outi Tuomainen
- Department of Speech Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, Chandler House, UCL, 2 Wakefield Street, London WC1N 1PF, UK.
| | - Lilian Tu
- Department of Speech Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, Chandler House, UCL, 2 Wakefield Street, London WC1N 1PF, UK.
| | - Jeesun Kim
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Chris Davis
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Douglas Brungart
- Audiology and Speech-Pathology Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 4494 North Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Benjamin Sheffield
- Audiology and Speech-Pathology Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 4494 North Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
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