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Akhtar RN, Behn N, Morgan S. Understanding Dysphagia Care in Pakistan: A Survey of Current Speech Language Therapy Practice. Dysphagia 2024; 39:484-494. [PMID: 38006420 PMCID: PMC11127846 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-023-10633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Dysphagia affects individuals across all ages and has pervasive and potentially life-threatening consequences. Individuals with dysphagia are assessed and treated by speech and language therapists (SLTs), however, little attention has been paid to their practices in Pakistan. This study aimed to explore SLTs practices for dysphagia assessment, signs and symptoms observed during evaluation, and management strategies, alongside barriers and facilitators to service delivery in Pakistan. A 45-item survey was distributed to SLTs online. Responses were received from 101 participants and analyzed descriptively, and open-text responses were analyzed using content analysis. Results revealed that 65.3% SLTs worked across the lifespan, and most (79.4%) had dysphagia-related experience of five years or less. SLTs were an active workforce engaged with varying ages, disorders, and settings, yet dysphagia contributed to a small caseload percentage for most. Analyses found informal clinical exams were more frequently used than instrumental assessments. A variety of service provision facilitators were described, such as supportive teams and accessible resources, and responses about barriers revealed gaps in awareness, education, and guidance. This exploratory study presents novel and unexplored data which provides a deeper understanding of dysphagia-related care in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohma N Akhtar
- Division of Language & Communication Science, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
- City University of London, London, UK.
| | - Nicholas Behn
- Division of Language & Communication Science, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
- City University of London, London, UK
| | - Sally Morgan
- Division of Language & Communication Science, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
- City University of London, London, UK
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Vergara J, Miles A, Lopes de Moraes J, Chone CT. Contribution of Wireless Wi-Fi Intraoral Cameras to the Assessment of Swallowing Safety and Efficiency. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:821-836. [PMID: 38437030 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-23-00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evaluation of swallowing provides important clinical information but is limited in detecting penetration, aspiration, and pharyngeal residue in patients with suspected dysphagia. Although this is an old problem, there remains limited access to low-cost methods to evaluate swallowing safety and efficiency. PURPOSE The purpose of this technical report is to describe the experience of a single center that recently began using a wireless Wi-Fi intraoral camera for transoral endoscopic procedures as an adjunct to clinical swallowing evaluation. We describe the theoretical structure of this new clinical evaluation proposal. We present descriptive findings on its diagnostic performance in relation to videofluoroscopic swallowing study as the gold standard in a cohort of seven patients with dysphagia following head and neck cancer. We provide quantitative data on intra- and interrater reliability. Furthermore, this report discusses how this technology can be applied in the clinical practice of professionals who treat patients with dysphagia and provides directions for future research. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary retrospective study suggests that intraoral cameras can reveal the accumulated oropharyngeal secretions and postswallow pharyngolaryngeal residue in patients with suspected dysphagia. Future large-scale studies focusing on validating and exploring this contemporary low-cost technology as part of a clinical swallowing evaluation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vergara
- Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Miles
- Department of Speech Science, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Juliana Lopes de Moraes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campinas, São Paolo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Takahiro Chone
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campinas, São Paolo, Brazil
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Poon FMM, Ward EC, Burns CL. Using concept mapping to guide dysphagia service enhancements in Singapore: Recommendations from the speech-language pathology workforce. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38439695 DOI: 10.1080/17549507.2023.2297653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Optimising dysphagia service delivery is crucial to minimise personal and service impacts associated with dysphagia. However, limited data exist on how to achieve this in Singapore. This study aimed to develop prioritised enhancements that the speech-language pathology workforce perceived as needed to improve dysphagia services in Singapore. METHOD Using a concept mapping approach, 19 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and 10 managers listed suggestions for dysphagia service optimisation. Within their groups, the collated suggestions were sorted based on similarity, and individually rated on a 5-point scale based on importance and changeability. Using cluster and bivariate analysis, clusters of similar suggestions and prioritised suggestions for service optimisation were identified. RESULT The SLPs and managers proposed 73 and 51 unique suggestions respectively. Six clusters were identified for each group, with similar themes suggesting agreement of service improvements. All clusters were rated as more important than changeable. The managers perceived services as easier to change. The SLPs and managers rated 37% (27/73) and 43% (22/51) of suggestions, respectively, as high priority, with similarities relating to workforce capacity and capability, support and services access, care transitions, and telehealth services. CONCLUSION Prioritised enhancements identified by SLPs and managers provide direction for dysphagia service optimisation in Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora M M Poon
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital and Jurong Community Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth C Ward
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clare L Burns
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Speech Pathology & Audiology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Australia
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Drulia T, Szynkiewicz S, Griffin L, Mulheren R, Murray K, Kamarunas E. A Comparison of Lingual Pressure Generation Measures Using Two Devices in Community-Dwelling, Typically Aging Adults: An Important Clinical Implication. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:429-439. [PMID: 38262037 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-23-00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
DESIGN A multisite, prospective, and randomized within-subject design study. SETTING Five university settings in varied geographical areas in the United States. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare lingual pressure generation using the Tongueometer (TO) and the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) in typically aging, community-dwelling adults during three measurement tasks: maximum isometric pressure (MIP), regular effort saliva swallow (RESS) pressure, and effortful saliva swallow pressure (ESP). PARTICIPANTS Eighty-seven typically aging, community-dwelling adults (aged 55 years and over) with no self-reported history of swallowing or neurological disorders were recruited to complete this study. RESULTS Strong positive associations were found between the lingual pressure generation measures from the TO and IOPI in all tasks in typically aging adults, with Pearson correlations ranging from r = .780 to .874, p < .001. Agreement between the devices (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient) ranged from moderate for the MIP (ρc = .78) and ESP (ρc = .61) tasks to weak agreement for the RESS task (ρc = .47). MIP, RESS pressure, and ESP were lower when measured by the TO compared with the IOPI, p < .001. CONCLUSIONS The TO measures lingual pressure generation similarly to the IOPI but pressures register lower when using the TO than the IOPI in typically aging persons. This supports the need for developing normative values specific to the TO device or development of a valid and reliable conversion formula from TO to IOPI normative values. At this time, the clinical use of reference values from the TO should not be generalized to IOPI normative values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Drulia
- Davies School of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth
| | - Sarah Szynkiewicz
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Samford University, Birmingham, AL
| | - Lindsay Griffin
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Emerson College, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel Mulheren
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kelsey Murray
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA
| | - Erin Kamarunas
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA
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Neves RN, Matos MA, Carvalho IP. Communicating Risks and Food Procedures through a Visual Poster for Caregivers of Patients with Dysphagia in Inpatient Care: Usability and Impact. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:148. [PMID: 38255038 PMCID: PMC10815349 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Food-related procedures are a part of rehabilitation interventions for dysphagia. However, studies show that professional-caregiver communication is often lacking in dysphagia, risking caregivers' knowledge, understanding, and practice of those procedures, with negative consequences for patient safety and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate caregivers' perspectives about the utility of a poster designed to communicate dysphagia-related risks and food procedures for caregivers of patients in inpatient care. The impact of caregivers' exposure to the poster on patients' dysphagia-related health was additionally explored. The poster was placed by the beds of a randomly assigned group of patients (n = 21). Their caregivers responded to a questionnaire about the poster's utility. In addition, to explore whether the caregiver exposure to the poster could already have some effect on patient dysphagia-related health, patient risk of aspiration, food swallowing capacity, nutritional status, and oral cavity health were assessed before and one month after placement of the poster, and the poster-exposed group was compared with a (randomly-assigned) non-exposed group (n = 21). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and generalized linear models based on analyses of covariance. All caregivers across various education levels reported noticing, reading, and understanding the poster (100%). Nearly all reported that the poster added new information to their knowledge (17 out of 21). In the additional analysis, the patients in the poster-exposed group showed greater improvements in the health outcomes, compared with the non-exposed group, although the effects were statistically non-significant within this study's one-month period. A poster with pictorial information was effective in increasing awareness about dysphagia-specific information among caregivers of patients in inpatient care and can be used as an augmentative means of information, with potential benefits for patient safety and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nogueira Neves
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Assunção Matos
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Aveiro School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agras do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Aveiro School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Irene P. Carvalho
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Giray E, Eyigör S, Çalık Y, Albayrak Gezer İ, Sarı A, Umay E, Akaltun MS, Tıkız C, Ünlü Z, Vural M, Aydeniz B, Karahan AY. The caregiver burden of informal caregivers for stroke patients with and without dysphagia: A multi-center, cross-sectional study in Türkiye. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 69:453-468. [PMID: 38766582 PMCID: PMC11099854 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2023.11894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the caregiver burden (CB) of informal caregivers for stroke survivors with and without dysphagia and to assess the relationship between the CB levels of informal caregivers for stroke survivors with dysphagia, patients' swallowing-related quality of life (QoL), and patients' stroke-specific QoL. Patients and methods This multi-center, prospective, cross-sectional study included a total of 120 stroke patients (76 males, 44 females; mean age: 61.1±12.3 years; range, 19 to 86 years) between October 2019 and 2020. Of the patients, 57 had dysphagia and 63 had no dysphagia. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) was used to classify the degree of functional dietary limitation caused by each patient's swallowing impairment. Patients and caregivers completed the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), Swallowing Quality of Life (SWQoL) questionnaire, Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI). Results The CB levels were higher in those caring for stroke patients with dysphagia than in those caring for stroke patients without dysphagia. Caregiver burden was found to be associated with patients' swallowing-related QoL and stroke-related QoL. Significant predictors of high CB scores (F=2.55, R2=0.59; p=0.007) were being an employed caregiver (B=17.48, p=0.003), being a caregiver with high school (B=-19.6, p=0.03), and secondary school (B=-16.28, p=0.02) educational status, being son, daughter (B=30.63, p=0.007) or other relative of the patient (B=20.06, p=0.01), lower FOIS stage (B=-3.14, p=0.011), lower SWQoL (B=0.52, p=0.009) and lower SIS (B=-0.37, p=0.04) scores. Conclusion Caregivers of stroke patients with dysphagia suffer from a higher CB than those without dysphagia. In stroke patients with dysphagia, swallowing-related QoL is associated with the QoL levels of stroke patients and the CB levels of their caregivers. Employment status, educational status of caregiver, caregiver's relativity to the patient, FOIS stage, swallowing and stroke related QoL of the patients are factors related to burden levels of caregivers of stroke patients with dysphagia. These results may help health professionals to understand dysphagia as an essential source of CB and consider it, while planning treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Giray
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sibel Eyigör
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yalkın Çalık
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bolu Izzet Baysal Physical Treatment and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - İlknur Albayrak Gezer
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Aylin Sarı
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Erenköy Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Umay
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mazlum Serdar Akaltun
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | - Canan Tıkız
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Türkiye
| | - Zeliha Ünlü
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Vural
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Banu Aydeniz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ali Yavuz Karahan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty of Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye
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Kaş C, Çakır FÖ, Kocatürk İ. Evaluation of aspiration risk by relatives of inpatients in the neurology service: A metaphor analysis. Health Expect 2023; 27:e13883. [PMID: 37784255 PMCID: PMC10726153 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of aspiration is high in stroke patients due to dysphagia/loss of swallowing. This problem can cause problems affecting the nutrition of patients. Due to the possible risk of aspiration during feeding, patient relatives are hesitant to feed their patients. Because of this fear, malnutrition and hospital readmissions may increase. It is important to evaluate the fear of aspiration risk of relatives of patients hospitalized in the neurology service. The aim of this study is to determine the views of the relatives of patients treated in the neurology service about the risk of aspiration through metaphors. METHOD This article analyzed metaphors of patients' relatives' about the risk of aspiration. The analysis uses metaphor identification and analysis. The research sample consisted of 31 patients. First of all, in the study, evaluation of the data was conducted by performing content analysis, as a result of which it was divided into metaphors and conceptual categories, and the relevant field was associated with the text (event, thought, feelings, related in speech or writing). In the reporting of research, the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was used. RESULTS It was seen that the patients' relatives produced 31 different metaphors in response to the statement 'Aspiration risk is like …, because it is …' The patients' relatives mostly compared the concept of 'fear of aspiration' to the concept of 'fear' (n: 24). CONCLUSIONS In this study, relatives mostly described the concept of fear related to the risk of aspiration. According to this result, patients' relatives have a great fear of aspiration increasing the risk of readmission to hospital and of malnutrition. This result shows that informing patients' relatives will increase awareness and will allow them to provide informed care. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Collaborated with patients and their relatives regarding the risk of aspiration and contributed to the planning of care for the risk of aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Kaş
- Department of MidwiferyHealth Sciences Faculty, Kastamonu UniversityKastamonuTurkey
| | - Filiz Ö. Çakır
- Department of NursingHealth Sciences Faculty, Kastamonu UniversityKastamonuTurkey
| | - İdris Kocatürk
- Department of NeurologyKastamonu Training and Research HospitalKastamonuTurkey
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Koster E, Wadhwaniya Z, Namasivayam-MacDonald AM. Preliminary Study of the Effects of a Dysphagia Support Group on Quality of Life. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37130039 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties) can greatly decrease quality of life for individuals with dysphagia and can lead to caregiver burden and third-party disability. Support groups have been shown to be effective in improving quality of life in a range of conditions, through allowing individuals to form connections with those with shared experiences and sharing and learning about relevant resources and coping skills. However, no research on the effects of dysphagia support groups on quality of life has been conducted. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether a virtual support group, facilitated by speech-language pathologists, could positively affect quality of life in similar ways for adults with dysphagia and their family caregivers. METHOD Pre- and postsupport group surveys were sent to participants to gain information about their dysphagia, demographics, and support group feedback (e.g., access to resources). Questions were mainly multiple choice, with three open-ended questions related to the support group. RESULTS Eight individuals participated in the surveys, with four completing both pre- and postsession surveys. Seven of eight individuals reported that they felt a support group could improve their quality of life, with the eighth being unsure. Qualitative data found the support group offered both informational (e.g., resource access) and psychosocial support (e.g., knowledge that they were not alone, emotional support). CONCLUSION These initial results suggest that a dysphagia support group could fill a gap in the health care system to offer more holistic support to individuals with dysphagia and their family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Koster
- Rehabilitation Science - Speech-Language Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Makhnevich A, Marziliano A, Porreca K, Gromova V, Diefenbach MA, Sinvani L. Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Hospitalized Older Adults With Dementia: A Mixed-Methods Study of Care Partners. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:234-245. [PMID: 36538504 PMCID: PMC10023144 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) affects nearly 90% of hospitalized persons with dementia. Yet, little is known about the care partner experience. The purpose of our study was to describe the experience of care partners related to OD management in patients with dementia as they transition from the hospital to the community setting. METHOD Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted telephone interviews with care partners of recently hospitalized older adults with dementia and OD. Interviews consisted of quantitative/qualitative assessments: communication with health care team, perception about risks/benefits of dysphagia diet, and informational needs. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data. For the qualitative data, transcripts were independently coded by research team and categorized into themes. RESULTS Of the care partners interviewed (N = 24), mean age was 63.5 (SD = 14.9), 62.5% were female, and 66.7% were White. Nearly 60% of patients had severe dementia, and 66.7% required feeding assistance. Care partners (n = 18) reported moderate burden of 14.11 (SD = 10.03). Most care partners (83.3%) first learned about OD during hospitalization. Only 29.2% of care partners reported that they discussed OD with a physician. Care partner perception of dysphagia diet risks/benefits ranged widely: 33.3% thought dysphagia diets would promote a more enjoyable existence. Over half (54.2%) of care partners indicated no choice regarding dysphagia diets was presented to them. Two thirds (n = 16) of care partners were nonadherent to diet recommendations; the top reason (n = 13%) was diet refusal by patients. Although 83.3% of care partners wanted additional information regarding dysphagia management, only 20.8% sought any. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that care partners of persons with dementia face significant OD-related communication and informational gaps, which may lead to elevated burden. Future studies are needed to address unmet OD-related care partner needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Makhnevich
- Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine Hofstra Northwell, Hempstead, NY
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Allison Marziliano
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Kristen Porreca
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Valeria Gromova
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Michael A. Diefenbach
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Liron Sinvani
- Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine Hofstra Northwell, Hempstead, NY
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
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Weaver MS, Geppert CMA. Sometimes a difficult decision to swallow: Ethical dilemmas when patients with dysphagia who lack capacity want to eat. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:e97-e102. [PMID: 36272543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meaghann S Weaver
- VHA National Center for Ethics in Health Care (M.S.W., C.M.A.G.), Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Pediatrics (M.S.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
| | - Cynthia M A Geppert
- VHA National Center for Ethics in Health Care (M.S.W., C.M.A.G.), Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Internal Medicine (C.M.A.G.), Ethics Education, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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