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Kai H, Takada N, Thomson V, Suzuki H. Region-Specific Genetic Diversity of Black Rats ( Rattus rattus Complex) in Southeast and East Asia Shaped by Rapid Population Expansion Events. Zoolog Sci 2024; 41:290-301. [PMID: 38809868 DOI: 10.2108/zs230065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Among the six mitochondrial DNA lineages of the black rat (Rattus rattus Complex; RrC), lineages II and IV are widespread in Southeast and East Asia. This study explored their demographic history using 17 new sequences from the Miyako Islands in the Ryukyu archipelago, together with 178 publicly available cytochrome b sequences. We defined six and two haplotype groups showing rapid population expansion signals in Lineages II and IV, respectively. The six haplotype groups of Lineage II were represented by haplotypes from 1) Myanmar/Bangladesh/Northeast India, 2) Laos, 3) Thailand, 4) Indonesia/Philippines, 5) Vietnam/southern China, and 6) the Ryukyu archipelago. These expansion times were estimated using time-dependent evolutionary rates to be 115,300 years ago (ya), 128,500 ya, 9600 ya, 10,600 ya, 7200 ya, and 1400 ya, respectively, although all had large confidence intervals. The two groups of Lineage IV were recovered from the mainland and islands of Southeast Asia with predicted expansion times of 197,000 ya and 5800 ya, respectively. These results suggest that climatic fluctuations during the last 200,000 years of the Quaternary, affected the population dynamics in subtropical areas at different times. Furthermore, the results of the younger rapid expansion events of RrC suggest the possibility of agricultural advancement and dispersal of Neolithic farmers to different areas within the mainland and islands of Southeast Asia during the Holocene. A subset of rats from the Miyako Islands were found to have the same lineage IV haplotypes as those in Southeast Asia, suggesting a recent introduction of these new lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kai
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takada
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Vicki Thomson
- Centre for Conservation Ecology and Genomics, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan,
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Jobe NB, Huijben S, Paaijmans KP. Non-target effects of chemical malaria vector control on other biological and mechanical infectious disease vectors. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e706-e717. [PMID: 37558351 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Public health insecticides play a crucial role in malaria control and elimination programmes. Many other arthropods, including mechanical and biological vectors of infectious diseases, have similar indoor feeding or resting behaviours, or both, as malaria mosquitoes, and could be exposed to the same insecticides. In this Personal View, we show that little is known about the insecticide susceptibility status and the extent of exposure to malaria interventions of other arthropod species. We highlight that there is an urgent need to better understand the selection pressure for insecticide resistance in those vectors, to ensure current and future active ingredients remain effective in targeting a broad range of arthropod species, allowing us to prevent and control future outbreaks of infectious diseases other than malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndey Bassin Jobe
- The Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Silvie Huijben
- The Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Simon A Levin Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Krijn P Paaijmans
- The Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Simon A Levin Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; The Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.
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Kreppel KS, Telfer S, Rajerison M, Morse A, Baylis M. Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the development times and survival of Synopsyllus fonquerniei and Xenopsylla cheopis, the flea vectors of plague in Madagascar. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:82. [PMID: 26864070 PMCID: PMC4750303 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plague, a zoonosis caused by Yersinia pestis, is found in Asia, the Americas but mainly in Africa, with the island of Madagascar reporting almost one third of human cases worldwide. In the highlands of Madagascar, plague is transmitted predominantly by two flea species which coexist on the island, but differ in their distribution. The endemic flea, Synopsyllus fonquerniei, dominates flea communities on rats caught outdoors, while the cosmopolitan flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, is found mostly on rats caught in houses. Additionally S. fonquerniei seems restricted to areas above 800 m. Climatic constraints on the development of the two main vectors of plague could explain the differences in their distribution and the seasonal changes in their abundance. Here we present the first study on effects of temperature and relative humidity on the immature stages of both vector species. Methods We examined the two species’ temperature and humidity requirements under experimental conditions at five different temperatures and two relative humidities. By employing multivariate and survival analysis we established the impact of temperature and relative humidity on development times and survival for both species. Using degree-day analysis we then predicted the average developmental threshold for larvae to reach pupation and for pupae to complete development under each treatment. This analysis was undertaken separately for the two relative humidities and for the two species. Results Development times and time to death differed significantly, with the endemic S. fonquerniei taking on average 1.79 times longer to complete development and having a shorter time to death than X. cheopis under adverse conditions with high temperature and low humidity. Temperature had a significant effect on the development times of flea larvae and pupae. While humidity did not affect the development times of either species, it did influence the time of death of S. fonquerniei. Using degree-day analysis we estimated an average developmental threshold of 9 °C for S. fonquerniei, and 12.5 °C for X. cheopis. Conclusions While many vector-borne diseases are limited to warm, low-lying regions, plague in Madagascar is unusual in being most prevalent in the cool, highland regions of the country. Our results point towards the possibility that this is because the endemic flea vector, S. fonquerniei, is better adapted to cool temperatures than the exotic flea vector, X. cheopis. Future warming caused by climate change might reduce the area suitable for S. fonquerniei and may thus reduce the incidence of plague in Madagascar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S Kreppel
- LUCINDA group, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Sandra Telfer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, AB24 2TZ, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| | - Minoarisoa Rajerison
- Unité Peste - Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar.
| | - Andy Morse
- Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 3GP, UK. .,Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infection, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 3GP, UK.
| | - Matthew Baylis
- LUCINDA group, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK. .,Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infection, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 3GP, UK.
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Higgins TW, Bridges AS, Sanchez JN. Spatial Ecology of Invasive Black Rats ( Rattus rattus) On San Clemente Island, California. SOUTHWEST NAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1894/swnat-d-14-00020.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Brouat C, Tollenaere C, Estoup A, Loiseau A, Sommer S, Soanandrasana R, Rahalison L, Rajerison M, Piry S, Goodman SM, Duplantier JM. Invasion genetics of a human commensal rodent: the black ratRattus rattusin Madagascar. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:4153-67. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Brouat
- Ird; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
| | - C. Tollenaere
- Ird; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
| | - A. Estoup
- Inra; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro ); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
| | - A. Loiseau
- Inra; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro ); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
| | - S. Sommer
- Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW); Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17 10315 Berlin Germany
| | - R. Soanandrasana
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar (IPM); Unité Peste; BP 1274 Ambatofotsikely Antananarivo 101 Madagascar
| | - L. Rahalison
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar (IPM); Unité Peste; BP 1274 Ambatofotsikely Antananarivo 101 Madagascar
| | - M. Rajerison
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar (IPM); Unité Peste; BP 1274 Ambatofotsikely Antananarivo 101 Madagascar
| | - S. Piry
- Inra; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro ); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
| | - S. M. Goodman
- Field Museum of Natural History; 1400 South Lake Shore Drive Chicago IL 60605 USA
- Association Vahatra; BP 3972 Antananarivo 101 Madagascar
| | - J.-M. Duplantier
- Ird; CBGP (UMR INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro); 755 avenue du campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988 Montferrier sur Lez cedex France
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Aplin KP, Suzuki H, Chinen AA, Chesser RT, Ten Have J, Donnellan SC, Austin J, Frost A, Gonzalez JP, Herbreteau V, Catzeflis F, Soubrier J, Fang YP, Robins J, Matisoo-Smith E, Bastos ADS, Maryanto I, Sinaga MH, Denys C, Van Den Bussche RA, Conroy C, Rowe K, Cooper A. Multiple geographic origins of commensalism and complex dispersal history of Black Rats. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26357. [PMID: 22073158 PMCID: PMC3206810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Black Rat (Rattus rattus) spread out of Asia to become one of the world's worst agricultural and urban pests, and a reservoir or vector of numerous zoonotic diseases, including the devastating plague. Despite the global scale and inestimable cost of their impacts on both human livelihoods and natural ecosystems, little is known of the global genetic diversity of Black Rats, the timing and directions of their historical dispersals, and the risks associated with contemporary movements. We surveyed mitochondrial DNA of Black Rats collected across their global range as a first step towards obtaining an historical genetic perspective on this socioeconomically important group of rodents. We found a strong phylogeographic pattern with well-differentiated lineages of Black Rats native to South Asia, the Himalayan region, southern Indochina, and northern Indochina to East Asia, and a diversification that probably commenced in the early Middle Pleistocene. We also identified two other currently recognised species of Rattus as potential derivatives of a paraphyletic R. rattus. Three of the four phylogenetic lineage units within R. rattus show clear genetic signatures of major population expansion in prehistoric times, and the distribution of particular haplogroups mirrors archaeologically and historically documented patterns of human dispersal and trade. Commensalism clearly arose multiple times in R. rattus and in widely separated geographic regions, and this may account for apparent regionalism in their associated pathogens. Our findings represent an important step towards deeper understanding the complex and influential relationship that has developed between Black Rats and humans, and invite a thorough re-examination of host-pathogen associations among Black Rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken P Aplin
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra, Australia.
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TOLLENAERE C, DUPLANTIER JM, RAHALISON L, RANJALAHY M, BROUAT C. AFLP genome scan in the black rat (Rattus rattus) from Madagascar: detecting genetic markers undergoing plague-mediated selection. Mol Ecol 2010; 20:1026-38. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04633.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Tollenaere C, Rahalison L, Ranjalahy M, Rahelinirina S, Duplantier JM, Brouat C. CCR5 polymorphism and plague resistance in natural populations of the black rat in Madagascar. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2008; 8:891-7. [PMID: 18703167 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Madagascar remains one of the world's largest plague foci. The black rat, Rattus rattus, is the main reservoir of plague in rural areas. This species is highly susceptible to plague in plague-free areas (low-altitude regions), whereas rats from the plague focus areas (central highlands) have evolved a disease-resistance polymorphism. We used the candidate gene CCR5 to investigate the genetic basis of plague resistance in R. rattus. We found a unique non-synonymous substitution (H184R) in a functionally important region of the gene. We then compared (i) CCR5 genotypes of dying and surviving plague-challenged rats and (ii) CCR5 allelic frequencies in plague focus and plague-free populations. Our results suggested a higher prevalence of the substitution in resistant animals compared to susceptible individuals, and a tendency for higher frequencies in plague focus areas compared to plague-free areas. Therefore, the CCR5 polymorphism may be involved in Malagasy black rat plague resistance. CCR5 and other undetermined plague resistance markers may provide useful biological information about host evolution and disease dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tollenaere
- IRD UMR CBGP (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier sur Lez Cedex, France.
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Gilabert A, Loiseau A, Duplantier JM, Rahelinirina S, Rahalison L, Chanteau S, Brouat C. Genetic structure of black rat populations in a rural plague focus in Madagascar. CAN J ZOOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/z07-083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The genetic structure of reservoir populations is a key characteristic in understanding the persistence of infectious diseases in natural systems. In the Highlands of Madagascar, where plague has persisted since 1920, the black rat, Rattus rattus (L., 1758), is the sole species acting as a reservoir of the disease. Ecological surveys have shown a clear correlation between the locations of the plague-persistence area in Madagascar (above 800 m elevation) and the distribution area of one endemic plague vector, the flea Synopsyllus fonquerniei , which is found exclusively on rats living outdoors. This clear habitat segregation has led to the suggestion that R. rattus populations in the central highlands are divided into indoor- and outdoor-dwelling populations. Using eight microsatellite markers, we analysed the genetic structure of R. rattus populations living within a human plague focus in relation to habitat and geographic distance. We found that habitat by itself was not a structuring factor, unlike geographic distance. Nevertheless, the significant genotypic differentiation of R. rattus populations that was found at a fine spatial scale might relate to differences in population dynamics between rats in indoor and outdoor habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Gilabert
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - A. Loiseau
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - J.-M. Duplantier
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - S. Rahelinirina
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - L. Rahalison
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - S. Chanteau
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - C. Brouat
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (Unité de Recherche 022), Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, CEDEX, France
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Unité Peste, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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Granjon L, Bâ K, Daouda IH, Duplantier JM. New data on chromosomes from murid Rodents of Benin - The karyotype of Myomys derooi. MAMMALIA 2005. [DOI: 10.1515/mamm.2005.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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