DDAVP enhances the ability of blood monocytes to form rosettes with activated platelets by increasing the expression of P-selectin sialylated ligands on the monocyte surface

Effects of neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy and desmopressin on acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats

OBJECTIVE

The role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) as a direct immune regulator has not yet been clarified, and more work is needed to assess its involvement in the immunoneuroendocrine network. In the present study, the effects of neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy (NIL) and desmopressin (DP), an agonist of AVP, on acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in female Lewis rats were evaluated. The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis was also assessed.

METHODS

Five groups of rats were used, as follows: (1) sham-operated (SHAM) rats, (2) SHAM + DP rats, (3) NIL rats, (4) NIL + DP rats and (5) untreated normal control rats. DP treatment started 2 weeks after surgery, and immunization to induce EAE was carried out 1 week later.

RESULTS

SHAM rats developed full-blown clinical and histological signs of EAE and activation of the HPA axis. SHAM + DP animals had mild clinical signs of EAE, inflammatory infiltrations in the spinal cord and an activated HPA axis. NIL animals developed minimal EAE, scanty spinal cord inflammation and no changes in HPA axis activity. NIL + DP rats developed severe clinical signs of EAE, extensive spinal cord inflammatory infiltrations and marked activation of the HPA axis.

CONCLUSIONS

NIL decreased the cell-mediated immune response, while DP in NIL animals restored the immune response. AVP is directly involved in the maintenance of immune competence.

Hämostyptika

Desmopressin (DDAVP) wurde 1966 als Abkömmling des antidiuretischen Hypophysenhormons Arginin-Vasopressin synthetisch hergestellt. Zu den antidiuretischen Indikationen zählen Diabetes insipidus und Enuresis nocturna, zudem wird es in Tests zur Bestimmung der Nierenkonzentrationsfähigkeit verwendet

Hydruric response in Wistar and vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats to water load under conditions of increased brain serotonin level

The hydruric response to water load in Wistar rats and homozygous Brattleboro rats with a hereditary defect in the synthesis of vasopressin was studied under conditions of increased brain serotonin level. Serotonin prevented the reduction in reabsorption of osmotically free water in normal rats, but had no effect in vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats. Our results suggest that serotonin stimulates vasopressin secretion and interacts with the vasopressinergic system during the realization of osmotic regulation.