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Panicker AJ, Prokop LJ, Hacke K, Jaramillo A, Griffiths LG. Outcome-based Risk Assessment of Non-HLA Antibodies in Heart Transplantation: A Systematic Review. J Heart Lung Transplant 2024:S1053-2498(24)01683-8. [PMID: 38796046 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current monitoring after heart transplantation (HT) employs repeated invasive endomyocardial biopsies (EMB). Although positive EMB confirms rejection, EMB fails to predict impending, subclinical, or EMB-negative rejection events. While non-human leukocyte antigen (non-HLA) antibodies have emerged as important risk factors for antibody-mediated rejection after HT, their use in clinical risk stratification has been limited. A systematic review of the role of non-HLA antibodies in rejection pathologies has the potential to guide efforts to overcome deficiencies of EMB in rejection monitoring. METHODS Databases were searched to include studies on non-HLA antibodies in HT recipients. Data collected included the number of patients, type of rejection, non-HLA antigen studied, association of non-HLA antibodies with rejection, and evidence for synergistic interaction between non-HLA antibodies and donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibody (HLA-DSA) responses. RESULTS A total of 56 studies met the inclusion criteria. Strength of evidence for each non-HLA antibody was evaluated based on the number of articles and patients in support versus against their role in mediating rejection. Importantly, despite previous intense focus on the role of anti-major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) and anti-angiotensin II type I receptor antibodies (AT1R) in HT rejection, evidence for their involvement was equivocal. Conversely, the strength of evidence for other non-HLA antibodies supports that differing rejection pathologies are driven by differing non-HLA antibodies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review underscores the importance of identifying peri-HT non-HLA antibodies. Current evidence supports the role of non-HLA antibodies in all forms of HT rejection. Further investigations are required to define the mechanisms of action of non-HLA antibodies in HT rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali J Panicker
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Larry J Prokop
- Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katrin Hacke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Andrés Jaramillo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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2
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Alur V, Raju V, Vastrad B, Vastrad C, Kavatagimath S, Kotturshetti S. Bioinformatics Analysis of Next Generation Sequencing Data Identifies Molecular Biomarkers Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231155635. [PMID: 36844983 PMCID: PMC9944228 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231155635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common metabolic disorder. The aim of the present investigation was to identify gene signature specific to T2DM. Methods The next generation sequencing (NGS) dataset GSE81608 was retrieved from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between T2DM and normal controls. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, modules, miRNA (micro RNA)-hub gene regulatory network construction and TF (transcription factor)-hub gene regulatory network construction, and topological analysis were performed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was also performed to verify the prognostic value of hub genes. Results A total of 927 DEGs (461 were up regulated and 466 down regulated genes) were identified in T2DM. GO and REACTOME results showed that DEGs mainly enriched in protein metabolic process, establishment of localization, metabolism of proteins, and metabolism. The top centrality hub genes APP, MYH9, TCTN2, USP7, SYNPO, GRB2, HSP90AB1, UBC, HSPA5, and SQSTM1 were screened out as the critical genes. ROC analysis provides prognostic value of hub genes. Conclusion The potential crucial genes, especially APP, MYH9, TCTN2, USP7, SYNPO, GRB2, HSP90AB1, UBC, HSPA5, and SQSTM1, might be linked with risk of T2DM. Our study provided novel insights of T2DM into genetics, molecular pathogenesis, and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Alur
- Department of Endocrinology, J.J.M
Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Varshita Raju
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, J.J.M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Gadag, Karnataka, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics,
Chanabasava Nilaya, Dharwad, Karnataka, India,Chanabasayya Vastrad, Biostatistics and
Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, Karnataka 580001,
India.
| | - Satish Kavatagimath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, K.L.E.
College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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3
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Yan J, Yang Y, Fan X, Tang Y, Tang Z. Sp1-Mediated circRNA circHipk2 Regulates Myogenesis by Targeting Ribosomal Protein Rpl7. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050696. [PMID: 34066653 PMCID: PMC8151578 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of covalently closed single-stranded RNA molecules that are emerging as essential regulators of various biological processes. The circRNA circHipk2 originates from exon 2 of the Hipk2 gene in mice and was reported to be involved in acute promyelocytic leukemia and myocardial injury. However, the functions and mechanisms of circHipk2 in myogenesis are largely unknown. Here, to deepen our knowledge about the role of circHipk2, we studied the expression and function of circHipk2 during skeletal myogenesis. We found that circHipk2 was mostly distributed in the cytoplasm, and dynamically and differentially expressed in various myogenesis systems in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, overexpression of circHipk2 inhibited myoblast proliferation and promoted myotube formation in C2C12 cells, whereas the opposite effects were observed after circHipk2 knockdown. Mechanistically, circHipk2 could directly bind to ribosomal protein Rpl7, an essential 60S preribosomal assembly factor, to inhibit ribosome translation. In addition, we verified that transcription factor Sp1 directly bound to the promoter of circHipk2 and affected the expression of Hipk2 and circHipk2 in C2C12 myoblasts. Collectively, these findings identify circHipk2 as a candidate circRNA regulating ribosome biogenesis and myogenesis proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.F.); (Y.T.)
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Research Centre of Animal Nutritional Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.F.); (Y.T.)
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
| | - Xinhao Fan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.F.); (Y.T.)
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
| | - Yijie Tang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.F.); (Y.T.)
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Research Centre of Animal Nutritional Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
| | - Zhonglin Tang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.F.); (Y.T.)
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Research Centre of Animal Nutritional Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
- GuangXi Engineering Centre for Resource Development of Bama Xiang Pig, Bama 547500, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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Li SY, Yoshida Y, Kobayashi E, Adachi A, Hirono S, Matsutani T, Mine S, Machida T, Ohno M, Nishi E, Maezawa Y, Takemoto M, Yokote K, Kitamura K, Sumazaki M, Ito M, Shimada H, Takizawa H, Kashiwado K, Tomiyoshi G, Shinmen N, Nakamura R, Kuroda H, Zhang XM, Wang H, Goto K, Iwadate Y, Hiwasa T. Association between serum anti‑ASXL2 antibody levels and acute ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and digestive organ cancer, and their possible association with atherosclerosis and hypertension. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1274-1288. [PMID: 32945427 PMCID: PMC7447314 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify novel antibody markers for the early diagnosis of atherosclerosis in order to improve the prognosis of patients at risk for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A first screening involved the serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning and identified additional sex combs-like 2 (ASXL2) as a target antigen recognized by serum IgG antibodies in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis. Antigens, including the recombinant glutathione S-transferasefused ASXL2 protein and its synthetic peptide were then prepared to examine serum antibody levels. Amplified luminescence proximity homoge-neous assay-linked immunosorbent assay, which incorporates glutathione-donor beads and anti-human-IgG-acceptor beads, revealed significantly higher serum antibody levels against the ASXL2 protein and its peptide in the patients with AIS, diabetes mellitus, AMI, chronic kidney disease, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, or colorectal carcinoma compared with those in healthy donors. The ASXL2 antibody levels were well associated with hypertension complication, but not with sex, body mass index, habitual smoking, or alcohol intake. These results suggest that the serum ASXL2 antibody marker can discriminate between hypertension-induced atherosclerotic AIS and AMI, as well as a number of digestive organ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yang Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Akihiko Adachi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Hirono
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Tomoo Matsutani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290‑0512, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606‑8507, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606‑8507, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kitamura
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Yamanashi School of Medicine, Yamanashi 409‑3898, Japan
| | - Makoto Sumazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba 260‑0025, Japan
| | - Koichi Kashiwado
- Department of Neurology, Kashiwado Hospital, Chiba 260‑8656, Japan
| | - Go Tomiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Natsuko Shinmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Rika Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama 340‑0203, Japan
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Goto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260‑8670, Japan
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5
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Dieudé M, Turgeon J, Karakeussian Rimbaud A, Beillevaire D, Qi S, Patey N, Gaboury LA, Boilard É, Hébert M. Extracellular vesicles derived from injured vascular tissue promote the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures in vascular allografts. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:726-738. [PMID: 31729155 PMCID: PMC7064890 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) accumulate at sites of chronic injury where they function as an ectopic germinal center, fostering local autoimmune responses. Vascular injury leads to the release of endothelial-derived apoptotic exosome-like vesicles (ApoExo) that contribute to rejection in transplanted organs. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of ApoExo on TLS formation in a model of vascular allograft rejection. Mice transplanted with an allogeneic aortic transplant were injected with ApoExo. The formation of TLS was significantly increased by ApoExo injection along with vascular remodeling and increased levels of antinuclear antibodies and anti-perlecan/LG3 autoantibodies. ApoExo also enhanced allograft infiltration by γδT17 cells. Recipients deficient in γδT cells showed reduced TLS formation and lower autoantibodies levels following ApoExo injection. ApoExo are characterized by proteasome activity, which can be blocked by bortezomib. Bortezomib treated ApoExo reduced the recruitment of γδT17 cells to the allograft, lowered TLS formation, and reduced autoantibody production. This study identifies vascular injury-derived extracellular vesicles (ApoExo), as initiators of TLS formation and demonstrates the pivotal role of γδT17 in coordinating TLS formation and autoantibody production. Finally, our results suggest proteasome inhibition with bortezomib as a potential option for controlling TLS formation in rejected allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Dieudé
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Université de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Julie Turgeon
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Annie Karakeussian Rimbaud
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Déborah Beillevaire
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Shijie Qi
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Nathalie Patey
- Centre de recherche du CHU Ste‐JustineDépartement de pathologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Louis A. Gaboury
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer & Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Éric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de QuébecUniversité LavalMontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Marie‐Josée Hébert
- Research CentreCentre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada,Université de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada,Canadian National Transplantation Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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6
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Nonhuman leukocyte antigen antibodies that have impact in the heart transplant patient. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2019; 24:279-285. [DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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7
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Dieudé M, Cardinal H, Hébert MJ. Injury derived autoimmunity: Anti-perlecan/LG3 antibodies in transplantation. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:608-613. [PMID: 31029511 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic, immunologic or pharmacological stressors can induce vascular injury and endothelial apoptosis in organ donors, in transplant candidates due to the impact of end stage organ failure on the vasculature, and in association with peri-transplantation events. Vascular injury may shape innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to dysregulation in the balance between tolerance and immunoreactivity to vascular-derived antigens. Mounting evidence shows that the early stages of apoptosis, characterized by the absence of membrane permeabilization, are prone to trigger various modes of intercellular communication allowing neoantigen production, exposure, or both. In this review, we present the evidence for the release of LG3, an immunogenic fragment of perlecan, as a consequence of caspase-3 dependent vascular apoptosis leading to the genesis of anti-LG3 autoantibodies and the consequences of these autoantibodies in native and transplanted kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Dieudé
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Canada; Université de Montréal, Canada.
| | - Héloïse Cardinal
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Canada; Université de Montréal, Canada.
| | - Marie-Josée Hébert
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Canada; Université de Montréal, Canada.
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8
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Padet L, Dieudé M, Karakeussian‐Rimbaud A, Yang B, Turgeon J, Cailhier J, Cardinal H, Hébert M. New insights into immune mechanisms of antiperlecan/LG3 antibody production: Importance of T cells and innate B1 cells. Am J Transplant 2019; 19:699-712. [PMID: 30129231 PMCID: PMC6519043 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies against perlecan/LG3 (anti-LG3) have been associated with increased risks of delayed graft function, acute rejection, and reduced long-term survival. High titers of anti-LG3 antibodies have been found in de novo renal transplants recipients in the absence of allosensitizing or autoimmune conditions. Here, we seek to understand the pathways controlling anti-LG3 production prior to transplantation. Mice immunized with recombinant LG3 produce concomitantly IgM and IgG anti-LG3 antibodies suggesting a memory response. ELISpot confirmed the presence of LG3-specific memory B cells in nonimmunized mice. Purification of B1 and B2 subtypes identified peritoneal B1 cells as the major source of memory B cells reactive to LG3. Although nonimmunized CD4-deficient mice were found to express LG3-specific memory B cells, depletion of CD4+ T cells in wild type mice during immunization significantly decreased anti-LG3 production. These results demonstrate that B cell memory to LG3 is T cell independent but that production of anti-LG3 antibodies requires T cell help. Further supporting an important role for T cells in controlling anti-LG3 levels, we found that human renal transplant recipients show a significant decrease in anti-LG3 titers upon the initiation of CNI-based immunosuppression. Collectively, these results identify T cell targeting interventions as a means of reducing anti-LG3 levels in renal transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Padet
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Université de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Mélanie Dieudé
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Annie Karakeussian‐Rimbaud
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Bing Yang
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Université de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Julie Turgeon
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Jean‐François Cailhier
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Héloïse Cardinal
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Marie‐Josée Hébert
- Research CentreCentre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontrealQuebecCanada,Canadian National Transplant Research ProgramEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Université de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
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9
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Yoshida Y, Hiwasa T, Machida T, Kobayashi E, Mine S, Matsushima J, Takiguchi M, Iwadate Y. Elevation of Autoantibody in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2018; 58:303-310. [PMID: 29848906 PMCID: PMC6048350 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2018-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical research has revealed a significant correlation between atherosclerosis, one of the primary etiologies of ischemic stroke, and the immune system. Assuming that "disease-specific autoantibodies are produced in the sera of patients with ischemic stroke," we investigated multiple arteriosclerosis-related antibodies using the serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning (SEREX), an established method for identifying antigenic proteins. We either screened a human aortic endothelial cell cDNA library or conducted protein array screening using the sera from patients with ischemic stroke, such as carotid artery stenosis or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Next, we measured serum antibody levels using amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) in patient/healthy donor (HD) cohorts and identified several antigens, the antibody levels of which were significantly higher in patients with ischemic stroke than in HDs. This review introduced the method of identifying antigens by the SEREX and protein microarray and summarized antigenic proteins. In particular, it focused on anti-replication protein A2 antibody and anti-programmed cell death 11 antibody, which are significantly related to atherosclerotic plaque and ischemic brain tissue, respectively, and proposed the mechanism of elevated autoantibody levels against them. Furthermore, this review suggests a possibility of clinical application as an atherosclerotic disease diagnostic marker for TIA or cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center.,Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center.,Department of Neurosurgery, Prefectural Sawara Hospital
| | - Jun Matsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Masaki Takiguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
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10
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Yoshida Y, Wang H, Hiwasa T, Machida T, Kobayashi E, Mine S, Tomiyoshi G, Nakamura R, Shinmen N, Kuroda H, Takizawa H, Kashiwado K, Kamitsukasa I, Shin H, Wada T, Aotsuka A, Nishi E, Ohno M, Takemoto M, Yokote K, Takahashi S, Matsushima J, Zhang XM, Takiguchi M, Iwadate Y. Elevation of autoantibody level against PDCD11 in patients with transient ischemic attack. Oncotarget 2017; 9:8836-8848. [PMID: 29507658 PMCID: PMC5823671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disease specific autoantibodies have been detected in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis-related diseases, such as cerebral infarction, cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we aimed to identify novel autoantibodies responsible for transient ischemic attack (TIA), a prodromal condition for cerebral infarction. Methods To identify candidate antigens, we screened a human aortic endothelial cell cDNA library using sera from 20 patients with TIA. Serum antibody levels were measured using amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) in 2 independent patient/healthy donor (HD) cohorts (n = 192 and n = 906 in the second screening and validation cohort, respectively). Results First screening identified 3 candidate antigens. Of these, programmed cell death 11 (PDCD11) was determined to be associated with stroke (p < 0.0001), as evidenced from the second screening using AlphaLISA. The validation cohort revealed significantly higher antibody levels against PDCD11 (PDCD11-Ab levels) in patients with TIA than in HDs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the predictive value of PDCD11-Ab levels for TIA [Odds ratio (OR): 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-4.57, p = 0.0039] was not inferior to other known risk factors for ischemic stroke, including age (OR: 4.97, 95% CI: 2.67-9.48, p < 0.0001); hypertension (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.76-5.86, p = 0.0001); and diabetes (OR: 4.31, 95% CI: 1.74-11.2, p = 0.0015). Conclusion Serum PDCD11-Ab level may serve as a potential biomarker for TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Ichihara, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Ichihara, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sawara Prefectural Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Go Tomiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Rika Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Shinmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Ikuo Kamitsukasa
- Department of Neurology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Chibaken Saiseikai Narashino Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideo Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Higashi Funabashi Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Wada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyo Aotsuka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sho Takahashi
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Matsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Takiguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Dieudé M, Bell C, Turgeon J, Beillevaire D, Pomerleau L, Yang B, Hamelin K, Qi S, Pallet N, Béland C, Dhahri W, Cailhier JF, Rousseau M, Duchez AC, Lévesque T, Lau A, Rondeau C, Gingras D, Muruve D, Rivard A, Cardinal H, Perreault C, Desjardins M, Boilard É, Thibault P, Hébert MJ. The 20
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proteasome core, active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, induces autoantibody production and accelerates rejection. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:318ra200. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac9816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Machida T, Kubota M, Kobayashi E, Iwadate Y, Saeki N, Yamaura A, Nomura F, Takiguchi M, Hiwasa T. Identification of stroke-associated-antigens via screening of recombinant proteins from the human expression cDNA library (SEREX). J Transl Med 2015; 13:71. [PMID: 25890248 PMCID: PMC4344740 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because circulating antibodies against a variety of antigens have been detected in patients with coronary heart disease, carotid atherosclerosis and those who have suffered a stroke, it is suspected that immune response may be one of the mechanisms of atherogenesis The objective of this study is to identify novel antibodies in ischemic stroke patients by screening the expressed recombinant proteins using a human cDNA library (SEREX). Methods To identify the candidate antigens, cDNA library was screened by SEREX using plasma from ten patients with ischemic stroke. Subsequently, via ELISA using recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides, the serum antibody levels were measured in two independent patient/healthy donor (HD) cohorts (142 and 78 in the 2nd screening and a validation cohort, respectively). Results The initial screening resulted in the identification of six candidate antigens. Of these antigens, replication protein A2 (RPA2) was determined to be the antigen associated with stroke (P < 0.05) by ELISA with 2nd screening and validation cohort. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the increased levels of the RPA2 antibodies (RPA2-Abs) associated with stroke independent of other risk factors for stroke (P < 0.05). Receiver operating curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve from ELISA using GST fusion RPA2 and synthetic peptides (bRPA2-132) were 0.867 (95% CI: 0.798-0.936) and 0.971 (95% CI: 0.940-1.00), respectively. If the cut-off value of the bRPA2-132-Ab level was determined to be 0.334, the sensitivity and specificity of the antibody level as the diagnostic marker for stroke were 0.323 (95% CI: 0.209-0.453) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.713-1.00), respectively. Conclusions SEREX identified RPA2 as the antigen associated with ischemic stroke and serum auto-antibodies against RPA2 elevates in stroke patients. RPA2-Abs could become a biomarker for the evaluation of ischemic stroke at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Machida
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cardiovascular Center, Ichihara, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Motoo Kubota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Naokatsu Saeki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Akira Yamaura
- Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Masaki Takiguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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13
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Gao B, Moore C, Porcheray F, Rong C, Abidoglu C, DeVito J, Paine R, Girouard TC, Saidman SL, Schoenfeld D, Levin B, Wong W, Elias N, Schuetz C, Rosales IA, Fu Y, Zorn E. Pretransplant IgG reactivity to apoptotic cells correlates with late kidney allograft loss. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1581-91. [PMID: 24935695 PMCID: PMC4120834 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Preexisting serum antibodies have long been associated with graft loss in transplant recipients. While most studies have focused on HLA-specific antibodies, the contribution of non-HLA-reactive antibodies has been largely overlooked. We have recently characterized mAbs secreted by B cell clones derived from kidney allograft recipients with rejection that bind to apoptotic cells. Here, we assessed the presence of such antibodies in pretransplant serum from 300 kidney transplant recipients and examined their contribution to the graft outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with high pretransplant IgG reactivity to apoptotic cells had a significantly increased rate of late graft loss. The effect was only apparent after approximately 1 year posttransplant. Moreover, the association between pretransplant IgG reactivity to apoptotic cells and graft loss was still significant after excluding patients with high reactivity to HLA. This reactivity was almost exclusively mediated by IgG1 and IgG3 with complement fixing and activating properties. Overall, our findings support the view that IgG reactive to apoptotic cells contribute to presensitization. Taking these antibodies into consideration alongside anti-HLA antibodies during candidate evaluation would likely improve the transplant risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Gao
- Transplant Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Moore
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabrice Porcheray
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunshu Rong
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Cem Abidoglu
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie DeVito
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosemary Paine
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy C. Girouard
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan L. Saidman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Schoenfeld
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
| | - Bruce Levin
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Waichi Wong
- Division of Nephrology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nahel Elias
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Schuetz
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivy A. Rosales
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yaowen Fu
- Transplant Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Emmanuel Zorn
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Corresponding author: Emmanuel Zorn, Massachusetts General Hospital, Transplant Center, Thier 807, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, , Tel: (617) 643-3675, Fax: (617) 724-3471
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14
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Valenzuela NM, Reed EF. Antibodies in transplantation: the effects of HLA and non-HLA antibody binding and mechanisms of injury. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1034:41-70. [PMID: 23775730 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-493-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, allograft rejection was thought to be mediated primarily by alloreactive T cells. Consequently, immunosuppressive approaches focused on inhibition of T cell activation. While short-term graft survival has significantly improved and rejection rates have dropped, acute rejection has not been eliminated and chronic rejection remains the major threat to long-term graft survival. Increased attention to humoral immunity in experimental systems and in the clinic has revealed that donor specific antibodies (DSA) can mediate and promote acute and chronic rejection. Herein, we detail the effects of alloantibody, particularly HLA antibody, binding to graft vascular and other cells, and briefly summarize the experimental methods used to assess such outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Valenzuela
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Immunogenetics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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15
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Porcheray F, Fraser JW, Gao B, McColl A, DeVito J, Dargon I, Helou Y, Wong W, Girouard TC, Saidman SL, Colvin RB, Palmisano A, Maggiore U, Vaglio A, Smith RN, Zorn E. Polyreactive antibodies developing amidst humoral rejection of human kidney grafts bind apoptotic cells and activate complement. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:2590-600. [PMID: 23919437 PMCID: PMC3864117 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibody mediated rejection (AMR) is associated with a variety of graft-reactive antibodies following kidney transplant. To characterize these antibodies, we immortalized 107 B cell clones from a patient with AMR. In a previous study, we showed that six clones were reacting to multiple self-antigens as well as to HLA and MICA for two of them, thus displaying a pattern of polyreactivity. We show here that all six polyreactive clones also reacted to apoptotic but not viable cells. More generally we observed a nearly perfect overlap between polyreactivity and reactivity to apoptotic cells. Functionally, polyreactive antibodies can activate complement, resulting in the deposition of C3d and C4d at the surface of target cells. Testing the serum of 88 kidney transplant recipients revealed a significantly higher IgG reactivity to apoptotic cells in AMR patients than in patients with stable graft function. Moreover, total IgG purified from AMR patients had increased complement activating properties compared to IgG from non-AMR patients. Overall, our studies show the development of polyreactive antibodies cross-reactive to apoptotic cells during AMR. Further studies are now warranted to determine their contribution to the detection of C4d in graft biopsies as well as their role in the pathophysiology of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Porcheray
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - James W. Fraser
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Baoshan Gao
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA,Transplant Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aisleen McColl
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Julie DeVito
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Ian Dargon
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Ynes Helou
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Waichi Wong
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Timothy C. Girouard
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Susan L. Saidman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Robert B. Colvin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | | | | | - Augusto Vaglio
- Unit of Nephrology, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rex Neal Smith
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Emmanuel Zorn
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
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16
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Porcheray F, DeVito J, Helou Y, Dargon I, Fraser JW, Nobecourt P, Ferdman J, Germana S, Girouard TC, Kawai T, Saidman SL, Wong W, Colvin RB, Leguern C, Zorn E. Expansion of polyreactive B cells cross-reactive to HLA and self in the blood of a patient with kidney graft rejection. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2088-97. [PMID: 22510337 PMCID: PMC3402627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibody rejection is often accompanied by nondonor HLA specific antibodies (NDSA) and self-reactive antibodies that develop alongside donor-specific antibodies (DSA). To determine the source of these antibodies, we immortalized 107 B-cell clones from a kidney transplant recipient with humoral rejection. Two of these clones reacted to HLA class I or MICA. Both clones were also reactive to self-antigens and a lysate of a kidney cell line, hence revealing a pattern of polyreactivity. Monoclonality was verified by the identification of a single rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) sequence for each clone. By tracking their unique CDR3 sequence, we found that one such polyreactive clone was highly expanded in the patient blood, representing ~0.2% of circulating B cells. The VH sequence of this clone showed evidence of somatic mutations that were consistent with its memory phenotype and its expansion. Lastly, the reactivity of the expanded polyreactive B-cell clone was found in the patient serum at time of rejection. In conclusion, we provide here proof of principle at the clonal level that human antibodies can cross-react to HLA and self. Our findings strongly suggest that polyreactive antibodies contribute to DSA, NDSA as well as autoantibodies, in transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Porcheray
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Julie DeVito
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Ynes Helou
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Ian Dargon
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - James W. Fraser
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Priscilla Nobecourt
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Jack Ferdman
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Sharon Germana
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Timothy C. Girouard
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Susan L. Saidman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Waichi Wong
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Robert B. Colvin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Christian Leguern
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Emmanuel Zorn
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
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17
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Acevedo MJ, Caro-Oleas JL, Álvarez-Márquez AJ, Sobrino JM, Lage-Gallé E, Aguilera I, Núñez-Roldán A. Antibodies against heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in patients with cardiac allograft vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011; 30:1051-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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18
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Mahesh B, Leong HS, Nair KS, McCormack A, Sarathchandra P, Rose ML. Autoimmunity to vimentin potentiates graft vasculopathy in murine cardiac allografts. Transplantation 2010; 90:4-13. [PMID: 20463646 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181dfa694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence for a role for autoimmunity in transplant rejection. It has previously been shown that autoantibodies to vimentin (Vim) accelerate acute rejection of murine cardiac allografts. We have investigated whether autoimmunity to Vim contributes to development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). METHODS Two well-established minor mismatch murine models of CAV were used, transplantation of 129/sv hearts into T-cell-depleted C57Bl/6 (B6) recipients and transplantation of FVB hearts into nonimmunosuppressed DBA/1 recipients. Recipients were immunized with recombinant mouse Vim in complete Freunds adjuvant, and controls received hen egg lysozyme 2 weeks before transplantation. T cell and antibody responses to Vim were assessed by ELISPOT and ELISA, respectively. CAV within transplanted hearts was assessed by quantitative morphometry of occluded vessels, presence of smooth muscle cells, deposition of C3d, and confocal microscopy. RESULTS Allografts were harvested from B6 recipients at days 30 and 45 and from DBA/1 recipients at days 18 and 35. At all days, there was significantly more intimal occlusion of arteries of Vim -immunized mice than controls. There was significantly more smooth muscle cell alpha actin in vessels from Vim-immunized mice, and more C3d deposited in hearts from Vim-immunized mice. Confocal microscopy demonstrated colocalization of Vim with C3d on endothelial cells, leukocytes, and platelets in allogeneic but not syngeneic hearts. Serum from Vim-immunized mice, but not controls, caused platelet/leukocyte conjugation when added to mouse leukocytes. CONCLUSION The autoimmune response to Vim accelerates CAV progression in these minor-mismatched models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan Mahesh
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, United Kingdom
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19
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Abstract
For several decades, allograft rejection was believed to be mediated almost exclusively by cellular immune responses, but it is now realized that humoral responses also play a major role. Although directed typically against donor human leukocyte antigen, it is becoming increasingly evident that the antibody response can also target autoantigens that are shared between donor and recipient and that this autoantibody may contribute to graft rejection. Many aspects of transplant-induced humoral autoimmunity remain poorly understood and key questions persist; not least what triggers the response and how autoantibody causes graft damage. Here, we collate results from recent clinical and experimental studies in transplantation and autoimmune diseases to propose answers to these questions.
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20
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Nath DS, Ilias Basha H, Tiriveedhi V, Alur C, Phelan D, Ewald GA, Moazami N, Mohanakumar T. Characterization of immune responses to cardiac self-antigens myosin and vimentin in human cardiac allograft recipients with antibody-mediated rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010; 29:1277-85. [PMID: 20615726 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2010.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herein we study the role of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) to mismatched human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and antibodies (Abs) to the cardiac self-antigens myosin (MYO) and vimentin (VIM) in the pathogenesis of acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in the early post-transplant period (EP, <12 months) and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in the late post-transplant period (LP, >12 months) after heart transplantation (HTx). METHODS One hundred forty-eight HTx recipients (65 in EP, 83 in LP) were enrolled in the study. Development of DSA was determined by Luminex. Circulating Abs against MYO and VIM in sera were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Frequency of CD4+ T-helper cells (CD4+ Th) secreting interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-10 or IL-5 specific to either MYO or VIM were analyzed in vitro using ELISpot assays. RESULTS AMR patients were more likely DSA positive (AMR-: 15%; AMR+: 70%; p = 0.03) and demonstrated increased Abs to MYO (AMR-: 144 ± 115 μg/ml; AMR+: 285 ± 70 μg/ml; p = 0.033) and VIM (AMR-: 37 ± 19 μg/ml; AMR+: 103 ± 43 μg/ml; p = 0.014). AMR patients demonstrated increased IL-5 CD4+ Th cells specific to MYO (5.2 ± 0.9 fold, p = 0.003) and VIM (7.3 ± 2.9-fold, p = 0.004) and decreased IL-10 CD4+ Th cells specific to MYO (2.2 ± 0.4-fold, p = 0.009) and VIM (1.7 ± 0.2-fold, p = 0.03). CAV patients were more likely DSA positive (CAV-): 25%; CAV+: 79%; p = 0.03) and demonstrated increased Abs to MYO (CAV-: 191 ± 120 μg/ml; CAV+: 550 ± 98 μg/ml; p = 0.025) and VIM (CAV-: 55 ± 25 μg/ml; CAV+: 255 ± 49 μg/ml; p = 0.001). CAV patients demonstrated increased IL-17 CD4+ Th cells specific to MYO (10.5 ± 7.3-fold, p = 0.002) and VIM (7.0 ± 3.9-fold, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The presence of DSA in AMR and CAV is significantly associated with development of Abs to MYO and VIM in post-HTx patients. Induction of high CD4+ Th cells specific to cardiac self-antigens that secrete predominantly IL-5 and IL-17 plays a significant role in the development of Abs to self-antigens leading to AMR and CAV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip S Nath
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Chronic humoral rejection of human kidney allografts associates with broad autoantibody responses. Transplantation 2010; 89:1239-46. [PMID: 20445487 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181d72091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic humoral rejection (CHR) is a major complication after kidney transplantation. The cause of CHR is currently unknown. Autoantibodies have often been reported in kidney transplant recipients alongside antidonor human leukocyte antigen antibodies. Yet, the lack of comprehensive studies has limited our understanding of this autoimmune component in the pathophysiology of CHR. METHODS By using a series of ELISA and immunocytochemistry assays, we assessed the development of autoantibodies in 25 kidney transplant recipients with CHR and 25 patients with stable graft function. We also compared the reactivity of five CHR and five non-CHR patient sera with 8027 recombinant human proteins using protein microarrays. RESULTS We observed that a majority of CHR patients, but not non-CHR control patients, had developed antibody responses to one or several autoantigens at the time of rejection. Protein microarray assays revealed a burst of autoimmunity at the time of CHR. Remarkably, microarray analysis showed minimal overlap between profiles, indicating that each CHR patient had developed autoantibodies to a unique set of antigenic targets. CONCLUSION The breadth of autoantibody responses, together with the absence of consensual targets, suggests that these antibody responses result from systemic B-cell deregulation.
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Nechushtan H, Kim S, Kay G, Razin E. Chapter 1 The Physiological Role of Lysyl tRNA Synthetase in the Immune System. Adv Immunol 2009; 103:1-27. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(09)03001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Barakat A, Müller KF, Sáenz-de-Miera LE. Molecular evolutionary analyses of the Arabidopsis L7 ribosomal protein gene family. Gene 2007; 403:143-50. [PMID: 17889453 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Revised: 07/21/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic ribosomal protein (r-protein) genes in Arabidopsis thaliana are encoded by 80 multigene families that contain between two and seven members. Gene family members are typically similar at the protein sequence level, with the most divergent members of any gene family retaining 94% identity, on average. However, three Arabidopsis r-protein families - S15a, L7 and P2 - contain highly divergent family members. Here, we investigated the organization, structure, expression and molecular evolution of the L7 r-protein family. Phylogenetic analyses showed that L7 r-protein gene family members constitute two distinct phylogenetic groups. The first group including RPL7B, RPL7C and RPL7D has homologs in plants, animals and fungi. The second group represented by RPL7A is found in plants but has no orthologs from other fully-sequenced eukaryotic genomes. These two groups may have derived from a duplication event prior to the divergence of animals and plants. All four L7 r-protein genes are expressed and all exhibit a differential expression in inflorescence and flowers. RPL7A and RPL7B are less expressed than the other genes in all tissues analyzed. Molecular characterization of nucleic and protein sequences of L7 r-protein genes and analysis of their codon usage did not indicate any functional divergence. The probable evolution of an extra-ribosomal function of group 2 genes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelali Barakat
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, 403 Life Sciences Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
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Mahesh B, Leong HS, McCormack A, Sarathchandra P, Holder A, Rose ML. Autoantibodies to vimentin cause accelerated rejection of cardiac allografts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2007; 170:1415-27. [PMID: 17392180 PMCID: PMC1829474 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune responses to vimentin occur after solid organ transplantation, but their pathogenic effects are unclear. The aim of these studies was to investigate the effects of vimentin preimmunization on allogeneic and isografted hearts in a murine transplant model. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with murine vimentin in complete Freund's adjuvant resulted in anti-vimentin antibodies and vimentin-reactive Th-1 cells. Transplantation of 129/sv hearts into vimentin-immunized C57BL/6 recipients resulted in accelerated rejection (8.4 +/- 1.5 days; n = 18), compared with hen egg lysozyme-immunized C57BL/6 (13.3 +/- 2.2 days; n = 10; P < 0.0001, log-rank test). In contrast, isografts continued to beat beyond 90 days. Immunohistochemical analysis of allografts from vimentin/complete Freund's adjuvant mice demonstrated increased numbers of T cells and enhanced microvascular deposition of C3d, CD41, and P-selectin compared with controls. Antibodies were necessary for accelerated rejection, shown by the fact that vimentin-immunized B-cell-deficient IgH6 mice did not show accelerated rejection of 129/sv allografts, but rejection was restored by adoptive transfer of serum containing anti-vimentin antibodies. Eluates from donor hearts placed in vimentin/complete Freund's adjuvant recipients contained anti-vimentin antibodies, shown by Western blotting. Confocal imaging of rejected hearts de-monstrated presence of vimentin and C3d on apoptosed leukocytes, endothelial cells, and platelet/leukocyte conjugates. These results demonstrate that autoantibodies to vimentin, in conjunction with the alloimmune response, have a pathogenic role in allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan Mahesh
- Imperial College, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UB9 6JH, UK
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Park SG, Kim HJ, Min YH, Choi EC, Shin YK, Park BJ, Lee SW, Kim S. Human lysyl-tRNA synthetase is secreted to trigger proinflammatory response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:6356-61. [PMID: 15851690 PMCID: PMC1088368 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0500226102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential for protein synthesis, they also function as regulators and signaling molecules in diverse biological processes. Here, we screened 11 different human ARSs to identify the enzyme that is secreted as a signaling molecule. Among them, we found that lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) was secreted from intact human cells, and its secretion was induced by TNF-alpha. The secreted KRS bound to macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to enhance the TNF-alpha production and their migration. The mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Galphai were determined to be involved in the signal transduction triggered by KRS. All of these activities demonstrate that human KRS may work as a previously uncharacterized signaling molecule, inducing immune response through the activation of monocyte/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gyu Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for ARS Network, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Abstract
Allotransplantation into immunosuppressed individuals results in long-term survival of grafts. However, the grafts are damaged, probably at many stages before, during and after implantation. The hypothesis to be presented is that release of antigens and autoantigens from the chronically damaged graft results in breaking tolerance to self-antigens and an autoimmune response. There is experimental evidence that autoimmune responses following allotransplantation are damaging and cause accelerated graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene L Rose
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, UK.
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Rose ML. De novo production of antibodies after heart or lung transplantation should be regarded as an early warning system. J Heart Lung Transplant 2004; 23:385-95. [PMID: 15063397 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2003.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2003] [Revised: 07/28/2003] [Accepted: 08/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marlene L Rose
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Heart Science Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust Hospitals, Harefield, Middlesex, UK.
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Bates RL, Frampton G, Rose ML, Murphy JJ. High diversity of non-human leukocyte antigens in transplant-associated coronary artery disease. Transplantation 2003; 75:1347-50. [PMID: 12717228 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000061790.08550.ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibodies to endothelial derived non-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) have been associated with transplant (Tx)-associated coronary artery disease (CAD) after cardiac transplantation; however, few have been identified. The aim of this study was to screen a human coronary artery endothelial cell cDNA library with patient sera to establish the diversity and nature of the target antigens. METHODS A human coronary artery endothelial cell cDNA library was screened with sera from seven long-term cardiac transplant patients with angiographically diagnosed TxCAD and sera from five healthy volunteers. RESULTS Of the seven patients' sera, five showed reactivity, as did sera from two of the five normal subjects. Eighteen positive cDNA clones were isolated by TxCAD sera; DNA sequence analysis and DNA database searching identified all but one clone; 16 were nuclear or cytoplasmic proteins and 1 of them was the cell surface protein neuropilin 2. Five clones were targeted by normal sera. A different spectrum of reactive clones was identified by the sera of each patient where reactive clones were evident. CONCLUSIONS A high diversity of non-HLA antigens, probably autoantigens, are involved in the pathogenesis of TxCAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth L Bates
- Division of Life Sciences, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
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