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Bouallègue M, Filée J, Kharrat I, Mezghani-Khemakhem M, Rouault JD, Makni M, Capy P. Diversity and evolution of mariner-like elements in aphid genomes. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:494. [PMID: 28662628 PMCID: PMC5490172 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although transposons have been identified in almost all organisms, genome-wide information on mariner elements in Aphididae remains unknown. Genomes of Acyrthosiphon pisum, Diuraphis noxia and Myzus persicae belonging to the Macrosiphini tribe, actually available in databases, have been investigated. Results A total of 22 lineages were identified. Classification and phylogenetic analysis indicated that they were subdivided into three monophyletic groups, each of them containing at least one putative complete sequence, and several non-autonomous sublineages corresponding to Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (MITE), probably generated by internal deletions. A high proportion of truncated and dead copies was also detected. The three clusters can be defined from their catalytic site: (i) mariner DD34D, including three subgroups of the irritans subfamily (Macrosiphinimar, Batmar-like elements and Dnomar-like elements); (ii) rosa DD41D, found in A. pisum and D. noxia; (iii) a new clade which differs from rosa through long TIRs and thus designated LTIR-like elements. Based on its catalytic domain, this new clade is subdivided into DD40D and DD41D subgroups. Compared to other Tc1/mariner superfamily sequences, rosa DD41D and LTIR DD40-41D seem more related to maT DD37D family. Conclusion Overall, our results reveal three clades belonging to the irritans subfamily, rosa and new LTIR-like elements. Data on structure and specific distribution of these transposable elements in the Macrosiphini tribe contribute to the understanding of their evolutionary history and to that of their hosts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3856-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryem Bouallègue
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Ecologie CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.,Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR11ES10 Génomique des Insectes Ravageurs de Cultures, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1002, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jonathan Filée
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Ecologie CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Imen Kharrat
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR11ES10 Génomique des Insectes Ravageurs de Cultures, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1002, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Maha Mezghani-Khemakhem
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR11ES10 Génomique des Insectes Ravageurs de Cultures, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1002, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jacques-Deric Rouault
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Ecologie CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Makni
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR11ES10 Génomique des Insectes Ravageurs de Cultures, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1002, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Pierre Capy
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Ecologie CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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Seo M, Ryou HJ, Yun EY, Goo TW. Molecular Characterization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductin 1 from Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26520-9. [PMID: 26556347 PMCID: PMC4661836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We isolated a complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1 (bERO1, a specific oxidant of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)) from Bombyx mori. This protein has a putative open reading frame (ORF) of 489 amino acids and a predicted size of 57.4 kDa. Although bERO1 protein shares less than 57% amino acid sequence homology with other reported ERO1s, it contains two conserved redox active motifs, a Cys-X-X-X-X-Cys motif of N-terminal and Cys-X-X-Cys-X-X-Cys motif of C-terminal. Both motifs are typically present in ERO1 protein family members. The bEro1 mRNA expression was highest in posterior silk gland on the sixth day of the 5th instar larvae. Expression of bEro1 mRNA also markedly increased during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by stimulation with antimycin, calcium ionophore A23187, dithiothreitol, H2O2, monencin, and tunicamycin. In addition, expression levels of bEro1 exactly coincided with that of bPdi. This is the first result suggesting that bERO1 plays an essential role in ER quality control through the combined activities of bERO1 and bPDI as a catalyst of protein folding in the ER and sustaining cellular redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchul Seo
- Institute of Medical Research, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38067, Korea.
| | - Hee-Joo Ryou
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea.
| | - Eun-Young Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea.
| | - Tae-Won Goo
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38067, Korea.
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Bouchet N, Jaillet J, Gabant G, Brillet B, Briseño-Roa L, Cadene M, Augé-Gouillou C. cAMP protein kinase phosphorylates the Mos1 transposase and regulates its activity: evidences from mass spectrometry and biochemical analyses. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:1117-28. [PMID: 24081583 PMCID: PMC3902898 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic plasticity mediated by transposable elements can have a dramatic impact on genome integrity. To minimize its genotoxic effects, it is tightly regulated either by intrinsic mechanisms (linked to the element itself) or by host-mediated mechanisms. Using mass spectrometry, we show here for the first time that MOS1, the transposase driving the mobility of the mariner Mos1 element, is phosphorylated. We also show that the transposition activity of MOS1 is downregulated by protein kinase AMP cyclic-dependent phosphorylation at S170, which renders the transposase unable to promote Mos1 transposition. One step in the transposition cycle, the assembly of the paired-end complex, is specifically inhibited. At the cellular level, we provide evidence that phosphorylation at S170 prevents the active transport of the transposase into the nucleus. Our data suggest that protein kinase AMP cyclic-dependent phosphorylation may play a double role in the early stages of genome invasion by mariner elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bouchet
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Jaillet
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Gabant
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Brillet
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luis Briseño-Roa
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Martine Cadene
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Augé-Gouillou
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Parc Grandmont, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IUT de Quimper, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 rue de l’Université, 29000 Quimper, France and Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U789, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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Pflieger A, Jaillet J, Petit A, Augé-Gouillou C, Renault S. Target capture during Mos1 transposition. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:100-11. [PMID: 24269942 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.523894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA transposition contributes to genomic plasticity. Target capture is a key step in the transposition process, because it contributes to the selection of new insertion sites. Nothing or little is known about how eukaryotic mariner DNA transposons trigger this step. In the case of Mos1, biochemistry and crystallography have deciphered several inverted terminal repeat-transposase complexes that are intermediates during transposition. However, the target capture complex is still unknown. Here, we show that the preintegration complex (i.e., the excised transposon) is the only complex able to capture a target DNA. Mos1 transposase does not support target commitment, which has been proposed to explain Mos1 random genomic integrations within host genomes. We demonstrate that the TA dinucleotide used as the target is crucial both to target recognition and in the chemistry of the strand transfer reaction. Bent DNA molecules are better targets for the capture when the target DNA is nicked two nucleotides apart from the TA. They improve strand transfer when the target DNA contains a mismatch near the TA dinucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Pflieger
- From the EA 6306 Innovation Moléculaire et Thérapeutique, Université François Rabelais, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, UFR de Pharmacie, 37200 Tours, France
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Jaillet J, Genty M, Cambefort J, Rouault JD, Augé-Gouillou C. Regulation of mariner transposition: the peculiar case of Mos1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43365. [PMID: 22905263 PMCID: PMC3419177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mariner elements represent the most successful family of autonomous DNA transposons, being present in various plant and animal genomes, including humans. The introduction and co-evolution of mariners within host genomes imply a strict regulation of the transposon activity. Biochemical data accumulated during the past decade have led to a convergent picture of the transposition cycle of mariner elements, suggesting that mariner transposition does not rely on host-specific factors. This model does not account for differences of transposition efficiency in human cells between mariners. We thus wondered whether apparent similarities in transposition cycle could hide differences in the intrinsic parameters that control mariner transposition. Principal Findings We find that Mos1 transposase concentrations in excess to the Mos1 ends prevent the paired-end complex assembly. However, we observe that Mos1 transposition is not impaired by transposase high concentration, dismissing the idea that transposase over production plays an obligatory role in the down-regulation of mariner transposition. Our main finding is that the paired-end complex is formed in a cooperative way, regardless of the transposase concentration. We also show that an element framed by two identical ITRs (Inverted Terminal Repeats) is more efficient in driving transposition than an element framed by two different ITRs (i.e. the natural Mos1 copy), the latter being more sensitive to transposase concentration variations. Finally, we show that the current Mos1 ITRs correspond to the ancestral ones. Conclusions We provide new insights on intrinsic properties supporting the self-regulation of the Mos1 element. These properties (transposase specific activity, aggregation, ITR sequences, transposase concentration/transposon copy number ratio…) could have played a role in the dynamics of host-genomes invasion by Mos1, accounting (at least in part) for the current low copy number of Mos1 within host genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Jaillet
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306 – Université François Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Murielle Genty
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306 – Université François Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Jeanne Cambefort
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306 – Université François Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Jacques-Deric Rouault
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation – CNRS UPR9034, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France
| | - Corinne Augé-Gouillou
- Innovation Moléculaire Thérapeutique, EA 6306 – Université François Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
- * E-mail:
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Mirhoseini SZ, Rabiei B, Potki P, Dalirsefat SB. Amplified fragment length polymorphism mapping of quantitative trait loci for economically important traits in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2010; 10:153. [PMID: 21070171 PMCID: PMC3016937 DOI: 10.1673/031.010.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cocoon related characteristics are economically important traits in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). In this study a genetic linkage map was developed that identified QTL controlling the cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon shell percentage using 161 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Twenty PstI/TaqI primer combinations were employed to genotype 78 F(2) progenies derived from a cross between P107 Japanese inbred line and Khorasan Lemon Iranian native strain. Among polymorphic markers, 159 AFLP markers were assigned to 24 linkage groups at the LOD threshold of 2.5 that varied in length from 4 to 299 cM. The total length of the linkage map was 2747 cM, giving an average marker resolution of 19.31 cM. A total of 21 AFLP markers were identified that were distributed over the ten linkage groups linked to the three studied traits using the composite interval mapping method. The explained variation rate by QTL controlling cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon shell percentage ranged from 0.02% to 64.85%, 0.2% to 49.11%, and 0.04% to 84.20%, respectively. These QTL controlled by different actions as well as under dominance, additive, partial dominance, dominance, and over dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Z Mirhoseini
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, PO Box 41635-13 14, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Babak Rabiei
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, PO Box 41635-1314, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Payam Potki
- Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (Rasht), PO Box 41635-41 15, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Seyed B Dalirsefat
- Department of Sericulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, PO Box 41635-13 14, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
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Lampe DJ. Bacterial genetic methods to explore the biology of mariner transposons. Genetica 2009; 138:499-508. [PMID: 19711186 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-009-9401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mariners are small DNA mediated transposons of eukaryotes that fortuitously function in bacteria. Using bacterial genetics, it is possible to study a variety of properties of mariners, including transpositional ability, dominant-negative regulation, overexpresson inhibition, and the function of cis-acting sequences like the inverted terminal repeats. In conjunction with biochemical techniques, the structure of the transposase can be elucidated and the activity of the elements can be improved for genetic tool use. Finally, it is possible to uncover functional transposase genes directly from genomes given a suitable bacterial genetic screen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lampe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15116, USA.
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8
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Ravin VK, Sukchev MB, Zelentsova ES, Shostak NG, Evgen’ev MB. Structural and functional analysis of a new retrotransposon class in Drosophila species. Mol Biol 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893309020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sinzelle L, Jégot G, Brillet B, Rouleux-Bonnin F, Bigot Y, Augé-Gouillou C. Factors acting on Mos1 transposition efficiency. BMC Mol Biol 2008; 9:106. [PMID: 19036139 PMCID: PMC2642840 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-9-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are widespread DNA transposons in animal genomes. Although in vitro transposition reactions require only the transposase, various factors depending on the host, the physico-chemical environment and the transposon sequence can interfere with the MLEs transposition in vivo. Results The transposition of Mos1, first isolated from drosophila mauritiana, depends of both the nucleic acid sequence of the DNA stuffer (in terms of GC content), and its length. We provide the first in vitro experimental demonstration that MITEs of MLE origin, as small as 80 to 120-bp, are able to transpose. Excessive temperature down-regulates Mos1 transposition, yielding excision products unable to re-integrate. Finally, the super-helicity of the DNA transposon donor has a dramatic impact on the transposition efficiency. Conclusion The study highlights how experimental conditions can bias interpretation of mariner excision frequency and quality. In vitro, the auto-integration pathway markedly limits transposition efficiency to new target sites, and this phenomenon may also limit events in the natural host. We propose a model for small transposons transposition that bypasses DNA bending constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Sinzelle
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, GICC, UFR des Sciences & Techniques, Parc Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.
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Reumer A, Van Loy T, Clynen E, Schoofs L. How functional genomics and genetics complements insect endocrinology. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 155:22-30. [PMID: 17686480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Insects are the most abundant animal group on Earth and have been the subject of genetic and physiological studies since the beginning of the 19th century. The public interest in understanding their biology increased as many insects have proven to exert a severe impact on human welfare and the environment. To trigger insect physiological and endocrinological research, the genome of several economical and ecological important insect species was recently sequenced. Following the availability of these genomic data many so called 'post-genomic' technologies have been developed to characterise gene function and to unravel signalling pathways underlying biological processes. For some species genomic research is further complemented with mutagenesis and reverse genetic studies. In the following, we present an overview of genomic and functional genetic methodologies that boosted endocrine research in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ank Reumer
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Research Group Functional Genomics and Proteomics, K.U.Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Douris V, Swevers L, Labropoulou V, Andronopoulou E, Georgoussi Z, Iatrou K. Stably Transformed Insect Cell Lines: Tools for Expression of Secreted and Membrane‐anchored Proteins and High‐throughput Screening Platforms for Drug and Insecticide Discovery. Adv Virus Res 2006; 68:113-56. [PMID: 16997011 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3527(06)68004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Insect cell-based expression systems are prominent amongst current expression platforms for their ability to express virtually all types of heterologous recombinant proteins. Stably transformed insect cell lines represent an attractive alternative to the baculovirus expression system, particularly for the production of secreted and membrane-anchored proteins. For this reason, transformed insect cell systems are receiving increased attention from the research community and the biotechnology industry. In this article, we review recent developments in the field of insect cell-based expression from two main perspectives, the production of secreted and membrane-anchored proteins and the establishment of novel methodological tools for the identification of bioactive compounds that can be used as research reagents and leads for new pharmaceuticals and insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Douris
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biology National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, GR 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis (Athens), Greece
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Goldsmith MR, Shimada T, Abe H. The genetics and genomics of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2005; 50:71-100. [PMID: 15355234 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We review progress in applying molecular genetic and genomic technologies to studies in the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, highlighting its use as a model for Lepidoptera, and in sericulture and biotechnology. Dense molecular linkage maps are being integrated with classical linkage maps for positional cloning and marker-assisted selection. Classical mutations have been identified by a candidate gene approach. Cytogenetic and sequence analyses show that the W chromosome is composed largely of nested full-length long terminal repeat retrotransposons. Z-chromosome-linked sequences show a lack of dosage compensation. The downstream sex differentiation mechanism has been studied via the silkworm homolog of doublesex. Expressed sequence tagged databases have been used to discover Lepidoptera-specific genes, provide evidence for horizontal gene transfer, and construct microarrays. Physical maps using large-fragment bacterial artificial chromosome libraries have been constructed, and whole-genome shotgun sequencing is underway. Germline transformation and transient expression systems are well established and available for functional studies, high-level protein expression, and gene silencing via RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian R Goldsmith
- Biological Sciences Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA.
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Raphael KA, Whyard S, Shearman D, An X, Frommer M. Bactrocera tryoni and closely related pest tephritids--molecular analysis and prospects for transgenic control strategies. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2004; 34:167-176. [PMID: 14871613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2003.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2002] [Revised: 04/01/2003] [Accepted: 06/20/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera tryoni is a serious pest of horticulture in eastern Australia. Here we review molecular data relevant to pest status and development of a transformation system for this species. The development of transformation vectors for non-drosophilid insects has opened the door to the possibility of improving the sterile insect technique (SIT), by genetically engineering factory strains of pest insects to produce male-only broods. Transposition assays indicate that all five of the vectors currently used for transformation in non-drosophilid species have the potential to be useful as transformation vectors in B. tryoni. Evidence of cross mobilization of hobo by an endogenous Homer element emphasises the necessity to understand the endogenous transposons within a species. The sex-specific doublesex and yolk protein genes have been characterized with a view to engineering a female-specific lethal gene or modifying gene expression through RNA interference (RNAi). Data are presented which indicate the potential of RNAi to modify the sex ratio of resultant broods. An understanding of how pest status is determined and maintained is being addressed through the characterization of genes of the circadian clock that enable the fly to adapt to environmental cues. Such an understanding will be useful in the future to the effective delivery of sophisticated pest control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Raphael
- Fruit Fly Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Prasad MD, Nagaraju J. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of full-length mariner elements isolated from the Indian tasar silkmoth, Antheraea mylitta (Lepidoptera: saturniidae). J Biosci 2003; 28:443-53. [PMID: 12799491 DOI: 10.1007/bf02705119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mariner like elements (MLEs) are widely distributed type II transposons with an open reading frame (ORF) for transposase. We studied comparative phylogenetic evolution and inverted terminal repeat (ITR) conservation of MLEs from Indian saturniid silkmoth, Antheraea mylitta with other full length MLEs submitted in the database. Full length elements from A. mylitta were inactive with multiple mutations. Many conserved amino acid blocks were identified after aligning transposase sequences. Mariner signature sequence, DD(34)D was almost inva ri able although a few new class of elements had different signatures. A. mylitta MLEs (Anmmar) get phylogene ti cally classified under cecropia subfamily and cluster closely with the elements from other Bombycoidea superfamily members implying vertical transmission from a common ancestor. ITR analysis showed a conserved sequence of AGGT(2-8N)ATAAGT for forward repeat and AGGT(2-8N)ATGAAAT for reverse repeat. These results and additional work may help us to understand the dynamics of MLE distribution in A. mylitta and construction of appropriate vectors for mariner mediated transgenics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dharma Prasad
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), ECIL Road, Nacharam, Hyderabad 500 076, India
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15
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Atkinson PW, James AA. Germline transformants spreading out to many insect species. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2002; 47:49-86. [PMID: 12000097 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(02)47002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The past 5 years have witnessed significant advances in our ability to introduce genes into the genomes of insects of medical and agricultural importance. A number of transposable elements now exist that are proving to be sufficiently robust to allow genetic transformation of species within three orders of insects. In particular all of these transposable elements can be used genetically to transform mosquitoes. These developments, together with the use of suitable genes as genetic markers, have enabled several genes and promoters to be transferred between insect species and their effects on the phenotype of the transgenic insect determined. Within a very short period of time, insights into the function of insect promoters in homologous and heterologous insect species are being gained. Furthermore, strategies aimed at ameliorating the harmful effects of pest insects, such as their ability to vector human pathogens, are now being tested in the pest insects themselves. We review the progress that has been made in the development of transgenic technology in pest insect species and conclude that the repertoire of transposable element-based genetic tools, long available to Drosophila geneticists, can now be applied to other insect species. In addition, it is likely that these developments will lead to the generation of pest insects that display a significantly reduced ability to transmit pathogens in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Atkinson
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA
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Atkinson PW. Genetic engineering in insects of agricultural importance. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2002; 32:1237-1242. [PMID: 12225914 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The past five years have witnessed the extension of genetic transformation techniques into 11 insect species covering four orders within the Insecta. While the robustness of these transformation systems can be improved, there is now a highly likely probability that transformation of a given insect species will ensue, provided transposable element-containing plasmid DNA can be effectively delivered to the embryo or some other life stage. These developments have shifted emphasis to concerns of transgene stability and the regulation of the rearing and release of these transgenic insects. They have also led to some elegant demonstrations of genetic sexing mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster with the expectation that similar systems be extended into pest insect species. These developments and issues are discussed in this short review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Atkinson
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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17
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Abstract
In the last few years, cases of transformation involving insects other than Dipterans have been reported. Although transgenics have been created only in a few species, transposable element vectors may be successfully developed in most insect forms in the near future. The major remaining problems revolving round transformation in wide-ranging species of insects are mainly related to methods of DNA delivery. Transposable element-mediated gene transfer in non-Drosophila insects is reviewed. In addition, the current status of honeybee transformation will be explained as an example of an insect transgenic system that faces substantial obstacles to the creation of germ-line transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kimura
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki, Japan.
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18
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Lozovsky ER, Nurminsky D, Wimmer EA, Hartl DL. Unexpected stability of mariner transgenes in Drosophila. Genetics 2002; 160:527-35. [PMID: 11861559 PMCID: PMC1461967 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/160.2.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of mariner transformation vectors based on the mauritiana subfamily of transposable elements were introduced into the genome of Drosophila melanogaster and examined for their ability to be mobilized by the mariner transposase. Simple insertion vectors were constructed from single mariner elements into which exogenous DNA ranging in size from 1.3 to 4.5 kb had been inserted; composite vectors were constructed with partial or complete duplications of mariner flanking the exogenous DNA. All of the simple insertion vectors showed levels of somatic and germline excision that were at least 100-fold lower than the baseline level of uninterrupted mariner elements. Although composite vectors with inverted duplications were unable to be mobilized at detectable frequencies, vectors with large direct duplications of mariner could be mobilized. A vector consisting of two virtually complete elements flanking exogenous DNA yielded a frequency of somatic eye-color mosaicism of approximately 10% and a frequency of germline excision of 0.04%. These values are far smaller than those observed for uninterrupted elements. The results imply that efficient mobilization of mariner in vivo requires the presence and proper spacing of sequences internal to the element as well as the inverted repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R Lozovsky
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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19
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Goo TW, Yun EY, Hwang JS, Kang SW, Park S, You KH, Kwon OY. Molecular characterization of a Bombyx mori protein disulfide isomerase (bPDI). Cell Stress Chaperones 2002; 7:118-25. [PMID: 11892983 PMCID: PMC514797 DOI: 10.1379/1466-1268(2002)007<0118:mcoabm>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have isolated a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid clone that encodes the protein disulfide isomerase of Bombyx mori (bPDI). This protein has a putative open reading frame of 494 amino acids and a predicted size of 55.6 kDa. In addition, 2 thioredoxin active sites, each with a CGHC sequence, and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal site with a KDEL motif were found at the C-terminal. Both sites are typically found in members of the PDI family of proteins. The expression of bPDI messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was markedly increased during ER stress induced by stimulation with calcium ionophore A23187, tunicamycin, and dithiothreitol, all of which are known to cause an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. We also examined the tissue distribution of bPDI mRNA and found pronounced expression in the fat body of insects. Hormonal regulation studies showed that juvenile hormone, insulin, and a combination of juvenile hormone and transferrin (although not transferrin alone) affected bPDI mRNA expression. A challenge with exogenous bacteria also affected expression, and the effect peaked 16 hours after infection. These results suggest that bPDI is a member of the ER-stress protein group, that it may play an important role in exogenous bacterial infection of the fat body, and that its expression is hormone regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Won Goo
- Department of Sericulture and Entomology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, Korea
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20
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Tan YD, Wan C, Zhu Y, Lu C, Xiang Z, Deng HW. An amplified fragment length polymorphism map of the silkworm. Genetics 2001; 157:1277-84. [PMID: 11238411 PMCID: PMC1461547 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/157.3.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) is a lepidopteran insect with a long history of significant agricultural value. We have constructed the first amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genetic linkage map of the silkworm B. mori at a LOD score of 2.5. The mapping AFLP markers were genotyped in 47 progeny from a backcross population of the cross no. 782 x od100. A total of 1248 (60.7%) polymorphic AFLP markers were detected with 35 PstI/TaqI primer combinations. Each of the primer combinations generated an average of 35.7 polymorphic AFLP markers. A total of 545 (44%) polymorphic markers are consistent with the expected segregation ratio of 1:1 at the significance level of P = 0.05. Of the 545 polymorphic markers, 356 were assigned to 30 linkage groups. The number of markers on linkage groups ranged from 4 to 36. There were 21 major linkage groups with 7-36 markers and 9 relatively small linkage groups with 4-6 markers. The 30 linkage groups varied in length from 37.4 to 691.0 cM. The total length of this AFLP linkage map was 6512 cM. Genetic distances between two neighboring markers on the same linkage group ranged from 0.2 to 47 cM with an average of 18.2 cM. The sex-linked gene od was located between the markers P1T3B40 and P3T3B27 at the end of group 3, indicating that AFLP linkage group 3 was the Z (sex) chromosome. This work provides an essential basic map for constructing a denser linkage map and for mapping genes underlying agronomically important traits in the silkworm B. mori L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hartl
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Atkinson PW, Pinkerton AC, O'Brochta DA. Genetic transformation systems in insects. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2001; 46:317-346. [PMID: 11112172 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.46.1.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The past 5 years have witnessed the emergence of techniques that permit the stable genetic transformation of a number of non-drosophilid insect species. These transposable-element-based strategies, together with virus-based techniques that allow the expression of genes to be quickly examined in insects, provide insect scientists with a first generation of genetic tools that can begin to be harnessed to further increase our understanding of gene function and regulation in insects. We review and compare the characteristics of these gene transfer systems and conclude that, although significant progress has been made, these systems still do not meet the requirements of robust genetic tools. We also review risk assessment issues arising from the generation and probable release of genetically engineered insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Atkinson
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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