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Gobbo LB, de Araújo LP, Vieira WDA, de-Jesus-Soares A, de Almeida JFA, Ferraz CCR. Impact of passive ultrasonic irrigation on the outcome of non-surgical root canal treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Evid Based Dent 2024:10.1038/s41432-024-01033-3. [PMID: 38951661 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on the periapical healing rate of primary root canal treatment compared to conventional syringe irrigation. METHODS Registered a priori in the PROSPERO database, this review was conducted by two independent reviewers who performed an electronic search up to December 2023. The search included databases such as MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library, as well as grey literature. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that focused on patients undergoing primary root canal treatments. The study compared intervention groups using PUI with control groups that did not use activation techniques. Periapical healing was assessed over follow-up periods of at least six months, utilizing either periapical radiographs or cone-beam computed tomography. To synthesize the findings, a meta-analysis and trial sequence analysis were conducted, employing the Relative Risk as the measure of effect, with a 95% confidence interval. The GRADE approach was utilized to assess the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS The meta-analysis incorporated three RCTs, involving 474 patients (501 teeth). The analysis revealed that PUI led to a higher rate of periapical healing compared to CSI (Relative Risk: 1.10; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.01-1.21, I² = 0%), with moderate certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limited number of high-quality RCTs, the findings showed a positive impact of PUI on periapical healing rates in primary root canal treatments, in comparison to CSI. REGISTER CRD42021290894.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Bueno Gobbo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Walbert de Andrade Vieira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana de-Jesus-Soares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - José Flávio Affonso de Almeida
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Cezar Randi Ferraz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Afkhami F, Rostami G, Xu C, Peters OA. The application of lasers in vital pulp therapy: clinical and radiographic outcomes. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:333. [PMID: 38486157 PMCID: PMC10938664 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of vital pulp therapy (VPT) is to preserve the integrity and function of the pulp. A wide variety of materials and techniques have been proposed to improve treatment outcomes, and among them, the utilization of lasers has gained significant attention. The application of lasers in different stages of VPT has witnessed remarkable growth in recent years, surpassing previous approaches.This study aimed to review the applications of lasers in different steps of VPT and evaluate associated clinical and radiographic outcomes. An electronic search using Scopus, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2023 was carried out by two independent researchers. The focus was on human studies that examined the clinical and/or radiographic effects of different laser types in VPT. A total of 4243 studies were included in this narrative review article. Based on the compiled data, it can be concluded that although current literature suggests laser may be proposed as an adjunct modality for some procedural steps in VPT, more research with standardized methodologies and criteria is needed to obtain more reliable and conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Afkhami
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | | | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ove A Peters
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Sippus JH, Stape THS, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Evaluation of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers on intraradicular bonding using modified glass fiber tips. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:766-773. [PMID: 37730380 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether erbium laser irradiation emitted by modified glass-fiber tips would improve the intraradicular bonding of fiber posts. Forty human canines were endodontically treated and prepared for fiber-post placement. Roots were divided into five groups (n=8); according to the laser-tip combinations (2,940 nm Er:YAG and 2,780 nm Er,Cr:YSGG). Non-irradiated root canals served as control. Posts were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement and subjected to push-out test. Failure modes were characterized, and intraradicular bonded interfaces were analyzed by SEM and submitted to nanoleakage evaluation. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). No significant differences were observed in cervical and middle sections (p>0.05), while significantly higher bond strengths were observed in apical sections (p<0.05). Laser irradiation reduced adhesive failures, cement-dentin gap formation, and nanoleakage apically. Laser-irradiation protocols employing end- or radial-firing tips improved bonding to apical intraradicular dentin contributing to more uniform bonded interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Hannele Sippus
- Finnish Doctoral Program in Oral Sciences (FINDOS), University of Turku, Institute of Dentistry
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
- Turku University Hospital, TYKS, University of Turku
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Talreja T, Tandale A, Kunkulol R, Maniyar V, Krishnakumar K, Dube R, Kokate P. Comparative evaluation of penetration of sealers in dentinal tubules using passive ultrasonic irrigation and Erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser - A confocal laser scanning microscope study. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2023; 26:634-638. [PMID: 38292741 PMCID: PMC10823976 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_105_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Context Smear layer clearance and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules play a crucial role in root canal treatment. Hence, efficient irrigation is a crucial component of the root canal debridement. This in vitro study's objective was to assess the effectiveness of passive ultrasonic activation and Erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser-activated irrigation on irrigation solution penetration and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal tubule penetration of epoxy resin-based sealer and bioceramic sealer after ultrasonic agitation and Er: YAG laser activation of the irrigant. Settings and Design This was an in vitro study. Materials and Methods Extracted tooth samples (n = 42) into 06 groups (Group A-F) with 7 samples in each group. Postobturation transverse section was made and assessed under a confocal laser scanning microscope for the total dentinal tubule penetration area and recorded as the mean apical, middle, and coronal penetration. Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance test, followed by post hoc was used. Results The intergroup comparison showed that Group E and Group F have significantly more penetration as compared to the controls and ultrasonic irrigation, P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively. Conclusions Er: YAG laser with AH plus sealer has the highest penetration in all the sections of tooth, followed by CeraSeal sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twinkle Talreja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Tandale
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Kunkulol
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Director Research, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (DU), Loni, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Karishma Krishnakumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ridhi Dube
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prajakta Kokate
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Abbara MT, Akil S, Hamadah O, Achour H, Mahayni G, Tolibah YA. The effect of the irrigant activation protocol on postoperative pain in maxillary incisors with asymptomatic apical periodontitis: A three-arm randomized clinical trial. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:868-878. [PMID: 37786913 PMCID: PMC10582227 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the effects of three irrigation activation systems (IAS) on postoperative pain (PP) in activating three final irrigants: sodium hypochlorite 5.25%, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 17%, and chlorhexidine 2%. MATERIALS AND METHODS This parallel randomized clinical trial included referred patients with asymptomatic large-sized apical lesion incisors. A standard method was followed in the canal cleaning and shaping for all included patients in the study. Then, the patients were randomly assigned (1:1 allocation) into three groups: G1 (n = 20) with passive ultrasonic irrigation activation; G2 (n = 20) with XP-Endo Finisher file activation; and G3 (n = 20) with diode laser (810 nm) activation. PP was estimated in all groups using a visual analog scale after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of treatment. Comparisons between the groups were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test, whereas the Mann-Whitney U test was used in the pairwise comparisons. RESULTS Sixty patients were followed-up in this trial. There were significant differences between the groups in terms of PP After 1, 3, and 7 days of treatment (p = 0.002, p = 0.017, and p = 0.006, respectively). On the first day of treatment, G3 showed the lowest PP compared with G1 and G2 (p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively). On the third day of treatment, G3 showed less PP compared with G2 (p = 0.005). On the seventh day of treatment, G2 showed the highest PP compared with G1 and G3 (p = 0.012 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The XP-Endo Finisher file caused the highest PP level especially in the next day and 3 days of the treatment, whereas the diode laser had the lowest PP level during the first week of treatment. It is noteworthy that PP disappeared completely after 2 weeks of treatment with all three IASs. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the ISRCTN registry (Trial ID: SRCTN99457940).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samar Akil
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of DentistryDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Omer Hamadah
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of DentistryDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Hassan Achour
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of DentistryDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Ghina Mahayni
- Faculty of DentistryAl‐Sham Private UniversityDamascusSyria
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Mankar N, Burde K, Agrawal P, Chandak M, Ikhar A, Patel A. Application of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Endodontics: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e48010. [PMID: 38046501 PMCID: PMC10689117 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) stands out in the realm of dentistry for its unique attributes that set it apart from traditional therapeutic approaches. This non-invasive and painless modality harnesses the power of low-intensity lasers, offering a distinct advantage in terms of safety and patient comfort. Unlike many conventional methods, LLLT does not rely on pharmaceutical interventions or invasive procedures, making it a gentle yet effective option for various dental applications. Its non-thermal, photobiomodulatory effects on cellular and tissue functions mark a notable departure from the more aggressive treatment modalities commonly associated with dentistry. This article provides an extensive exploration of LLLT's applications in dentistry, focusing on its mechanisms of action and biological effects, and emphasizes the uniqueness of LLLT as a transformative tool in modern dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Mankar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Karuna Burde
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saraswati Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, IND
| | - Paridhi Agrawal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Manoj Chandak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Anuja Ikhar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Aditya Patel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
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Yang D, Solidum JGN, Park D. Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Current in vivo Approaches to Study Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Pulp Injury and Regeneration. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:231-244. [PMID: 37718901 PMCID: PMC10509030 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered significant interest in dental research for their unique characteristics and potential in tooth development and regeneration. While there were many studies to define their stem cell-like characteristics and osteogenic differentiation functions that are considered ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental pulp tissue, how endogenous DPSCs respond to dental pulp injury and supply new dentin-forming cells has not been extensively investigated in vivo. Here, we review the recent progress in identity, function, and regulation of endogenous DPSCs and their clinical potential for pulp injury and regeneration. In addition, we discuss current advances in new mouse models, imaging techniques, and its practical uses and limitations in the analysis of DPSCs in pulp injury and regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Yang
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
| | - Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila,
Philippines
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
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8
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Marković L, Ivanišević A, Matijević J, Chan RSM, Tsoi JKH, Šnjarić D, Gjorgievska E. Micro-CT analysis and leakage of bioceramic retrofillings after ultrasonic and Er:YAG laser cavity preparations: an in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:145. [PMID: 37347307 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of preparation techniques on marginal adaptation and sealing of Biodentine™ and TotalFill® RRM bioceramic retrograde fillings. Fifty-two single-root teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were used. Root canals were instrumented using Reciproc Blue #25 and obturated using a single cone technique with an AH Plus® root canal sealer. Retrograde cavities were prepared with Piezomed device (Piezo), Er:YAG laser in short-pulse(SP) and quantum square pulse(QSP) modes and filled with Biodentine™ (BD) or TotalFill® RRM (TF). There were 6 groups (n=8): (1) Piezo BD, (2) Piezo TF, (3) SP BD, (4) SP TF, (5) QSP BD, and (6) QSP TF, and positive and negative controls (n=2). Micro-CT analysis was performed on two samples from each group. Percentage volumes of internal and external voids in apical 1.5 mm were determined. Rhodamine B dye leakage was done on six samples. The samples were cut longitudinally and examined under a stereomicroscope. Digital recordings were analyzed in ImageJ software. The deepest penetration of color in mm was recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test at the level of significance α=0.05. TotalFill® RRM performed significantly better than Biodentine™ in terms of sealing (p<0.05) and marginal adaptation, as evaluated by micro-CT. Sealing was significantly better in SP compared to QSP mode preparations (p<0.05). Differences between Piezomed and laser modes were not significantly different (p>0.05). Sealing was statistically significantly better with TotalFill® RRM compared to Biodentine™ and in Er:YAG SP preparations compared to Er:YAG QSP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Ivanišević
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jurica Matijević
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rosalind Sin Man Chan
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - James Kit Hon Tsoi
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Damir Šnjarić
- Department for Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Elizabeta Gjorgievska
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University "Ss Cyril and Methodius" Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Saran R, Ginjupalli K, George SD, Chidangil S, V K U. LASER as a tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17457. [PMID: 37408894 PMCID: PMC10319194 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of lasers for modifying the surface topography of dental biomaterials has received increased attention. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the current status on the utilization of lasers as a potential tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials such as implants, ceramics, and other materials used for restorative purposes. A literature search was done for articles related to the use of lasers for surface modification of dental biomaterials in English language published between October 2000 and March 2023 in Scopus, Pubmed and web of science, and relevant articles were reviewed. Lasers have been mainly used for surface modification of implant materials (71%), especially titanium and its alloys, to promote osseointegration. In recent years, laser texturing has also emerged as a promising technique to reduce bacterial adhesion on titanium implant surfaces. Currently, lasers are being widely used for surface modifications to improve osseointegration and reduce peri-implant inflammation of ceramic implants and to enhance the retention of ceramic restorations to the tooth. The studies considered in this review seem to suggest laser texturing to be more proficient than the conventional methods of surface modification. Lasers can alter the surface characteristics of dental biomaterials by creating innovative surface patterns without significantly affecting their bulk properties. With advances in laser technology and availability of newer wavelengths and modes, laser as a tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials is a promising field, with excellent potential for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runki Saran
- Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kishore Ginjupalli
- Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sajan D. George
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre for Applied Nanosciences, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Santhosh Chidangil
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Unnikrishnan V K
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
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Mathew T, BM S, GV P, Jose J. Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and 810 nm Diode Laser in the Disinfection of Root Canals Contaminated With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e28596. [PMID: 36185833 PMCID: PMC9521298 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study compared the antibacterial efficacy of three different root canal irrigants, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine and 810 nm diode laser and diode laser in combination with chlorhexidine in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Fifty extracted mandibular first premolars were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and cut at the apical end; biomechanical preparation was done, autoclaved and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The specimens were divided into five groups containing 10 teeth each: group I: saline (negative control), group II: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, group III: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, group IV: diode laser, and group V: diode laser in combination with 2% chlorhexidine. Disinfection was carried out, after which dentinal shavings were collected from the specimens of each group. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested by counting the colony-forming units of viable Enterococcus faecalis on the agar plates. One-way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post hoc test were done to analyse the results. Results: Diode laser with chlorhexidine group showed minimum colony-forming units followed by the diode laser group. The post hoc test showed a statistically significant difference between saline, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine groups (P = 0.001) and a non-significant difference between diode laser and diode laser with chlorhexidine group (P = 0.997). Conclusions: Diode laser can be used as a root canal disinfectant alone or in combination with chlorhexidine.
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Elmallawany A, Hussein YF, Ali MM, Montasser K, Aly Y, Sharaf N. Effect of Ultrasonic and Diode Laser Irrigation Activation on Post-operative Pain and Microbial Reduction in Single Visit Endodontic Treatment of Necrotic Mandibular Molars. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To clinically evaluate the effect of continuous ultrasonic and diode laser 810 wave length irrigation activation techniques on postoperative pain and bacterial reduction in single visit endodontic treatment of mandibular molars.
Material and methods: Forty patients requiring root canal treatment therapy for necrotic mandibular molars teeth were included in this study with age ranges between 20 and 45 years. In all cases, single visit endodontic treatment was carried out using Revo-S rotary file system in crown down sequence. NaOCl 2.5% irrigation solution was used during treatment. Patients were randomly and equally assigned into two groups according to irrigation technique. Group (1): conventional syringe irrigation and group (2): continuous ultrasonic irrigation. Each group was subdivided into two sub groups (n = 10); subgroup 1A (conventional syringe irrigation with no laser), subgroup 1B (conventional syringe irrigation with diode laser), subgroup 2A (continuous ultrasonic irrigation with no laser) and subgroup 2B (continuous ultrasonic irrigation with diode laser).
Postoperative pain evaluation was done using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours and 7 days postoperatively. Microbiological detection of bacterial reduction was done by taking Samples (S1 and S2) for bacterial cultures. S1 after finishing access cavity and before mechanical preparation and S2 after finishing mechanical preparation and irrigation activation and before obturation. Samples were cultured on blood agar and determined as colony forming units (CFU/mL). Microbiological bacterial reduction was calculated accordingly. Statistical analyses were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.
Results: In all sub groups, postoperative pain decreased by time in all time intervals but pain was significantly lower in subgroup (2B) (continuous ultrasonic irrigation with diode laser) than subgroup (1A) (conventional syringe irrigation with no laser) in all time interval. Microbiological results showed the highest bacterial reduction was in subgroup (2B) (continuous ultrasonic irrigation with diode laser) and least bacterial reduction was in subgroup (1A) (conventional syringe irrigation with no laser).
Conclusion: Using diode laser and continuous ultrasonic irrigation activation techniques as adjunctive methods showed improvement in postoperative pain records and enhanced bacterial reduction in root canal therapy.
Keywords: Continuous ultrasonic irrigation, diode laser 810, post-operative pain, bacterial reduction, single visit endodontic treatment.
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12
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Vasovic M, Jovanovic L, Djordjevic A. Bone Quality Assessment of Dental Implant Recipient Sites. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/sjecr-2015-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The term bone quality is not clearly defined and depends on many factors, such as bone density, bone vascularity, bone metabolism and other factors that may affect implant outcome. The assessment of bone volume and bone density is most common in planning the treatment of dental implants. Bone quality is an important predictor of primary implant stability, which influences the future implant osseointegration. Numerous classifications have been described for the evaluation of bone density. The most commonly used has been the one proposed by Lekholmu and Zarb. For the objective evaluation of bone density, conventional computed tomography (CT) or Cone Beam Computed tomography (CBCT), have been proposed. Both methods are reliable for the measurement of bone density, but preference is given to CBCT, due to the lower radiation doses, greater comfort for the patient and the lower prices. Pre-operatively defined bone density is a good indicator of the future success of implant therapy. In addition to the bone density, vascularity of the jawbone is an important factor of the quality of the bone for the osseointegration of dental implants. Laser Doppler is a simple method that can determine the vascularity of bone during implant insertion. The development of modern diagnostic methods for assessing the quantity and quality of the jawbone has enabled easier implant planning and has provided a secure outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena Jovanovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Serbia
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13
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Al‐Saleh S, Al Rifaiy MQ, Binhasan M, Alhamdan MM, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Modified photoactivated methylene blue‐incorporated quartz particles for dentin disinfection: A scanning electron microscope and spectroscopic analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2234-2240. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Al‐Saleh
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Q Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Binhasan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai M Alhamdan
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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14
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Abstract
A very extensive literature review presents the possibilities and needs of using, in endodontics, the alloys commonly known as nitinol. Nitinol, as the most modern group of engineering materials used to develop root canals, is equilibrium nickel and titanium alloys in terms of the elements’ atomic concentration, or very similar. The main audience of this paper is engineers, tool designers and manufacturers, PhD students, and students of materials and manufacturing engineering but this article can also certainly be used by dentists. The paper aims to present a full material science characterization of the structure and properties of nitinol alloys and to discuss all structural phenomena that determine the performance properties of these alloys, including those applied to manufacture the endodontic tools. The paper presents the selection of these alloys’ chemical composition and processing conditions and their importance in the endodontic treatment of teeth. The results of laboratory studies on the analysis of changes during the sterilization of endodontic instruments made of nitinol alloys are also included. The summary of all the literature analyses is an SWOT analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and is a forecast of the development strategy of this material in a specific application such as endodontics.
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15
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Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of electrosprayed chitosan nanoparticles against endodontic pathogens and Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24487. [PMID: 34966174 PMCID: PMC8716534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to synthesize highly positively charged chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-Np) using the electrospraying technique, and to test their antimicrobial activity against endodontic pathogens, and cytotoxicity against fibroblast cells. Ch-Np were synthesized from low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-Ch) using the electrospraying technique, and characterized. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans in their planktonic state using a Time-Kill Test performed by using broth micro-dilution technique, and against biofilm biomass using a microtiter plate biofilm assay. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cells with the standard MTT assay. Electrospraying of LMW-Ch produced Ch-Np with an average size of 200 nm, and a surface charge of 51.7 mV. Ch-Np completely eradicated S. mutans and E. faecalis in the planktonic state and showed fungistatic activity against C. albicans. Furthermore, it significantly reduced the biofilm biomass for all the tested microbial species [S. mutans (p = 0.006), E. faecalis (p < 0.0001), and C. albicans (p = 0.004)]. When tested for cytotoxicity using 3T3 cells, Ch-Np showed no cytotoxicity. In conclusion, the highly positively charged, colloidal dispersion of Ch-Np are effective as a biocompatible endodontic antimicrobial agent.
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16
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Pacheco RR, Garcia-Flores AF, Soto-Montero JR, Lesseux GG, Lancelotti ACRA, Martinez ED, Rettori C, Urbano RR, Rueggeberg FA, Giannini M. Synthesis, characterization, and incorporation of upconverting nanoparticles into a dental adhesive. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e120. [PMID: 34878075 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of b-NaYF4:30%Yb/0.5%Tm upconverting nanocrystals for use as nanofillers in a dental adhesive and microscopically evaluate the interface between the particles and a commercial adhesive. The upconverting nanoparticles were synthesized and purified by thermal decomposition, and their chemical composition determined by energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy. The crystalline structure was characterized using X-Ray diffraction and morphology and size were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Upconverting emission was evaluated by spectrophotometry irradiating the particles with a 975 nm diode laser. Particles were functionalized with polyacrylic acid and the success was confirmed by measurement of Zeta Potential and transmission electron microscopy. The results of X-ray diffraction found a pure hexagonal phase crystalline pattern. Scanning electron microscopy showed uniform dispersion of hexagonal-shaped particles of approximately 150 nm. Upconversion emission was observed in 344 nm, 361 nm, 450 nm, 474nm, 646 nm, 803 nm. Functionalization success was confirmed by formation of a stable aqueous colloid with a Zeta potential of -29.5mV and the absence of voids in the particle-adhesive interface on the transmission electron microscopy images. The reported synthesis and functionalization process produced upconverting nanoparticles emitting photons within the blue spectral region (450 nm and 474 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rocha Pacheco
- University of Detroit Mercy, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Jorge Rodrigo Soto-Montero
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Montes de Oca, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Guilherme Gorgen Lesseux
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo David Martinez
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rettori
- Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues Urbano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Giannini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Fornaini C, Fekrazad R, Rocca JP, Zhang S, Merigo E. Use of Blue and Blue-Violet Lasers in Dentistry: A Narrative Review. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e31. [PMID: 34733754 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Blue and blue-violet diode lasers (450 and 405 nm) seem to represent an interesting approach for several clinical treatments today. The aim of this narrative review is to describe and comment on the literature regarding the utilization of blue and blue-violet lasers in dentistry. Methods: A search for "blue laser AND dentistry" was conducted using the PubMed database, and all the papers referring to this topic, ranging from 1990 to April 2020, were analyzed in the review. All the original in vivo and in vitro studies using 450 nm or 405 nm lasers were included in this study. All the articles on the LED light, laser wavelengths other than 405 and 450 nm and using lasers in specialties other than dentistry, as well as case reports, guideline papers and reviews were excluded. Results: From a total of 519 results, 47 articles met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 8 groups based on their fields of application: disinfection (10), photobiomodulation (PBM) (4), bleaching (1), resin curing (20), surgery (7), periodontics (1), endodontics (1) and orthodontics (3). Conclusion: Blue and blue-violet diode lasers may represent new and effective devices to be used in a large number of applications in dentistry, even if further studies will be necessary to fully clarify the potentialities of these laser wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Fornaini
- Laboratoire MICORALIS (MICrobiologie ORALe, Immunothérapie et Santé) EA7354, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Odontologie, Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06000 Nice, France.,Group of Applied Electro Magnetics (GAEM), Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Viale G. P. Usberti 181/A -43124 -Parma, Italy.,2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Dept. of Stomatology, 53 Huaxi Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jean-Paul Rocca
- Laboratoire MICORALIS (MICrobiologie ORALe, Immunothérapie et Santé) EA7354, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Odontologie, Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06000 Nice, France.,2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Dept. of Stomatology, 53 Huaxi Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Dept. of Stomatology, 53 Huaxi Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- Laboratoire MICORALIS (MICrobiologie ORALe, Immunothérapie et Santé) EA7354, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Odontologie, Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06000 Nice, France.,2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Dept. of Stomatology, 53 Huaxi Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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18
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What Are the Chances of Resilon to Dominate the Market Filling Materials for Endodontics? METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a literature review with additional virtual analyses of the authors’ own experimental research results. Knowledge from various areas was synergistically combined, appropriately for concurrent engineering, presenting several possible methodological approaches used in research, optimizing the selection of engineering materials and the conditions of their application with particular application in endodontics. Particular attention was paid to the theoretical aspects of filling material strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats SWOT analysis. Attention was paid to the original concepts of Sustainable Dentistry Development in conjunction with Dentistry 4.0, which includes endodontics as an important element. The dentists’ actions, among others, in conservative dentistry, along with endodontics, requires close cooperation with engineers and the enginering sciences. Methods of root canal preparation were described, together with selected tools, including those made of nitinol. Principles concerning the process of cleaning and shaping the pulp complex are presented. The importance of obturation methods, including the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation THC technique, and the selection of filling materials with the necessary sealants for the success of endodontic treatment are discussed. The experimental studies were carried out in vitro on human teeth removed for medical reasons, except for caries, for which two groups of 16 teeth were separated. After the root canal was prepared, it was filled with studs and pellets of a filling material based on polyester materials, which has gained the common trade name of resilon or, less frequently, RealSeal (SybronEndo) with an epiphany sealant. The teeth for the first group were obturated by cold lateral condensation. In the second case the obturation was performed using the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation technique using System B and Obtura III. The experimental leakage testing was done using a scanning electron microscope SEM and a light stereoscopic microscope LSM, as typical research tools used in materialography. The research results, in a confrontation with the data taken from the literature studies, do not indicate the domination of resilon in endodontics.
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19
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Is Gutta-Percha Still the “Gold Standard” among Filling Materials in Endodontic Treatment? Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper is an extensive monographic review of the literature, and also uses the results of the authors’ own experimental research illustrating the noticed developmental tendencies of the filling material based on gutta-percha. The whole body of literature proves the correctness of the research thesis that this material is the best currently that can be used in endodontics. Caries is one of the most common global infectious diseases. Since the dawn of humankind, the consequence of the disease has been the loss of dentition over time through dental extractions. Both tooth caries and tooth loss cause numerous complications and systemic diseases, which have a serious impact on insurance systems and on the well-being, quality, and length of human life. Endodontic treatment, which has been developing since 1836, is an alternative to tooth extraction. Based on an extensive literature review, the methodology of qualifying patients for endodontic treatment was analyzed. The importance of selecting filling material and techniques for the development and obturation of the root canal during endodontic treatment was described. Particular attention was paid to the materials science aspects and the sequence of phase transformations and precipitation processes, as well as the need to ensure the stoichiometric chemical composition of Ni–Ti alloys, and the vacuum metallurgical processes and material processing technologies for the effects of shape memory and superelasticity, which determine the suitability of tools made of this alloy for endodontic purposes. The phenomena accompanying the sterilization of such tools, limiting the relatively small number of times of their use, play an important role. The methods of root canal preparation and obturation methods through cold side condensation and thermoplastic methods, including the most modern of them, the thermo-hydraulic condensation (THC) technique, were analyzed. An important element of the research hypothesis was to prove the assumption that to optimize the technology of development and obturation of root canals, tests of filling effectiveness are identified by the density and size of the gaps between the root canal wall, and the filling methods used and devices appropriate for material research, using mainly microscopy such as light stereoscopic (LSM) and scanning electron (SEM). The most beneficial preparations were obtained by making a longitudinal breakthrough of 48 natural human teeth, extracted for medical reasons, different from caries, with compliance with all ethical principles in this field. The teeth were prepared using various methods and filled with multiple obturation techniques, using a virtual selection of experimental variants. The breakthroughs were made in liquid nitrogen after a one-sided incision with a narrow gap created by a diamond disc using a materialographic cutter. The best effectiveness of the root canal filling was ensured by the technology of preparing the root canals with K3 rotary nitinol tools and filling the teeth with the THC thermoplastic method using the System B and Obtura III devices with studs and pellets of filling material based on gutta-percha after covering the root canal walls with a thin layer of AH Plus sealant. In this way, the research thesis was confirmed.
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20
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Effect of the Piezoelectric Device on Intraoperative Hemorrhage Control and Quality of Life after Endodontic Microsurgery: A Randomized Clinical Study. J Endod 2021; 47:1052-1060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Anbari F, Asfia M, Forouzani G, Talebi Rafsanjan K. Effect of an 810 nm Diode Laser on the Healing of a Periapical Abscess. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e3. [PMID: 34084729 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The golden standard of the treatment of radicular cysts is mainly root canal therapy or surgical excision with apicectomy. The root canals are usually disinfected by the mechanical and chemical actions of instruments and chemical irrigating solutions respectively. To improve the efficacy of the root canal disinfection process, many techniques have been used and many researchers are still trying to reach the quickest and most convenient way to achieve this goal. Diode lasers have shown antibacterial activity on dentinal tubules, and they can penetrate more than 1000 μm into the dentin. Case Presentation: Our patient was a 25-year-old female with an infraorbital abscess caused by a non-vital maxillary canine with periapical radiolucency. After completing the conventional treatment, the optical fiber was inserted into the canal according to the working length previously measured. An 810 nm diode laser at the output power of 4 W was used to irradiate the root canals, with a 300 μm fiber. The patient was free of pain within a few days. The lesion was resolved in radiographic follow-ups, 3 and 6 months after the root canal treatment. Conclusion: A combination of conventional root canal therapy and an 810 nm diode laser is an effective treatment for non-vital teeth with periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Anbari
- Assistant Professor, Oral Medicine Department, Dental school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gelareh Forouzani
- Postgraduate student, Oral Medicine Department, Dental school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Divya D, Naik SV, Raju OS, Shivani B, Basappa N, Betur AP. Conceptual combination of disinfection in regenerative endodontics: Conventional versus laser-assisted disinfection. J Conserv Dent 2021; 24:252-259. [PMID: 35035150 PMCID: PMC8717846 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_96_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Successful regeneration depends on four key elements of tissue engineering such as stem cells, growth factors, scaffold and sterile environment. Therefore, regenerative endodontic therapy requires higher degree of disinfection for successful outcomes. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome using conventional and laser assisted disinfection in regenerative endodontics at 1, 3 and 6 months. Materials and Methods: 18 children with necrotic young permanent teeth were selected for the study. In Group A, in the first appointment AAE (American Association of Endodontics, Clinical Consideration for Regenerative Endodontic Procedure - 2016) disinfection protocol was employed. In Group B laser assisted disinfection (810 nm diode laser, 1 W, 20 ms Pulse length and 20 ms interval duration) was performed. Microbial samples were obtained before and after disinfection to check the level of disinfection. The cases were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months interval and evaluated for clinical outcome, periapical healing and apical response. Data were statistically analyzed with level of significance set 1% or 5% accordingly (P<0.01 or P<0.05) Results: On intragroup comparison there was significant reduction in bacterial count before and after disinfection with respect to laser assisted disinfection group. (P value = 0.007) There was no significant change in the clinical outcome score in laser group at 1,3- and 6-months interval. Periapical healing score showed statistically significant results in laser group when followed from 3 months to 6 months (P value = 0.04). Conclusion: Along with AAE 2016 protocol, use of laser assisted disinfection resulted in improved quality of disinfection and an expeditious clinical outcome and periapical healing in necrotic young permanent teeth. Keywords: Disinfection; laser; regenerative endodontics; sodium hypochlorite; tooth apex
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Affiliation(s)
- D Divya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Saraswathi V Naik
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - O S Raju
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Bellal Shivani
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - N Basappa
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Archana P Betur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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23
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Tarao H, Akutagawa M, Emoto T, Takei A, Yumoto H, Tominaga T, Ikehara T, Kinouchi Y. Evaluation of Temperature Increase From Joule Heat in Numerical Tooth Model by Applying 500 kHz Current for Apical Periodontitis Treatment-Effect of Applied Voltage and Tooth Conductivity. Bioelectromagnetics 2021; 42:224-237. [PMID: 33537989 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For apical periodontitis treatments, a new method with the insertion of an electrode into the root canal of a tooth and application of a current at 500 kHz to sterilize the area by Joule heat has attracted attention. However, few studies have quantified the temperature increase in the root canal. This study aimed to investigate the basic characteristics of the temperature increase in a simple and standard tooth model when energizing a current at 500 kHz to the numerical tooth model with typical electrical and physical properties. We developed a numerical model of a standard tooth (dentin) and periodontal tissues consisting of an alveolar bone, cortical bone, and gingiva, and physiological saline in a root canal and calculated the temperature increase inside the numerical model by a coupled analysis of current and heat when a voltage was applied across the electrodes. The calculated results for the different applied voltages showed a temperature increase at the apical portion of the root canal, which increased with the applied voltage even for the same total supplied energy. The temperature increase occurred at the apical portion of the root canal as the tooth conductivity decreased. When the tooth conductivity was high, a current passed through the dentin, which led to a decrease in the temperature at the apical portion of the root canal. However, a chemical solution with a higher conductivity in the root canal tended to increase the temperature at the apical portion of the root canal, regardless of the tooth conductivity. More efficient approaches for increasing the spatial and temporal temperature for the tooth model target are needed. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Tarao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kagawa College, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Masatake Akutagawa
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Emoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Amane Takei
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yumoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Tominaga
- Medical Corporation Tominaga Dental Clinic, Naruto, Japan.,Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Ikehara
- Institute of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kinouchi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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24
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Mokhtarpur H, Nafisifard M, Dadgar S, Etemadi A, Chiniforush N, Sobouti F. Shear Bond Strength of the Metal Bracket to Zirconium Ceramic Restoration Treated by the Nd: YAG Laser and Other Methods: An In Vitro Microscopic Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 11:411-416. [PMID: 33425291 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Providing reliable bonding of the bracket base and the zirconia surface is required to apply orthodontic force. The purpose of this scientific experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of three different methods of surface preparation for Zirconia, including surface roughening, sandblasting and the Nd: YAG laser, in the shear bond strength (SBS) of the orthodontic brackets. Methods: Fifty-four discs of zirconia were divided into three groups of 18: A) Hydrofluoric acid etching, B) sandblasting, and C) Nd: irradiation using the power of 1.5 W for 10 seconds. After bonding the brackets, the samples were slowly thermo-cycled (1000 times) for 24 hours. The SBS test was performed by a universal testing machine at a head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was scored at a magnification of 10 in the stereo microscope. All data were collected and analyzed using the variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey, Don, and Weibull tests (α = 0.05). Results: The HF acid etching group (6.11± 0.94 MPa) had the highest SBS, which was followed by the laser group (6 ± 0.61 MPa) and the sandblast group (3.1080 ± 0.82 MPa). There was a significant statistical difference between the laser and HF groups and the sandblast group (P < 0.05) and no significant difference between the HF group and the laser group (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Based on the obtained bond strength, the Nd: YAG laser with a power of 1.5 W could be a substitute treatment method for the HF acid-etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mokhtarpur
- Prosthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maliheh Nafisifard
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Dental Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sepideh Dadgar
- Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ardavan Etemadi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Farhad Sobouti
- Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Dental Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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25
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Root Surface Temperature Increases during Root Canal Filling In Vitro with Nd:YAG Laser-Softened Gutta-Percha. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2020; 2020:8828272. [PMID: 32587668 PMCID: PMC7298274 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8828272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature increases produced on the mesial and vestibular root surfaces of premolar teeth during a laser-softened gutta-percha obturation technique. We studied 12 extracted human premolar teeth with a single canal. After root canal cleaning and shaping, the teeth were obturated with gutta-percha that had been softened with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (CTL 1503) at a wavelength of 1.064 nm. The laser setup parameters included a 30 Hz frequency and a 200 mJ/pulse with optical fiber tips of 0.320 mm diameter. A sectional warm gutta-percha condensation was used. Temperature changes on the whole mesial and vestibular outer surfaces of the roots were measured at approximately 2 s intervals with an infrared thermal imaging camera. A significantly higher increase in temperature was observed for the mesial root surface (7.5°C) compared to the vestibular surface (3.7°C) (p ≈ 0). The findings suggested that root canal filling with Nd:YAG laser-softened gutta-percha in premolar teeth is not likely to damage the surrounding periradicular tissues. To obtain valid temperature results, the measurement should be performed on the surface with the thinnest root wall.
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Dhawan S, Jasuja P, Khurana H, Gakhar E, Singh H. A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet and diode lasers in smear layer removal and dentin permeability of root canal after biomechanical preparation - A scanning electron microscopy study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2020; 38:64-70. [PMID: 32174631 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_174_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemomechanical preparation of root canal dentin with hand or rotary instruments creates debris and a smear layer. Root canal preparation (RCP) along with irrigants is not effective in cleaning apical portions, and hence, different laser activation systems were used for better cleaning in the apical third. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) and diode laser irradiation in smear layer removal and dentin permeability after biomechanical preparation using scanning electron microscopic investigation. Material and Methods: Thirty sound single-rooted human teeth were distributed randomly and equally into three groups (n = 10 each) based upon the type of laser irradiation after RCP: Group I (control group) - RCP with ProTaper rotary system using the standard irrigating protocol; Group II - RCP with ProTaper rotary system using the standard irrigating protocol followed by diode laser irradiation; and Group III - RCP with ProTaper rotary system using the standard irrigating protocol followed by Er:YAG laser irradiation. After root sectioning, specimens were dehydrated, then gold plated and observed using a scanning electron microscopy. Then, the smear layer scores were recorded and performed using the statistical analysis. Results: Smear layer removal efficacy of Er:YAG laser was more at coronal, middle, and apical third when compared to Group I and Group II. Debris removal score of Group III (Er:YAG) was better than Group I (17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and Group II (diode). Conclusion: Er:YAG laser-activated RCP was comparatively efficient in cleaning the smear layer and dentinal tubules opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Dhawan
- Department of Pedodontics, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
| | - Purshottam Jasuja
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Khurana
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
| | - Ekta Gakhar
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
| | - Harveen Singh
- Department of Pedodontics, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
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Rezaei-Soufi L, Tapak L, Forouzande M, Fekrazad R. Effects of motion direction and power of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on pull-out bond strength of fiber post to root dentin in endodontically-treated single-canal premolar teeth. Biomater Res 2019; 23:17. [PMID: 31788326 PMCID: PMC6858750 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate retention and gradual debonding of intracanal post from root dentin is a major cause of failure of endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber post. MAIN BODY This study aimed to assess the effect of surface treatment of quartz fiber posts with different powers and motion directions of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on their pull-out bond strength to root dentin in endodontically treated premolar teeth. In this study, 105 fiber posts were divided into 7 groups according to their surface treatment with different powers of Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2780 nm wavelength, 20 Hz frequency and 150 μs pulse duration in circumferential (C) or longitudinal (L) motion directions: Control group (no treatment), 0.5 W laser in longitudinally (L0.5), 1.0 W laser in longitudinally (L1), 1.5 W laser in longitudinally (L1.5), 0.5 W laser in circumferentially (C0.5), 1.0 W laser in circumferentially (C1) and 1.5 W laser in circumferentially (C1.5). After cementation, pull-out bond strength was measured in Newton (N). Each sample was inspected under a stereomicroscope at × 25 magnification to determine the mode of failure. Two samples of each group were inspected under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test with significant level of 0.05. The pull-out bond strength of 0.5 W groups had significant differences with the control group (P = 0.009). The bond strength of 1.0 W and 1.5 W groups were not significantly different (P = 0.630) but were higher than the control and 0.5 W groups (P < 0.001). Motion direction of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength (P = 0.384). The interaction effect of power and motion direction of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength (P = 0.092). CONCLUSION Fiber posts treated with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 W Er,Cr:YSGG laser showed higher bond strength to dentin compared to posts with no surface treatment. However, the motion directions of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength. In order to minimize damage to post surface and achieving maximum bond strength, longitudinal surface treatment of posts with 1.0 W power of Er,Cr:YSGG laser is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loghman Rezaei-Soufi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Forouzande
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, Dental Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kadić S, Baraba A, Miletić I, Ionescu AC, Brambilla E, Ivanišević Malčić A, Gabrić D. Influence of different laser-assisted retrograde cavity preparation techniques on bond strength of bioceramic-based material to root dentine. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:173-179. [PMID: 31273570 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02835-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of the study were to evaluate the bond strength of bioceramic TotalFill root repair material (RRM) in retrograde cavities prepared using Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser and steel bur, and to analyze failure modes. The root canals of 30 single-rooted teeth were endodontically treated, their root-ends were resected using a diamond bur, and the teeth were randomly divided into three groups (N = 10) according to the retrograde cavity preparation technique: (1) Er:YAG laser, (2) Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and (3) steel bur. All retrograde cavities were filled with the TotalFill RRM which was prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions. Push-out test was performed using universal testing machine, and failure mode was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction, and Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test (p < 0.05). In the Er:YAG-, Er,Cr:YSGG-, and steel bur-prepared cavities, mean bond strengths (MPa) were 12.76, 8.44, and 6.01, respectively. The bond strength of the TotalFill RRM to dentin was significantly higher in the Er:YAG laser compared with the steel bur-prepared cavities (p = 0.004). The bond strength was not significantly different between the Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG cavities (p = 0.074) and between the Er,Cr:YSGG and bur cavities (p = 0.648). In the cavities prepared by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and bur, the failure mode of the TotalFill RRM was predominantly mixed, then adhesive and cohesive. In the Er:YAG laser-prepared cavities, the most common failure mode was adhesive, followed by mixed type and no cohesive failure. The bond strength of the TotalFill RRM to dentin was highest in the group of retrograde cavities prepared by the Er:YAG laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Kadić
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Polyclinic Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anja Baraba
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Miletić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Ivanišević Malčić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dragana Gabrić
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Rajakumaran A, Ganesh A. Comparative Evaluation of Depth of Penetration of Root Canal Irrigant After Using Manual, Passive Ultrasonic, and Diode Laser-Assisted Irrigant Activation Technique. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2019; 11:S216-S220. [PMID: 31198340 PMCID: PMC6555378 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_300_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the penetration depth of irrigant after using manual, passive ultrasonic, and diode laser–assisted irrigant activation technique. Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars were selected (N = 90). Teeth were decoronated and working length was standardized for 12 mm. Root canals were shaped using ProTaper Universal F3. Saline was used as an irrigant in between every successful instrumentation. After completion of chemomechanical preparation, root canals were filled with Rhodamine-B-labeled sodium hypochlorite (3%). Teeth samples were divided into three experimental groups. In Group 1 (n = 30), manual irrigant activation was performed for 30 seconds with master cone gutta-percha (F3) in gentle up and down motion. In Group 2 (n = 30), ultrasonic irrigant activation was performed using passive ultrasonic endo tips for 30 seconds. In Group 3 (n = 30), laser activation was performed using diode laser for 30 seconds with 200-µm tips. Transverse sections were made at 2, 5, and 8 mm from the root apex and were observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy. Maximum penetration depth of irrigant was recorded and statistically analyzed. Result: In the all three groups, coronal third (sections at 8 mm from root apex) showed the highest penetration depth of irrigant. Laser activation (Group 3) showed the highest penetration depth in all the three sections when compared with manual and passive ultrasonic irrigant activation. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc test showed there were significantly high differences among all the three groups and also at all three levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Diode laser–assisted irrigant activation technique had better penetration depth in all the three aspects of root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arasappan Rajakumaran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arathi Ganesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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UĞUR AYDIN ZELİHA, AKPINAR KEREMENGİN, HEPOKUR CEYLAN, ALTUNBAŞ DEMET. Human Osteoblast Hücre Hattı Üzerinde Qmix, Etilen Diamintetraasetik Asit ve Klorhheksidin’in Sitotoksisitesinin Değerlendirilmesi. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.438506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Laser pulpotomy—an effective alternative to conventional techniques—a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1621-1629. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Detection of pulsed blood flow through a molar pulp chamber and surrounding tissue in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1121-1132. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Montero-Miralles P, Torres-Lagares D, Segura-Egea JJ, Serrera-Figallo MÁ, Gutierrez-Perez JL, Castillo-Dali G. Comparative study of debris and smear layer removal with EDTA and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e598-e602. [PMID: 29930779 PMCID: PMC6005092 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate in vitro, the ability in removing debris and Smear Layer of 17% EDTA and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Material and Methods 58 unirradicular teeth were instrumented with MTwo® and divided into 3 groups according to irrigation protocol: 17%EDTA, laser and a combination of 17%EDTA and laser. All samples were analyzed in the apical and middle third with Scanning Electron Microscope. The Chi-cuadrado and McNemar tests were used to determine the statistical analysis and data processing and analysis was performed with the statistical package StatGraphics Centurion XVI. Results Debris analysis showed statistical significant differences when compared EDTA vs laser and EDTA vs EDTA+laser in the middle third. The Smear Layer removal showed statistical significant differences in the middle third when compared EDTA vs laser and EDTA vs EDTA+laser. Conclusions Laser showed a greater cleaning capacity than EDTA in the middle third; the cleanliness was even better when combined laser with EDTA, so the effect is accumulative. Key words:Root canal treatment, Smear Layer, Er,Cr:YSGG laser, debridement.
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Strefezza C, Amaral MM, Quinto J, Gouw-Soares SC, Zamataro CB, Zezell DM. Effect of 830 nm Diode Laser Irradiation of Root Canal on Bond Strength of Metal and Fiber Post. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:439-444. [PMID: 29768091 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND The correct selections of the cementing agent, the endodontic post material and placement protocol are critical to provide an increased longevity of the teeth that went through endodontic treatment. The irradiation with diode laser before post cementation, can promote an antimicrobial effect. However, there is a lack of information about the effect of 830 nm diode laser on the post bond strength. This study analyzed the effect of dentin root canal irradiation with high-intensity diode laser, at 830 nm, operating in continuous or pulsed mode, on the retention of metal or fiber posts, cemented with self-etching resinous composite (Panavia F) and zinc phosphate cement (ZnPO4). MATERIALS AND METHODS Human roots were irradiated with diode laser (continuous and pulsed mode). The fiber posts were luted with Panavia F and the metal posts with Panavia F or ZnPO4 cement. Specimens were sectioned into three sections (cervical, middle, and apical). The bond strength was measured by a push-out mechanical analysis. For the statistical analysis, a three-way ANOVA test was applied following a Tukey's pairwise comparison with a significance level of p = 0.05. RESULTS The irradiated groups presented higher bond strength compared with nonirradiated group (p < 0.05), and the cervical and middle thirds presented higher on bond strength than the apical. The association of metal post and Panavia F presented higher bond strength when irradiated on continuous mode (p < 0.05). Fiber post and Panavia F presented higher bond strength associated to pulsed mode. The mode seems not to make a significant difference. CONCLUSIONS These results corroborate the importance of the post bond to dentin and root canal debris removal to increase the tooth longevity. It was shown that the dentin to post bond strength were enhanced by the diode laser irradiation either on continuous or pulsed modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Strefezza
- 1 Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and Applications , IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Quinto
- 1 Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and Applications , IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Bianchi Zamataro
- 1 Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and Applications , IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Maria Zezell
- 1 Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and Applications , IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Tilakchand M, Singh NN, Yeli MM, Naik BD. "Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of EZLASE diode LASER on the infected root canal system:" An in vivo study. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:306-310. [PMID: 29899635 PMCID: PMC5977781 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_14_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of a diode LASER on the infected root canal system. Methodology A total of forty patients with infected root canals were selected. The root canals were prepared mechanically, and irrigation was done with 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Microbiological samples were collected before LASER treatment with the help of the master apical file (MAF) to full working length for subsequent microbiological examination. The procedure was followed by laser treatment with an EZLASE diode LASER (940 nm), at different output powers. Following irradiation, samples were collected for microbiological examination. The samples were transferred to an agar plate and incubated for 48 h at 37°C. The colonies formed were then counted, and the total number of bacteria per ml before and after LASER application was assessed. Colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) was counted for Enterococcus faecalis and other bacterial flora from pretreatment and posttreatment samples that were then analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The highest power of laser used (1.95 W) had resulted in maximum reduction of bacterial flora and E. faecalis counts. Conclusions Combination therapy consisting of irrigation using NaOCl and LASER irradiation, especially at high output power was an effective treatment option for a reduction in E. faecalis as well as other bacterial flora from the root canal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Tilakchand
- Department Conservative and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Nisha Nitin Singh
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahantesh Mrityunjay Yeli
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Balaram D Naik
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Dispersion of near-infrared laser energy through radicular dentine when using plain or conical tips. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:251-255. [PMID: 29063474 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of tip design on patterns of laser energy dispersion through the dentine of tooth roots when using near-infrared diode lasers. Diode laser emissions of 810 or 940 nm were used in combination with optical fiber tips with either conventional plain ends or conical ends, to irradiate tooth roots of oval or round cross-sectional shapes. The lasers were operated in continuous wave mode at 0.5 W for 5 s with the distal end of the fiber tip placed in the apical or coronal third of the root canal at preset positions. Laser light exiting through the roots and apical foramen was imaged, and the extent of lateral spread calculated. There was a significant difference in infrared light exiting the root canal apex between plain and conical fiber tips for both laser wavelengths, with more forward transmission of laser energy through the apex for plain tips. For both laser wavelengths, there were no significant differences in emission patterns when the variable of canal shape was used and all other variables were kept the same (plain vs conical tip, tip position). To ensure optimal treatment effect and to prevent the risks of inadvertent laser effects on the adjacent periapical tissues, it is important to have a good understanding of laser transmission characteristics of the root canal and root dentine. Importantly, it is also essential to understand transmission characteristics of plain and conical fibers tips.
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Cheng X, Tian T, Tian Y, Xiang D, Qiu J, Liu X, Yu Q. Erbium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser-Activated Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation: A Promising Procedure for Minimally Invasive Endodontics. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:695-701. [PMID: 28922064 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to evaluate the potential of Erbium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser-activated sodium hypochlorite irrigation (Er:YAG + NaOCl) for minimally invasive endodontics (MIE). BACKGROUND DATA Er:YAG laser irradiation can dramatically enhance the penetration of NaOCl, which may be a promising protocol for MIE. METHODS Extracted human teeth were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis for 4 weeks. The infected canals were then shaped to different apical terminal working widths (ATWW, 15#/0.04, 20#/0.04, 25#/0.04, 30#/0.04, and 40#/0.04) and treated with either Er:YAG + NaOCl (0.3 W, 20 sec) or NaOCl alone. Then, the ATWW were fixed at 15#/0.04, and the canals were treated with Er:YAG + NaOCl at 0.3 W for 40 and 60 sec, or at 0.5 and 1.0 W for 20 sec. Finally, bacterial reductions were evaluated using the cell count method. RESULTS Er:YAG + NaOCl showed a higher disinfection efficacy at each ATWW compared with NaOCl alone (p < 0.001). The maximum bacterial reduction was 99.9% for the 40#/Er:YAG + NaOCl group and 93.6% for the 40#/NaOCl group. To achieve similar disinfection efficacy, the Er:YAG + NaOCl group needed a smaller ATWW than the NaOCl group. At a fixed ATWW, increasing the output power of the Er:YAG laser was more effective than increasing the radiation time to improve the disinfection efficacy of Er:YAG + NaOCl. The 15#/Er:YAG + NaOCl group reached the maximum bacterial reduction of 99.2% when the Er:YAG laser was activated at 1.0 W for 20 sec. CONCLUSIONS The 15#/Er:YAG + NaOCl with the Er:YAG laser irradiation at 1.0 W for 20 sec may be considered a promising procedure for MIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Cheng
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China .,2 Biomedical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry , Dallas, Texas
| | - Tiantian Tian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China .,3 Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Weifang People's Hospital , Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Doudou Xiang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qiu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- 2 Biomedical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry , Dallas, Texas
| | - Qing Yu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
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Sarp ASK, Gulsoy M. Determining the optimal dose of 1940-nm thulium fiber laser for assisting the endodontic treatment. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:1507-1516. [PMID: 28669067 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient cleaning, the complex anatomy of the root canal system, inaccessible accessory canals, and inadequate penetration of irrigants through dentinal tubules minimizes the success of the conventional endodontic treatment. Laser-assisted endodontic treatment enhances the quality of conventional treatment, but each laser wavelength has its own its own limitations. The optimal parameters for the antibacterial efficiency of a new wavelength, 1940-nm Thulium Fiber Laser, were firstly investigated in this study. This paper comprises of two preliminary analyses and one main experimental study, presents data about thermal effects of 1940-nm laser application on root canal tissue, effective sterilization parameters for bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, and finally the antibacterial effectiveness of this 1940-nm Thulium Fiber Laser irradiation in single root canal. Based on these results, the optimal parameter range for safe laser-assisted root canal treatment was investigated in the main experiments. Comparing the antibacterial effects of four laser powers on an E. faecalis bacteria culture in vitro in 96-well plates showed that the most effective group was the one irradiated with 1 W of laser power (antibacterial effect corresponding to a log kill of 3). After the optimal laser power was determined, varying irradiation durations (15, 30, and 60 s) were compared in disinfecting E. faecalis. Laser application caused significant reduction in colony-forming unit values (CFU) compared with control samples in the 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) group. The results of bacteria counts showed that 1 W with 30 s of irradiation with a 1940-nm thulium fiber laser was the optimal dose for safely achieving maximal bactericidal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Sena Kabas Sarp
- Biophotonics Laboratory, Bogazici University Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kandilli Kampus, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Gulsoy
- Biophotonics Laboratory, Bogazici University Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kandilli Kampus, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cheng X, Xiang D, He W, Qiu J, Han B, Yu Q, Tian Y. Bactericidal Effect of Er:YAG Laser-Activated Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation Against Biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis Isolate from Canal of Root-Filled Teeth with Periapical Lesions. Photomed Laser Surg 2017. [PMID: 28622484 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to evaluate the bactericidal effect of Er:YAG laser-activated sodium hypochlorite irrigation (Er:YAG + NaOCl) on biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate. BACKGROUND DATA It was reported that Er:YAG + NaOCl had effective bactericidal effect on laboratory-adapted E. faecalis strain, while no study has reported its effect on the clinical isolate. METHODS Eighteen E. faecalis strains were isolated from 39 root-filled teeth with periapical lesions, and their biofilm formation abilities were evaluated using the crystal violet staining method. Extracted human root canals were prepared to a 40#/.04 K3 instrument and contaminated with the E. faecalis isolate that presented the strongest biofilm formation ability for 4 weeks. The infected canals then received treatments of syringe irrigation with normal saline (NS) or NaOCl, ultrasonic activated irrigations US + NS and US + NaOCl, and Er:YAG laser-activated irrigations Er:YAG + NS and Er:YAG + NaOCl. The root canals were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bacterial reductions were evaluated using the cell count method. RESULTS SEM results showed that biofilm-like structures formed on the root canal walls after 4-week bacterial incubation. Er:YAG + NaOCl completely removed the E. faecalis biofilm from the root canal wall and made it the cleanest and most smooth surface among the treatment groups. Bacterial reductions in the treatment groups were presented in a descending order of Er:YAG + NaOCl (98.8%), US + NaOCl (98.6%) > NaOCl (94.0%) > Er:YAG + NS (91.9%) > US + NS (78.1%) > NS (51.1%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The Er:YAG + NaOCl showed an effective bactericidal effect on biofilms of E. faecalis isolate, which may be considered an effective protocol for root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Doudou Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenxi He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
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Beltes C, Economides N, Sakkas H, Papadopoulou C, Lambrianidis T. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using Indocyanine Green and Near-Infrared Diode Laser AgainstEnterococcus faecalisin Infected Human Root Canals. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:264-269. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charis Beltes
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Economides
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hercules Sakkas
- Food, Water and Environmental Microbiology Group, Microbiology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chrissanthy Papadopoulou
- Food, Water and Environmental Microbiology Group, Microbiology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theodoros Lambrianidis
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Perales-Garza RV, Sierra-Garcia GD, Nájera RIS, Perales-Perez ÁRV. Management of Traumatic Fibroma in a Patient with Cerebral Palsy Using 810nm Diode Laser. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZD01-ZD02. [PMID: 28384984 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/20084.9125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There are several treatment options for hyperplastic gingival lesions. Among these, diode lasers have the advantages of less bleeding, which is an important characteristic in mucosal lesions, a shorter procedure time, better healing, and less complications. We present the case of a 48-year-old male patient with a history of cerebral palsy and a presumptive diagnosis of traumatic fibroma. The entire lesion was removed in one session with no complications. No recurrence was observed at 3 months follow up. This procedure can be considered a good modality especially for physically challenged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Daniel Sierra-Garcia
- Professor, Department of Advanced Odontology and Endodontics, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon , Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isela Sánchez Nájera
- Professor, Department of Advanced Odontology, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon , Monterrey, Mexico
| | - áRaúl Vicente Perales-Perez
- Specialist, Department of Orthodontics, Center for the Study and Research in Orthodontics, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon , Monterrey, Mexico
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Wang X, Cheng X, Liu B, Liu X, Yu Q, He W. Effect of Laser-Activated Irrigations on Smear Layer Removal from the Root Canal Wall. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:688-694. [PMID: 28394240 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of laser-activated irrigations (LAI) by using the Erbium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser and the Erbium Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser on removing smear layer (SL) from the root canal wall. BACKGROUND DATA LAI has been proposed as an adjuvant to conventional protocols of endodontic treatment to enhance the disinfection, which is a promising protocol for SL removal. MATERIALS AND METHODS SL was generated by preparing the root canals of extracted human teeth to a #35/.04 M3 instrument. The SL then received treatments of one of the following: (A) NaOCl, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 60 sec; (B) EDTA, 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 60 sec; (C) NaOCl+EDTA, NaOCl, and EDTA for 30 sec each; (D) LAI+NaOCl, LAI with NaOCl for 60 sec; (E) LAI+EDTA, LAI with EDTA for 60 sec; and (F) LAI+NaOCl+EDTA, LAI with NaOCl, and EDTA for 30 sec each. Efficacies of SL removal were evaluated by using a five-grade scoring system under scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The laser activations significantly enhanced the effect of the NaOCl, EDTA, and NaOCl+EDTA irrigations in removing SL. The efficacies of SL removal were presented in a descending order of LAI+NaOCl+EDTA, LAI+EDTA>LAI+NaOCl, NaOCl+EDTA>EDTA>NaOCl. CONCLUSIONS Among the treatments, the LAI+NaOCl+EDTA was the most effective protocol in removing SL from the entire root canal wall, which may be effective for root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Cheng
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Baogang Liu
- 2 Department of Stomatology, Lishilu Outpatient Department, Chinese PLA Second Artillery Corps , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenxi He
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, P.R. China
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Sugawara S, Shigetani Y, Kenmotsu S, Okiji T, Ohshima H. Evaluation of a new mouse model for studying dental pulpal responses to GaAlAs laser irradiation. J Oral Biosci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Beltes C, Sakkas H, Economides N, Papadopoulou C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using Indocyanine green and near-infrared diode laser in reducing Entrerococcus faecalis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 17:5-8. [PMID: 27816623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has been suggested as an adjuvant method to eliminate facultative bacteria during root canal disinfection. The purpose of this preliminary in vitro study was to determine whether the light-activated antimicrobial agent, Indocyanine green (ICG), could be used as photosensitizer and kill Enterococcus faecalis strain under planktonic conditions when irradiated with near-infared (NIR) diode laser emitting in 810nm wavelength. METHODS Planktonic suspension containing Enterococcus faecalis strain was divided into nine experimental groups: (1) aPDT with ICG and laser (medium energy fluence), (2) aPDT with ICG and laser (high energy fluence), (3) only ICG without laser activation, (4) only laser emission without ICG (5) 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as irrigant, (6) 2.5% NaOCl and aPDT with ICG and laser, (7) 2.0% Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) as irrigant (8) No treatment (positive control), (9) No bacterial biofilm growth (negative control). The samples were incubated for 7days and colony-forming units (CFUs) were determined to evaluate bacterial viability. RESULTS The microbiological test revealed that aPDT groups, regardless the overall power, showed significant lower mean log10 CFU levels, than groups 3, 4 and 7 (p<0.01). The irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl and the combination of PDT and NaOCl achieved total elimination of bacteria. CONCLUSION These preliminary in vitro findings imply that the combination of ICG and NIR diode laser may be a novel supplement in aPDT and provide better disinfection during endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charis Beltes
- Department of Endodontology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Dentistry, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Hercules Sakkas
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Economides
- Department of Endodontology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Dentistry, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Chrissanthy Papadopoulou
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
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Jurič IB, Anić I. The Use of Lasers in Disinfection and Cleanliness of Root Canals: a Review. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 48:6-15. [PMID: 27688346 DOI: 10.15644/asc48/1/1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of root canal treatment is based on efficient disinfection of the root canal system and prevention of reinfection. Current chemomechanical cleaning methods do not always achieve these goals, and insufficient root canal disinfection is the main reason for endodontic failure. Due to high energy content and specific characteristics of laser light, laser treatment has been proposed for cleaning and disinfecting the root canal system. This paper reviews the literature covering the effect of Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, Nd:YAG and diode laser on the root canal wall in the removal of smear layer and against intracanal bacteria. Recently, the use of laser energy to induce cavitation and acoustic streaming of intracanal irrigants has been investigated. Based on recent literature, it can be concluded that lasers have bactericidal effects. However, they still cannot replace sodium hypochlorite and should be considered as an adjunct to the current chemical root canal disinfection protocols. Certain lasers can help in removing the smear layer and debris and can modify the morphology of the root canal wall. Unfortunately, there have not been enough randomized clinical studies evaluating endodontic treatment outcome following the use of laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Bago Jurič
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Anić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
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Dantas EM, Amorim FKDO, Nóbrega FJDO, Dantas PMC, Vasconcelos RG, Queiroz LMG. Clinical Efficacy of Fluoride Varnish and Low-Level Laser Radiation in Treating Dentin Hypersensitivity. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:79-82. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201602422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of fluoride varnish (Fluorniz(r)) and irradiation with a gallium-arsenide-aluminum diode laser in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity. Cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH) is a painful condition that is highly prevalent in the world's adult population, with one in six patients presenting this symptom. Eighty-six teeth were divided into two groups: Group 1, teeth treated with Fluorniz; Group 2, teeth irradiated with a GaAlAs laser at a 4 J/cm2 dose. The two treatments were applied to the buccal cervical region in four sessions, at intervals of 72 to 96 h. The response of the patient to tactile and thermal-evaporative stimuli was rated on a visual analog scale. The results showed a reduction of hypersensitivity in response to tactile and thermal-evaporative stimulation at the end of treatment in both groups. In conclusion, short-term treatment with Fluorniz was found to be more effective than low-level laser radiation in reducing cervical dentin hypersensitivity.
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Mitić A, Popović J, Živković S, Mitić V, Nikolić M, Dačić S. EFFECTS OF LASER TREATMENT ON INTRACANAL DENTINE AND CEMENTUM AT THE ROOT APEX. ACTA MEDICA MEDIANAE 2016. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2016.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Asnaashari M, Ebad LT, Shojaeian S. Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of 810 and 980- nanometer Diode Lasers on Enterococcus Faecalis in the Root Canal System -An in vitro study. Laser Ther 2016; 25:209-214. [PMID: 27853346 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.16-or-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim: Use of laser technology in endodontics has greatly increased in the recent years due to the introduction of new wavelengths and methods and optimal antimicrobial and smear layer removal properties of lasers. This in vitro study aimed to compare the antibacterial effects of diode lasers of 810 nm and 980 nm wavelength on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilm in the root canal system. Materials and methods: Fifty single-canal human anterior teeth were cleaned, shaped, sterilized and randomly divided into four groups namely two experimental, one positive and one negative control group. The experimental and positive control groups were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for two weeks. The experimental group one (n=20) received 810 nm diode laser irradiation (1.5W) while the experimental group two (n=20) was subjected to 980 nm diode laser irradiation (1.5W). The E. faecalis colony forming units (CFUs) were counted in each root canal before and after laser irradiation. Results: Laser irradiation significantly decreased the bacterial colony count in both experimental groups. The reduction in microbial count was significantly greater in 810 nm laser group compared to 980 nm laser group. Conclusion: Irradiation of both 810 and 980 nm lasers significantly decreased the E. faecalis count in the root canal system; 810 nm laser was more effective in decreasing the intracanal microbial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Asnaashari
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shiva Shojaeian
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cho YW, Park SH. Measurement of pulp blood flow rates in maxillary anterior teeth using ultrasound Doppler flowmetry. Int Endod J 2014; 48:1175-80. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-W. Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; College of Dentistry; Yonsei University; Seodaemun-Gu Seoul South Korea
| | - S.-H. Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Oral Science Research Center; College of Dentistry; Yonsei University; Seodaemun-Gu Seoul, South Korea
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Kanumuru NR, Subbaiah R. Bacterial Efficacy of Ca(oH)2 Against E.faecalis Compared with three Dental Lasers on Root Canal Dentin- An Invitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:ZC135-7. [PMID: 25584306 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/8412.5215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate bactericidal effect of Ca(OH)2 compared with 810 nm diode, 980 nm diode, and Nd:YAG lasers on root canal dentin against E.faecalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty five freshly extracted human mandibular single rooted teeth were selected for the study. The apical third of these roots was gradually enlarged until reaching the ISO 40- K file. The samples were divided into 4 groups, each containing 15 teeth and 5 teeth for control group. Group-1: 810 nm Diode; Group-2: 980 nm Diode; Group-3: Nd:YAG; Group-4: Ca(OH)2. 50μL of the E.faecalis ATCC 29212 strand was incubated in 1 mL of Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI) culture medium in37(o)C incubator for 4h. The concentration of the inoculation was then adjusted for a degree of turbidity which was adjusted to 0.5 McFarland scale. Later from the incubated broth, 10μL of E.faecalis culture was inoculated into the main canal and were sealed. RESULTS The incubated plates were checked for growth and the colony was counted using colony counter and the results are interpreted. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) amongst the Ca(OH)2 group regarding the laser groups. CONCLUSION The teeth irradiated with the Nd:YAG laser had significantly higher bacterial reduction than all the other groups and the respective control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha Reddy Kanumuru
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Dental College , Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rama Subbaiah
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Dental College , Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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