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Baud FJ, Houzé P, Raphalen JH, Philippe P, Lamhaut L. Vancomycin Sequestration in ST Filters: An In Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030620. [PMID: 36978488 PMCID: PMC10045619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequestration of vancomycin in ST® filters used in continuous renal therapy is a pending question. Direct vancomycin-ST® interaction was assessed using the in vitro NeckEpur® technology. METHOD ST150® filter and Prismaflex dialyzer, Baxter-Gambro, were used. Two modes were assessed in duplicate: (i) continuous diafiltration (CDF): 4 L/h, (ii) continuous dialysis (CD): 2.5 L/h post-filtration. RESULTS The mean initial vancomycin concentration in the central compartment (CC) was 51.4 +/- 5.0 mg/L. The mean percentage eliminated from the CC over 6 h was 91 +/- 4%. The mean clearances from the CC by CDF and CD were 2.8 and 1.9 L/h, respectively. The mean clearances assessed using cumulative effluents were 4.4 and 2.2 L/h, respectively. The mean percentages of the initial dose eliminated in the effluents from the CC by CDF and CD were 114 and 108% with no detectable sequestration of vancomycin in both modes of elimination. DISCUSSION Significant sequestration adds a clearance to that provided by CDF and CD. The study provides multiple evidence from the CC, the filter, and the effluents of the lack of an increase in total clearance in comparison with the flow rates without significant sequestration in the ST® filter comparing cumulative effluents to the initial dose in the CC. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence ST® filters directly sequestrate vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric J Baud
- Département d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
- EA7323, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houzé
- CNRS UMR 8258-U1022, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Herlé Raphalen
- Département d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Philippe
- Département d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lionel Lamhaut
- Département d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
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Le Ven J, Pellan C, Maulet V, Le Monnier A, Baud FJ. Elimination of cefotaxime using polysulfone and polyacrylonitrile-derived filters: An in vitro assessment. Int J Artif Organs 2023; 46:113-119. [PMID: 36583520 DOI: 10.1177/03913988221143803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CCRT) efficiently eliminates cefotaxime. To our knowledge, there are no previous in vitro studies dealing with the disposition of cefotaxime. We studied the elimination of cefotaxime by two filters in a model mimicking a session of CRRT using the NeckEpur® technology. The ST150®-polyacrylonitrile filter with the Prismaflex, Baxter-Gambro, and the AV1000®-polysulfone filter with the Multifiltrate Pro, Fresenius, were studied. Continuous filtration used a flowrate of 1 L/h in post-dilution only. Simulated blood flowrate was set at 200 mL/min. Routes of elimination were assessed using the NeckEpur® technology. Cefotaxime concentrations were measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography, and tandem mass spectrometry. Two sessions were performed using the ST® filter and three using the AV® filter. Stability of cefotaxime during 6 h was assessed in triplicate with a mean variation of concentrations of 2.4 ± 1.5% at the end of the study. The mean measured initial concentration in the central compartment (CC) for the five sessions was 52.4 mg/L. The mean amount eliminated from the CC at the end of the sessions using the ST150®-polyacrylonitrile and the AV1000®-polysulfone filters were 72% and 73%, respectively. The clearances of cefotaxime from the central compartment (CC) were 1.1 and 1.2 L/h, respectively. The mean sieving coefficient were 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. The mean percentages of the amount eliminated from the CC by filtration/adsorption were 87/13% and 92/8%, respectively. Both adsorption percentages were below 15%. We conclude neither the ST150®-polyacrylonitrile nor the AV1000®-polysulfone filters result in clinically significant adsorption of cefotaxime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Le Ven
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, GH Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Camille Pellan
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, GH Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Maulet
- Clinical Microbiology Department and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Platform, GH Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alban Le Monnier
- Clinical Microbiology Department, GH Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France.,Institut Micalis, UMR 1319 University Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParis Tech, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Frédéric J Baud
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,EA7323 Evaluation of Therapeutics and Pharmacology in Perinatality and Pediatrics - Hôpitaux Universitaires Cochin - Broca - Hôtel Dieu, Site Tarnier, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Thadani S, Fogarty T, Mottes T, Price JF, Srivaths P, Bell C, Akcan-Arikan A. Hemodynamic instability during connection to continuous kidney replacement therapy in critically ill pediatric patients. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:2167-2177. [PMID: 35118547 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data suggest evidence of organ hypoperfusion during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). To facilitate kidney and global recovery, we must understand the hemodynamic risks associated with CKRT. We aimed to investigate frequency of hemodynamic instability and association with patient outcomes in pediatric CKRT. METHODS In a single-center study of CKRT patients between September 2016 and October 2018, we collected hemodynamic data using archived high-resolution physiologic data before and after connection. Primary outcome was hypotension defined as ≥ 20% decrease in baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP) for ≥ 2 consecutive minutes in the 60 min following connection. Secondary outcomes were tachycardia (≥ 20% increase in heart rate (HR)) and hemodynamic interventions. RESULTS Seventy-one patients median age 54 months (IQR 7-144), weight 16.7 kg (IQR 8-41), on hemodiafiltration had 304 filter connections, 4 (IQR 1-7) filters per patient; the median duration of CKRT was 9 days (IQR 3-20). The most common CKRT indication was AKI with fluid overload (48/71, 69%). There were 78 (27%) hypotension and 42 (14%) tachycardia events; cumulative duration of hypotension was 14 min IQR (3-31.75). Teams provided intervention in 17/304 (6%) of connections. Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2 was the only independent predictor of hypotension (aOR 2.12 (CI 1.02-4.41)). CONCLUSIONS One in four and one in six pediatric CKRT filter connections were complicated by hypotension and tachycardia, respectively. Higher illness severity at CKRT initiation was independently associated with hypotension. Impact of CKRT-associated hemodynamic instability on global patient outcomes requires further targeted study. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Thadani
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Thomas Fogarty
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theresa Mottes
- Department of Pediatrics, Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jack F Price
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Poyyapakkam Srivaths
- Department of Pediatrics, Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Bell
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayse Akcan-Arikan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Baud FJ, Seif V, Houzé P, Raphalen JH, Pilmis B, Carli P, Lamhaut L. Elimination of three doses of gentamicin over three consecutive days using a polyacrylonitrile-derived filter: An in vitro assessment. Int J Artif Organs 2021; 44:641-650. [PMID: 34348515 DOI: 10.1177/03913988211032236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adsorption of gentamicin in a polyacrylonitrile filter was previously evidenced in a session lasting 6 h using the NeckEpur model. We extended the study over three consecutive days to mimic the 72-h life span of a filter. METHODS Prismaflex® monitor and ST150® filter were used in the continuous diafiltration (CDF) mode at a 2.5 L/h flowrate. The daily session started with a 6-h session of CDF. Thereafter, the 5-L central compartment was changed using a bag free of gentamicin to assess gentamicin release over the following 18 h. Experiments were repeated on Day 2 and stopped at the end of the 6-h session of CDF on Day 3. The experiment was performed in duplicate. RESULTS At a 2.5 L/h diafiltration flowrate, the mean daily clearances of gentamicin were 5.5, 4.0, and 3.3 L/h, respectively. The mean diafiltration and adsorption ratios in the daily elimination of gentamicin were 32/68%, 58/42%, and 88/12%, respectively. During days 1 and 2, the mean amount of gentamicin released from the ST150® filter were 14 and 34 mg, respectively. CONCLUSION The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin over 3 days is strongly altered by adsorption in the same filter with a progressive decrease of elimination by adsorption, suggesting saturation of the filter. One limitation of our study results from the mode of administration using a bolus dose instead of an infusion over 30 min. Adsorption adds a clearance to those of diafiltration. The time-dependency of gentamicin clearance precludes using a constant dosage regimen over the filter's life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric J Baud
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology - SAMU de Paris, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Necker, Paris, France.,EA7323 Evaluation of Therapeutics and Pharmacology in Perinatality and Pediatrics - Hôpitaux Universitaires Cochin - Broca - Hôtel Dieu, Site Tarnier, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université de Paris - Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Seif
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houzé
- CNRS UMR 8258 - U1022, Faculty of Pharmacy, Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Herlé Raphalen
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology - SAMU de Paris, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Necker, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Pilmis
- Molecular Mycology Unit, CNRS UMR 2000, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Carli
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology - SAMU de Paris, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Necker, Paris, France.,Université de Paris - Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Lamhaut
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology - SAMU de Paris, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Necker, Paris, France.,Université de Paris - Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Cheng V, Abdul-Aziz MH, Roberts JA. Applying Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetic Principles for Complex Patients: Critically Ill Adult Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Renal Replacement Therapy. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11908-021-00757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Baud FJ, Houzé P, Carli P, Lamhaut L. Alteration of the pharmacokinetics of aminoglycosides by adsorption in a filter during continuous renal replacement therapy. An in vitro assessment. Therapie 2020; 76:415-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Baud FJ, Houzé P, Raphalen JH, Winchenne A, Philippe P, Carli P, Lamhaut L. Diafiltration flowrate is a determinant of the extent of adsorption of amikacin in renal replacement therapy using the ST150®-AN69 filter: An in vitro study. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 43:758-766. [DOI: 10.1177/0391398820911928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In continuous renal replacement therapy, conduction and convection are controlled allowing prescribing dosage regimen improving survival. In contrast, adsorption is an uncontrolled property altering drug disposition. Whether adsorption depends on flowrates is unknown. We hypothesized an in vitro model may provide information in conditions mimicking continuous renal replacement therapy in humans. Methods: ST150®-AN69 filter and Prismaflex dialyzer, Baxter-Gambro were used. Simulated blood flowrate was set at 200 mL/min. The flowrates in the filtration (continuous filtration), dialysis (continuous dialysis), and diafiltration (continuous diafiltration) were 1500, 2500, and 4000 mL/h, respectively. Routes of elimination were assessed using NeckEpur® analysis. Results: The percentages of the total amount eliminated by continuous filtration, continuous dialysis, and continuous diafiltration were 82%, 86%, and 94%, respectively. Elimination by effluents and adsorption accounted for 42% ± 7% and 58% ± 5%, 57% ± 7% and 43% ± 6%, and 84% ± 6% and 16% ± 6% of amikacin elimination, respectively. There was a linear regression between flowrates and amikacin clearance: Y = 0.6 X ± 1.7 (R2 = 0.9782). Conversely, there was a linear inverse correlation between the magnitude of amikacin adsorption and flowrate: Y = –16.9 X ± 84.1 (R2 = 0.9976). Conclusion: Low flowrates resulted in predominant elimination by adsorption, accounting for 58% of the elimination of amikacin from the central compartment in the continuous filtration mode at 1500 mL/h of flowrate. Thereafter, the greater the flowrate, the lower the adsorption of amikacin in a linear manner. Flowrate is a major determinant of adsorption of amikacin. There was an about 17% decrease in the rate of adsorption per increase in the flowrate of 1 L/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Joseph Baud
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- EA7323, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houzé
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- UMR8258 – U1022, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Herlé Raphalen
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Anaïs Winchenne
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Philippe
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Carli
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Lamhaut
- Department of Anesthesiology an Intensive Care Medicine, Adult Intensive Care Unit, SAMU de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
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8
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Antimicrobial Disposition During Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Using an Ex Vivo Model. Crit Care Med 2019; 47:e767-e773. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Can we use an ex vivo continuous hemofiltration model to describe the adsorption and elimination of meropenem and piperacillin? Int J Artif Organs 2015; 38:419-24. [PMID: 26349527 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the adsorption and elimination characteristics of meropenem and piperacillin during simulated continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and to compare the observed data from this ex vivo study with previous data from clinical studies. METHOD This was an experimental study utilizing a modified CRRT circuit and polysulfone membrane (1.2 m2), circulated with a blood-crystalloid mixture. Adsorption onto the CRRT circuit was tested over a 4-h period, and clearance was assessed separately using variable continuous hemofiltration settings. RESULTS A rapid 9% reduction in circulating meropenem and piperacillin concentrations was observed at approximately 0.5 and 1.0 h for each antibiotic, respectively. The post-dilution setting was associated with a significantly higher sieving coefficient (Sc) and filter clearance (CLfilter) (mean ± SD) (Sc 1.14 ± 0.10 versus 1.06 ± 0.04; CLfilter 19.05 ± 1.63 versus 17.59 ± 0.62 ml/min, P values < 0.05) for meropenem. No significant differences were observed for piperacillin pharmacokinetics. Clinically comparable Sc data were observed between data obtained from the ex vivo study and data from previous clinical studies, for both antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Meropenem and piperacillin appear to be rapidly adsorbed into the CRRT circuit, and the delivery site of fluid replacement significantly influences meropenem pharmacokinetics. However, these findings are likely to be clinically insignificant and not affect dosing requirements. This ex vivo method could be a surrogate for future clinical pharmacokinetic studies of CRRT. Further research is required to explore the applicability of the ex vivo method to further characterize antibiotic pharmacokinetics during CRRT.
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Hites M, Dell'Anna AM, Scolletta S, Taccone FS. The challenges of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and extra-corporeal circuits for drug delivery in critically ill patients. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 77:12-21. [PMID: 24842474 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is characterized by more than one organ system failing, especially during critical illness. MODS is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in current ICU practice; moreover, multiple organ dysfunction, especially liver and kidneys, may significantly affect the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of different drugs that are currently administered in critically ill patients. These PK alterations may either result in insufficient drug concentrations to achieve the desired effects or in blood and tissue accumulation, with the development of serious adverse events. The use of extra-corporeal circuits, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), may further contribute to PKs changes in this patients' population. In this review, we have described the main PK changes occurring in all these conditions and how drug concentrations may potentially be affected. The lack of prospective studies on large cohorts of patients makes impossible any specific recommendation on drug regimen adjustment in ICU patients. Nevertheless, the clinicians should be aware of these abnormalities in order to better understand some unexpected therapeutic issues occurring in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Hites
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hopital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Brussels Belgium
| | - Antonio Maria Dell'Anna
- Department of Intensive Care, Hopital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Brussels Belgium
| | - Sabino Scolletta
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Silvio Taccone
- Department of Intensive Care, Hopital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Brussels Belgium.
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Ittner KP, Roth G, Gruber M, Pawlik M, Taeger K. Clearance of moxifloxacin during continuous haemofiltration (CVVHF) in vitro. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56:360-4. [PMID: 15983025 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The clearance of moxifloxacin is reported to be unaltered in the presence of renal insufficiency. There is little information about the clearance of intravenous moxifloxacin in renal replacement therapies during intensive care. The aim of this study was to determine the clearance of moxifloxacin during continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVHF) in vitro. METHODS The elimination of moxifloxacin (reservoir with 600 mL of washed human erythrocytes, 100 mL of NaHCO3 and various amounts of Ringer solution and human albumin to give a total volume of 1000 mL, pH 7.35 +/- 0.5; haematocrit 41 +/- 2) during CVVHF in vitro with two filter conditions (during priming, after priming), three protein concentrations (human albumin: 0 g/L, 20 g/L, 40 g/L) and two filtration velocities [(i) standard condition: blood flow at 100 mL/min and turnover of 2 L/h; (ii) blood flow at 50 mL/min and turnover of 1 L/h] were investigated. RESULTS A new filter needs 20 min of priming before moxifloxacin reaches a steady relative filtration rate. The sieving coefficient with 0 g/L albumin was 1.07, with 20 g/L 0.90 and with 40 g/L 0.80. Under standard filtration conditions (i) the renal clearance was between 26.7 and 35.7 mL/min, and under the altered conditions (ii) it was 15.2 mL/min. CONCLUSION During CVVHF in vitro we found filtration clearances of moxifloxacin of the same order as its renal clearance in healthy subjects. The high sieving coefficient, nearly independent of blood protein concentration, would suggest that moxifloxacin is filtered almost as freely as creatinine. These results do not indicate a need for dose adjustment under appropriate haemofiltration conditions and normal hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Ittner
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Choi G, Gomersall CD, Lipman J, Wong A, Joynt GM, Leung P, Ramsay SJ, Ho OM. The effect of adsorption, filter material and point of dilution on antibiotic elimination by haemofiltration an in vitro study of levofloxacin. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 24:468-72. [PMID: 15519479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Accepted: 06/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied an in vitro model of continuous venous-venous haemofiltration (CVVH), into which levofloxacin 100 mg was infused, to determine levofloxacin adsorption and to determine the effect of filter material and point of dilution (pre- or post-filter) on sieving coefficient. Mean (standard deviation; S.D.) adsorption was 18.7 (5.3) mg for the polyamide filter and 40.2 (2.0) mg for the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) filter (P < 0.001). Post-dilution resulted in a minor, but statistically significant, decrease in sieving coefficient (pre-dilution 0.96 (S.D. 0.10), post-dilution 0.88 (S.D. 0.11) with the PAN filter. These data indicate that the variability in published values for levofloxacin sieving coefficient are not due to variation in point of dilution or membrane type (PAN or polyamide). Significant adsorption of levofloxacin onto PAN filters occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Choi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Böhler J, Donauer J, Keller F. Pharmacokinetic principles during continuous renal replacement therapy: Drugs and dosage. Kidney Int 1999. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.56.s.72.2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Frank RD, Farber H, Stefanidis I, Lanzmich R, Kierdorf HP. Hirudin elimination by hemofiltration: A comparative in vitro study of different membranes. Kidney Int 1999. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.56.s72.3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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