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Hatooka H, Shimomura Y, Imamura M, Teraoka Y, Morio K, Fujino H, Ono A, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Yamauchi M, Kawaoka T, Makokha GN, Miki D, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Abe-Chayama H, Hayes CN, Aikata H, Tanaka S, Chayama K. Construction of an anti-hepatitis B virus preS1 antibody and usefulness of preS1 measurement for chronic hepatitis B patients: Anti-HBV PreS1 antibody. J Infect 2021; 84:391-399. [PMID: 34953905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The preS1 region plays an essential role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We construct an antibody that binds to preS1 and a measurement system for serum preS1 in chronic HBV-infected patients. METHODS Hybridoma clones that produce anti-preS1 antibodies were obtained by the iliac lymph node method. Epitope mapping was conducted, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based method was developed. Using this ELISA system, serum preS1 levels were measured in 200 chronic HBV-infected patients. RESULTS Eight types of hybridomas were obtained, of which antibody 3-55 using amino acids 38-47 as the epitope showed high binding affinity to preS1. Serum preS1 levels measured by ELISA using 3-55 antibody were correlated with HBsAg, HBcrAg and HBV DNA levels. Among HBeAg-negative patients without antiviral therapeutic objective (HBV DNA <3.3 log IU/mL or alanine aminotransferase ≤30 U/L), preS1 was significantly higher in subjects who had progressed to the point of requiring antiviral therapy compared to subjects who had maintained their status for the preceding three years (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS We constructed an antibody against preS1 and an ELISA system capable of measuring serum preS1 levels. PreS1 may serve as a novel tool to predict the need for antiviral therapy in HBeAg-negative HBV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Hatooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Shimomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Grace Naswa Makokha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Abe-Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
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Vachon A, Osiowy C. Novel Biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Use in Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Management. Viruses 2021; 13:951. [PMID: 34064049 PMCID: PMC8224022 DOI: 10.3390/v13060951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though an approved vaccine for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is available and widely used, over 257 million individuals worldwide are living with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who require monitoring of treatment response, viral activity, and disease progression to reduce their risk of HBV-related liver disease. There is currently a lack of predictive markers to guide clinical management and to allow treatment cessation with reduced risk of viral reactivation. Novel HBV biomarkers are in development in an effort to improve the management of people living with CHB, to predict disease outcomes of CHB, and further understand the natural history of HBV. This review focuses on novel HBV biomarkers and their use in the clinical setting, including the description of and methodology for quantification of serum HBV RNA, hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg), including ultrasensitive HBsAg detection, quantitative anti-hepatitis B core antigen (qAHBc), and detection of HBV nucleic acid-related antigen (HBV-NRAg). The utility of these biomarkers in treatment-naïve and treated CHB patients in several clinical situations is further discussed. Novel HBV biomarkers have been observed to provide critical clinical information and show promise for improving patient management and our understanding of the natural history of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Vachon
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Carla Osiowy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
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3
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Teh CP, Chook JB, Ngeow YF, Tong TYK, Tee KK, Bong JJ, Mohamed R. Primer and probe conservation issue in the quantification of hepatitis B virus DNA. Rev Med Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chye Phing Teh
- Department of Biological Sciences School of Science and Technology Sunway University Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Medical Sciences School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences Sunway University Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Jack Bee Chook
- Department of Medical Sciences School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences Sunway University Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yun Fong Ngeow
- Department of Pre‐Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kajang Malaysia
| | - Tommy Yuh Koon Tong
- Department of Biological Sciences School of Science and Technology Sunway University Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Kok Keng Tee
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Jan Jin Bong
- Sunway Medical Centre Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rosmawati Mohamed
- Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Nejo Y, Faneye AO, Olusola B, Bakarey S, Olayinka A, Motayo B. Hepatitis B virus infection among sexually active individuals in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2018; 30:155. [PMID: 30455784 PMCID: PMC6235487 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.155.14886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health challenge in sub-Saharan African countries. Chronic HBV infection is a risk factor for severe disease progression. Perinatal and sexual transmissions of Hepatitis B virus are the main routes of infection in HBV endemic countries like Nigeria. However, there is paucity of data as regards the major contributory route of transmission to chronic HBV infection in this region. Also, in Nigeria, not everyone at high risk of the infection has been identified. Therefore our study investigated the prevalence of HBV infection among sexually active individuals in Nigeria. Methods Blood samples collected from 463 participants (360 sexually active individuals and 103 teenagers) recruited from health institutions across the country were tested for the presence of HBsAg, and HBV nucleic acid related antigen (HBVNRAg) by ELISA. Positive samples were further tested for the presence of HBeAg and antiHBe by ELISA. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and binary logistic regression at p = 0.05. Results HBsAg and HBVNRAg were detected in 10.4% and 7.6% of the participants respectively. STI clinic attendees had the highest prevalence for HBsAg (17%; p = 0.002). Teenagers had the lowest HBsAg (1.9; p = 0.002) and HBVNRAg (2.9%; p = 0.0001) prevalence rates. Male gender (p = 0.01) and reproductive age group (p=0.009) were the major predictors of chronic HBV infection. Conclusion Sexual transmission was identified as the major contributor to chronic HBV infection. Sexually active individuals especially those with STIs are high risk groups for chronic HBV infection. Interventions targeted at this group is therefore recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewande Nejo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowen University Iwo, Nigeria.,Department of Virology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Babatunde Olusola
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Bakarey
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Olayinka
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Motayo
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liang W, Zheng J, Li S, Hu C, Chen A. A Highly Sensitive Detection System based on Proximity-dependent Hybridization with Computer-aided Affinity Maturation of a scFv Antibody. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3837. [PMID: 29497069 PMCID: PMC5832849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a critical health problem worldwide, and HBV preS1 is an important biomarker for monitoring HBV infection. Previously, we found that a murine monoclonal antibody, mAb-D8, targets the preS1 (aa91-107) fragment of HBV. To improve its performance, we prepared the single-chain variable region of mAb-D8 (scFvD8) and constructed the three-dimensional structure of the scFvD8-preS1 (aa91-107) complex by computer modelling. The affinity of scFvD8 was markedly increased by the introduction of mutations L96Tyr to Ser and H98Asp to Ser. Furthermore, a highly sensitive immunosensor was designed based on a proximity-dependent hybridization strategy in which the preS1 antigen competitively reacts with an antibody labelled with DNA, resulting in decreased proximity-dependent hybridization and increased electrochemical signal from the Fc fragment, which can be used for the quantisation of preS1. The results showed a wide detection range from 1 pM to 50 pM with a detection limit of 0.1 pM. The sensitivity and specificity of this immunosensor in clinical serum samples were 100% and 96%, respectively. This study provides a novel system based on proximity-dependent hybridization and the scFv antibody fragment for the rapid quantisation of antigens of interest with a high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Wenbin Liang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China.
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6
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Li M, Wang P, Pei F, Yu H, Chen P, Dong Y, Li Y, Liu Q, Li D. Highly sensitive immunosensor for Hepatitis B surface antigen detection based on a novel signal amplification system of gold nanorods and mesoporous Au@Pd@Pt core-shell nanospheres. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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7
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Alizadeh N, Hallaj R, Salimi A. A highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for hepatitis B virus surface antigen detection based on Hemin/G-quadruplex horseradish peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme-signal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:184-192. [PMID: 28284078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Here we prepared an electrochemical immunosensor employing Au sheet as working electrode, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as supporting matrix and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme as signal amplifier for determination of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). First, the primary antibody of HBs (Ab1) was immobilized on the surface of the carboxyl-modified MNPs. Then, the assembly of antibody and alkylthiol/G-quadruplex DNA/hemin on gold nanoparticles was used as bio-bar-coded nanoparticle probe. Protein target was sandwiched between the primary antibody of HBs (Ab1) immobilized on the MNPs and hemin bio-bar-coded AuNPs probe labeled antibody (Ab2). Hemin/G-quadruplex structure as HRP mimicking-DNAzyme significantly improved the catalytic reduction of H2O2 by oxidation of methylene blue (MB). Square wave voltammetry signals of MB provided quantitative measurements of HBsAg with a linear concentration range of 0.3-1000 pgmL-1 and detection limit of 0.19 pgmL-1. Due to efficient catalytic activity of HRP mimicking-DNAzyme, the proposed immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity and it holds great promise for clinical application and provides a new platform for immunosensor development and fast disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Rahman Hallaj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran; Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran; Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran.
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Song G, Yang R, Rao H, Feng B, Ma H, Jin Q, Wei L. Serum HBV core-related antigen is a good predictor for spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients. J Med Virol 2016; 89:463-468. [PMID: 27505145 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Early prediction of spontaneous hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion is pivotal in the prevention of unnecessary drug prescription, corresponding financial burden, and adverse reactions. One hundred and thirteen chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg-positive in the immune active phase were followed up for about 1.5 years. Patients were classified into two groups: spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion group (group A, n = 18) and non-spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion group. Among the non-spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion group, 35 patients were selected as controls (group B, n = 35). At week 12, there was a significant difference in hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) levels between the two groups (group A 4.32 ± 1.05 log10 kU/ml, and group B 5.16 ± 0.53 log10 kU/ml, P = 0.004), and this significance magnified at week 28. Only two variables, HBcrAg level and the reduction in the HBcrAg levels (ΔHBcrAg) at week 28 were enrolled, with the odds ratio of 4.19 and 0.21, respectively. The optimal cutoffs of HBcrAg levels and the ΔHBcrAg at week 28 were 4.90 and 2.00 log10 kU/ml, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HBcrAg levels at week 28 were 73.9% and 96.7%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the ΔHBcrAg at week 28 were 76.2% and 93.8%, respectively. The measurement of HBcrAg is useful for monitoring the natural course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The dynamics of HBcrAg levels could accurately predict the spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. J. Med. Virol. 89:463-468, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjun Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China
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Toita R, Kawano T, Kang JH, Murata M. Applications of human hepatitis B virus preS domain in bio- and nanotechnology. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7400-7411. [PMID: 26139986 PMCID: PMC4481435 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i24.7400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of the family Hepadnaviridae, and causes acute and chronic infections of the liver. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) contains the large (L), middle (M), and small (S) surface proteins. The L protein consists of the S protein, preS1, and preS2. In HBsAg, the preS domain (preS1 + preS2) plays a key role in the infection of hepatocytic cells by HBV and has several immunogenic epitopes. Based on these characteristics of preS, several preS-based diagnostic and therapeutic materials and systems have been developed. PreS1-specific monoclonal antibodies (e.g., MA18/7 and KR127) can be used to inhibit HBV infection. A myristoylated preS1 peptide (amino acids 2-48) also inhibits the attachment of HBV to HepaRG cells, primary human hepatocytes, and primary tupaia hepatocytes. Antibodies and antigens related to the components of HBsAg, preS (preS1 + preS2), or preS1 can be available as diagnostic markers of acute and chronic HBV infections. Hepatocyte-targeting delivery systems for therapeutic molecules (drugs, genes, or proteins) are very important for increasing the clinical efficacy of these molecules and in reducing their adverse effects on other organs. The selective delivery of diagnostic molecules to target hepatocytic cells can also improve the efficiency of diagnosis. In addition to the full-length HBV vector, preS (preS1 + preS2), preS1, and preS1-derived fragments can be useful in hepatocyte-specific targeting. In this review, we discuss the literature concerning the applications of the HBV preS domain in bio- and nanotechnology.
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10
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Chen J, Chen Q, Gao C, Zhang M, Qin B, Qiu H. A SiO2 NP–DNA/silver nanocluster sandwich structure-enhanced fluorescence polarization biosensor for amplified detection of hepatitis B virus DNA. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:964-967. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01875c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel homogeneous biosensor based on the fluorescence polarization enhancement effect of the SiO2 NP–DNA/Ag nanocluster sandwich structure has been developed for sensitive and selective detection of hepatitis B virus DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Qiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Cunji Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Bo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
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Zhang Z, Li X, Yi W, Li S, Hu C, Chen A. A monoclonal antibody specific to the non-epitope region of hepatitis B virus preS1 contributes to more effective HBV detection. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1105-1110. [PMID: 23608352 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The hepatitis B virus (HBV) preS1 protein is divided into an epitope region and a non-epitope region based on the respective antigenicities of these regions. Most of the antibodies that are currently used to detect the large surface protein of HBV (HBV LHB) are specific to the epitope region of preS1, which may contribute to the false negative results of HBV LHB detection assays. Here, we established a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) that could improve the efficiency of HBV LHB detection. DESIGN AND METHODS The HBV preS1 protein was expressed in E. coli strain BL21 and used to screen hybridoma clones. HBV preS1-specific mAb was produced by immunizing mice with a chemically synthesized peptide antigen derived from the non-epitope region of HBV preS1. The mAb was characterized by ELISA, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry and was subsequently used in serum sample tests. RESULTS Based on in silico B cell epitope predictions, the HBV preS1 aa 91-117 peptide was synthesized as an antigen. Recombinant HBV preS1 was expressed in E. coli and identified by SDS-PAGE. The mAb D8 (IgG2b) recognized the recombinant preS1 protein in both ELISA and Western blot assays and also recognized the preS1 protein expressed in plasmid-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells by immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, the D8 mAb, which is specific for the non-epitope region of preS1, contributed to the improved sensitivity and specificity of HBV detection. CONCLUSIONS We established an mAb that is specific to the non-epitope region of HBV preS1 and improved the detection of HBV LHB in an ELISA assay. This mAb could help increase the accuracy of the clinical measurement of preS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinjun Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weijing Yi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Hu Z, Li M, Huang B, Liu J, Yu L, Chen G. Detection of hepatitis B virus PreS1 antigen using a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2012; 33:156-65. [PMID: 22471606 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2011.609576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) PreS1 antigen is expressed at the distal most region of the envelope protein and contains the hepatocyte receptor-binding site. The presence of the HBV PreS1 antigen in serum and liver of HBsAg-positive patients is a new marker used for diagnosing HBV infection, and is indicative of viral replication. Our objective is to establish a method of time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) with higher sensitivity and broader detection range for detecting serum HBV PreS1 antigen. Eu(3+) labeling of antibodies was performed with respective labeling kits, and Eu(3+) fluorescence intensity was measured with an auto DELFIA1235 TRFIA analyzer. The established method was evaluated for its performance. Serum specimens (574 in total) from Wuxi People's Hospital were analyzed for PreS1 antigen using the TRFIA and ELISA. The precision, specificity, and sensitivity of the TRFIA were clearly better than ELISA. The detection limit was 0.01 ng/mL. The average recovery rate for PreS1 antigens was 103.3%. There was significant correlation between the PreS1 antigen results obtained by TRFIA and ELISA in 374 serum samples with HBV >10(3) IU/mL (χ(2) = 25.04, p < 0.01) and 183 HbeAg-positive serum samples (χ(2) = 12.07, p < 0.01). Normal reference ranges were established at 0-0.32 ng/mL based on the values obtained from 100 healthy controls. TRFIA is a significantly effective method for clinical detection of serum HBV PreS1 antigens.
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13
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Buti M, Rodríguez Frías F, Esteban R. [Quantification of hepatitis B virus HBsAg: clinical implications]. Med Clin (Barc) 2012; 138:483-8. [PMID: 21719049 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) is the main serological marker of HBV infection since its discovery almost 50 years ago. Currently the quantification of HBsAg has acquired special relevance as there are commercial tests to measure its levels. Several studies have shown that in patients treated with pegylated interferon alfa the fall of HBsAg levels predicts the loss of HBsAg and persistent virologic response. The role of the quantification of HBsAg in the treatment with nucleoside analogues is still not well understood and requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Buti
- Servicio de Hepatología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Lereau M, Gouas D, Villar S, Besaratinia A, Hautefeuille A, Berthillon P, Martel-Planche G, Nogueira da Costa A, Ortiz-Cuaran S, Hantz O, Pfeifer GP, Hainaut P, Chemin I. Interactions between hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin B1: effects on p53 induction in HepaRG cells. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:640-650. [PMID: 22113009 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.032482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are the main risk factors for the development of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). How these factors cooperate is still largely unknown. AFB1 activation leads to DNA adduction and mutagenesis, with a specific mutation at codon 249 in TP53 (p.R249S). So far, only limited studies have addressed the effects of AFB1 on HBV replication. We have analysed the effects of both risk factors on p53 induction during HBV infection in HepaRG, a cell line with hepatocyte-like morphology that metabolizes AFB1 and supports HBV infection. Exposure to AFB1 up to 5 µM induced a downregulation of HBV replication after 48 h, as measured by a decrease in viral antigens in the culture medium (HBsAg, HBeAg and large envelope protein) and in intracellular levels of HBV transcripts, DNA and HBsAg. Conversely, HBV infection did not significantly modify AFB1-DNA adduct formation or repair as assessed by immunodot-blot assay, and the induction of p53 in response to AFB1 was similar in infected and non-infected HepaRG cells. Overall, our results suggest that AFB1 exposure decreases HBV replication, whereas DNA damage by AFB1 and subsequent p53 induction is not affected by the presence of the virus. Thus, in HepaRG cell line, AFB1 and HBV do not cooperate to increase DNA damage by AFB1. Further studies on the effects of both factors in a context of chronicity are needed to better understand synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Lereau
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
- INSERM U1052, 151 cours Albert Thomas, 69424 Lyon Cedex 03, France
| | - Doriane Gouas
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Stéphanie Villar
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Ahmad Besaratinia
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA
| | - Agnès Hautefeuille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Ghislaine Martel-Planche
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - André Nogueira da Costa
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Sandra Ortiz-Cuaran
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Olivier Hantz
- INSERM U1052, 151 cours Albert Thomas, 69424 Lyon Cedex 03, France
| | - Gerd P. Pfeifer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA
| | - Pierre Hainaut
- International Center for Research and Training, Hospital AC Camargo, Rua Pirapitinguí 204, São Paulo SP 01508 - 020, Brazil
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- INSERM U1052, 151 cours Albert Thomas, 69424 Lyon Cedex 03, France
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15
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Wang NY, Zhang D, Zhao W, Li BA, Lin CQ. Hepatitis B virus large surface protein in serum as a candidate biomarker for evaluating hepatitis B virus infection. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:1199-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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16
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Yuan Q, Ge S, Xiong J, Yan Q, Li Z, Hao X, Tian D, Niu J, Su Z, Chen C, Shih JWK, Zhang J, Xia N. A novel immunoassay for PreS1 and/or core-related antigens for detection of HBsAg variants. J Virol Methods 2010; 168:108-13. [PMID: 20451558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel immunoassay that detects simultaneously hepatitis B virus (HBV) PreS1 and/or core-related antigens was developed and evaluated for its potential for detecting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) variants. The detection limits of the assay was 10(2.9+/-0.5)copies/mL (mean+/-SD) for HBsAg-positive sera with different genotypes, and 10(3.5+/-1.2)copies/mL for HBsAg variants sera. The specificity of the assay was 99.9% (95% CI: 99.7-99.9%, 4551 healthy individuals). The sensitivities were 93.9% (95% CI: 92.8-94.9%), 59.3% (95% CI: 38.7-77.6%) and 80% (95% CI: 44.4-97.5%) in three independent groups which include: 2065 hepatitis patients, 27 patients with occult hepatitis B and 10 HBsAg variants, respectively. In addition, a novel premature stop code mutation at position 112 of HBsAg was observed in two patients with chronic hepatitis B with different genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Lian M, Zhou X, Wei L, Qiu S, Zhou T, Li L, Gu X, Luo M, Zheng X. Serum levels of preS antigen (HBpreSAg) in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients. Virol J 2007; 4:93. [PMID: 17892580 PMCID: PMC2082030 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-4-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious health problem worldwide. Treatment recommendation and response are mainly indicated by viral load, e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, and ALT levels. The S antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion is much less frequent. Since HBeAg can be negative in the presence of high viral replication, preS antigen (HBpreSAg) might be a useful indicator in management of chronic HBV infection. Results A new assay of double antibody sandwich ELISA was established to detect preS antigens. Sera of 104 HBeAg-negative and 50 HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients have been studied and 23 HBeAg-positive patients were enrolled in a treatment follow-up study. 70% of the HBeAg-positive patients and 47% of the HBeAg-negative patients showed HBpreSAg positive. Particularly, in the HBeAg-negative patients, 30 out of 47 HBpreSAg positive patients showed no evidence of viral replication based on HBV DNA copies. A comparison with HBV DNA copies demonstrated that the overall accuracy of the HBpreSAg test could reach 72% for active HBV replication. HBpreSAg changes were well correlated with changes of HBsAg, HBV DNA and ALT levels during the course of IFN-α treatment and follow-up. HBeAg positive patients responded well to treatment when reduction of HBpreSAg levels was more pronounced. Conclusion Our results suggested that HBpreSAg could be detected effectively, and well correlated with HBsAg and HBV DNA copies. The reduction of HBpreSAg levels in conjunction with the HBV DNA copies appears to be an improved predictor of treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lian
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100014, China
| | - Shihong Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
| | - Lanfen Li
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaocheng Gu
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ming Luo
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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18
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Aytay S, Ohagen A, Busch MR, Alford B, Chapman JR, Lazo A. Development of a sensitive PCR inhibition method to demonstrate HBV nucleic acid inactivation. Transfusion 2004; 44:476-84. [PMID: 15043561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2003.03306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of pathogen reduction technologies with relevant viruses currently contaminating the blood supply is limited by the availability of high-titer virus inocula and sensitive in vitro or in vivo infectivity assays. Because HBV infectivity can only be assessed by in vivo studies with chimpanzees, a sensitive PCR inhibition assay was developed to measure PEN110 inactivation of HBV. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PCR amplification of 1.1 kb of HBV genome was optimized to determine DNA damage introduced by treatment with PEN110 in RBCs. Inactivation of duck HBV (DHBV) in RBCs, with measurement of the in vitro infectivity, was performed to validate the PCR assay. RESULTS The PCR was highly specific and sensitive for amplification of the HBV genome and used to demonstrate a reduction of at least 7.2 and 8.1 log geq per mL within the first 18 hours of PEN110 treatment. PEN110 inactivation of DHBV was also achieved within the first 18 hours with a reduction factor of at least 5.0 log tissue culture infectious dose 50 percent per mL, suggesting that PCR inhibition is an alternative to infectivity assays. CONCLUSION This study establishes PCR inhibition as a reasonable approach to assess the efficiency of PEN110 inactivation of human pathogens with human plasma donations that have been found to contain high titers of relevant agents during different stages of infection.
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19
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Ye YK, Zhao JH, Yan F, Zhu YL, Ju HX. Electrochemical behavior and detection of hepatitis B virus DNA PCR production at gold electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:1501-8. [PMID: 12941566 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-known short-stranded hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA fragment (181 bps) was obtained by PCR method. The strategy for its electrochemical detection was designed by covalently immobilizing single-stranded HBV DNA on gold electrode surface via carboxylate ester as a linkage between 3'-hydroxy end of DNA and carboxyl group of thioglycolic acid (TGA) self-assembled monolayer. The hybridization reaction on surface was evidenced by electrochemical methods using ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate (FcPF6) as an electroactive indicator. The interactions of Fc+ with single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) HBV DNA immobilized on TGA monolayer were studied. The difference between the responses of Fc+ at ss- and ds-DNA/Au electrodes suggested that this hybridization biosensor could be conveniently used to monitor DNA hybridization with a high sensitivity. AC impedance and XPS techniques have been employed to characterize the immobilization of ss-DNA on the gold surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Science, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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20
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Wei J, Wang YQ, Lu ZM, Li GD, Wang Y, Zhang ZC. Detection of anti-preS1 antibodies for recovery of hepatitis B patients by immunoassay. World J Gastroenterol 2002; 8:276-81. [PMID: 11925607 PMCID: PMC4658366 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v8.i2.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish a convenient immunoassay method based on recombinant antigen preS1(21-119 aa) to detect anti-preS1 antibodies and evaluate the clinical significance of antibodies in hepatitis B.
METHODS: The expression plasmid pET-28a-preS1 was constructed, and a large quantity of preS1(21-119 aa) fragment of the large HBsAg protein was obtained. The preS1 fragment purified by Ni2+-IDA affinity chromatography was used as coated antigen to establish the indirect ELISA based on streptavidin-biotin system for detection of the anti-preS1 antibodies in sera from HBV-infected patients. For follow-up study, serial sera were collected during the clinical course of 21 HBV-infected patients and anti-preS1 antibodies, preS1 antigen, HBV-DNA and other serological HBV markers were analyzed.
RESULTS: preS1(21-119 aa) fragment was highly expressed from the plasmid pET-28a-preS1 in a soluble form in E. coli (30 mg•L⁻¹), and easily purified to high purity over 90% by one step of Ni2+-IDA-sepharose 6B affinity chromatography. The purity and antigenicity of the purified preS1(21-119 aa) protein was determined by 150 g•L⁻¹ SDS-PAGE, Western blot and a direct ELISA. Recombinant preS1(21-119 aa) protein was successfully applied in the immunoassay which could sensitively detect the anti-preS1 antibodies in serum specimens of acute or chronic hepatitis B patients. Results showed that more than half of 19 acute hepatitis B patients produced anti-preS1 antibodies during recovery of the disease, however, the response was only found in a few of chronic patients. In the clinical follow-up study of 11 patients with anti-preS1 positive serological profile, HBsAg and HBV-DNA clearance occurred in 6 of 10 acute hepatitis B patients in 5-6 mo, and seroconversion of HBeAg and disappearance of HBV-DNA occurred in 1 chronic patients treated with lavumidine, a antiviral agent.
CONCLUSION: The high-purity preS1(21-119 aa) coated antigen was successfully prepared by gene expression and affinity chromatography. Using this antigen, a conveniently detective system of anti-preS1 antibodies in sera was established. Preliminarily clinical trial the occurrence of anti-preS1 antibodies in acute hepatitis B patients suggests the clearance of HBV from serum in a short-term time, and anti-preS1 positive in chronic patients means health improvement or recovery from the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Institute of Biochemsitry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Kimura T, Rokuhara A, Sakamoto Y, Yagi S, Tanaka E, Kiyosawa K, Maki N. Sensitive enzyme immunoassay for hepatitis B virus core-related antigens and their correlation to virus load. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:439-45. [PMID: 11825954 PMCID: PMC153363 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.40.2.439-445.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) specific for hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was developed. We designated the precore/core gene products as hepatitis B virus (HBV) core-related antigens (HBcrAg). In order to detect HBcrAg even in anti-HBc/e antibody-positive specimens, the specimens were pretreated in detergents. The antibodies are inactivated by this pretreatment and, simultaneously, the antigens are released and the epitopes are exposed. The assay demonstrated 71 to 112% recovery using HBcrAg-positive sera. We observed no interference from the tested anticoagulants or blood components. When the cutoff value was tentatively set at 10(3) U/ml, all healthy control (HBsAg/HBV-DNA negative; n = 108) and anti-HCV antibody-positive (n = 59) sera were identified as negative. The assay showed a detection limit of 4 x 10(2) U/ml using recombinant antigen. Detection limits were compared in four serially diluted HBV high-titer sera. The HBcrAg assay demonstrated higher sensitivity than HBV-DNA transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) or HBeAg radio immunoassay (RIA) in the dilution test. HBcrAg concentrations correlated well with HBV-DNA TMA (r = 0.91, n = 29) and in-house real-time detection-PCR (r = 0.93, n = 47) in hepatitis B patients. On HBeAg/anti-HBe antibody seroconversion panels, the HBcrAg concentration changed in accordance with HBV-DNA levels. HBcrAg concentration provides a reflection of HBV virus load equivalent to HBV-DNA level, and the assay therefore offers a simple method for monitoring hepatitis B patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuji Kimura
- R&D Division, Advanced Life Science Institute, Inc., Wako, Saitama 351-0112, Japan.
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Petit MA, Guillou DBL, Roche B, Dussaix E, Duclos-Vallée JC, Féray C, Samuel D. Residual hepatitis B virus particles in liver transplant recipients receiving lamivudine: PCR quantitation of HBV DNA and ELISA of preS1 antigen. J Med Virol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Whalley SA, Murray JM, Brown D, Webster GJ, Emery VC, Dusheiko GM, Perelson AS. Kinetics of acute hepatitis B virus infection in humans. J Exp Med 2001; 193:847-54. [PMID: 11283157 PMCID: PMC2193367 DOI: 10.1084/jem.193.7.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2000] [Accepted: 02/26/2001] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Using patient data from a unique single source outbreak of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we have characterized the kinetics of acute HBV infection by monitoring viral turnover in the serum during the late incubation and clinical phases of the disease in humans. HBV replicates rapidly with minimally estimated doubling times ranging between 2.2 and 5.8 d (mean 3.7 +/- 1.5 d). After a peak viral load in serum of nearly 10(10) HBV DNA copies/ml is attained, clearance of HBV DNA follows a two or three phase decay pattern with an initial rapid decline characterized by mean half-life (t(1/2)) of 3.7 +/- 1.2 d, similar to the t(1/2) observed in the noncytolytic clearance of covalently closed circular DNA for other hepadnaviruses. The final phase of virion clearance occurs at a variable rate (t(1/2) of 4.8 to 284 d) and may relate to the rate of loss of infected hepatocytes. Free virus has a mean t(1/2) of at most 1.2 +/- 0.6 d. We estimate a peak HBV production rate of at least 10(13) virions/day and a maximum production rate of an infected hepatocyte of 200-1,000 virions/day, on average. At this peak rate of virion production we estimate that every possible single and most double mutations would be created each day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A. Whalley
- Centre for Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Royal Free Campus
| | - John M. Murray
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
- School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dave Brown
- Centre for Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Royal Free Campus
| | | | - Vincent C. Emery
- Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alan S. Perelson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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