1
|
Meurling S, Siljestam M, Cortazar-Chinarro M, Åhlen D, Rödin-Mörch P, Ågren E, Höglund J, Laurila A. Body size mediates latitudinal population differences in the response to chytrid fungus infection in two amphibians. Oecologia 2024; 204:71-81. [PMID: 38097779 PMCID: PMC10830819 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05489-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Factors behind intraspecific variation in sensitivity to pathogens remain poorly understood. We investigated how geographical origin in two North European amphibians affects tolerance to infection by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a generalist pathogen which has caused amphibian population declines worldwide. We exposed newly metamorphosed individuals of moor frog Rana arvalis and common toad Bufo bufo from two latitudinal regions to two different BdGPL strains. We measured survival and growth as infections may cause sub-lethal effects in fitness components even in the absence of mortality. Infection loads were higher in B. bufo than in R. arvalis, and smaller individuals had generally higher infection loads. B. bufo had high mortality in response to Bd infection, whereas there was little mortality in R. arvalis. Bd-mediated mortality was size-dependent and high-latitude individuals were smaller leading to high mortality in the northern B. bufo. Bd exposure led to sub-lethal effects in terms of reduced growth suggesting that individuals surviving the infection may have reduced fitness mediated by smaller body size. In both host species, the Swedish Bd strain caused stronger sublethal effects than the British strain. We suggest that high-latitude populations can be more vulnerable to chytrids than those from lower latitudes and discuss the possible mechanisms how body size and host geographical origin contribute to the present results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meurling
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Siljestam
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Cortazar-Chinarro
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- MEMEG/Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David Åhlen
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Rödin-Mörch
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Ågren
- Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacob Höglund
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Animal Ecology/ Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramírez-Valiente JA, Solé-Medina A, Robledo-Arnuncio JJ, Ortego J. Genomic data and common garden experiments reveal climate-driven selection on ecophysiological traits in two Mediterranean oaks. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:983-999. [PMID: 36479963 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Improving our knowledge of how past climate-driven selection has acted on present-day trait population divergence is essential to understand local adaptation processes and improve our predictions of evolutionary trajectories in the face of altered selection pressures resulting from climate change. In this study, we investigated signals of selection on traits related to drought tolerance and growth rates in two Mediterranean oak species (Quercus faginea and Q. lusitanica) with contrasting distribution ranges and climatic niches. We genotyped 182 individuals from 24 natural populations of the two species using restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing and conducted a thorough functional characterization in 1602 seedlings from 21 populations cultivated in common garden experiments under contrasting watering treatments. Our genomic data revealed that both Q. faginea and Q. lusitanica have very weak population genetic structure, probably as a result of high rates of pollen-mediated gene flow among populations and large effective population sizes. In contrast, common garden experiments showed evidence of climate-driven divergent selection among populations on traits related to leaf morphology, physiology and growth in both species. Overall, our study suggests that climate is an important selective factor for Mediterranean oaks and that ecophysiological traits have evolved in drought-prone environments even in a context of very high rates of gene flow among populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente
- Ecological and Forestry Applications Research Centre, CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Aida Solé-Medina
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Ortego
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feoktistova NY, Meschersky IG, Karmanova TN, Gureeva AV, Surov AV. Allele Diversity of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in the Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in Urban and Rural Populations. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022050077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
4
|
Jin L, Liao WB, Merilä J. Genomic evidence for adaptive differentiation among
Microhyla fissipes
populations: Implications for conservation. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong China
| | - Wen Bo Liao
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Nanchong China
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences FI‐00014 University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Research Division for Ecology and Biodiversity School Biological Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ecological adaptation drives wood frog population divergence in life history traits. Heredity (Edinb) 2021; 126:790-804. [PMID: 33536638 PMCID: PMC8102587 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-021-00409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation among populations is thought to be generated from spatial heterogeneity in environments that exert selection pressures that overcome the effects of gene flow and genetic drift. Here, we tested for evidence of isolation by distance or by ecology (i.e., ecological adaptation) to generate variation in early life history traits and phenotypic plasticity among 13 wood frog populations spanning 1200 km and 7° latitude. We conducted a common garden experiment and related trait variation to an ecological gradient derived from an ecological niche model (ENM) validated to account for population density variation. Shorter larval periods, smaller body weight, and relative leg lengths were exhibited by populations with colder mean annual temperatures, greater precipitation, and less seasonality in precipitation and higher population density (high-suitability ENM values). After accounting for neutral genetic variation, the QST-FST analysis supported ecological selection as the key process generating population divergence. Further, the relationship between ecology and traits was dependent upon larval density. Specifically, high-suitability/high-density populations in the northern part of the range were better at coping with greater conspecific competition, evidenced by greater postmetamorphic survival and no difference in body weight when reared under stressful conditions of high larval density. Our results support that both climate and competition selection pressures drive clinal variation in larval and metamorphic traits in this species. Range-wide studies like this one are essential for accurate predictions of population's responses to ongoing ecological change.
Collapse
|
6
|
Conservation genetics of yellow-bellied toads (Bombina variegata): a matter of geographical scale and isolation. CONSERV GENET 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-020-01320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAmphibian populations world-wide are threatened by declines and extinctions mainly due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Habitat fragmentation threatens the yellow-bellied toad Bombina variegata in the northern and western regions of its distribution where it is strictly protected. We studied the genetic structure and diversity of populations at three geographical scales using microsatellite loci to detect potential threats for population persistence. At the local scale, we sampled four neighbouring localities at 1–2.6 km distance to detect effects of short-term (decades) fragmentation on connectivity. At the regional scale, five additional localities in the mountains of the Westerwald (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) were studied at up to 50.1 km distance to analyse genetic diversity and population structure. At the continental scale, we included data from regions in the northern distribution with fragmented populations (Hesse and Lower Saxony, Germany) and more continuous populations in the South (Alsace, France; Geneva, Switzerland; Trentino, Italy) to evaluate variation of genetic diversity. At the local scale, short-term fragmentation caused significant genetic differentiation between breeding assemblages only 1.4 km apart from each other. At the regional scale, we found notable genetic distance among localities. At the continental scale, we identified Alsace, Trentino and Geneva in the South as regions with low genetic structuring and high allelic richness, and the northern remaining regions in Germany as deeply structured with reduced allelic richness. We suggest that reduced genetic diversity and habitat fragmentation in northern regions makes these populations particularly vulnerable to decline. In conclusion, informed conservation management of B. variegata should focus on measures maintaining or improving connectivity among neighbouring populations.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rowiński PK, Laurila A, Gotthard K, Sowersby W, Lind MI, Richter-Boix A, Eckerström-Liedholm S, Rogell B. Parental effects influence life history traits and covary with an environmental cline in common frog populations. Oecologia 2020; 192:1013-1022. [PMID: 32277360 PMCID: PMC7165185 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Across latitudinal clines, the juvenile developmental rates of ectotherms often covary with the length of the growing season, due to life-history trade-offs imposed by the time-constrained environments. However, as the start of the growing season often varies substantially across years, adaptive parental effects on juvenile developmental rates may mediate the costs of a delayed season. By employing a meta-analysis, we tested whether larval developmental rates across a latitudinal cline of the common frog (Rana temporaria) are affected by fluctuating onsets of breeding, across years. We predicted that larval developmental rate will be inversely related to the onset of breeding, and that northern populations will be more prone to shorten their developmental rate in response to late breeding, as the costs of delayed metamorphosis should be highest in areas with a shorter growing season. We found that the larval period of both northern and southern populations responded to parental environmental conditions to a similar degree in absolute terms, but in different directions. In northern populations, a late season start correlated with decreased development time, suggesting that the evolution of parental effects aids population persistence in time-constrained environments. In southern populations, late season start correlated with increased development time, which could potentially be explained as a predator avoidance strategy. Our findings suggest that local ecological variables can induce adaptive parental effects, but responses are complex, and likely trade-off with other ecological factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr K Rowiński
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Gotthard
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Will Sowersby
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin I Lind
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alex Richter-Boix
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Björn Rogell
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 178 93, Drottningholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bachmann JC, Jansen van Rensburg A, Cortazar-Chinarro M, Laurila A, Van Buskirk J. Gene Flow Limits Adaptation along Steep Environmental Gradients. Am Nat 2020; 195:E67-E86. [DOI: 10.1086/707209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
9
|
Jourdan J, Piro K, Weigand A, Plath M. Small-scale phenotypic differentiation along complex stream gradients in a non-native amphipod. Front Zool 2019; 16:29. [PMID: 31338113 PMCID: PMC6624920 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-019-0327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Selective landscapes in rivers are made up by an array of selective forces that vary from source to downstream regions or between seasons, and local/temporal variation in fitness maxima can result in gradual spatio-temporal variation of phenotypic traits. This study aimed at establishing freshwater amphipods as future model organisms to study adaptive phenotypic diversification (evolutionary divergence and/or adaptive plasticity) along stream gradients. Methods We collected Gammarus roeselii from 16 sampling sites in the Rhine catchment during two consecutive seasons (summer and winter). Altogether, we dissected n = 1648 individuals and quantified key parameters related to morphological and life-history diversification, including naturally selected (e.g., gill surface areas) as well as primarily sexually selected traits (e.g., male antennae). Acknowledging the complexity of selective regimes in streams and the interrelated nature of selection factors, we assessed several abiotic (e.g., temperature, flow velocity) and biotic ecological parameters (e.g., conspecific densities, sex ratios) and condensed them into four principal components (PCs). Results Generalized least squares models revealed pronounced phenotypic differentiation in most of the traits investigated herein, and components of the stream gradient (PCs) explained parts of the observed differences. Depending on the trait under investigation, phenotypic differentiation could be ascribed to variation in abiotic conditions, anthropogenic disturbance (influx of thermally polluted water), or population parameters. For example, female fecundity showed altitudinal variation and decreased with increasing conspecific densities, while sexual dimorphism in the length of male antennae—used for mate finding and assessment—increased with increasing population densities and towards female-biased sex ratios. Conclusions We provide a comprehensive protocol for comparative analyses of intraspecific variation in life history traits in amphipods. Whether the observed phenotypic differentiation over small geographical distances reflects evolutionary divergence or plasticity (or both) remains to be investigated in future studies. Independent of the mechanisms involved, variation in several traits is likely to have consequences for ecosystem functions. For example, leaf-shredding in G. roeselii strongly depends on body size, which varied in dependence of several ecological parameters. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12983-019-0327-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jourdan
- 1Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Piro
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Alexander Weigand
- National Museum of Natural History Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Martin Plath
- 4College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China.,5Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rödin‐Mörch P, Luquet E, Meyer‐Lucht Y, Richter‐Boix A, Höglund J, Laurila A. Latitudinal divergence in a widespread amphibian: Contrasting patterns of neutral and adaptive genomic variation. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2996-3011. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Rödin‐Mörch
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Emilien Luquet
- CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 LEHNA Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne France
| | - Yvonne Meyer‐Lucht
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Alex Richter‐Boix
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jacob Höglund
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meyer‐Lucht Y, Luquet E, Jóhannesdóttir F, Rödin‐Mörch P, Quintela M, Richter‐Boix A, Höglund J, Laurila A. Genetic basis of amphibian larval development along a latitudinal gradient: Gene diversity, selection and links with phenotypic variation in transcription factor
C/EBP‐1. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2786-2801. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Meyer‐Lucht
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Emilien Luquet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés Université Lyon 1 Villeurbanne France
| | - Fríða Jóhannesdóttir
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Patrik Rödin‐Mörch
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - María Quintela
- Department of Population Genetics Institute of Marine Research Bergen Norway
| | - Alex Richter‐Boix
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jacob Höglund
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Luquet E, Rödin Mörch P, Cortázar‐Chinarro M, Meyer‐Lucht Y, Höglund J, Laurila A. Post‐glacial colonization routes coincide with a life‐history breakpoint along a latitudinal gradient. J Evol Biol 2019; 32:356-368. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilien Luquet
- Univ LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEUMR5023 LEHNA Villeurbanne France
| | - Patrik Rödin Mörch
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Maria Cortázar‐Chinarro
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Yvonne Meyer‐Lucht
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jacob Höglund
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anssi Laurila
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Palomar G, Vasemägi A, Ahmad F, Nicieza AG, Cano JM. Mapping of quantitative trait loci for life history traits segregating within common frog populations. Heredity (Edinb) 2019; 122:800-808. [PMID: 30631147 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-018-0175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of complex traits is often shaped by adaptive divergence. However, very little is known about the number, effect size, and location of the genomic regions influencing the variation of these traits in natural populations. Based on a dense linkage map of the common frog, Rana temporaria, we have localized, for the first time in amphibians, three significant and nine suggestive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for metabolic rate, growth rate, development time, and weight at metamorphosis, explaining 5.6-18.9% of the overall phenotypic variation in each trait. We also found a potential pleiotropic QTL between development time and size at metamorphosis that, if confirmed, might underlie the previously reported genetic correlation between these traits. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the genetic variation linked to fitness-related larval traits segregates within Rana temporaria populations. This study provides the first insight into the genomic regions that affect larval life history traits in anurans, providing a valuable resource to delve further into the genomic basis of evolutionary change in amphibians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Palomar
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO-CSIC-PA), 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain. .,Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. .,Molecular and Behavioral Ecology Group, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anti Vasemägi
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 17893, Drottningholm, Sweden
| | - Freed Ahmad
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Alfredo G Nicieza
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO-CSIC-PA), 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain.,Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cano
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO-CSIC-PA), 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain.,Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Robertson JM, Murphy MA, Pearl CA, Adams MJ, Páez-Vacas MI, Haig SM, Pilliod DS, Storfer A, Funk WC. Regional variation in drivers of connectivity for two frog species (Rana pretiosa and R. luteiventris) from the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:3242-3256. [PMID: 30010212 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Comparative landscape genetics has uncovered high levels of variability in which landscape factors affect connectivity among species and regions. However, the relative importance of species traits versus environmental variation for predicting landscape patterns of connectivity is unresolved. We provide evidence from a landscape genetics study of two sister taxa of frogs, the Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) and the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) in Oregon and Idaho, USA. Rana pretiosa is relatively more dependent on moisture for dispersal than R. luteiventris, so if species traits influence connectivity, we predicted that connectivity among R. pretiosa populations would be more positively associated with moisture than R. luteiventris. However, if environmental differences are important drivers of gene flow, we predicted that connectivity would be more positively related to moisture in arid regions. We tested these predictions using eight microsatellite loci and gravity models in two R. pretiosa regions and four R. luteiventris regions (n = 1,168 frogs). In R. pretiosa, but not R. luteiventris, connectivity was positively related to mean annual precipitation, supporting our first prediction. In contrast, connectivity was not more positively related to moisture in more arid regions. Various temperature metrics were important predictors for both species and in all regions, but the directionality of their effects varied. Therefore, the pattern of variation in drivers of connectivity was consistent with predictions based on species traits rather than on environmental variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie A Murphy
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Christopher A Pearl
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Michael J Adams
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Mónica I Páez-Vacas
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito, Ecuador
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Susan M Haig
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - David S Pilliod
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Andrew Storfer
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - W Chris Funk
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ramírez‐Valiente JA, Deacon NJ, Etterson J, Center A, Sparks JP, Sparks KL, Longwell T, Pilz G, Cavender‐Bares J. Natural selection and neutral evolutionary processes contribute to genetic divergence in leaf traits across a precipitation gradient in the tropical oak
Quercus oleoides. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2176-2192. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas J. Deacon
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA
| | - Julie Etterson
- Department of Biology University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN USA
| | - Alyson Center
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA
- Department of Biology Normandale Community College Bloomington MN USA
| | - Jed P. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Kimberlee L. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | | | - George Pilz
- Herbarium Paul C. Standley Escuela Agricola Panamericana Tegucigalpa Honduras
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
O'Neill EM, Beard KH, Fox CW. Body Size and Life History Traits in Native and Introduced Populations of Coqui Frogs. COPEIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-17-642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Miramontes-Sequeiros LC, Palanca-Castán N, Caamaño-Chinchilla L, Palanca-Soler A. The phenotypic variability in Rana temporaria decreases in response to drying habitats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:538-543. [PMID: 28865271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the diversity of skin coloration as a proxy for phenotypic diversity. The European common frog (Rana temporaria) populations from the Southern slope of central Pyrenees lie at the limit of the species distribution in latitude and altitude. We analysed the relationship of skin color typology with different environmental variables and found a large decrease in skin type variety in frogs developing in temporary water bodies when compared to those developing in permanent water bodies. Our results show that our method can be used as a non-invasive way to study phenotypic diversity and suggest that adaptation to an early metamorphosis in a rapidly-drying habitat can have negative effects on adult phenotypic diversity. In light of these results, we argue that access to permanent water bodies is important to prevent loss of diversity in anuran populations and reduce their vulnerability to environmental impacts as well as pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolás Palanca-Castán
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Neuroscience of Circuits and Systems laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Laura Caamaño-Chinchilla
- Laboratorio de Anatomía Animal, Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonio Palanca-Soler
- Laboratorio de Anatomía Animal, Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Heredia-Bobadilla RL, Monroy-Vilchis O, Zarco-González MM, Martínez-Gómez D, Mendoza-Martínez GD, Sunny A. Genetic variability and structure of an isolated population of Ambystoma altamirani, a mole salamander that lives in the mountains of one of the largest urban areas in the world. J Genet 2018; 96:873-883. [PMID: 29321345 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-017-0823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amphibians are globally threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation; species within the order Ambystoma are not the exception, as there are 18 species of mole salamanders in México, of which 16 are endemic and all species are under some national or international status of protection. The mole salamander, Ambystoma altamirani is a microendemic species, which is distributed in central México, within the trans-Mexican volcanic belt, and is one of the most threatened species due to habitat destruction and the introduction of exotic species. Nine microsatellite markers were used to determine the genetic structure, genetic variability, effective population size, presence of bottlenecks and inbreeding coefficient of one population of A. altamirani to generate information which might help to protect and conserve this threatened species. We found two genetic subpopulations with significant level of genetic structure (FST = 0.005) and high levels of genetic variability (Ho = 0.883; He = 0.621); we also found a small population size (Ne = 8.8), the presence of historical (M = 0.486) and recent bottlenecks under IAM and TPM models, with a low, but significant coefficient of inbreeding (FIS = -0.451). This information will help us to raise conservation strategies of this microendemic mole salamander species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa-Laura Heredia-Bobadilla
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto literario # 100, Colonia Centro, CP 50000 Toluca, Estado de México, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pan T, Yan P, Yang M, Wang H, Ali I, Ayub M, Zhang JH, Wang JJ, Li E, Xue H, Zhang BW, Wu XB. Genetic differentiation of regional populations of the widespread Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans), as revealed by development of novel microsatellite markers. AUST J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/zo18059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal is a key component of a species’ life history, by influencing population persistence, genetic structure, adaptation and maintenance of genetic diversity. The Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans) is a widespread species in east Asia. However, we still have no knowledge of what kind of geographical scale equates to genetic differentiation within B. gargarizans. In this study, the population genetics of B. gargarizans was studied at five localities, with the Yangtze River running through the sampling area, in order to detect the level of genetic differentiation and the natural barriers to the species’ dispersal on a small geographic scale, by means of the development and use of novel microsatellite loci. These markers revealed a relatively high level of genetic diversity. Distinct genetic structure among populations in B. gargarizans was observed, as described by genetic distance, AMOVA, PCA and Geneland results. A weak but significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance. The combination of these findings suggests that the Yangtze River and geographic distance may act as effective barriers for B. gargarizans. These results serve as benchmark data for understanding the impacts of dispersal barriers and continued landscape research on B. gargarizans.
Collapse
|
20
|
Advancing Understanding of Amphibian Evolution, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation with Massively Parallel Sequencing. POPULATION GENOMICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2018_61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
21
|
Eckerström‐Liedholm S, Sowersby W, Gonzalez‐Voyer A, Rogell B. Time‐limited environments affect the evolution of egg–body size allometry. Evolution 2017; 71:1900-1910. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Will Sowersby
- Department of ZoologyStockholm University Stockholm 114 18 Sweden
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez‐Voyer
- Department of ZoologyStockholm University Stockholm 114 18 Sweden
- Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado Postal 70–275, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Cd México Mexico
| | - Björn Rogell
- Department of ZoologyStockholm University Stockholm 114 18 Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Small-scale spatial and temporal variation of life-history traits of common frogs (Rana temporaria) in sub-Arctic Finland. Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
23
|
Dettman JR, Jacobson DJ, Taylor JW. Multilocus sequence data reveal extensive phylogenetic species diversity within the Neurospora discreta complex. Mycologia 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John W. Taylor
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shared and unique patterns of phenotypic diversification along a stream gradient in two congeneric species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38971. [PMID: 27982114 PMCID: PMC5159898 DOI: 10.1038/srep38971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stream ecosystems show gradual variation of various selection factors, which can result in a zonation of species distributions and gradient evolution of morphological and life-history traits within species. Identifying the selective agents underlying such phenotypic evolution is challenging as different species could show shared and/or unique (species-specific) responses to components of the river gradient. We studied a stream gradient inhabited by two mosquitofishes (genus Gambusia) in the Río Grijalva basin in southern Mexico and found a patchy distribution pattern of both congeners along a stretch of 100 km, whereby one species was usually dominant at a given site. We uncovered both shared and unique patterns of diversification: some components of the stream gradient, including differences in piscine predation pressure, drove shared patterns of phenotypic divergence, especially in females. Other components of the gradient, particularly abiotic factors (max. annual temperature and temperature range) resulted in unique patterns of divergence, especially in males. Our study highlights the complexity of selective regimes in stream ecosystems. It exemplifies that even closely related, congeneric species can respond in unique ways to the same components of the river gradient and shows how both sexes can exhibit quite different patterns of divergence in multivariate phenotypic character suites.
Collapse
|
25
|
Yu TL, Han YT, Zhang SP. Plasticity in metamorphic traits of Rana kukunoris tadpoles: The interactive effects of food level and rearing temperature. RUSS J ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413616050131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
26
|
Guo B, Lu D, Liao WB, Merilä J. Genomewide scan for adaptive differentiation along altitudinal gradient in the Andrew's toadBufo andrewsi. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:3884-900. [PMID: 27289071 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Guo
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit; Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 65 Helsinki FI-00014 Finland
| | - Di Lu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education); China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Wen Bo Liao
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education); China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit; Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 65 Helsinki FI-00014 Finland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Côte J, Roussel JM, Le Cam S, Guillaume F, Evanno G. Adaptive divergence in embryonic thermal plasticity among Atlantic salmon populations. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:1593-601. [PMID: 27177256 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the context of global changes, the long-term viability of populations of endangered ectotherms may depend on their adaptive potential and ability to cope with temperature variations. We measured responses of Atlantic salmon embryos from four populations to temperature variations and used a QST -FST approach to study the adaptive divergence among these populations. Embryos were reared under two experimental conditions: a low temperature regime at 4 °C until eyed-stage and 10 °C until the end of embryonic development and a high temperature regime with a constant temperature of 10 °C throughout embryonic development. Significant variations among populations and population × temperature interactions were observed for embryo survival, incubation time and length. QST was higher than FST in all but one comparison suggesting an important effect of divergent selection. QST was also higher under the high-temperature treatment than at low temperature for length and survival due to a higher variance among populations under the stressful warmer treatment. Interestingly, heritability was lower for survival under high temperature in relation to a lower additive genetic variance under that treatment. Overall, these results reveal an adaptive divergence in thermal plasticity in embryonic life stages of Atlantic salmon suggesting that salmon populations may differentially respond to temperature variations induced by climate change. These results also suggest that changes in temperature may alter not only the adaptive potential of natural populations but also the selection regimes among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Côte
- INRA, UMR 985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR ESE, Rennes, France.,UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - J-M Roussel
- INRA, UMR 985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR ESE, Rennes, France
| | - S Le Cam
- INRA, UMR 985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR ESE, Rennes, France
| | - F Guillaume
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - G Evanno
- INRA, UMR 985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR ESE, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Volis S, Ormanbekova D, Shulgina I. Role of selection and gene flow in population differentiation at the edge vs. interior of the species range differing in climatic conditions. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:1449-64. [PMID: 26841244 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the relative importance of neutral and adaptive processes as determinants of population differentiation across environments is a central theme of evolutionary biology. We applied the QST-FST comparison flanked by a direct test for local adaptation to infer the role of climate-driven selection and gene flow in population differentiation of an annual grass Avena sterilis in two distinct parts of the species range, edge and interior, which represent two globally different climates, desert and Mediterranean. In a multiyear reciprocal transplant experiment, the plants of desert and Mediterranean origin demonstrated home advantage, and population differentiation in several phenotypic traits related to reproduction exceeded neutral predictions, as determined by comparisons of QST values with theoretical FST distributions. Thus, variation in these traits likely resulted from local adaptation to desert and Mediterranean environments. The two separate common garden experiments conducted with different experimental design revealed that two population comparisons, in contrast to multi-population comparisons, are likely to detect population differences in virtually every trait, but many of these differences reflect effects of local rather than regional environment. We detected a general reduction in neutral (SSR) genetic variation but not in adaptive quantitative trait variation in peripheral desert as compared with Mediterranean core populations. On the other hand, the molecular data indicated intensive gene flow from the Mediterranean core towards desert periphery. Although species range position in our study (edge vs. interior) was confounded with climate (desert vs. Mediterranean), the results suggest that the gene flow from the species core does not have negative consequences for either performance of the peripheral plants or their adaptive potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Volis
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - D Ormanbekova
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - I Shulgina
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ortego J, García-Navas V, Noguerales V, Cordero PJ. Discordant patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in five grasshopper species codistributed across a microreserve network. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:5796-812. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Ortego
- Department of Integrative Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana; EBD-CSIC; Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n E-41092 Seville Spain
| | - Vicente García-Navas
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Víctor Noguerales
- Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos - IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM); Ronda de Toledo s/n E-13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Pedro J. Cordero
- Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos - IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM); Ronda de Toledo s/n E-13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sniegula S, Golab MJ, Drobniak SM, Johansson F. Seasonal time constraints reduce genetic variation in life-history traits along a latitudinal gradient. J Anim Ecol 2015; 85:187-98. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Sniegula
- Department of Ecosystem Conservation; Institute of Nature Conservation; Polish Academy of Sciences; al. Mickiewicza 33 31-120 Cracow Poland
| | - Maria J. Golab
- Department of Ecosystem Conservation; Institute of Nature Conservation; Polish Academy of Sciences; al. Mickiewicza 33 31-120 Cracow Poland
| | - Szymon M. Drobniak
- Population Ecology Group; Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 7 30-387 Cracow Poland
| | - Frank Johansson
- Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; SE-751 05 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liess A, Guo J, Lind MI, Rowe O. Cool tadpoles from Arctic environments waste fewer nutrients - high gross growth efficiencies lead to low consumer-mediated nutrient recycling in the North. J Anim Ecol 2015; 84:1744-56. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Liess
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Umeå University; 901 87 Umeå Sweden
| | - Junwen Guo
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Umeå University; 901 87 Umeå Sweden
| | - Martin I. Lind
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen 18D 752 36 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Owen Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Umeå University; 901 87 Umeå Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ursenbacher S, Guillon M, Cubizolle H, Dupoué A, Blouin-Demers G, Lourdais O. Postglacial recolonization in a cold climate specialist in western Europe: patterns of genetic diversity in the adder (Vipera berus) support the central-marginal hypothesis. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3639-51. [PMID: 26053307 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impact of postglacial recolonization on genetic diversity is essential in explaining current patterns of genetic variation. The central-marginal hypothesis (CMH) predicts a reduction in genetic diversity from the core of the distribution to peripheral populations, as well as reduced connectivity between peripheral populations. While the CMH has received considerable empirical support, its broad applicability is still debated and alternative hypotheses predict different spatial patterns of genetic diversity. Using microsatellite markers, we analysed the genetic diversity of the adder (Vipera berus) in western Europe to reconstruct postglacial recolonization. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analyses suggested a postglacial recolonization from two routes: a western route from the Atlantic Coast up to Belgium and a central route from the Massif Central to the Alps. This cold-adapted species likely used two isolated glacial refugia in southern France, in permafrost-free areas during the last glacial maximum. Adder populations further from putative glacial refugia had lower genetic diversity and reduced connectivity; therefore, our results support the predictions of the CMH. Our study also illustrates the utility of highly variable nuclear markers, such as microsatellites, and ABC to test competing recolonization hypotheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ursenbacher
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Section of Conservation Biology, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, Basel, 4056, Switzerland
| | - Michaël Guillon
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, 79360, France.,Université de Poitiers, 40 Avenue du Recteur Pineau, Poitiers, 86022, France
| | - Hervé Cubizolle
- Université de Lyon, EVS-ISTHME UMR 5600 CNRS, 6 rue Basse des Rives, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, 42023, France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, 79360, France
| | | | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, 79360, France.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4501, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rausher MD, Delph LF. Commentary: When does understanding phenotypic evolution require identification of the underlying genes? Evolution 2015; 69:1655-64. [PMID: 25973520 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive evolution is fundamentally a genetic process. Over the past three decades, characterizing the genes underlying adaptive phenotypic change has revealed many important aspects of evolutionary change. At the same time, natural selection is often fundamentally an ecological process that can often be studied without identifying the genes underlying the variation on which it acts. This duality has given rise to disagreement about whether, and under what circumstances, it is necessary to identify specific genes associated with phenotypic change. This issue is of practical concern, especially for researchers who study nonmodel organisms, because of the often enormous cost and labor required to "go for the genes." We here consider a number of situations and questions commonly addressed by researchers. Our conclusion is that although gene identification can be crucial for answering some questions, there are others for which definitive answers can be obtained without finding underlying genes. It should thus not be assumed that considerations of "empirical completeness" dictate that gene identification is always desirable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Rausher
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, North Carolina, 27708.
| | - Lynda F Delph
- Department of Biology, 1001 East Third Street, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang X, Liu D, Wang D, Shi X, Simon JC. Molecular and quantitative genetic differentiation in Sitobion avenae populations from both sides of the Qinling Mountains. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122343. [PMID: 25822721 PMCID: PMC4379161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative trait differences are often assumed to be correlated with molecular variation, but the relationship is not certain, and empirical evidence is still scarce. To address this issue, we sampled six populations of the cereal aphid Sitobion avenae from areas north and south of the Qinling Mountains, and characterized their molecular variation at seven microsatellite loci and quantitative variation at nine life-history traits. Our results demonstrated that southern populations had slightly longer developmental times of nymphs but much higher lifetime fecundity, compared to northern populations. Of the nine tested quantitative characters, eight differed significantly among populations within regions, as well as between northern and southern regions. Genetic differentiation in neutral markers was likely to have been caused by founder events and drift. Increased subdivision for quantitative characters was found in northern populations, but reduced in southern populations. This phenomenon was not found for molecular characters, suggesting the decoupling between molecular and quantitative variation. The pattern of relationships between FST and QST indicated divergent selection and suggested that local adaptation play a role in the differentiation of life-history traits in tested S. avenae populations, particularly in those traits closely related to reproduction. The main role of natural selection over genetic drift was also supported by strong structural differences in G-matrices among S. avenae populations. However, cluster analyses did not result in two groups corresponding to northern and southern regions. Genetic differentiation between northern and southern populations in neutral markers was low, indicating considerable gene flow between them. The relationship between molecular and quantitative variation, as well as its implications for differentiation and evolution of S. avenae populations, was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Deguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Da Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Department of Foreign Languages, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jean-Christophe Simon
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 1349, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Domaine de la Motte, Le Rheu, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ludwig G, Sinsch U, Pelster B. Behavioural adaptations of Rana temporaria to cold climates. J Therm Biol 2015; 49-50:82-90. [PMID: 25774030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental conditions at the edge of a species' ecological optimum can exert great ecological or evolutionary pressure at local populations. For ectotherms like amphibians temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors of their environment as it influences directly their metabolism and sets limits to their distribution. Amphibians have evolved three ways to cope with sub-zero temperatures: freeze tolerance, freeze protection, freeze avoidance. The aim of this study was to assess which strategy common frogs at mid and high elevation use to survive and thrive in cold climates. In particular we (1) tested for the presence of physiological freeze protection, (2) evaluated autumnal activity and overwintering behaviour with respect to freeze avoidance and (3) assessed the importance of different high-elevation microhabitats for behavioural thermoregulation. Common frogs did not exhibit any signs of freeze protection when experiencing temperatures around 0 °C. Instead they retreated to open water for protection and overwintering. High elevation common frogs remained active for around the same period of time than their conspecifics at lower elevation. Our results suggest that at mid and high elevation common frogs use freeze avoidance alone to survive temperatures below 0 °C. The availability of warm microhabitats, such as rock or pasture, provides high elevation frogs with the opportunity of behavioural thermoregulation and thus allows them to remain active at temperatures at which common frogs at lower elevation cease activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Ludwig
- Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Ulrich Sinsch
- Institute of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Universitätsstraße 1, D-56070 Koblenz, Germany.
| | - Bernd Pelster
- Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yu T, Pang R, Chen K. Plasticity in metamorphic traits of Chinese brown frog (Rana chensinensis) tadpoles: the interactive effects of food level and rearing temperature. ANIM BIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1163/15707563-00002473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Larval amphibians are especially likely to encounter variation in temperature and resource availability because they live in a variety of aquatic habitats. In this study, plasticity in growth rates, survivorship, age and size at metamorphosis were examined in the Chinese brown frog (Rana chensinensis) under different combinations of rearing temperature and food level. Tadpoles reared at 23.2°C had larger mass at metamorphosis and a longer larval period than tadpoles reared at 25.3 and 28.1°C. High food level shortened the larval period and produced a larger size at metamorphosis. The interaction of rearing temperature and food level significantly influenced the growth and survival of Chinese brown frog tadpoles. At a low food level, tadpoles reared at 23.2°C displayed faster growth than tadpoles reared at the higher temperatures, and tadpoles had lower survival at 28.1°C than at the lower temperatures. Therefore, global warming or local manipulations of the environment could limit growth and development of Chinese brown frog tadpoles, resulting in low survival, but food availability may mediate effects of temperature. We suggest that Chinese brown frog tadpoles prefer cool a temperature and high food level for longer larval periods to capitalize on the opportunity of entering the terrestrial habitat with a larger body size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lei Yu
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, SD 464000, China
| | - Rui Hua Pang
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, SD 464000, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, SD 464000, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Antoniazza S, Kanitz R, Neuenschwander S, Burri R, Gaigher A, Roulin A, Goudet J. Natural selection in a postglacial range expansion: the case of the colour cline in the European barn owl. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:5508-23. [PMID: 25294501 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gradients of variation--or clines--have always intrigued biologists. Classically, they have been interpreted as the outcomes of antagonistic interactions between selection and gene flow. Alternatively, clines may also establish neutrally with isolation by distance (IBD) or secondary contact between previously isolated populations. The relative importance of natural selection and these two neutral processes in the establishment of clinal variation can be tested by comparing genetic differentiation at neutral genetic markers and at the studied trait. A third neutral process, surfing of a newly arisen mutation during the colonization of a new habitat, is more difficult to test. Here, we designed a spatially explicit approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) simulation framework to evaluate whether the strong cline in the genetically based reddish coloration observed in the European barn owl (Tyto alba) arose as a by-product of a range expansion or whether selection has to be invoked to explain this colour cline, for which we have previously ruled out the actions of IBD or secondary contact. Using ABC simulations and genetic data on 390 individuals from 20 locations genotyped at 22 microsatellites loci, we first determined how barn owls colonized Europe after the last glaciation. Using these results in new simulations on the evolution of the colour phenotype, and assuming various genetic architectures for the colour trait, we demonstrate that the observed colour cline cannot be due to the surfing of a neutral mutation. Taking advantage of spatially explicit ABC, which proved to be a powerful method to disentangle the respective roles of selection and drift in range expansions, we conclude that the formation of the colour cline observed in the barn owl must be due to natural selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Antoniazza
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bouétard A, Côte J, Besnard AL, Collinet M, Coutellec MA. Environmental versus anthropogenic effects on population adaptive divergence in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106670. [PMID: 25207985 PMCID: PMC4160221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated pesticide contaminations of lentic freshwater systems located within agricultural landscapes may affect population evolution in non-target organisms, especially in species with a fully aquatic life cycle and low dispersal ability. The issue of evolutionary impact of pollutants is therefore conceptually important for ecotoxicologists. The impact of historical exposure to pesticides on genetic divergence was investigated in the freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis, using a set of 14 populations from contrasted environments in terms of pesticide and other anthropogenic pressures. The hypothesis of population adaptive divergence was tested on 11 life-history traits, using Q(ST)-F(ST) comparisons. Despite strong neutral differentiation (mean F(ST) = 0.291), five adult traits or parameters were found to be under divergent selection. Conversely, two early expressed traits showed a pattern consistent with uniform selection or trait canalization, and four adult traits appeared to evolve neutrally. Divergent selection patterns were mostly consistent with a habitat effect, opposing pond to ditch and channel populations. Comparatively, pesticide and other human pressures had little correspondence with evolutionary patterns, despite hatching rate impairment associated with global anthropogenic pressure. Globally, analyses revealed high genetic variation both at neutral markers and fitness-related traits in a species used as model in ecotoxicology, providing empirical support for the need to account for genetic and evolutionary components of population response in ecological risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bouétard
- INRA, UMR 0985 ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, CS84215, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jessica Côte
- INRA, UMR 0985 ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, CS84215, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Anne-Laure Besnard
- INRA, UMR 0985 ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, CS84215, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marc Collinet
- INRA, UMR 0985 ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, CS84215, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Coutellec
- INRA, UMR 0985 ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRA – Agrocampus Ouest, CS84215, Rennes Cedex, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang YH, Zhao YY, Li XY, Li XC. Evolutionary history and population genetic structure of the endemic tree frogHyla tsinlingensis(Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae) inferred from mitochondrial gene analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 27:1348-57. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.947580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
40
|
Within-river gene flow in the hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) and implications for restorative release. CONSERV GENET 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-014-0591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
41
|
Phenotypic divergence of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient: evidence for local adaptation. Heredity (Edinb) 2014; 114:69-79. [PMID: 25074572 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2014.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in the environment can induce different patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation among populations. Both neutral processes and selection can influence phenotypic differentiation. Altitudinal phenotypic variation is of particular interest in disentangling the interplay between neutral processes and selection in the dynamics of local adaptation processes but remains little explored. We conducted a common garden experiment to study the phenotypic divergence in larval life-history traits among nine populations of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient in France. We further used correlation among population pairwise estimates of quantitative trait (QST) and neutral genetic divergence (FST from neutral microsatellite markers), as well as altitudinal difference, to estimate the relative role of divergent selection and neutral genetic processes in phenotypic divergence. We provided evidence for a neutral genetic differentiation resulting from both isolation by distance and difference in altitude. We found evidence for phenotypic divergence along the altitudinal gradient (faster development, lower growth rate and smaller metamorphic size). The correlation between pairwise QSTs-FSTs and altitude differences suggested that this phenotypic differentiation was most likely driven by altitude-mediated selection rather than by neutral genetic processes. Moreover, we found different divergence patterns for larval traits, suggesting that different selective agents may act on these traits and/or selection on one trait may constrain the evolution on another through genetic correlation. Our study highlighted the need to design more integrative studies on the common toad to unravel the underlying processes of phenotypic divergence and its selective agents in the context of environmental clines.
Collapse
|
42
|
Muir AP, Biek R, Thomas R, Mable BK. Local adaptation with high gene flow: temperature parameters drive adaptation to altitude in the common frog (Rana temporaria). Mol Ecol 2014; 23:561-74. [PMID: 24330274 PMCID: PMC4285318 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Both environmental and genetic influences can result in phenotypic variation. Quantifying the relative contributions of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity to phenotypes is key to understanding the effect of environmental variation on populations. Identifying the selective pressures that drive divergence is an important, but often lacking, next step. High gene flow between high- and low-altitude common frog (Rana temporaria) breeding sites has previously been demonstrated in Scotland. The aim of this study was to assess whether local adaptation occurs in the face of high gene flow and to identify potential environmental selection pressures that drive adaptation. Phenotypic variation in larval traits was quantified in R. temporaria from paired high- and low-altitude sites using three common temperature treatments. Local adaptation was assessed using Q(ST)-F(ST) analyses, and quantitative phenotypic divergence was related to environmental parameters using Mantel tests. Although evidence of local adaptation was found for all traits measured, only variation in larval period and growth rate was consistent with adaptation to altitude. Moreover, this was only evident in the three mountains with the highest high-altitude sites. This variation was correlated with mean summer and winter temperatures, suggesting that temperature parameters are potentially strong selective pressures maintaining local adaptation, despite high gene flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Muir
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Orsini L, Vanoverbeke J, Swillen I, Mergeay J, De Meester L. Drivers of population genetic differentiation in the wild: isolation by dispersal limitation, isolation by adaptation and isolation by colonization. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:5983-99. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Orsini
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; University of Leuven; Ch. Deberiotstraat 32 Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Joost Vanoverbeke
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; University of Leuven; Ch. Deberiotstraat 32 Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Ine Swillen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; University of Leuven; Ch. Deberiotstraat 32 Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Joachim Mergeay
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; University of Leuven; Ch. Deberiotstraat 32 Leuven 3000 Belgium
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest; Gaverstraat 4 Geraardsbergen B-9500 Belgium
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation; University of Leuven; Ch. Deberiotstraat 32 Leuven 3000 Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Molecular phylogeography and population genetic structure of an endangered species Pachyhynobius shangchengensis (hynobiid Salamander) in a fragmented habitat of southeastern China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78064. [PMID: 24205092 PMCID: PMC3799735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The salamander Pachyhynobius shangchengensis (Hynobiidae) is a vulnerable species restricted to a patchy distribution associated with small mountain streams surrounded by forested slopes in the Mount Dabieshan region in southeastern China. However, molecular phylogeography and population genetic structure of P. shangchengensis remain poorly investigated. In this study, we explored the genetic structure and phylogeography of P. shangchengensis based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes. Fifty-one haplotypes and four clades were found among 93 samples. Phylogenetic analyses revealed four deeply divergent and reciprocally monophyletic mtDNA lineages that approximately correspond to four geographic regions separated by complicated topography and long distances. The distinct geographic distributions of all lineages and the estimated divergence time suggest spatial and temporal separation coinciding with climatic changes during the Pleistocene. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that most of the observed genetic variation occurred among the four groups, implying long-term interruption of gene flow, and the possible separation of P. shangchengensis into four management units for conservation.
Collapse
|
45
|
Liess A, Rowe O, Guo J, Thomsson G, Lind MI. Hot tadpoles from cold environments need more nutrients - life history and stoichiometry reflects latitudinal adaptation. J Anim Ecol 2013; 82:1316-25. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Liess
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science; Umeå University; 90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Owen Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science; Umeå University; 90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Junwen Guo
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science; Umeå University; 90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Gustaf Thomsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science; Umeå University; 90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Martin I. Lind
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science; Umeå University; 90187 Umeå Sweden
- Department of Animal and Plant Science; University of Sheffield; Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK
- Animal Ecology; Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; 752 36 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Genetic diversity and structure of an endemic and critically endangered stream river salamander (Caudata: Ambystoma leorae) in Mexico. CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
47
|
Blank L, Luoto M, Merilä J. Potential effects of climate change on the distribution of the common frog Rana temporaria at its northern range margin. Isr J Ecol Evol 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2014.888825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is projected to be particularly strong in northern latitudes, and subarctic species are thus likely to be especially susceptible to the effects of climate warming. We forecast potential effects of climate change on the extent of the suitable habitat of the common frog,Rana temporaria,at the margin of its northern range. We investigated 179 potential breeding sites in subarctic Finland and subjected the data to detailed bioclimate envelope modelling using three state-of-the-art techniques: generalized additive models, maximum entropy and generalized boosting methods. Moreover, we included local environmental factors in the models to investigate whether they improve model performance. Under all tested climate change projections and irrespective of the modelling method, the suitable habitat forR. temporariaincreased in warming climate. The inclusion of local abiotic variables significantly improved the performance of the models. However, June temperature appeared to be the most informative variable in all modelling approaches: a major increase in the extent of suitable habitat occurred when it increased by 1°C. Overall, the modelling results indicate that the distribution of northernR. temporariais likely to be very sensitive to climate warming. The results also highlight the fact that overlooking local abiotic variation can significantly bias bioclimatic modelling results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lior Blank
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, FI-00014 University of Helsinki
| | - Miska Luoto
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, FI-00014 University of Helsink
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, FI-00014 University of Helsinki
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gompert Z, Lucas LK, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Alex Buerkle C, Forister ML. Geographically multifarious phenotypic divergence during speciation. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:595-613. [PMID: 23532669 PMCID: PMC3605849 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Speciation is an important evolutionary process that occurs when barriers to gene flow evolve between previously panmictic populations. Although individual barriers to gene flow have been studied extensively, we know relatively little regarding the number of barriers that isolate species or whether these barriers are polymorphic within species. Herein, we use a series of field and lab experiments to quantify phenotypic divergence and identify possible barriers to gene flow between the butterfly species Lycaeides idas and Lycaeides melissa. We found evidence that L. idas and L. melissa have diverged along multiple phenotypic axes. Specifically, we identified major phenotypic differences in female oviposition preference and diapause initiation, and more moderate divergence in mate preference. Multiple phenotypic differences might operate as barriers to gene flow, as shown by correlations between genetic distance and phenotypic divergence and patterns of phenotypic variation in admixed Lycaeides populations. Although some of these traits differed primarily between species (e.g., diapause initiation), several traits also varied among conspecific populations (e.g., male mate preference and oviposition preference).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Gompert
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming Laramie, Wyoming, 82071 ; Department of Biology, Texas State University San Marcos, Texas, 78666
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zamora-Camacho F, Reguera S, Moreno-Rueda G, Pleguezuelos J. Patterns of seasonal activity in a Mediterranean lizard along a 2200m altitudinal gradient. J Therm Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
50
|
Hübner S, Bdolach E, Ein-Gedy S, Schmid KJ, Korol A, Fridman E. Phenotypic landscapes: phenological patterns in wild and cultivated barley. J Evol Biol 2012; 26:163-74. [PMID: 23176039 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in natural populations is the outcome of the joint effects of environmentally induced adaptations and neutral processes on the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. In this study, we examined the role of adaptation in shaping wild barley phenotypic variation along different environmental gradients. Detailed phenotyping of 164 wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) accessions from Israel (of the Barley1K collection) and 18 cultivated barley (H. vulgare) varieties was conducted in common garden field trials. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic data indicated that wild barley in this region can be differentiated into three ecotypes in accordance with their ecogeographical distribution: north, coast and desert. Population differentiation (Q(ST) ) for each trait was estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian model and compared to neutral differentiation (F(ST) ) based on 42 microsatellite markers. This analysis indicated that the three clusters diverged in morphological but not in reproductive characteristics. To address the issue of phenotypic variation along environmental gradients, climatic and soil gradients were compared with each of the measured traits given the geographical distance between sampling sites using a partial Mantel test. Flowering time and plant growth were found to be differentially correlated with climatic and soil characteristic gradients, respectively. The H. vulgare varieties were superior to the H. spontaneum accessions in yield components, yet resembled the Mediterranean types in vegetative characteristics and flowering time, which may indicate the geographical origin of domesticated barley.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hübner
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|