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Menezes FH, Semedo TBF, Saldanha J, Garbino GST, Fernandes-Ferreira H, Cordeiro-Estrela P, da Costa IR. Phylogenetic relationships, distribution, and conservation of Roosmalens' dwarf porcupine, Coendouroosmalenorum Voss & da Silva, 2001 (Rodentia, Erethizontidae). Zookeys 2023; 1179:139-155. [PMID: 37731537 PMCID: PMC10507447 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1179.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The New World porcupines of the genus Coendou comprise 16 species of arboreal nocturnal rodents. Some of these species are poorly known and have not been included in phylogenetic analyses. Based on recently collected specimens with associated tissue from the Brazilian Amazonia, we investigate the distribution and phylogenetic relationships of Roosmalens' dwarf porcupine, Coendouroosmalenorum, using an integrative approach using mitochondrial gene sequences and morphological data from new specimens and localities. Our results recovered C.roosmalenorum in the subgenus Caaporamys. However, analyses of our molecular and combined datasets produced different topologies. The new record shows the presence of C.roosmalenorum 480 km to the southeast of the Rio Madeira and 95 km away from Rio Juruena in Mato Grosso state, indicating a wider distribution in southern Amazonia than suspected. All known records of C.roosmalenorum are in the Madeira biogeographical province, to which it might be endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Heberson Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60455-760, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Campus I, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago Borges Fernandes Semedo
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Juliane Saldanha
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60455-760, Brazil
- Museu de Zoologia João Moojen, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Conservação de Vertebrados Terrestres (Converte), Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Quixadá, Ceará, 63900-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Campus I, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Itayguara Ribeiro da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60455-760, Brazil
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Leigh KA, Hofweber LN, Sloggett BK, Inman VL, Pettit LJ, Sriram A, Haering R. Outcomes for an arboreal folivore after rehabilitation and implications for management. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6542. [PMID: 37085564 PMCID: PMC10121558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Wildlife rehabilitation is a critical part of animal welfare that contributes to species conservation. Despite the resources that go into rehabilitation, how animals fare after release from care is unknown. This is particularly true for cryptic arboreal species where specialist diets in care and low detectability in the wild present challenges for both care and post-release monitoring. We evaluated post-release outcomes for koalas and assessed if koalas were fed appropriately while in care. We monitored 36 koalas that had experienced one of three categories of medical intervention (none, minor, major) during rehabilitation. We examined the drivers of (i) koala survival and (ii) movements post-release, and (iii) evaluated variation between the species of browse fed in care versus browse selected by koalas in-situ. Overall, the post release survival rate of koalas was 58.5%, with only koalas that received medical intervention experiencing mortality. A critical threshold for mortality occurred at two weeks post-release and mortality was related to the measurable indicators of low body condition and poor climbing ability at time of release. In the month following their release, animals translocated furthest from their capture point moved the furthest. There was poor overlap between the tree species that koalas were fed in care and those they utilized post-release. We provide recommendations to address critical gaps in rehabilitation practices, as well as priorities for monitoring animals post-release to improve outcomes for arboreal folivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie A Leigh
- Science for Wildlife Ltd, PO Box 5, Mount Victoria, NSW, 2786, Australia.
| | - Lacey N Hofweber
- Science for Wildlife Ltd, PO Box 5, Mount Victoria, NSW, 2786, Australia
| | - Brienna K Sloggett
- Science for Wildlife Ltd, PO Box 5, Mount Victoria, NSW, 2786, Australia
| | - Victoria L Inman
- Science for Wildlife Ltd, PO Box 5, Mount Victoria, NSW, 2786, Australia
| | - Lachlan J Pettit
- Science for Wildlife Ltd, PO Box 5, Mount Victoria, NSW, 2786, Australia
| | - Aditi Sriram
- Department of Planning and Environment, National Parks and Wildlife Service, Locked Bag 5022, Parramatta, NSW, 2124, Australia
| | - Ron Haering
- Department of Planning and Environment, National Parks and Wildlife Service, Locked Bag 5022, Parramatta, NSW, 2124, Australia
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Coutant O, Richard-Hansen C, de Thoisy B, Decotte JB, Valentini A, Dejean T, Vigouroux R, Murienne J, Brosse S. Amazonian mammal monitoring using aquatic environmental DNA. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 21:1875-1888. [PMID: 33787010 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as one of the most efficient methods to assess aquatic species presence. While the method can in theory be used to investigate nonaquatic fauna, its development for inventorying semi-aquatic and terrestrial fauna is still at an early stage. Here we investigated the potential of aquatic eDNA metabarcoding for inventorying mammals in Neotropical environments, be they aquatic, semi-aquatic or terrestrial. We collected aquatic eDNA in 96 sites distributed along three Guianese watersheds and compared our inventories to expected species distributions and field observations derived from line transects located throughout French Guiana. Species occurrences and emblematic mammalian fauna richness patterns were consistent with the expected distribution of fauna and our results revealed that aquatic eDNA metabarcoding brings additional data to line transect samples for diurnal nonaquatic (terrestrial and arboreal) species. Aquatic eDNA also provided data on species not detectable in line transect surveys such as semi-aquatic, aquatic and nocturnal terrestrial and arboreal species. Although the application of eDNA to inventory mammals still needs some developments to optimize sampling efficiency, it can now be used as a complement to traditional surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opale Coutant
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, IRD, UPS, (UMR5174) - Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Tony Dejean
- VIGILIFE, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France.,SPYGEN, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Régis Vigouroux
- Laboratoire Environnement de Petit Saut, HYDRECO, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Jérôme Murienne
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, IRD, UPS, (UMR5174) - Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Brosse
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, IRD, UPS, (UMR5174) - Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Swan JL, Carver A, Correa N, Nielsen CK. Wildlife rescue and relocation efforts associated with the Panamá Canal Third Locks Expansion Project. TROPICAL ZOOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1589264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Swan
- Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
- WVDL – Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Lab, 445 Easterday Lane, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew Carver
- Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Nestor Correa
- Asociacion Panamericana para la Conservacion, Colon, Panama
| | - Clayton K. Nielsen
- Department of Forestry and The Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
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Pyke GH, Szabo JK. Conservation and the 4 Rs, which are rescue, rehabilitation, release, and research. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2018; 32:50-59. [PMID: 28328146 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate animals can be injured or threatened with injury through human activities, thus warranting their "rescue." Details of wildlife rescue, rehabilitation, release, and associated research (our 4 Rs) are often recorded in large databases, resulting in a wealth of available information. This information has huge research potential and can contribute to understanding of animal biology, anthropogenic impacts on wildlife, and species conservation. However, such databases have been little used, few studies have evaluated factors influencing success of rehabilitation and/or release, recommended actions to conserve threatened species have rarely arisen, and direct benefits for species conservation are yet to be demonstrated. We therefore recommend that additional research be based on data from rescue, rehabilitation, and release of animals that is broader in scope than previous research and would have community support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H Pyke
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Department of Biology, Macquarie University, Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Judit K Szabo
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
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Lecompte E, Bouanani MA, de Thoisy B, Crouau-Roy B. How do rivers, geographic distance, and dispersal behavior influence genetic structure in two sympatric New World monkeys? Am J Primatol 2017; 79. [PMID: 28346698 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal, one of the major factors affecting the gene flow between populations, shapes the spatial distribution of genetic diversity within species. Alouatta macconnelli and Saguinus midas are two Neotropical monkey species that sympatrically inhabit the Guiana shield in northern Amazonia and are likely to differ in their dispersal behavior and vagility. We took advantage of their sympatry to investigate, over a fine geographical scale (∼50 km long), the relationship between spatial genetic structure, on the one hand, and geographical features and the species' dispersal behavior on the other. A total of 84 A. macconnelli individuals from 25 social units and 76 S. midas individuals from 19 social units were genotyped for nine microsatellite markers. Both species displayed high genetic diversity and allelic richness. However, patterns of genetic structure differed between the two species. In A. macconnelli, no genetic substructuring was observed, while in S. midas we detected significant structuring, but this structuring was not correlated with geographical features, such as the location of individuals relative to the river and/or the distance between them. Instead, the geographical distribution of genetic variation observed for each species is predominantly explained by each species' dispersal pattern. We identified bisexual dispersal for both species, but with significant differences, either in the distance or in the rate of dispersal, between species and sexes. Genetic relatedness within social units was higher in S. midas than in A. macconnelli: gene flow between social units seems limited in S. midas, especially for females, while high dispersal characterizes A. macconnelli, where females seem to disperse at lower rate but at a longer distance than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lecompte
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, ENFA, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohand-Ameziane Bouanani
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, ENFA, Toulouse, France
| | - Benoît de Thoisy
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Brigitte Crouau-Roy
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, ENFA, Toulouse, France
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Dias CAR, Queirogas VL, Pedersoli MA. Translocation and radio-telemetry monitoring of pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea (Spix, 1823), in the Brazilian Amazon. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 75:91-7. [PMID: 25945625 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.07813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two groups of pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea) were rescued along the left bank of the Madeira River during the formation of Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Dam reservoir in the state of Rondônia, Northern Brazil. Reintroduction of both groups occurred in areas of open Tropical rainforest located within the project´s Permanent Preservation Area. A post-release monitoring was conducted for three months using radio-telemetry. Individuals of each group remained together and settled in stable home ranges near their respective release sites. The mortality rate of translocated animals was about 7%. This seems to be the first report documenting the complete group translocation of C. pygmaea and the first to successfully employ radio-telemetry techniques in monitoring this species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of translocation and the use of radio-telemetry in monitoring C. pygmaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A R Dias
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras do Alto São Francisco, Luz, MG, Brazil
| | - V L Queirogas
- Ecológica Soluções Ambientais, Bom Despacho, MG, Brazil
| | - M A Pedersoli
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia e Vertebrados Terrestres, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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8
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Catzeflis F, Thoisy BD. Xenarthrans in French Guiana: A Brief Overview of Their Distribution and Conservation Status. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5537/020.013.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Marques AAB, Schneider M, Alho CJR. Translocation and radiotelemetry monitoring of black-tailed marmosets, Callithrix (Mico) melanura(É. Geoffroy in Humboldt), in a wildlife rescue operation in Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842011000500018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Five black-tailed marmoset Callithrix (Mico) melanura (Primates - Callitrichidae) individuals were monitored by radiotelemetry as part of a project on translocated wildlife affected by flooding the Manso River reservoir in the state of Mato Grosso, western Brazil (14° 52' S and 55° 48' W). The animals were monitored for eight months from October 2000 through August 2001. Only one death was recorded among the translocated animals. Two pairs established their home ranges in the new area, after some exploratory behavior. The new home range sizes varied from 0.72 to 4.27 km². The home ranges of male and female overlapped in the case of both pairs by 0.59 to 2.30 km². Trips were always made in pairs and not individually. The results indicate the feasibility of a successful translocation program for this species, as long as the animals are translocated to a similar habitat nearby.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - CJR. Alho
- Universidade para o Desenvolvimento do Estado e da Região do Pantanal, Brazil
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Meijaard E, Nijman V. The local extinction of the proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus in Pulau Kaget Nature Reserve, Indonesia. ORYX 2009. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe population of the threatened proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus, a Bornean endemic, in the Pulau Kaget Nature Reserve, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, is extinct. Until 1997, this small, isolated population, estimated at c. 300 individuals, had been pushed towards the fringes of the reserve by illegal agricultural expansion. As food sources became depleted, the population apparently exceeded the decreasing carrying capacity of the reserve and was reported to be starving to death. As a solution, 84 animals were translocated to nearby, unprotected sites, resulting in 13 fatalities. An additional 61 animals were taken to a zoo, where 60 per cent died within 4 months of their capture. There was neither a proper pre-translocation assessment of the suitability of the release sites, nor a proper post-translocation monitoring programme for the released animals. We conclude that the Pulau Kaget reserve and its proboscis monkeys have been poorly managed. We provide some suggestions to improve the effectiveness of conservation efforts in Indonesia.
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11
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The local extinction of the proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus in Pulau Kaget Nature Reserve, Indonesia. ORYX 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s003060530003091x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sales-Luís T, Pedroso N, Santos-Reis M. Prey availability and diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on a large reservoir and associated tributaries. CAN J ZOOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/z07-087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (central Portugal, n = 916) and tributaries (n = 412) were analysed to assess diet compared with prey availability. Fish and crayfish abundances in the reservoir were assessed with fyke and trammel nets. Prey availability in the tributaries was estimated by electrofishing. In both the reservoir and its tributaries, fish were the main prey and consisted predominantly of Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758) (60%–65% of occurrences), which is an introduced species of Centrachidae that is abundant in the reservoir but is almost absent in the tributaries. These data suggest that otters using the tributaries feed predominantly in the reservoir. Seasonal dietary variations corresponded to increased availability of nonfish prey categories. Capture vs. consumption analyses demonstrated that otters did not consume L. gibbosus according to its availability. In fact, L. gibbosus was consumed less frequently when other prey species were more available (e.g., amphibians, eels, barbells). The tributaries offer important otter refuge areas that are scarce at the edge of the reservoir, and so, in large reservoirs care should be taken to minimize disturbance in the surrounding catchments. Results indicate that otter populations make use of these conjoint systems to ensure their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Sales-Luís
- Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Biologia Ambiental – Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Ed. C2, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N.M. Pedroso
- Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Biologia Ambiental – Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Ed. C2, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Santos-Reis
- Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Biologia Ambiental – Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Ed. C2, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Life-history traits and sexual dimorphism of the Atlantic forest maned sloth Bradypus torquatus (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae). J Zool (1987) 2005. [DOI: 10.1017/s0952836905007259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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de Thoisy B, Dussart P, Kazanji M. Wild terrestrial rainforest mammals as potential reservoirs for flaviviruses (yellow fever, dengue 2 and St Louis encephalitis viruses) in French Guiana. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2004; 98:409-12. [PMID: 15138077 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2003] [Revised: 11/20/2003] [Accepted: 12/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A serological survey for yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue 2 virus (DENV-2), and St Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) was undertaken using a seroneutralization technique in 27 wild forest mammal species (574 individuals) in French Guiana. Evidence of yellow fever infection was observed in 10 species, with high prevalence recorded in howler monkey (18%) and agouti (20%). Antibodies against DENV-2 and SLEV were found sporadically in various species. This potential host diversity and the range of potential vectors might explain the behaviour of the viruses in epidemic outbreaks and the emergence of periurban loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- B de Thoisy
- Laboratoire de Retrovirologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, B.P. 6010, 97306 Cayenne, French Guiana
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15
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Moreau B, Vié JC, Cotellon P, De Thoisy I, Motard A, Raccurt CP. Hematologic and serum biochemistry values in two species of free-ranging porcupines (Coendou prehensilis, Coendou melanurus) in French Guiana. J Zoo Wildl Med 2003; 34:159-62. [PMID: 12885133 DOI: 10.1638/01-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals of two porcupine species (Coendou prehensilis and Coendou melanurus) were translocated during the flooding of a forest at a hydroelectric dam site in French Guiana. Blood samples were collected for 11 mo to determine hematologic and serum chemistry reference mean values and ranges and to look for blood parasites. Male C. prehensilis had significantly higher hemoglobin levels, packed cell volumes, and creatinine and potassium values than did females of the same species. Coendou prehensilis had significantly lower amylase levels but higher creatinine, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels than C. melanurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Moreau
- Laboratoire Polyvalent, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France
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16
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Carme B, Aznar C, Motard A, Demar M, de Thoisy B. Serologic survey of Toxoplasma gondii in noncarnivorous free-ranging neotropical mammals in French Guiana. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2003; 2:11-7. [PMID: 12656126 DOI: 10.1089/153036602760260733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma infection in wild mammals, particularly noncarnivorous species, and to identify possible sources of infection for humans. A serological study was conducted that included 310 animals representing 10 species of terrestrial mammals from the same region (primary tropical rain forest inhabited by humans). Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed using a direct agglutination test using formalin-treated Toxoplasma gondii. The prevalence of antibodies for toxoplasmosis differed greatly between species and ranged from 0% to 62%. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was zero or very low for tree-dwelling animals, which included sloth, porcupine, and howler monkey. Conversely, the prevalence of infection was 46-62% among granivores, insectivores, and burrowing animals, such as peccary, paca, and armadillo. We conclude that wild mammals in French Guiana constitute a reservoir of T. gondii parasites. Given the absence of domestic cats from the forest, noncarnivorous species may be infected by the ingestion of oocysts that are eliminated into the soil or water in the stools of wild cats and then dispersed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Carme
- Parasitologie-Mycologie (Equipe EA 2188), UFR Medecine (Université des Antilles et de la Guyane) et Centre Hospitalier Général de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana.
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Volney B, Pouliquen JF, De Thoisy B, Fandeur T. A sero-epidemiological study of malaria in human and monkey populations in French Guiana. Acta Trop 2002; 82:11-23. [PMID: 11904099 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a sero-epidemiological study of malaria prevalence in French Guiana. An immunofluorescence assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect antibodies against blood-stage antigens and synthetic peptides mimicking the repetitive epitope of the sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae/brasilianum, in 218 human sera and 113 non-human primate sera collected in French Guiana. Almost all the monkey sera tested had antibodies against malaria blood-stages (98%) and a large majority (73%) also tested positive with the P. malariae/brasilianum circumsporozoite peptide. A number of primate samples also reacted positively with P. falciparum NANP repeats in a very specific manner, suggesting that monkeys in the rainforest are bitten by mosquitoes infected with human malaria parasites. Seroprevalences were lower in the humans tested but Indian tribes on the borders with Suriname and Brazil were clearly more exposed to malaria than other ethnic groups, with a prevalence of nearly 70% seropositivity. P. vivax infections accounted for much of the observed pattern of reactivity, but there was also a high frequency of positive reactions to the P. brasilianum/malariae peptide. Similarly, a large proportion of the sera obtained from Bush Negro populations tested positive for P. malariae/brasilianum repeats. These data add to the emerging evidence that non-human primates might constitute a natural reservoir, not only for simian, but also for human malaria, and therefore suggest that they might be responsible for the maintenance of foci of P. malariae, and possibly of other malaria species, in isolated areas of the Amazonian rainforest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Volney
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur de Guyane, 97306 Cedex, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Taube E, Keravec J, Vie JC, Duplantier JM. Reproductive biology and postnatal development in sloths, Bradypus and Choloepus: review with original data from the field (French Guiana) and from captivity. Mamm Rev 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2907.2001.00085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Vié JC, Richard-Hansen C, Fournier-Chambrillon C. Abundance, use of space, and activity patterns of white-faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) in French Guiana. Am J Primatol 2001; 55:203-21. [PMID: 11748693 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
White-faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) are among the least studied neotropical primates. The combination of shy and quiet behavior, their ability to move silently, and the extreme difficulty of capturing them may explain why very few field studies have been undertaken in undisturbed habitats. During the course of a wildlife rescue in French Guiana, six individuals were captured and translocated to a safe area of primary rainforest. In this area, based on the observation of 35 groups, the average group size was 2.3 animals (SD = 1.2) and a density of 0.28 group/km(2) (0.64 individuals/km(2)) was estimated from transect censuses. Our study focused successively on three radio-collared animals (two males and one female) over a 287-day period, starting from release to the loss of the animal. From the study start, the triangulation method was used prior to habitutation to human presence, followed thereafter by 1,327 hr of visual monitoring. The translocated animals settled down, and two of them had a stable and compact home range. Two of them merged in association with members of the resident population. A resident group had a much larger home range than previously reported: 148 and 287 ha, using grid cells and 100% minimum convex polygon techniques, respectively. A group composed of two translocated individuals (one male and one female) had a home range of 68 and 135 ha using the same techniques. Additionally, two solitary animals used 152 and 162 1-ha quadrats. We observed animals (translocated and residents) moving quickly in one direction up to 11.5 km. The mean daily path length of resident animals was 1,880 m. Sakis used the lower strata of the forest more when in group, and the intermediate strata more when solitary. Allogrooming is fairly common in social groups. On average, the activity period ranged from 7:17 to 15:59 hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Vié
- Programme Faune Sauvage, EDF/CNEH, Savoie Technolac, 73373 Le Bourget du Lac Cédex, France.
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VOSS ROBERTS, DA SILVA MARIANF. Revisionary Notes on Neotropical Porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae). 2. A Review of the Coendou vestitus Group with Descriptions of Two New Species from Amazonia. AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2001. [DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2001)351<0001:rnonpr>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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VOSS ROBERTS, LUNDE DARRINP, SIMMONS NANCYB. THE MAMMALS OF PARACOU, FRENCH GUIANA: A NEOTROPICAL LOWLAND RAINFOREST FAUNA PART 2. NONVOLANT SPECIES. BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2001. [DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2001)263<0003:tmopfg>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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de Thoisy B, Vogel I, Reynes JM, Pouliquen JF, Carme B, Kazanji M, Vié JC. Health evaluation of translocated free-ranging primates in French Guiana. Am J Primatol 2001; 54:1-16. [PMID: 11329164 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Among over 40 mammal species threatened by the filling of a hydroelectric dam reservoir in French Guiana, three species of primates have been translocated, comprising 124 red howler monkeys, six white-faced sakis, and 95 golden-handed tamarins. Health status of the animals was evaluated by direct physical examination and by hematological, biochemical, virological, and parasitological surveys of collected blood. The physical condition of the howlers was slightly worse toward the end of the capture period, but that of sakis and tamarins remained satisfactory. Several ectoparasites (ticks, larvae of dipterous insects, fleas, and lice) were collected, and various wounds, apparently nondebilitating, were recorded in howlers. Hematological and biochemical profiles determined for the three species revealed a slight anemia in howlers. Entamoeba, Strongyloides, and Trypanoxyurus were common in fecal samples of howlers. A survey of blood smears from the three species revealed infection by several types of microfilaria, Trypanosoma rangeli-like and Plasmodium brasilianum in all three, and Trypanosoma cruzi-like in howlers. These infections had no significant impact on the health status or the hematological profiles. Serologic investigations revealed occasional reactions against Toxoplasma gondii, a strong anti-Plasmodium response in the two Cebidae species, and a weaker one in tamarins. Attempts to isolate arbovirus failed, but antibody responses to Mayaro and yellow fever viruses were strong, especially in the howlers. A strong correlation between age and serological status led to a better understanding of the epidemic cycles. Our survey indicates French Guianan primates are reservoirs for several anthropozoonoses, including malaria, Chagas disease, and arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- B de Thoisy
- Programme Faune Sauvage, EDF-CNEH, Savoie-Technolac, Le Bourget du Lac, France.
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de Thoisy B, Michel JC, Vogel I, Vié JC. A survey of hemoparasite infections in free-ranging mammals and reptiles in French Guiana. J Parasitol 2000; 86:1035-40. [PMID: 11128476 DOI: 10.1645/0022-3395(2000)086[1035:asohii]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood smears of 1,353 free-ranging mammals (35 species) and 112 reptiles (31 species) from French Guiana were examined for hemoparasites. Parasites from 3 major groups were recorded: Apicomplexa (including hemogregarines, piroplasms, and Plasmodium spp.), Trypanosomatidae, and Filaroidea. Fifty percent of the individuals (86% of the species) were infected by parasites from at least 1 group. Hemogregarines, identified as Hepatozoon sp., infected numerous snakes with high prevalences (30-100%); infection is reported for the first time in 5 host genera of snakes: Clelia, Oxybelis, Pseustes, Rhinobotryum, and Bothriopsis. Infections were also observed in 4 marsupial species and 1 rodent. Hepatozoon spp. recorded in Didelphis albiventris (Marsupialia) and Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia) may be new species. Plasmodium sp. were observed in 2 snake species, Dipsas indica (Colubridae) and Bothrops atrox (Viperidae). Plasmodium brasilianum was recorded in all 5 primate species examined. Piroplasms were observed in all mammal orders except primates. Large terrestrial rodents were the main hosts of members of the Babesidae; 42% of Myoprocta acouchy, 36% of Dasyprocta agouti, and 44% of Agouti paca were infected. Trypanosomes were common in mammals and were recorded in 70% of the examined genera. Trypanosoma cruzi-like infections were reported in 21 mammal species, including sloths, rodents, carnivores, and primates. Microfilariae were also widespread, with higher prevalences in sloths, anteaters, and porcupines (>40% of the individuals infected) and in tamarins (95% infected). This survey highlights some potential anthropozoonotic risks due to the recent further evidence of Plasmodium brasilianum and P. malariae as a single species and to the increased diversity of hosts for Trypanosoma cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- B de Thoisy
- Service de Primatologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
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Taube E, Vie JC, Fournier P, Genty C, Duplantier JM. Distribution of Two Sympatric Species of Sloths (Choloepus didactylus and Bradypus tridactylus) along the Sinnamary River, French Guiana1. Biotropica 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.1999.tb00418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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