1
|
Blokland SLM, Flessa CM, van Roon JAG, Mavragani CP. Emerging roles for chemokines and cytokines as orchestrators of immunopathology in Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 60:3072-3087. [PMID: 30838419 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In primary SS (pSS), chemokines and cytokines orchestrate immunopathology driven by a complex network of interacting inflammatory cells. In recent years, the importance of chemotactic and non-chemotactic cytokines that control function, movement and placing of all cells within the inflamed exocrine glands and directing immunopathology has become increasingly clear. This paper reviews the current knowledge on chemokines and focuses on the emerging roles of novel chemotactic and non-chemotactic mediators in pSS. It highlights their contribution to pathogenic processes such as B cell hyperactivity and the formation of ectopic lymphoid structures. To this end, the role of acquired (CXCR5/CCR9 Th-cell-mediated) and innate (inflammasome/IL-1/IL-18-mediated) pathways in steering immunopathology is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofie L M Blokland
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christina-Maria Flessa
- Department of Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clio P Mavragani
- Department of Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soyfoo MS, Steinfeld S, Delporte C. Usefulness of mouse models to study the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome. Oral Dis 2007; 13:366-75. [PMID: 17577322 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by ocular and oral dryness as well as systemic manifestations. The immunopathogenesis of SS is complex with different intricate factors. Because of the delay in the appearance of symptoms and due to ethical issues it is very difficult to study the wide array of factors intervening in the pathogenesis of SS in human patients. To circumvent this problem, different animal models have been elaborated for studying the different subsets of the aspects of the physiopathology of this disease. In this review, we focus on the mouse models that have been established to deepen our insight into the immunopathogenesis of SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Soyfoo
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasegawa H, Inoue A, Muraoka M, Yamanouchi J, Miyazaki T, Yasukawa M. Therapy for pneumonitis and sialadenitis by accumulation of CCR2-expressing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in MRL/lpr mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9:R15. [PMID: 17284325 PMCID: PMC1860074 DOI: 10.1186/ar2122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells has been shown to have therapeutic effects in animal models of autoimmune diseases. Chemokines play an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases in animal models and humans. The present study was performed to investigate whether the progression of organ-specific autoimmune diseases could be reduced more markedly by accumulating chemokine receptor-expressing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells efficiently in target organs in MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells (Treg cells) and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ CCR2-transfected T cells (CCR2-Treg cells) were transferred via retro-orbital injection into 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice at the early stage of pneumonitis and sialadenitis, and the pathological changes were evaluated. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 was observed in the lung and submandibular gland of the mice and increased age-dependently. The level of CCR2 expression and MCP-1 chemotactic activity of CCR2-Treg cells were much higher than those of Treg cells. MRL/lpr mice to which CCR2-Treg cells had been transferred showed significantly reduced progression of pneumonitis and sialadenitis in comparison with MRL/lpr mice that had received Treg cells. This was due to more pronounced migration of CCR2-Treg cells and their localization for a longer time in MCP-1-expressing lung and submandibular gland, resulting in stronger suppressive activity. We prepared chemokine receptor-expressing Treg cells and demonstrated their ability to ameliorate disease progression by accumulating in target organs. This method may provide a new therapeutic approach for organ-specific autoimmune diseases in which the target antigens remain undefined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Hasegawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Atsushi Inoue
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masatake Muraoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Jun Yamanouchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Miyazaki
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pathogenomics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Szodoray P, Alex P, Brun JG, Centola M, Jonsson R. Circulating cytokines in primary Sjögren's syndrome determined by a multiplex cytokine array system. Scand J Immunol 2004; 59:592-9. [PMID: 15182255 DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) by initiating and perpetuating various cellular and humoural autoimmune processes. The aim of the present study was to describe a broad spectrum of T-cell and B-cell cytokines, growth factors, chemokines and molecules that could contribute to cell death in SS. A novel protein array system was utilized to measure simultaneously the levels of 25 plasma cytokines of patients with primary SS and healthy individuals. Furthermore, we correlated these plasma cytokine levels with potential laboratory and clinical parameters related to disease activity in SS. A subset of plasma cytokines [e.g. interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-12 p40, IL-15, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), epidermal growth factor, CCL4 (MIP-1beta), CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL11 (Eotaxin), CCL5 (RANTES), TNF-RI and TNF-RII] was found to significantly differ between patients and controls. Also, distinct populations of cytokines were found to differentiate between patients with normal versus elevated ESR or IgG levels and patients with the presence or absence of extra-glandular manifestations (EGMs). Our results support the assumption that the multiplex cytokine array system can be successfully utilized in the diagnosis and disease management of SS. Furthermore, it may provide a powerful tool in the design of individualized anticytokine therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Szodoray
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bodolay E, Koch AE, Kim J, Szegedi G, Szekanecz Z. Angiogenesis and chemokines in rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2002; 6:357-76. [PMID: 12417052 PMCID: PMC6740222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2002.tb00514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels, is important in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. Chemotactic cytokines termed chemokines mediate the ingress of leukocytes, including neutrophils and monocytes into the inflamed synovium. In this review, authors discuss the role of the most important angiogenic factors and angiogenesis inhibitors, as well as relevant chemokines and chemokine receptors involved in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. RA was chosen as a prototype to discuss these issues, as the majority of studies on the role of angiogenesis and chemokines in inflammatory diseases were carried out in arthritis. However, other systemic inflammatory (autoimmune) diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) and systemic vasculites are also discussed in this context. As a number of chemokines may also play a role in neovascularization, this issue is also described here. Apart from discussing the pathogenic role of angiogenesis and chemokines, authors also review the regulation of angiogenesis and chemokine production by other inflammatory mediators, as well as the important relevance of neovascularization and chemokines for antirheumatic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edit Bodolay
- Division of Rheumatology, Third Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Sciences Center, Debrecen, H-4004, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
van Blokland SCA, Versnel MA. Pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome: characteristics of different mouse models for autoimmune exocrinopathy. Clin Immunol 2002; 103:111-24. [PMID: 12027416 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2002.5189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia C A van Blokland
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pilette C, Ouadrhiri Y, Godding V, Vaerman JP, Sibille Y. Lung mucosal immunity: immunoglobulin-A revisited. Eur Respir J 2001; 18:571-88. [PMID: 11589357 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.01.00228801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal defence mechanisms are critical in preventing colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogens and penetration of antigens through the epithelial barrier. Recent research has now illustrated the active contribution of the respiratory epithelium to the exclusion of microbes and particles, but also to the control of the inflammatory and immune responses in the airways and in the alveoli. Epithelial cells also mediate the active transport of polymeric immunoglobulin-A from the lamina propria to the airway lumen through the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. The role of IgA in the defence of mucosal surfaces has now expanded from a limited role of scavenger of exogenous material to a broader protective function with potential applications in immunotherapy. In addition, the recent identification of receptors for IgA on the surface of blood leukocytes and alveolar macrophages provides an additional mechanism of interaction between the cellular and humoral immune systems at the level of the respiratory tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Pilette
- Unit of Experimental Medicine, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|