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Heidemeyer K, May Lee M, Cazzaniga S, Yawalkar N, Naldi L. Palmoplantar Pustulosis: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Therapies. PSORIASIS (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2023; 13:33-58. [PMID: 37772169 PMCID: PMC10522454 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s400402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disease that can occur alone or in association with arthritis. There is still controversy about whether it should be separated from psoriasis or classified as pustular psoriasis. Furthermore, drug-induced paradoxical PPP is a special variant of PPP that differs from classic PPP in several ways. Treatment of PPP is still challenging, and there are a number of treatment-resistant cases. This review summarizes the risk factors for the development of PPP and the currently available treatment modalities. Female sex, smokers or ex-smokers, obesity, thyroid dysfunction, and treatment with a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor have been identified as risk factors for the disease's development, severity, and course. Topical treatments and phototherapy are effective for some patients and are used as a first-line or adjuvant treatment modality. Conventional treatments including retinoids and fumaric acid show good effects and can increase the efficacy of treatment with psoralen + ultraviolet light therapy (PUVA). Ciclosporin is fast acting, but relapse mostly occurs immediately after cessation. TNF-α inhibitors are efficient, and an even better response can be achieved with IL-17 and IL-23 blockers as well as apremilast. The effect of Janus kinase inhibitors seems to be promising according to case reports, but further investigations with larger cohorts are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Heidemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Centro Studi GISED, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco May Lee
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Cazzaniga
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Centro Studi GISED, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Nikhil Yawalkar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Naldi
- Centro Studi GISED, Bergamo, Italy
- Dermatology Department, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
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Peng C, Hu Y, Chen W, Ding Y, Li X, Yu N, Lu J, Shi Y. A randomized prospective study of different dose regimens using the 308-nm excimer laser in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15079. [PMID: 34333826 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate optimal treatment regimen of 308-nm excimer laser for palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP). 77 patients with PPP were randomly assigned to receive low dose (2-fold of MED as initial dose), medium dose (4-fold of MED as initial dose) and high dose group (6-fold of MED as initial dose) and the MED of each patient depended on the ultraviolet light sensitivity of individual's skin which ranged from 0.1 to 0.25 J/cm2 . All group received 308-nm excimer laser treatment three times weekly for 8 weeks. Clinical evaluation based on the Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PP-PASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score. All treatment groups achieved satisfied efficacy at the end of the treatment period with more obvious reduction of PP-PASI score in high dose group (16.05 ± 4.26) than low and medium dose group (23.67 ± 7.16, p < 0.01; 22.04 ± 5.74, p < 0.01). Improvement of DLQI score was greatest at week 4 for all patients in each group, while DLQI improved more quickly in high/medium dose group than low dose group. Adverse effects of erythema, blistering and erosions were more common with the higher dose regimen. High dose of 308-nm excimer laser could achieve a better efficacy in PPP treatment, reduce the severity of the disease in patients and improve the life quality of patients. Meantime, the incidence of adverse reactions should be aware of and it's necessary to evaluate the skin and lesion type before the dose selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfeng Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingzi Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Freitas E, Rodrigues MA, Torres T. Diagnosis, Screening and Treatment of Patients with Palmoplantar Pustulosis (PPP): A Review of Current Practices and Recommendations. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:561-578. [PMID: 32884319 PMCID: PMC7439281 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s240607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a rare, chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease that affects the palms and/or the soles with sterile, erupting pustules, which are debilitating and usually resistant to treatment. It has genetic, histopathologic and clinical features that are not present in psoriasis; thus, it can be classified as a variant of psoriasis or as a separate entity. Smoking and upper respiratory infections have been suggested as main triggers of PPP. PPP is a challenging disease to manage, and the treatment approach involves both topical and systemic therapies, as well as phototherapy and targeted molecules. No gold standard therapy has yet been identified, and none of the treatments are curative. In patients with mild disease, control may be achieved with on-demand occlusion of topical agents. In patients with moderate-to-severe PPP, phototherapy or a classical systemic agent (acitretin being the best treatment option, especially in combination with PUVA) may be effective. Refractory patients or those with contraindications to use these therapies may be good candidates for apremilast or biologic therapy, particularly anti-IL-17A and anti-IL-23 agents. Recent PPP trials are focusing on blockage of IL-36 or IL-1 pathways, which play an important role in innate immunity. Indeed, IL-36 isoforms have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Therefore, blockage of the IL-36 pathway has become a new treatment target in PPP, and three studies are currently evaluating the use of monoclonal antibodies that block the IL-36 receptor in PPP: ANB019 and spesolimab (BI 655130). In this review, we explore the diagnosis, screening and treatment of patients with PPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egídio Freitas
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Tiago Torres
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Misiak-Galazka M, Zozula J, Rudnicka L. Palmoplantar Pustulosis: Recent Advances in Etiopathogenesis and Emerging Treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol 2020; 21:355-370. [PMID: 32008176 PMCID: PMC7275027 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-020-00503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic, recurrent skin disease belonging to the spectrum of psoriasis. It is characterized by an eruption of sterile pustules on the palms and soles. Recent studies in PPP have focused on genetic differences between pustular phenotypes and the role of the innate immunological system and the microbiome in the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Mutations in IL36RN (a major predisposing factor for generalized pustular psoriasis) were found in selected patients with PPP and were associated with earlier disease onset. Studies have shown that the interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-36 pathways might be involved in the pathogenesis of PPP. A microbiome has been demonstrated in the vesicopustules of PPP, and an abundance of Staphylococcus appears to be increased by smoking. Improved understanding of the underlying etiopathogenesis of PPP has led to advances in treatment options, and targeted therapies for PPP have been evaluated or are under evaluation against more than 12 molecules in ongoing clinical trials. These targets include CXCR2 (IL-8 receptor type B), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor, IL-1 receptor, IL-8, IL-12, IL-23, IL-17A, IL-17 receptor, IL-36 receptor, phosphodiesterase-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Zozula
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008, Warsaw, Poland.
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Abstract
Palmoplantar psoriasis refers to a localized psoriasis variant. The disease can be associated with many clinical forms, including predominantly pustular lesions to thick scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques, or an overlapping of both of them. Palmoplantar psoriasis accounts for 3-4% of all psoriasis cases in most studies. Although it is localized only on the palms and the soles, the fissures, the hardening of the tissue, and hyperkeratosis affect daily routine activities. Taking the body surface area as a measure of severity can sometimes be misleading. In clinical practice, the level of functional impairment should be taken into account rather than relying on traditional instruments to evaluate the severity. Palmoplantar psoriasis is usually managed with topical therapy as a first step. Systemic therapy is needed when the topicals fail or when the disease becomes more severe. Sometimes, biologic agents are required for adequate maintenance of clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Engin
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özge Aşkın
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Tüzün
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey
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Raposo I, Torres T. Palmoplantar Psoriasis and Palmoplantar Pustulosis: Current Treatment and Future Prospects. Am J Clin Dermatol 2016; 17:349-58. [PMID: 27113059 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis are chronic skin diseases with a large impact on patient quality of life. They are frequently refractory to treatment, being generally described as a therapeutic challenge. This article aims to review the definitions of palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis, highlighting the similarities and differences in terms of epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetics, histopathology, and pathogenesis, as well as treatment options for both entities. Classical management of mild to moderate palmoplantar pustulosis and palmoplantar psoriasis relies on use of potent topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, and/or acitretin. Nevertheless, these drugs have proven to be insufficient in long-term control of extensive disease. Biologic therapy-namely, anti-interleukin-17 agents and phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitors-has recently shown promising results in the treatment of palmoplantar psoriasis. Knowledge of the pathophysiologic pathways of both entities is of utmost importance and may, in the future, allow development of molecularly targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Raposo
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Edifício das Consultas Externas, Ex-CICAP, Rua D. Manuel II, s/n, 4100, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Torres
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Edifício das Consultas Externas, Ex-CICAP, Rua D. Manuel II, s/n, 4100, Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Reich K, Graff O, Mehta N. Oral alitretinoin treatment in patients with palmoplantar pustulosis inadequately responding to standard topical treatment: a randomized phase
II
study. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:1277-81. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Reich
- SCIderm Clinical Research and Dermatologikum Stephansplatz 5 D‐20354 Hamburg Germany
| | - O. Graff
- Stiefel, a GSK company Uxbridge U.K
| | - N. Mehta
- Stiefel, a GSK company Uxbridge U.K
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Chung J, Callis Duffin K, Takeshita J, Shin DB, Krueger GG, Robertson AD, Troxel AB, Van Voorhees AS, Edson-Heredia E, Gelfand JM. Palmoplantar psoriasis is associated with greater impairment of health-related quality of life compared with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71:623-32. [PMID: 24894455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of palmoplantar psoriasis on health-related quality of life (QoL) is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes between patients with palmoplantar psoriasis and moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with plaque psoriasis (N=1153) and palmoplantar psoriasis (N=66) currently receiving systemic or light treatment for psoriasis. RESULTS Patients with palmoplantar psoriasis were more likely to report Dermatology Life Quality Index scores that correspond to at least a moderate impact on QoL (odds ratio [OR] 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-3.61); problems with mobility (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.10-3.58), self-care (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.24-7.86), and usual activities (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.44-4.22) on the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions questionnaire; and heavy topical prescription use of at least twice daily in the preceding week (OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.63-4.85) than those with plaque psoriasis. LIMITATIONS Our assessment tools may not account for all dimensions of health-related QoL affected by palmoplantar disease, and these results may not be generalizable to patients with milder forms of psoriasis. CONCLUSION Patients with palmoplantar psoriasis experience greater health-related QoL impairment and are more likely to report heavy use of topical prescriptions than those with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Chung
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Junko Takeshita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel B Shin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gerald G Krueger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Andrea B Troxel
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Abby S Van Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Abstract
Acitretin, an active metabolite of etretinate, is the most widely used systemic retinoid in the treatment of psoriasis. There are several unique characteristics of this drug, which set it apart from other options in the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. It is highly efficacious as monotherapy in some specific clinical subtypes of psoriasis. It has dose-sparing effects when used as combination therapy with conventional systemic drugs as well as the biologics. It is a good option for long-term maintenance therapy. Side effects are common but usually mild and can be managed by its proper dosing and monitoring. With appropriate patient selection, gradual dose escalation, and patient counseling, we can deliver good results in psoriasis with this useful drug. This review gives a comprehensive recount of acitretin use in the present era of biologics in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
This article provides a new categorization of inflammatory pustular dermatoses in the context of recent genetic and biological insights. Monogenic diseases with pustular phenotypes are discussed, including deficiency of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, deficiency of the interleukin 36 receptor antagonist, CARD14-associated pustular psoriasis, and pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne. How these new genetic advancements may inform how previously described pustular diseases are viewed, including pustular psoriasis and its clinical variants, with a focus on historical classification by clinical phenotype, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley B Naik
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 12N238, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1908, Bethesda, MD 20892-1908, USA
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Janagond AB, Kanwar AJ, Handa S. Efficacy and safety of systemic methotrexate vs. acitretin in psoriasis patients with significant palmoplantar involvement: a prospective, randomized study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:e384-9. [PMID: 23066720 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmoplantar psoriasis (PP) is a chronic, inflammatory and proliferative dermatosis of the palms and/or soles with significant morbidity. It is notoriously difficult to treat and unresponsive to traditional topical agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective, randomized study involving 111 patients of psoriasis with significant palmoplantar disease. Patients meeting the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups. Patients in Group I received methotrexate in doses of 0.4 mg/kg weekly, and patients in Group II received acitretin in doses of 0.5 mg/kg daily. Patients were evaluated by modified PPPASI (m-PPPASI) score for palm and sole involvement at baseline, at two weekly intervals for the first 4 weeks and then four weekly for next 8 weeks. Treatment protocol was continued for a period till patient achieved 75% reduction in m-PPPASI from baseline or 12 weeks whichever was earlier. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in reduction of m-PPPASI of patients on methotrexate at weeks 8 and 12. The mean m-PPPASI at week 8 was 15.38 ± 6.08 in methotrexate group and 17.23 ± 5.25 in acitretin group (P = 0.04). The mean m-PPPASI at week 12 was 10.30 ± 5.97 in methotrexate group and 12.40 ± 5.31 in acitretin group (P = 0.03). Marked improvement (m-PPPASI 75) was achieved in 12 (24%) patients in methotrexate group compared with 4 (8%) in acitretin group which was statistically significant (P = 0.029). Adverse events were generally mild and were seen in 14 patients in methotrexate group and 15 patients in acitretin group (P = 0.080). CONCLUSION Methotrexate is relatively inexpensive, safe and efficacious drug for the treatment of psoriasis patients with significant palmoplantar involvement. Acitretin can be used as an alternative therapy and with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Janagond
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Paul C, Gallini A, Maza A, Montaudié H, Sbidian E, Aractingi S, Aubin F, Bachelez H, Cribier B, Joly P, Jullien D, Le Maître M, Misery L, Richard MA, Ortonne JP. Evidence-based recommendations on conventional systemic treatments in psoriasis: systematic review and expert opinion of a panel of dermatologists. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 25 Suppl 2:2-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.03990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sbidian E, Maza A, Montaudié H, Gallini A, Aractingi S, Aubin F, Cribier B, Joly P, Jullien D, Le Maître M, Misery L, Richard MA, Paul C, Ortonne JP, Bachelez H. Efficacy and safety of oral retinoids in different psoriasis subtypes: a systematic literature review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 25 Suppl 2:28-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.03993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a common chronic and recurrent pustular dermatosis characterized by multiple sterile pustules and erythematous plaques on the palms and soles. The exact cause and pathogenesis of the disease remain unknown, and there is still debate about whether PPP is a variant of psoriasis or a distinct condition. A review of the medical literature revealed that a wide range of treatments have been used in the treatment of PPP over the years. The literature in PPP is restricted to case reports or small case series, and there is a lack of well-documented clinical studies, which makes it difficult to select an ideal therapy for the condition. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current therapy options for PPP, based on results of randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Adişen
- Department of Dermatology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Adışen E, Tekin O, Gülekon A, Gürer MA. A retrospective analysis of treatment responses of palmoplantar psoriasis in 114 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009; 23:814-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Palmoplantar psoriasis: A phenotypical and clinical review with introduction of a new quality-of-life assessment tool. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009; 60:1024-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.11.910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Fototerapia é utilizada para tratar uma grande variedade de dermatoses. Desde o século passado a fototerapia tem sido utilizada em várias modalidades, com irradiação UVA ou UVB. Está indicada para todos os tipo de dermatoses inflamatórias e com período crônico de evolução, como vitiligo, pasoríase, parapsoríase, linfomas cutâneos de células T, eczemas crônicos, demonstrando bons resultados terapêuticos. Pode ser utilizada como monoterapia ou associada a outras drogas, como retinóides, metotrexate, ciclosporina, com objetivo de diminuir o tempo de tratamento e as doses das medicações mencionadas. Como os demais tipos de tratamento, a fototerapia apresenta algumas limitações, como a necessidade de equipamentos específicos, a adesão do paciente, a possibilidade de indicação ao paciente e a dose cumulativa de irradiação UV. A fototerapia deve ser conduzida com seguimento criterioso para a obtenção de resposta efetiva com poucos efeitos colaterais.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Duarte
- Santa Casa de São Paulo; Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Roberta Buense
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo
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Lebwohl M, Menter A, Koo J, Feldman SR. Combination therapy to treat moderate to severe psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 50:416-30. [PMID: 14988684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2002.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, remission can be difficult to achieve and sustain. Both acutely acting and long-term maintenance agents are needed. Speed and efficiency of available monotherapies tend to be inversely proportional to safety. Combination, rotational, and sequential approaches are often more effective and safer than single-agent therapy. Combining agents with complementary adverse effect profiles is preferable. Apparent synergistic enhancement is seen with most paired combinations of the four major therapies: acitretin, phototherapy (ultraviolet B/psoralen plus ultraviolet A), cyclosporine, and methotrexate. Of those, only cyclosporine in combination with psoralen plus ultraviolet A is contraindicated because of increased cancer risk. Combinations of each of those major therapies with topical agents (retinoids, steroids, vitamin D derivatives, and others) have been used with varying efficacy and safety. The immunomodulators, hydroxyurea and thioguanine, have also shown some success in combination therapy. The new biologic agents with their novel modes of action and adverse effect profiles may prove to be important adjuncts in combination/rotational/sequential approaches. In some cases, monotherapy (with either systemic agents or phototherapy) adequately controls moderate to severe disease. A regimen using a single agent has the advantages of lower cost and greater adherence by the patient. For any number of reasons, however, including loss of efficacy, adverse effects, or cumulative or acute toxicity-and especially the inability to clear resistant lesions-a single modality will not be adequate. Using two or more therapies is thus the rule rather than the exception for most patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, but picking a combination that serves to balance safety and efficacy needs careful consideration, especially since no evidence-based treatment guidelines exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lebwohl
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Mt. Sinai Medical Center, 5 E. 98th Street, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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