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Ding J, Yang W, Wang S, Zhang H, Zhang Y. Does environmental metal pollution affect bird morphometry? A case study on the tree sparrow Passer montanus. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133947. [PMID: 35151700 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphological characteristics are the leading indicators of the health status of birds. To explore the effects of heavy metals on bird morphometry in natural populations, tree sparrows (Passer montanus) were studied in a polluted site [Baiyin (BY)] and a relatively unpolluted site [Liujiaxia (LJX)]. This study aimed to examine whether morphological variables, the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of the wing, tarsus, and toe length, were associated with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) and Ca levels in different tissues and feces of adults and nestlings. Results showed that adults collected from BY contained relatively higher heavy metal concentrations and lower Ca concentrations in different tissues than those from LJX. Smaller body sizes and higher FA levels of adults and nestlings were found in BY than in LJX. Although higher heavy metal concentrations in some tissues were associated with smaller morphological characteristics of adults, the effects were not obvious in nestlings. The most correlated heavy metal with as many characteristics was heavy metal in primary feather in both sites, and the most affected characteristic was body mass in BY. The FA values of adults and nestlings in BY were positively affected by heavy metal concentrations in different tissues and feces. The growth rate of wing and tarsus length of nestlings in BY were negatively affected by the FA values of wing and tarsus length, respectively. Taken together, environmental metal pollution might affect the morphological characteristics of tree sparrows. These findings suggest that the morphological characteristics of tree sparrows, especially FA, can be used as indicators of metal pollution, underscoring the importance of measuring morphological characteristics in avian ecotoxicology field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Symanski C, Redak RA. Does fluctuating asymmetry of wing traits capture relative environmental stress in a lepidopteran? Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1199-1213. [PMID: 33598124 PMCID: PMC7863670 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is hypothesized to be a useful predictor of population canalization, especially for organisms at risk from environmental change.Identification of traits that meet statistical criteria as FA measures remains a challenge.Here, a laboratory experiment subjected immature butterflies (Vanessa cardui) to diet and temperature conditions of varying stress levels. Variation in dietary macronutrient ratio (protein: carbohydrate) and rearing temperature (optimal: 25°C; elevated: 32°C) was introduced as stressors. Temperature and nutrition are key variables influencing ectotherm growth and fitness and so are likely to be important stressors that influence FA.Individuals subjected to stressful conditions were predicted to show elevated FA of three wing size traits, as well as increased mortality and decreased adult body size.Trait FA did not vary across treatments. Instead, treatment levels impacted viability: The combined incidence of pupal death and expression of significant wing malformations increased in treatment levels designated as stressful. Variation in adult dry mass also reflected predicted stress levels. Results suggest that individuals predicted to display increased FA either died or displayed gross developmental aberrations.This experiment illustrates important constraints on the investigation of FA, including selection of appropriate traits and identification of appropriate levels of stressors to avoid elevated mortality. The latter concern brings into question the utility of FA as an indicator of stress in vulnerable, natural populations, where stress levels cannot be controlled, and mortality and fitness effects are often not quantifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Symanski
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of California at Riverside900 University AveRiversideCA92521USA
- Present address:
IrvineCAUSA
| | - Richard A. Redak
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of California at Riverside900 University AveRiversideCA92521USA
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Neustupa J, Nemcova Y. Morphological allometry constrains symmetric shape variation, but not asymmetry, of Halimeda tuna (Bryopsidales, Ulvophyceae) segments. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206492. [PMID: 30359424 PMCID: PMC6201959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Green algae of the genus Halimeda have modular siphonous thalli composed of multiple repeated segments. Morphological variation among the segments has been related to various environmental factors, which often jointly affect their size and shape. The segments are bilaterally symmetric, which means that their shape variation can be decomposed into the symmetric and asymmetric components. Asymmetric variation might reflect both environmental heterogeneity and developmental instability of morphogenetic processes during the development of segments. In the present study, we examined if segment shape in H. tuna is related to their size and if an allometric relationship can also be found with respect to their asymmetry. Relative contributions of directional and fluctuating asymmetry to the segment shape variation within individual plants were investigated at two close localities in the northern Adriatic Sea. A series of equidistant semilandmarks were set along the outline of the segments, and analyzed by geometric morphometrics using two parallel methods to optimize their final position. Symmetric variation was strongly constrained by allometry, which also explained differences between populations. Smaller segments were significantly more asymmetric, but the difference in asymmetry between populations could not be explained solely by this allometric relationship. These differences between populations might have been caused by variation in local environmental factors. We conclude that members of the genus Halimeda represent an intriguing model system for studies of morphometric symmetry and asymmetry of sessile marine organisms, including effects of allometric relationships and infraspecific variation in relation to environmental factors of the benthic coastal habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Neustupa
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Yvonne Nemcova
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Salleh Hudin N, De Neve L, Strubbe D, Fairhurst GD, Vangestel C, Peach WJ, Lens L. Supplementary feeding increases nestling feather corticosterone early in the breeding season in house sparrows. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6163-6171. [PMID: 28861222 PMCID: PMC5574790 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies on birds have proposed that a lack of invertebrate prey in urbanized areas could be the main cause for generally lower levels of breeding success compared to rural habitats. Previous work on house sparrows Passer domesticus found that supplemental feeding in urbanized areas increased breeding success but did not contribute to population growth. Here, we hypothesize that supplementary feeding allows house sparrows to achieve higher breeding success but at the cost of lower nestling quality. As abundant food supplies may permit both high‐ and low‐quality nestlings to survive, we also predict that within‐brood variation in proxies of nestling quality would be larger for supplemental food broods than for unfed broods. As proxies of nestling quality, we considered feather corticosterone (CORTf), body condition (scaled mass index, SMI), and tarsus‐based fluctuating asymmetry (FA). Our hypothesis was only partially supported as we did not find an overall effect of food supplementation on FA or SMI. Rather, food supplementation affected nestling phenotype only early in the breeding season in terms of elevated CORTf levels and a tendency for more variable within‐brood CORTf and FA. Early food supplemented nests therefore seemed to include at least some nestlings that faced increased stressors during development, possibly due to harsher environmental (e.g., related to food and temperature) conditions early in the breeding season that would increase sibling competition, especially in larger broods. The fact that CORTf was positively, rather than inversely, related to nestling SMI further suggests that factors influencing CORTf and SMI are likely operating over different periods or, alternatively, that nestlings in good nutritional condition also invest in high‐quality feathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraine Salleh Hudin
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium.,Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science & Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak Malaysia
| | - Liesbeth De Neve
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Diederik Strubbe
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Graham D Fairhurst
- Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Carl Vangestel
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium.,Joint Experimental Molecular Unit Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Will J Peach
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science RSPB Sandy Bedfordshire UK
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
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Olivero PA, Mattoni CI, Peretti AV. Differences in mating behavior between two allopatric populations of a Neotropical scorpion. ZOOLOGY 2017; 123:71-78. [PMID: 28811167 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Courtship and mating behavior generally evolve rapidly in diverging populations and species. The adaptation to different environments may cause behavioral divergence in characteristics involved in mate choice. Our objective in this study was to compare the sexual behavior of two distant populations of the scorpion Bothriurus bonariensis. This species has a broad distribution in South America, inhabiting Central Argentina, Uruguay and south-eastern Brazil. It is known that in this species there is a divergence in morphological patterns (body size, coloration, allometry and fluctuating asymmetry indexes) among distant populations. Considering the differences in environmental conditions between localities, we compare the sexual behavior in intra-population and inter-population matings from Central Argentina and southern Uruguay populations. We found significant differences in mating patterns, including differences in the frequency and duration of important stimulatory courtship behaviors. In addition, most inter-population matings were unsuccessful. In this framework, the differences in reproductive behavior could indicate reproductive isolation between these populations, which coincides with their already known morphological differences. This is the first study comparing the sexual behavior of allopatric populations of scorpions; it provides new data about the degree of intraspecific geographical divergence in the sexual behavior of B. bonariensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A Olivero
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Camilo I Mattoni
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alfredo V Peretti
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina
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Chatti N, Said K, Catalan J, Britton-Davidian J, Auffray JC. DEVELOPMENTAL INSTABILITY IN WILD CHROMOSOMAL HYBRIDS OF THE HOUSE MOUSE. Evolution 2017; 53:1268-1279. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb04539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/1998] [Accepted: 03/01/1999] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Chatti
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Génétique; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Khaled Said
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Génétique; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Josette Catalan
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS); Université Montpellier 2; CC 064 34095 Montpellier cedex France
| | - Janice Britton-Davidian
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS); Université Montpellier 2; CC 064 34095 Montpellier cedex France
| | - Jean-Christophe Auffray
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (UMR 5554 CNRS); Université Montpellier 2; CC 064 34095 Montpellier cedex France
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Olivero P, Vrech D, Peretti A, Mattoni C. Patterns of asymmetry in body traits and genitalia in two distant populations of a Neotropical scorpion. J NAT HIST 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.951086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Singaravelan N, Raz S, Tzur S, Belifante S, Pavlicek T, Beiles A, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Nevo E. Adaptation of pelage color and pigment variations in Israeli subterranean blind mole rats, Spalax ehrenbergi [corrected]. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69346. [PMID: 23935991 PMCID: PMC3723903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concealing coloration in rodents is well established. However, only a few studies examined how soil color, pelage color, hair-melanin content, and genetics (i.e., the causal chain) synergize to configure it. This study investigates the causal chain of dorsal coloration in Israeli subterranean blind mole rats, Spalax ehrenbergi. Methods We examined pelage coloration of 128 adult animals from 11 populations belonging to four species of Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies (Spalax galili, Spalax golani, Spalax carmeli, and Spalax judaei) and the corresponding coloration of soil samples from the collection sites using a digital colorimeter. Additionally, we quantified hair-melanin contents of 67 animals using HPLC and sequenced the MC1R gene in 68 individuals from all four mole rat species. Results Due to high variability of soil colors, the correlation between soil and pelage color coordinates was weak and significant only between soil hue and pelage lightness. Multiple stepwise forward regression revealed that soil lightness was significantly associated with all pelage color variables. Pelage color lightness among the four species increased with the higher southward aridity in accordance to Gloger's rule (darker in humid habitats and lighter in arid habitats). Darker and lighter pelage colors are associated with darker basalt and terra rossa, and lighter rendzina soils, respectively. Despite soil lightness varying significantly, pelage lightness and eumelanin converged among populations living in similar soil types. Partial sequencing of the MC1R gene identified three allelic variants, two of which were predominant in northern species (S. galili and S. golani), and the third was exclusive to southern species (S. carmeli and S. judaei), which might have caused the differences found in pheomelanin/eumelanin ratio. Conclusion/Significance Darker dorsal pelage in darker basalt and terra rossa soils in the north and lighter pelage in rendzina and loess soils in the south reflect the combined results of crypsis and thermoregulatory function following Gloger's rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Singaravelan
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
- Bommanampalayam, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Shmuel Raz
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shay Tzur
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shirli Belifante
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tomas Pavlicek
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avigdor Beiles
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
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Munoz-Munoz F, Sans-Fuentes MA, Lopez-Fuster MJ, Ventura J. Variation in fluctuating asymmetry levels across a Robertsonian polymorphic zone of the house mouse. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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GAZAVE ELODIE, CATALAN JOSETTE, DA GRACA RAMALHINHO MARIA, DA LUZ MATHIAS MARIA, NUNES ANACLAUDIA, BRITTON-DAVIDIAN JANICE, AUFFRAY JEANCHRISTOPHE. Do chromosomal hybrids necessarily suffer from developmental instability? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Blagojević J, Vujosević M. B chromosomes and developmental homeostasis in the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia): effects on nonmetric traits. Heredity (Edinb) 2005; 93:249-54. [PMID: 15100709 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
B chromosomes are found in almost all populations of the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia). Their effects on developmental homeostasis in this species were analyzed using morphological nonmetric traits (number of foramina) in a sample of 218 animals from locality Mt Jastrebac in the former Yugoslavia. Variations of the parameters of developmental homeostasis (the degree of fluctuating asymmetry--FA, the number of asymmetrical characters per individual--NA, and the total phenotypic variability--PV) were examined in three groups: in animals without Bs, with one B chromosome, and with more than one B chromosome. Significant differences in the level of FA between groups of animals were found for two characters. Carriers of one B chromosome displayed the highest level of phenotypic variability. Parameters of developmental stability (DS) were monitored in the population in which significant variations in the frequency of animals with Bs (fB) were established during the season earlier. The FA levels for four foramina out of a total of 12 examined followed the changes of frequencies of animals with Bs. Furthermore, a significant seasonal correlation between NA and fB was found. The presence of B does not cause a disturbance of homeostasis in a way that allows changes in homeostasis to be directly related to B chromosome's presence. However, carriers of B react differently to environmental changes than do noncarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Blagojević
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stanković, Belgrade 11060, Serbia and Montenegro.
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KARK S, LENS L, VAN DONGEN S, SCHMIDT E. Asymmetry patterns across the distribution range: does the species matter? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00296.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Three major types of bilateral asymmetry (fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, and antisymmetry) have long been recognized in the literature. Little, however, is known about transitions between asymmetry types, especially in natural populations. It is often assumed that directional asymmetry and antisymmetry have a larger genetic basis than fluctuating asymmetry. This leads many scientists to exclude traits or populations showing either directional asymmetry or antisymmetry from developmental instability studies, focusing attention on fluctuating asymmetry alone. This procedure may bias the findings and thus our understanding of patterns of bilateral asymmetry and the factors influencing it. To examine changes in bilateral asymmetry across the distribution range of a species, I studied the length of the third toe in 11 chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) populations across a steep environmental gradient of 320 km within the species' range in Israel. This trait was selected due to its adaptive value in the chukar, a species that spends much of its activity walking, and due to its high measurement repeatability. Moving from the core toward the very extreme periphery of the range, the following four trends are detected: (1) the expression of the directional asymmetry component significantly increases; (2) the frequency of symmetrical individuals in the population significantly decreases, with a sharp decline at the steepest part of the climatic and environmental gradient studied, within the Mediterranean-desert ecotone; (3) mean asymmetry levels, as estimated using the unsigned difference between the right and left toe, significantly increases; and (4) the range of asymmetry increases such that the most asymmetrical individuals originate from the very edge of the range. These findings provide primary evidence that substantial shifts in asymmetry may occur across short geographical distances within a species' distribution range. They show a continuum between asymmetry types and support the notion that all three types of asymmetry can reflect developmental instability. Further studies of developmental instability should be designed so that they enable detection of transitions between asymmetry types across natural populations. Such a procedure may partly resolve some of the contradictions seen in the literature regarding the relationship between bilateral asymmetry and environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kark
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305-5020, USA.
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